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Periodontal disease (PD) is an infectious-inflammatory oral disease that is highly prevalent among adolescence and adulthood and can lead to chronic orofacial pain and be associated with anxiety, stress and depression. This study aimed to identify anxiety-like behaviors in the ligature-induced murine preclinical model of PD in different phases of the disease (i.e., acute vs. chronic). Also, we investigated orofacial mechanical allodynia thresholds and superficial cortical plasticity along the orofacial motor cortex in both disease phases. To this aim, 25 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated in acute (14 days) or chronic (28 days) ligature-induced-PD groups and further divided into active-PD or sham-PD. Anxiety-like behavior was evaluated using the elevated plus maze, mechanical allodynia assessed using the von Frey filaments test and superficial motor cortex mapping was performed with electrical transdural stimulation. We observed increased anxiety-like behavior in active-PD animals in the acute phase, characterized by decreased number of entries into the open arm extremities [ t (1,7) = 2.42, p = 0.04], and reduced time spent in the open arms [ t (1,7) = 3.56, p = 0.01] and in the open arm extremities [ t (1,7) = 2.75, p = 0.03]. There was also a reduction in the mechanical allodynia threshold in all active-PD animals [Acute: t (1,7) = 8.81, p < 0.001; Chronic: t (1,6) = 60.0, p < 0.001], that was positively correlated with anxiety-like behaviors in the acute group. No differences were observed in motor cortex mapping. Thus, our findings show the presence of anxiety-like behaviors in the acute phase of PD making this a suitable model to study the impact of anxiety in treatment response and treatment efficacy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Varotto, Martinez, Gouveia, Antunes, Fabri, Ballester, Antequera, de Siqueira, Fonoff, Teixeira and de Siqueira.)

This is a case report of infective endocarditis due to Moraxella osloensis . This study would be the fourth since the two latest episodes were described in 2015. The patient of this exposition is different from those previously described in the literature because it was a young adult, under 50 years of age, immunocompetent, with no comorbidities and no obvious focus of infection.

Background: Resveratrol is a polyphenol that has gained momentum in therapeutics in the last few years., Objective: In this study, we hypothesised that resveratrol could act prophylactically and/or treat inflammatory lesions of the oral cavity after being delivered by two different formulations of buccal mucoadhesive tablets (F1 and F2, which differed in terms of viscosity agents used)., Methods: This hypothesis was assessed through permeation studies, to verify diffusion of the drug through the buccal mucosa using a porcine model to predict human in vivo behaviour., Results: F2 (tablet with less viscosity agent) presented better permeation than F1, but the amount of drug that crossed the mucosa was still low compared to the amount retained within it (35.90 µg found in the receptor medium and 15.63 mg quantified within the mucosa)., Conclusion: This accounted for a local effect rather than a systemic one, which is desirable for local processes, such as oral mucositis, lichen planus, erythema multiforme, nicotinic stomatitis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, among others. In this sense, resveratrol-loaded mucoadhesive tablets appear to be a prominent alternative to prevent and/or cure inflammatory lesions of the oral cavity., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)