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The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of injectable semipermanent and permanent dermal fillers, compared to other facial augmentation techniques, for the management of facial lipoatrophy as a result of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV infection through a systematic review of the literature. A systematic search strategy was used to retrieve relevant studies. Inclusion of articles was by the application of a predetermined protocol, independent assessment by two reviewers, and a final consensus decision. One randomized controlled trial (RCT), one pseudo-RCT, two nonrandomized comparative studies, and seven case series were included for review. Injections with permanent and semipermanent dermal fillers improved subjective ratings of appearance and resulted in high patient satisfaction. Although short-term safety appeared favorable, of the seven studies that reported lumps, three studies reported these events in more than 40% of patients. Long-term safety data were lacking. Evidence suggests that permanent and semipermanent dermal fillers achieve their objective, which is to decrease the visible effects of HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy, with high patient satisfaction. Safety appears favorable in the short term, but further studies are required to determine long-term outcomes.

ABSTRACT The advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has extended the lives of patients affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. A common cutaneous side effect of HAART is [...]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2005.06.001 Byline: Robert Lee Witt Abstract: Hypothesis: The long-term recovery rate of immediate postoperative facial nerve dysfunction with an electrophysiologically and anatomically intact facial nerve is higher than the long-term recovery rate of immediate postoperative vocal fold immobility with an electrophysiologically and anatomically intact recurrent laryngeal nerve. Methods: A retrospective review of parotid and thyroid surgery with electrophysiologic monitoring of the facial and recurrent laryngeal nerves, respectively. Results: Forty-five consecutive patients had electrophysiologic and anatomic integrity of the facial nerve at the conclusion of the parotidectomy. Eight of 45 (18%) patients developed a postoperative facial nerve dysfunction. All eight patients with facial nerve dysfunction had complete return of facial nerve function within 3 months. A total of 102 consecutive patients underwent dissection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery. Seven of 102 (7%) had immediate unilateral vocal fold dysfunction. All 102 had electrophysiologic and anatomic integrity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve at the conclusion of the procedure. Two of 102 (2%) have clinically complete permanent vocal fold dysfunction. Five of seven (71%) with immediate complete vocal fold immobility had complete return of mobility. Conclusions: A higher immediate postoperative rate of transient facial nerve dysfunction is reported compared with vocal fold immobility in parotid and thyroid surgery, respectively (P < 0.05). Immediate postoperative facial nerve dysfunction with an electrophysiologically response at 1 mA and an anatomically intact facial nerve during parotid surgery resulted in a complete return of function in all cases in this series. Immediate postoperative vocal fold immobility with an electrophysiological response at 1 mA and an anatomically intact recurrent laryngeal nerve had a 30% rate of being permanent in this series. Author Affiliation: From the Department of Surgery, Christiana Care Health Center, Wilmington, Delaware Article History: Accepted 27 May 2005 Article Note: (miscellaneous) Wilmington, Delaware

Byline: Patwari. Panduranga, S. Sangle, Abhay. Mane, Suyog. Doshi, D. Kadam Aims: To study and compare the electrophysiological changes in neuroparalytic or vasculotoxic snakebites. Materials and Methods: 40 patients who [...]