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Resumo Neste artigo analisamos como a sensibilidade e a experiência intelectual em relação à pobreza foram vivenciadas no Instituto Joaquim Nabuco (IJN) em meados do século XX. No imediato pós-guerra, a intelectualidade recifense tinha a observação, o registro e a reflexão da pobreza como uma espécie de páthos intelectual. Esta experiência coletiva propiciou uma autocompreensão moderna de país a partir de uma perspectiva regional e local. Nas análises que se seguirão, evidenciamos como o IJN se constituiu como esforço para a construção e adensamento dessa nova sensibilidade em relação à miséria regional, que deixou de aceitar a pobreza como parte da ordem natural do mundo. Por fim, analisamos as formas pelas quais o IJN buscou dar um significado canônico, a seu modo, para a realidade de penúria do Nordeste brasileiro.

In a pandemic, the availability of health indicators among at-risk populations, such as the elderly, is crucial due to the disease’s rapid transmission and the need to act quickly to contain its evolution. Traditional clinical methods for monitoring vital signs typically involve contact-based sensors that must be precisely attached by a skilled healthcare professional. However, these methods are less practical for repeatable measurements and are unsuitable for long-term monitoring. On the other hand, contactless vital signs monitoring, employing radar-based techniques or IR-thermal imaging, eliminates the need for physical electrodes and proves beneficial for remote health monitoring. This not only reduces physical contact between subjects and healthcare professionals, ensuring social distancing, especially in nursing homes, but also shields the elderly population from external factors that may increase the likelihood of infection. This article presents three key contributions: (i) vital signs characterization in the elderly population; (ii) a state-of-the-art review of the most prominent techniques and methods for Contactless Health Monitoring (CHM); (iii) the design, specification, and evaluation of a low-cost proof-of-concept CHM system for nursing homes, incorporating an IoT Edge Device. This facilitates real-time monitoring of vital signs (cardio-respiratory rates and elevated body temperature) using a multimodal approach based on Doppler radar and IR thermal imaging sensors, generating health indicators without any form of contact or invasiveness. Direct comparisons with reference instruments have revealed an error rate below 10%, in 74%, 52%, and 96% of cases for Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, and Body Temperature measurements, respectively.

The Statewide (formerly Southern) California Earthquake Center (SCEC) conducts multidisciplinary earthquake system science research that aims to develop predictive models of earthquake processes, and to produce accurate seismic hazard information that can improve societal preparedness and resiliency to earthquake hazards. As part of this program, SCEC has developed the CyberShake platform, which calculates physics-based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) models for regions with high-quality seismic velocity and fault models. The CyberShake platform implements a sophisticated computational workflow that includes over 15 individual codes written by 6 developers. These codes are heterogeneous, ranging from short-running high-throughput serial CPU codes to large, long-running, parallel GPU codes. Additionally, CyberShake simulation campaigns are computationally extensive, typically producing tens of terabytes of meaningful scientific data and metadata over several months of around-the-clock execution on leadership-class supercomputers. To meet the needs of the CyberShake platform, we have developed an extreme-scale workflow stack, including the Pegasus Workflow Management System, HTCondor, Globus, and custom tools. We present this workflow software stack and identify how the CyberShake platform and supporting tools enable us to meet a variety of challenges that come with large-scale simulations, such as automated remote job submission, data management, and verification and validation. This platform enabled us to perform our most recent simulation campaign, CyberShake Study 22.12, from December 2022 to April 2023. During this time, our workflow tools executed approximately 32,000 jobs, and used up to 73% of the Summit system at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility. Our workflow tools managed about 2.5 PB of total temporary and output data, and automatically staged 19 million output files totaling 74 TB back to archival storage on the University of Southern California's Center for Advanced Research Computing systems, including file-based relational data and large binary files to efficiently store millions of simulated seismograms. CyberShake extreme-scale workflows have generated simulation-based probabilistic seismic hazard models that are being used by seismological, engineering, and governmental communities.

Em meados do século XX, a dimensão do sensível constituía a principal marca do discurso sobre a pobreza seja na literatura, no ensaio ou nos relatórios científicos de instituições especializadas em planejamento e pesquisas sociais. Esse caráter permanente das reflexões foi ensejado, entre outros fatores, pelo surgimento de órgãos comprometidos em produzir um significado canônico para a realidade de penúria do Nordeste brasileiro. Neste artigo, analisamos como a Superintendência do Desenvolvimento do Nordeste – Sudene se constituiu como esforços para a construção e adensamento dessa sensibilidade em relação à pobreza.

In the first part of this article, we present a new proof for Korn’s inequality in an n-dimensional context. The results are based on standard tools of real and functional analysis. For the final result, the standard Poincaré inequality plays a fundamental role. In the second text part, we develop a global existence result for a non-linear model of plates. We address a rather general type of boundary conditions and the novelty here is the more relaxed restrictions concerning the external load magnitude.

El artículo reflexiona sobre las producciones orales y sus resistencias en el Caribe colombiano. Está motivado por la idea de descentrar las relaciones estéticas y políticas que han sido privilegiadas en función de la literacidad y que han invisibilizado los procesos de memoria y artes verbales propias de las formas de habla de las poblaciones al margen de un canon estético y literario, desde el lugar situado de la Oraloteca como experiencia de grupo de investigación y archivo. Partimos de las ideas extendidas y difundidas para el tratamiento de la oralidad en diálogo con algunas de las piezas orales que han sido recolectadas a lo largo de 17 años y que se encuentran sistematizadas en el corpus de la Oraloteca del Programa de Antropología de la Universidad del Magdalena, Colombia. Los resultados del estudio apuntan a reflexionar sobre la multiplicidad de las artes verbales de la oralidad, teniendo en cuenta el prestigio letrado que ha prevalecido en la academia y buscando la interdisciplinariedad para contextualizar y comprender las dinámicas de la región Caribe colombiana en sus oralidades, reconociendo sus valores estéticos y políticos.

Viruses with encephalitogenic potential can cause neurological conditions of clinical and epidemiological importance, such as Saint Louis encephalitis virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, Mayaro virus and West Nile virus. The objective of the present study was to determine the number of arboviruses with neuroinvasive potential isolated in Brazil that corresponds to the collection of viral samples belonging to the Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute (SAARB/IEC) of the Laboratory Network of National Reference for Arbovirus Diagnosis from 1954 to 2022. In the analyzed period, a total of 1,347 arbovirus samples with encephalitogenic potential were isolated from mice; 5,065 human samples were isolated exclusively by cell culture; and 676 viruses were isolated from mosquitoes. The emergence of new arboviruses may be responsible for diseases still unknown to humans, making the Amazon region a hotspot for infectious diseases due to its fauna and flora species characteristics. The detection of circulating arboviruses with the potential to cause neuroinvasive diseases is constant, which justifies the continuation of active epidemiological surveillance work that offers adequate support to the public health system regarding the virological diagnosis of circulating arboviruses in Brazil.

Abstract Inferring episodes of expansion, admixture, diffusion, and/or migration in prehistory is undergoing a resurgence in macro-scale archaeological interpretation. In parallel to this renewed popularity, access to computational tools among archaeologists has seen the use of aggregated radiocarbon datasets for the study of dispersals also increasing. This paper advocates for developing reflexive practice in the application of radiocarbon dates to prehistoric dispersals, by reflecting on the qualities of the underlying data, particularly chronometric uncertainty, and framing dispersals explicitly in terms of hypothesis testing. This paper draws on cultural expansions within South America and employs two emblematic examples, the Arauquinoid and Tupiguarani traditions, to develop an analytical solution that not only incorporates chronometric uncertainty in bivariate regression but, importantly, tests whether the datasets provide statistically significant evidence for a dispersal process. The analysis, which the paper provides the means to replicate, identifies fundamental issues with resolution and data quality that impede identification of pre-Columbian cultural dispersals through simple spatial gradients of radiocarbon data. The results suggest that reflexivity must be fed back into theoretical frameworks of prehistoric mobility for the study of dispersals, in turn informing the construction of more critical statistical null models, and alternative models of cultural expansion should be formally considered alongside demographic models.

This article develops dual variational formulations for a large class of models in variational optimization. The results are established through basic tools of functional analysis, convex analysis and duality theory. The main duality principle is developed as an application to a Ginzburg–Landau-type system in superconductivity in the absence of a magnetic field. In the first section, we develop new general dual convex variational formulations, more specifically, dual formulations with a large region of convexity around the critical points, which are suitable for the non-convex optimization for a large class of models in physics and engineering. Finally, in the last section, we present some numerical results concerning the generalized method of lines applied to a Ginzburg–Landau-type equation.

The archaeological record provides large ensembles of radiocarbon dates which can be used to infer long-term changes in human demography. Here, the authors analyse the radiocarbon record of the Iberian peninsula, finding support for a bottleneck during the Last Glacial-Interglacial transition

This article develops an approximate proximal approach for the generalized method of lines. We recall that for the generalized method of lines, the domain of the partial differential equation in question is discretized in lines (or in curves) and the concerning solution is developed on these lines, as functions of the boundary conditions and the domain boundary shape. Considering such a context, in the text we develop an approximate numerical procedure of proximal nature applicable to a large class of models in physics and engineering. Finally, in the last sections, we present numerical examples and results related to a Ginzburg–Landau-type equation.

En este artículo nos proponemos interpretar el discurso y las políticas del posconflicto a partir del enfoque de la crítica de la memoria en Colombia. Desde nuestra lectura, este discurso, establece una dinámica de olvido sistemático y no permite superar las guerras, pero también genera formas de resistencia ante los conflictos y de preservación de las identidades a pesar de la marginalidad en las comunidades afectadas por el conflicto armado. Con todo ello, la identidad queda confinada a la guerra como política imperialista neoliberal, en un círculo perverso de violencia que define a la paz como espectáculo, a la memoria como capital y multiplica los sentidos de la sobrevivencia. Concluimos sobre la necesidad de empatizar con las múltiples memorias, desde nuevas sensibilidades que intervengan en la política de archivo de testimonios, repensando lo que se enseña y se difunde como Memoria Histórica y el impacto que esto tiene en el país.

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la denominada zona central del Magdalena, una de las zonas en que está dividido el departamento del Magdalena desde el punto de vista político. Esta zona es, sin lugar a dudas, una especie de epicentro de actividades conflictivas que reflejan la inestabilidad del Estado-Nación. La eliminación sistemática de los chimilas, la desarticulación de los movimientos sociales como una de las consecuencias de la masacre de las bananeras en 1928, le desecación y expropiación de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, la guerrilla, el paramilitarismo y sus consecuencias nefastas en los procesos económicos, sociales y culturales, conforman un espacio territorial muy complejo en donde se articulan las grandes familias terratenientes, la ausencia del Estado y la eliminación sistemática de lo público, para dar espacio a un gigantesco territorio en donde la impunidad y la ausencia de memoria son la base de su desarrollo.

A field experiment was conducted between mid-August 2016 and mid-October 2017 in four table-grape vineyards in the Siriji Valley, Pernambuco State (Northeastern Brazil), to study the conidial dispersal dynamics of Botryosphaeriaceae fungi, causing grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). Conidial dispersal was assessed by exposing microscope slides coated with Vaseline close to symptomatic plants and pruning debris. The slides were replaced every 2 weeks for a total of 30 sampling periods. Conidia of the genera Diplodia, Lasiodiplodia and Neofusicoccum were enumerated based on morphological characters. Conidia were collected from all four table-grape vineyards, confirming that these fungi are present as aerial inoculum and could be associated with GTDs in the region. Conidia of Diplodia and Lasiodiplodia were present in all the sampling periods, and those of Lasiodiplodia were the most abundant. Conidia of Neofusicoccum were found less frequently, and in less numbers than the other genera. Significant correlation between the number of conidia sampled and the amount of rain was observed for Diplodia only. Greater numbers of conidia were collected from pruning debris than from symptomatic plants. For Diplodia and Lasiodiplodia, the numbers of conidia gradually increased in September, increased sharply between March and June, and then decreased. These dynamics were described by a logistic equation, with hydro-thermal time (i.e., a combination of degree-days and relative humidity) as the independent variable (R2 > 0.998).

Peer-to-Peer (P2P), Transactive Energy (TE) and Community Self-Consumption (CSC) are exciting energy generation and use models, offering several opportunities for prosumers, micro-grids and services to the grid; however, they require numerous components to function efficiently. Various hardware devices are required to transmit data and control the generation and consumption equipment, whereas software is needed to use the gathered information to monitor and manage the hardware and energy trading. Data can be gathered from a variety of origins from within the grid and external sources; however, these data must be well-structured and consistent to be useful. This paper sets out to gather information regarding the hardware, software and data from the several archetypes available, focusing on existing projects and trials in these areas to see what the most-common hardware, software and data components are. The result presents a concise overview of the hardware, software and data-related topics and structures within the P2P, TE and CSC energy generation and use models.

We describe the breeding biology and the advertisement call of the horned leaf-frog, Proceratophrys appendiculata (Günther, 1873) in the Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, municipality of Teresópolis. The reproductive period of P. appendiculata is short and is associated with the end of the winter and the beginning of the spring, when males call night and day under large rocks in sandy bottom rock streams. The amplexus is axillary and one female laid about 656 viscous eggs. The advertisement call of P. appendiculata is unique among congeners. The call lasts approximately two seconds, with about 85 pulses/call at a rate of 45 pulses/s and frequency around 0.620 kHz. It is one of the longest calls and lowest in dominant frequency. Moreover, the call of P. appendiculata is characterized by the greatest number of pulses so far registered, reaching 129 pulses in a single call.

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os modos como a cultura popular foi representada no interior do Movimento de Cultura Popular do Recife (MCP). As formações intelectuais que ali militaram concebiam a história como uma sucessão de esquemas de dominação social e política que variavam apenas na forma e na intensidade. Tal premissa, corroborada pelo entendimento comum de que esses esquemas de dominação só sofreriam radicais mudanças quando as classes dominadas se conscientizassem da sua força política, não arrefeceu as tensões provenientes das diferentes leituras sobre como a cultura popular deveria ser trabalhada internamente pelos intelectuais do MCP. A despeito dessas diferentes posições e levando em consideração certo consenso existente entre seus intelectuais sobre a necessidade de conhecer cientificamente a realidade social pernambucana, analisaremos as linhas básicas de sua concepção sobre a cultura popular. Palavras-chave: Movimento de Cultura Popular; intelectuais; Pernambuco.

The present article is interested in asking a series of questions about the Colombian Caribbean Sea, its communities and the investigative process. There is a physical reality that establishes a cultural border with the insular Caribbean, from which there is a collection of vacuums in relation to the coastal marine ecosystem and the populations in those areas. The first part of this essay tries to provide some basics about the situation of the investigations and realities of the inhabitants of the coast; trying to balance the conditions of some of the representative economical regional activities and their impact on the communities.The second part is an ethnographic discussion of a specific coastal problem: fishermen, their reality and context. These are elements that cannot yet be articulated in an anthropology of fishing, maritime issues or the ocean itself, because thus far there are very few investigative and academic experiences about this subject.

We have compiled an extensive database of archaeological evidence for rice across Asia, including 400 sites from mainland East Asia, Southeast Asia and South Asia. This dataset is used to compare several models for the geographical origins of rice cultivation and infer the most likely region(s) for its origins and subsequent outward diffusion. The approach is based on regression modelling wherein goodness of fit is obtained from power law quantile regressions of the archaeologically inferred age versus a least-cost distance from the putative origin(s). The Fast Marching method is used to estimate the least-cost distances based on simple geographical features. The origin region that best fits the archaeobotanical data is also compared to other hypothetical geographical origins derived from the literature, including from genetics, archaeology and historical linguistics. The model that best fits all available archaeological evidence is a dual origin model with two centres for the cultivation and dispersal of rice focused on the Middle Yangtze and the Lower Yangtze valleys.

Quiero aclarar que este ensayo como nuestra historia y nuestra cultura están en formación y que como ellas mismas son el producto de otros discursos, de otras experiencias, de otras palabras venidas de otros idiomas pero sobre todo es el resulÚldo o más bien una mínima parte de un resultado de un experiencia, de una realidad de un individuo que hace parte de un conjunto de individuos al que afanosamente debemos incluir en algo abstracto que se llama cultura que dizque genera identidad y conlleva a fortalecer la nación y todo eso sumado y mezclado en una especie de tutifruti será lo que nos hará ser.

Que le da la identidad caribe, que hace que el caribe sea caribe seguramente hay muchas miradas y hasta igual número de respuesta, el caribe ante todo es un conjunto de tradiciones que se encontraron en una region geográfica y espacial y que busca su identidad como territorio.

We use archaeological data and spatial methods to reconstruct the dispersal of farming into areas of sub-Saharan Africa now occupied by Bantu language speakers, and introduce a new large-scale radiocarbon database and a new suite of spatial modelling techniques. We also introduce a method of estimating phylogeographic relationships from archaeologically-modelled dispersal maps, with results produced in a format that enables comparison with linguistic and genetic phylogenies. Several hypotheses are explored. The 'deep split' hypothesis suggests that an early-branching eastern Bantu stream spread around the northern boundary of the equatorial rainforest, but recent linguistic and genetic work tends not to support this. An alternative riverine/littoral hypothesis suggests that rivers and coastlines facilitated the migration of the first farmers/horticulturalists, with some extending this to include rivers through the rainforest as conduits to East Africa. More recently, research has shown that a grassland corridor opened through the rainforest at around 3000-2500 BP, and the possible effect of this on migrating populations is also explored. Our results indicate that rivers and coasts were important dispersal corridors, but do not resolve the debate about a 'Deep Split'. Future work should focus on improving the size, quality and geographical coverage of the archaeological (14)C database; on augmenting the information base to establish descent relationships between archaeological sites and regions based on shared material cultural traits; and on refining the associated physical geographical reconstructions of changing land cover.

BACKGROUND: Human neural precursor cells (hNPC) are candidates for neural transplantation in a wide range of neurological disorders. Recently, much work has been done to determine how the environment for NPC culture in vitro may alter their plasticity. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) are used to expand NPC; however, it is not clear if continuous exposure to mitogens may abrogate their subsequent differentiation. Here we evaluated if short-term removal of FGF-2 and EGF prior to plating may improve hNPC differentiation into neurons. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We demonstrate that culture of neurospheres in suspension for 2 weeks without EGF-FGF-2 significantly increases neuronal differentiation and neurite extension when compared to cells cultured using standard protocols. In this condition, neurons were preferentially located in the core of the neurospheres instead of the shell. Moreover, after plating, neurons presented radial rather than randomly oriented and longer processes than controls, comprised mostly by neurons with short processes. These changes were followed by alterations in the expression of genes related to cell survival. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that EGF and FGF-2 removal affects NPC fate and plasticity. Taking into account that a three dimensional structure is essential for NPC differentiation, here we evaluated, for the first time, the effects of growth factors removal in whole neurospheres rather than in plated cell culture.