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Abstract A solid-state implementation of a cyclotron radiation source consisting of arrays of semicircular geometries was designed, fabricated, and characterized on commercially available graphene on hBN substrates. Using a 10 µm design radius and device width, respectively, such devices were expected to emit a continuous band of radiation spanning from 3 to 6 GHz with a power 3.96 nW. A peak emission was detected at 4.15 GHz with an effective array gain of 22 dB. This is the first known experimental measurement of cyclotron radiation from a curved planar graphene geometry. With scaling, it may be possible achieve frequencies in the THz range with such a device.

To review the available literature on the acute and temporal effects of backpack load carriage on knee muscle force production post-walking. Data sources: The databases were PubMed, Lens, ScienceDirect, Scopus, BVS, and EBSCO. Study selection: The eligibility criteria were: sample aged between 18 and 45 years old, backpack load carriage walking, knee flexor and/ or extensor muscle strength measurement comparing post-walking with pre-walking or with no-load walking; articles that reported at least one acute response, and/or temporal response; randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that have a longitudinal design that compared two or more groups, or one group with a test and re-test output described and written in English. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 Statement. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical review tool for randomised controlled trials and prospective cohorts to assess the methodological quality of the studies. A total of 1004 records were screened, and five studies were included in the review. Data extraction: Participant details, study design, load carriage system, load carriage conditions, walking conditions, and method and instrument used to measure strength. Conclusions: The acute and temporal neuromuscular impairments are load-dependent and are independent of the intervention performed. Acute impairments seem to occur due to a decreased ability to modulate motor output rapidly and accurately, and temporal impairment by eccentric motor activity increased by the external load. Carbohydrate or whey protein accelerates the recovery of neuromuscular function after prolonged load carriage occurs in isometric strength, but not in isokinetic strength.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar as intersecções entre a agenda LGBTI+ e a bioética enquanto campo disciplinar. Esta pesquisa se baseou em análise qualitativa e revisão bibliográfica que englobam tópicos relacionados com bioética, estudos pós-coloniais, teoria queer, direitos humanos e relações internacionais. Por meio de reflexões sobre o contexto político e social que precedeu o surgimento da bioética, com enfoque na interpretação da sexualidade e na identidade de gênero durante os períodos coloniais e imperialistas, buscou-se compreender como as perspectivas históricas influenciaram a evolução da bioética. Além disso, pretendeu-se examinar a consolidação da bioética como um campo disciplinar e área de conhecimento científico, destacando a predominância do principialismo na segunda metade do século XX. Nesse sentido, analisou-se o potencial de uma abordagem feminista na bioética para enfrentar as desigualdades e opressões presentes em sua própria estrutura, com uma visão crítica e reflexiva. Por último, apresentou-se de que forma as contribuições epistemológicas da teoria queer podem subsidiar o desenvolvimento de uma bioética queer, a partir do Sul Global. Essas discussões visam ampliar a reflexão sobre as desigualdades e opressões enfrentadas pelas pessoas LGBTI+ enquanto grupo social no contexto da bioética.

Summary: Background: Mucositis is a common and highly impactful side effect of conventional and emerging cancer therapy and thus the subject of intense investigation. Although common practice, mucositis assessment is heterogeneously adopted and poorly guided, impacting evidence synthesis and translation. The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Mucositis Study Group (MSG) therefore aimed to establish expert recommendations for how existing mucositis assessment tools should be used, in clinical care and trials contexts, to improve the consistency of mucositis assessment. Methods: This study was conducted over two stages (January 2022–July 2023). The first phase involved a survey to MASCC-MSG members (January 2022–May 2022), capturing current practices, challenges and preferences. These then informed the second phase, in which a set of initial recommendations were prepared and refined using the Delphi method (February 2023–May 2023). Consensus was defined as agreement on a parameter by >80% of respondents. Findings: Seventy-two MASCC-MSG members completed the first phase of the study (37 females, 34 males, mainly oral care specialists). High variability was noted in the use of mucositis assessment tools, with a high reliance on clinician assessment compared to patient reported outcome measures (PROMs, 47% vs 3%, 37% used a combination). The World Health Organization (WHO) and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scales were most commonly used to assess mucositis across multiple settings. Initial recommendations were reviewed by experienced MSG members and following two rounds of Delphi survey consensus was achieved in 91 of 100 recommendations. For example, in patients receiving chemotherapy, the recommended tool for clinician assessment in clinical practice is WHO for oral mucositis (89.5% consensus), and WHO or CTCAE for gastrointestinal mucositis (85.7% consensus). The recommended PROM in clinical trials is OMD/WQ for oral mucositis (93.3% consensus), and PRO-CTCAE for gastrointestinal mucositis (83.3% consensus). Interpretation: These new recommendations provide much needed guidance on mucositis assessment and may be applied in both clinical practice and research to streamline comparison and synthesis of global data sets, thus accelerating translation of new knowledge into clinical practice. Funding: No funding was received.

RESUMO Neste ensaio, aborda-se a interface entre gênero e direito por meio do recorte da inclusão social de pessoas trans e travestis e do caso da liberdade morfológica. Os objetivos são: i) apresentar um mapa conceitual e das lutas que configuram a questão trans no Brasil; ii) destacar a importância de propostas mais inclusivas de direitos, enfatizando a Perspectiva dos Funcionamentos (PdF); iii) inserir o debate em um campo de reflexão emergente, fomentando o interesse pelos estudos transumanistas, enfatizando a liberdade morfológica como um direito transumano. Após a apresentação de algumas das principais nuances da questão trans no Brasil, defende-se a necessidade de que o rol dos chamados concernidos morais seja ampliado, oferecendo uma perspectiva normativa a mais inclusiva possível. Com base na adoção da noção de sistemas funcionais, chama-se a atenção para o ganho de substituir a noção de direitos humanos pela de direitos básicos, apresentando a PdF. Finaliza-se apontando a concepção de direitos transumanos, que pode indicar uma ampliação tanto dos concernidos quanto das liberdades garantidas, destacando a liberdade morfológica, que parece fundamental para o exercício de uma incontornável dimensão da existência das pessoas trans e travestis.

Feline stomatitis or gingivostomatitis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting approximately 0.7% of patients. The cause is multifactorial, involving infectious agents, genetic factors, and environmental influences. Therapeutic strategies include pharmacological and surgical interventions to controlling inflammation and enhancing patient quality of life. There are discussions in the literature regarding the potential involvement of adverse food reactions as a contributing factor to oral cavity lesions, without clear evidence. This case report describes the control of gingivostomatitis with a hypoallergenic diet in a cat that had oral lesions and who was refractory to conventional treatment with prednisolone and cyclosporine, even after periodontal treatment and partial tooth extraction. After 30 days of dietary change, there was complete remission of the lesions. The animal was then re-exposed to the previous food, with new lesions appearing after 7 days. Upon returning to the hypoallergenic food, there was new remission of the lesions. This report suggests that food sensitivity may play a role in the control of feline gingivostomatitis, as periods of hypoallergenic diet coincided with the remission of the condition, even without changes in medication. It reinforces the importance of investigating adverse food reactions as clinical signs in the oral cavity of cats.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in dogs is the most common chronic gastrointestinal disease in dogs. Its etiology evolves an aberrant immunological response towards food antigens and indigenous bacteria in the gut bacteria and, consequently, dysbiosis. Prebiotics provide substrates for the growth of beneficial bacteria and promote the production of beneficial fermentation products. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral supplementations of beta-glucans and mannanoligosaccharides (MOSs) over 60 days in fecal microbiota and fecal concentrations of fermentation products in dogs with mild IBD. Eighteen dogs with mild IBD were divided into three experimental groups in a blinded and randomized manner: A—dogs received 0.1% of a beta-glucan-based prebiotic, B—dogs received 0.1% of a MOS + beta-glucan-based prebiotic, and C—dogs received 0.1% of a placebo. Fecal microbiota was analyzed using the latest generation 16S rRNA sequencing (Illumina®). Relative abundances of each taxon were analyzed using a generalized linear model, and fermentation products using a mixed model. A significance level of p was used. The prebiotics positively modulated the bacterial population of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Treatment A improved alpha diversity and populations of beneficial bacteria. Beta-glucan supplementation for 60 days had beneficial effects on modulating intestinal microbiota in dogs with mild IBD.

This paper reports on the design, modeling, and characterization of a multi-resonant, directional, MEMS acoustic sensor. The design builds on previous resonant MEMS sensor designs to broaden the sensor’s usable bandwidth while maintaining a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). These improvements make the sensor more attractive for detecting and tracking sound sources with acoustic signatures that are broader than discrete tones. In-air sensor characterization was conducted in an anechoic chamber. The sensor was characterized underwater in a semi-anechoic pool and in a standing wave tube. The sensor demonstrated a cosine-like directionality, a maximum acoustic sensitivity of 47.6 V/Pa, and a maximum SNR of 88.6 dB, for 1 Pa sound pressure, over the bandwidth of the sensor circuitry (100 Hz–3 kHz). The presented design represents a significant improvement in sensor performance compared to similar resonant MEMS sensor designs. Increasing the sensitivity of a single-resonator design is typically associated with a decrease in bandwidth. This multi-resonant design overcomes that limitation.

The gut microbiome reflects health and predicts possible disease in hosts. A holistic view of this community is needed, focusing on identifying species and dissecting how species interact with their host and each other, regardless of whether their presence is beneficial, inconsequential, or detrimental. The distribution of gut-associated eukaryotes within and across non-human primates is likely driven by host behavior and ecology. To ascertain the existence of free-living amoebae (FLA) in the gut of wild and captive non-human primates, 101 stool samples were collected and submitted to culture-dependent microscopy examination and DNA sequencing. Free-living amoebae were detected in 45.4% (46/101) of fecal samples analyzed, and their morphological characteristics matched those of Acanthamoeba spp., Vermamoeba spp., heterolobosean amoeboflagellates and fan-shaped amoebae of the family Vannellidae. Sequence analysis of the PCR products revealed that the suspected amoebae are highly homologous (99% identity and 100% query coverage) with Acanthamoeba T4 genotype and Vermamoeba vermiformis amoebae. The results showed a great diversity of amoebae in the non-human primate’s microbiome, which may pose a potential risk to the health of NHPs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of free-living amoebae in non-human primates that are naturally infected. However, it is unknown whether gut-borne amoebae exploit a viable ecological niche or are simply transient residents in the gut.

O tema da alimentação escolar, estruturado em torno do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, presente em todos os municípios, defronta-se amplamente com uma série de desafios de implementação. Este estudo propôs-se a levantar diferentes respostas administrativas, políticas e institucionais adotadas, no âmbito da aplicação local dos recursos federais transferidos para promover a compra de alimentos advindos da agricultura familiar, por efeito da Lei nº 11.947/2009. Para tanto, foram escolhidos dois municípios do estado de Minas Gerais que, embora possuam características geográficas similares, registram desempenhos discrepantes no atendimento dessa nova regra. Os casos analisados expressam um conjunto de métodos orientados à compreensão das dinâmicas que cercam o Estado em ação, demonstrando aspectos concretos sobre desafios e potenciais associados à inserção desse público em mercados institucionais.

This paper reports on the design, modeling, analysis, and evaluation of a micro-electromechanical systems acoustic sensor and the novel design of an acoustic vector sensor array (AVS) which utilized this acoustic sensor. This research builds upon previous work conducted to develop a small, lightweight, portable system for the detection and location of quiet or distant acoustic sources of interest. This study also reports on the underwater operation of this sensor and AVS. Studies were conducted in the lab and in the field utilizing multiple acoustic sources (e.g., generated tones, gun shots, drones). The sensor operates at resonance, providing for high acoustic sensitivity and a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The sensor demonstrated a maximum SNR of 88 dB with an associated sensitivity of −84.6 dB re 1 V/μPa (59 V/Pa). The sensor design can be adjusted to set a specified resonant frequency to align with a known acoustic signature of interest. The AVS demonstrated an unambiguous, 360-degree, in-plane, azimuthal coverage and was able to provide an acoustic direction of arrival to an average error of within 3.5° during field experiments. The results of this research demonstrate the potential usefulness of this sensor and AVS design for specific applications.

Abstract With incredibly high carrier mobility and saturation velocity, graphene would be an ideal candidate for a miniaturized solid-state cyclotron radiation source. A planar semicircular graphene arc geometry was investigated for emission in the 0.5–1.5 THz range. Analytical studies, confirmed by finite element simulations, show that the emitted THz frequencies are inversely proportional to the arc radius given a fixed charge-carrier velocity. The simulations show that the desired frequency spectrum can be obtained with design radii ranging from 50 to 150 nm. Interestingly, the radiated spectrum is independent of the frequency of the stimulation of the graphene nano-arcs. The simulations also indicate that the total output power correlates well with the Larmor formulation. The device is expected to emit 1 nW/cm2, which confirms the findings of existing research in this field. Such a design could yield a scalable and cost-effective THz source.

Neste artigo objetivamos apresentar contribuições desde o ecofeminismo como subsídio teórico para a construção da luta dos corpos dissidentes em marcha pelo direito à terra. Para tal, partiremos da investigação acerca da desnaturalização tanto do mundo natural quanto dos desejos, a partir do ecofeminismo queer. Em seguida, incorporamos ao debate a discussão sobre a colonização, visando a destacar que conjuntamente à colonização das sexualidades dos povos originários também se deu a sistematização da cisheterossexualização da terra. Apresentaremos, ainda, a luta encampada pelo Coletivo LGBT Sem Terra como uma expressão que carrega uma luta capaz de desarticular o projeto colonial em vigor. Por fim, sugerimos adotarmos um ecofeminismo cuir como um paradigma teórico que oferece caminhos que semeiam novas formas de compreender os ismos de opressão que assolam as pessoas LGBTI+ em luta pela terra em Abya Yala.

Abstract Background The knowledge of how owners view the body condition of their animals is an important factor for the success of the prevention/treatment of obesity and the engagement/adherence to nutritional interventions, which are fundamental to improve the animal prognosis. For this reason, the objective of this study was to evaluate the perception of the owners regarding the body condition score of their animals, compare the perception between cat vs. dog owners, and owners from the countryside vs. metropolitan region of São Paulo State in Brazil. Results 601 dogs and 110 cats were included in this study. There was no significant difference in body condition score assigned by owners by species. Owners of dogs and cats classified by the veterinarian as ideal, overweight, and obese who disagree with body condition score assigned by veterinarian mainly underestimate the body condition score of their animals, while lean dogs’ owners overestimate it. Countryside dog owners had a higher rate of disagreement with the veterinarian and more often underestimate the body condition score than owners from the metropolitan region. The owners of lean cats have the same judgments with veterinarians. Conclusions Owners of dogs and cats have difficulty assessing the body condition score, especially owners from countryside.

Artigo resultante de pesquisa desenvolvida no curso de Especialização em Educação, Sustentabilidade Social e Ambiental do Programa de Pós-graduação Lato Sensu em Educação do Instituto Federal Catarinense, Campus Camboriú. Tal pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a naturalização do trabalho doméstico como tarefa feminina com o intuito de averiguar a contribuição do estudo do trabalho feminino no debate da Educação Ambiental em uma perspectiva crítica. Adotando a revisão bibliográfica como metodologia, foi realizado um mapeamento bibliográfico com produções disponíveis online, tendo principalmente, como palavras chave: mulher, trabalho doméstico, divisão social e sexual do trabalho. Selecionado os materiais, debruçou-se no estudo das condições de vida em relação ao trabalho de manutenção e reprodução da vida, da mercadoria mais cara do mercado, a força de trabalho, a partir da abordagem marxista. Com base nesse método e nas leituras dos textos, observou-se que a naturalização do fazer doméstico, como função feminina é uma consequência histórica das relações sociais de produção e reprodução da vida humana, de exploração do capital e domínio do patriarcado. Diante disso, esta pesquisa afirma que o término da subjugação feminina em sua totalidade só é possível de ser realizada em sua plenitude com a emancipação universal da humanidade.

Neste artigo, analisamos o caso que ficou conhecido como “Búfalas de Brotas” para introduzir a discussão sobre o conceito de especismo estrutural, situando o especismo como um dos componentes do sistema de opressões. Abordamos o aspecto informacional que envolve o caso por meio das narrativas identificadas na cobertura midiática do acontecimento. Ampliamos o debate para o viés informacional, ressaltando a necessidade da inserção de elementos políticos. Contextualizamos o especismo estrutural como estratégia de elevação do agronegócio que conta com outras instituições de poder como auxiliares no enviesamento da opinião pública, favorecendo a manutenção dos interesses deste setor e sua contínua expansão em detrimento da qualidade de vida de animais não humanos e humanos. Como metodologia, adotamos a revisão bibliográfica, correlacionando o arcabouço teórico dos saberes da Ciência da Informação, Estudos Críticos Animalistas, Ecofeminismos e análise do mencionado caso paradigmático por meio de relatos divulgados pela mídia para apuração da complexa trama que chamamos de “paradoxo da opressão”, envolvendo o movimento de ativismo em defesa da causa animal, a mídia e o agronegócio. Nossas considerações finais nos direcionam ao entendimento do especismo estrutural como um problema de ordem informacional por ser produto de estratégias de desinformação e desempenhar o papel de provimento do senso comum, produção de ignorância e manutenção de estruturas de poder que asseguram sua própria existência como um modo de opressão que impacta animais não humanos e humanos

Obesity is the most common nutritional disorder in dogs and it is associated with many comorbidities. Some obesity risk factors have already been established, however, the evaluation of the effect of different individual variables on weight loss induced by calorie restriction, although very important, is still poorly explored. The weight loss protocol can be updated and improved by more precise and adjusted equations throughout the weight loss program in the clinical routine practice. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze weight loss program dynamics in groups according to reproductive status, age, body size, and breed, as well as to define more accurately the amount of calories per target metabolic weight throughout the program. Data of 1,053 cases, presented between 2012 and 2019 at the Veterinary Hospital of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo (FMVZ-USP) were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 77 obese dogs (body condition scores 8/9 or 9/9) of different ages, breeds, sizes, and reproductive status were selected. These dogs did not have any concomitant illnesses and successfully completed the weight loss program. Statistical analysis was performed and values of p≤0.05 were considered significant. The proposed weight loss program was based on an energy restriction protocol where daily energy intake (in kcal) was estimated as 70 kcal × target weight0.75. The target weight (TW) was defined as 80% of the animal’s current weight. The average calorie intake for weight loss (calories x target weight0.75) was lower for spayed females (62.36), differing from intact males (66.14) and neutered males (65.41), while intact females (63.66) showed intermediate values without differing between groups (p = 0.015). There were no differences between weight loss calories according to age (p = 0.473) or body size (p = 0.084), allowing the use of the same mathematical equation for intact and neutered dogs; for dogs older than 1 year and of different body sizes. Regarding the breed, the average calorie intake was lower (p = 0.002) in mixed breed dogs (61.54xTW0.75) when compared to obesity-prone purebred dogs (64.17xTW0.75) and other purebreds (65.27xTW0.75). It was concluded that spayed females and mixed breed dogs have greater difficulty in losing weight, that is, they need fewer calories per metabolic body weight for the weight loss program to succeed. A more accurate equation for energy requirement for weight loss can improve chances of success, therefore improving compliance and helping clinical management of obesity in dogs.

Introduction: The feet are one the main anatomical site affected by injuries arising from load carriage tasks and can negatively affect the soldier mobility reducing the operational capability of an entire military troops. Objective: Identify the changes in the plantar pressure distribution during standing position carrying a military backpack with 15 kg, 20 kg, 25 kg, and no-load (NL) always comparing with control group; and examining if the combat boots contribute to decreasing the plantar pressure. Methods: Twenty-four active-duty male military (26.4±5.6 years; 171.5±3.6 cm; 75.2±6.0 kg) were evaluated in standing posture using an insole baropodometry system wearing a military backpack. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to check for differences and the Dunnett post hoc test to determine which groups were different from the control (p≤0.05). Results: Data showed a significant decrease in plantar pressure in the forefoot no loaded when we compare barefoot (control = 54.02±19.56 kPa) versus wearing combat boots (35.30±13.00 kPa). With loads there was a significative increase in the plantar pressure only in the rearfoot (control = 74.18±3.80 kPa vs 15 Kg = 89.19±15.49 kPa, 20 Kg = 102.81±15.01 kPa, 25 Kg = 94.20±26.60 kPa). Conclusion: Rearfoot is most affected by the load and boot promoted a significant decrease of plantar pressure in the forefoot in the NL group. Midfoot does not change the plantar pressure. This information can help to minimize the soldier's discomfort.

Abstract Background Hyperlipidaemia is considered a cause of other diseases that are clinically important and potentially life threatening. Combination of pea and barley as exclusive starch sources is known to interfere with glycemic control in diabetic dogs, but their effect on lipid profile of hiperlipidaemic dogs is yet to be evaluated. Twelve adult diabetic dogs were fed three dry extruded diets with different starch sources and different fat levels: peas and barley (PB), maize (Mi), and peas, barley and rice (Ba) with 15.7, 15.6 and 9.0% of their dry matter as fat, respectively. Plasmatic cholesterol and triglycerides concentration curves over 10 h were obtained after 60 days on each diet and with the same NPH insulin dose. ANOVA test or Friedman test were used to compare the dietary effects on triglycerides and cholesterol variables among the diets. Results Dogs presented lower mean (p = 0.05), fasting (p = 0.03), and time 8-h postprandial (p = 0.05) triglyceridemia after PB diet period than Ba diet period and time 4-h postprandial (p = 0.02) lower after PB than Mi diet. Cholesterolemia mean, minimum, maximum, area under the cholesterol curve and times points: 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10-h postprandial, had lower values after PB ingestion in comparison to Mi, without difference to Ba diet. Conclusion Inclusion of pea and barley, as exclusive starch sources, in therapeutic diets for diabetic dogs can minimize plasmatic triglycerides and cholesterol concentration at fasting and at different postprandial time, compared to the maize diet or diet with lesser fat content.

Baseando-se na pesquisa processual em tradução, este estudo objetiva analisar o processo tradutório de tradutores profissionais e estudantes de tradução. Dezessete mestrandos, dentre eles nove tradutores profissionais e oito estudantes sem experiência profissional em tradução, executaram uma tarefa de tradução de um texto jornalístico no par linguístico Chinês mandarim => Português europeu. Antes de executarem a tarefa utilizando o programa Translog (JAKOBSEN; SCHOU, 1999), os participantes responderam a um questionário de perfil. Após finalizarem a tarefa, os participantes relataram livremente sobre seu desempenho no processo tradutório por meio de protocolos verbais retrospectivos livres. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram resultados de pesquisas anteriores (JAKOBSEN, 2002; BUCHWEITZ; ALVES, 2006; PAVLOVIĆ; JENSEN, 2009; JAKOBSEN; JENSEN, 2008) que demonstraram que os tradutores profissionais são mais rápidos que os estudantes de tradução na execução de tarefas de tradução, mas não confirmaram que os tradutores profissionais despendem mais tempo na fase de revisão que os estudantes (JAKOBSEN, 2002; BUCHWEITZ; ALVES, 2006). Além disso, os tradutores profissionais apresentaram maior velocidade de tradução, traduzindo mais palavras por segundo que os estudantes de tradução, mas não foi possível determinar que eles possuem maior nível de metarreflexão que os estudantes.

O presente artigo analisa a relação que fora estabelecida, ao longo do tempo, entre os conceitos de direitos naturais e direitos universais. Elegendo Locke como representante do conceito de direitos naturais, pretendemos apresentar o distanciamento localizado entre os dois conceitos previamente citados. Por fim, temos por pretensão encontrar um caminho que fundamente os direitos humanos enquanto direitos universais a partir da compreensão de Estado e, com isso, se desvinculando da noção metafísica atribuída aos chamados direitos naturais em Locke.

In this paper, we report on the design and characterization of a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) directional sensor inspired by the tympana configuration of the parasitic fly Ormia ochracea. The sensor is meant to be operated at resonance and act as a natural filter for the undesirable frequency bands. By means of breaking the symmetry of a pair of coupled bridged membranes, two independent bending vibrational modes can be excited. The electronic output, obtained by the transduction of the vibration to differential capacitance and then voltage through charge amplifiers, can be manipulated to tailor the frequency response of the sensor. Four different frequency characteristics were demonstrated. The sensor exhibits, at resonance, mechanical sensitivity around 6 μm/Pa and electrical sensitivity around 13 V/Pa. The noise was thoroughly characterized, and it was found that the sensor die, rather than the fundamental vibration, induces the predominant part of the noise. The computed average signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio in the pass band is about 91 dB. This result, in combination with an accurate dipole-like directional response, indicates that this type of directional sensor can be designed to exhibit high SNR and selectable frequency responses demanded by different applications.

Este trabalho teve como objetivos aplicar o modelo hidrológico SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) à bacia hidrográfica do Rio Araranguá e avaliar, por meio de cenários, a influência das atividades agrícolas sobre a distribuição espacial e temporal da disponibilidade hídrica da área estudada. Os cenários estudados foram: I) uso atual, com predominância da rizicultura nas áreas agrícolas; II) substituição da agricultura por reflorestamento; e III) remoção da cobertura vegetal das áreas agrícolas. Os resultados demonstraram a eficiência do modelo em representar o regime hidrológico da área estudada. Além disso, pode-se verificar que a vazão média diária anual foi maior no cenário com solo exposto, sendo esse aumento atribuído à redução da infiltração de água no solo e ao aumento do escoamento superficial. Entretanto, apesar desses resultados, o número de dias em que a vazão diária simulada (Qsim) permaneceu abaixo da mínima observada em 95% do tempo (Q95) foi maior nesse cenário. O cenário com reflorestamento apresentou a menor ocorrência de Qsim < Q95, sugerindo maior regularização de vazão ao longo do ano.

A MEMS directional acoustic sensor housed in an air cavity and operated underwater in a near-neutral buoyancy configuration is demonstrated. The sensor consists of two wings connected by a bridge and attached to a substrate by two centrally mounted torsional legs. The frequency response showed two resonant peaks corresponding to a rocking mode (wings moving in opposite directions) and a bending mode (wings moving in the same direction). Initial tests of the sensor using a shaker table showed that the response is highly dependent on the vibration direction. In air, the sensor showed a maximum sensitivity of about 95 mV/Pa with a cosine directional response. Underwater, the maximum sensitivity was about 37 mV/Pa with a similar cosine directional response. The measured maximum SNR was about 38 dB for a signal generated by a sound stimulus of 1 Pa when the sensor is operated near the bending resonance. The results indicate that this type of MEMS sensor can be operated in a near-neutral buoyant configuration and achieve a good directional response.

In November 2017, on the occasion of the UNESCO World Philosophy Day, the UNESCO Archai Chair of the Postgraduate Program in Metaphysics of the University of Brasilia organized a Unesco hangout around the theme of Philosophy, Gender and Feminism. Several Brazilian teachers, specialists in these subjects, have signed up. The full Hangout Recording is available at https://youtu.be/LH5LwTegGG4. Below is a transcript, revised and adapted by the authors.

Este trabalho tem o propósito de investigar a produção do sujeito no contexto escolar neoliberal, a partir de Michel Foucault. Para tal, analisaremos de que maneira os dispositivos disciplinares atuam sobre os corpos desses sujeitos no contexto escolar como um todo para que, em um segundo momento, se possa refletir sobre as especificidades desses dispositivos no contexto neoliberal. Tal equação se traduz na forma do binômio: construir/fabricar sujeitos, compreendido também pelo processo de subjetivação. Portanto, este trabalho objetiva analisar os conceitos de disciplina e subjetivação em Foucault como forma de melhor compreender as influências do contexto neoliberal nos espaços de ensino contemporâneos. Palavras-chave: Escola. Subjetivação. Disciplina. Discipline and Subjectivation: the subject in the neoliberal school context ABSTRACT This work aims to investigate the formation of the subject in Michel. Foucault. To do so, we will analyze how disciplinary devices act on the bodies on these subjects in the school context, then in a second moment we can reflect on specificities of these devices in the neoliberal context. This equation translates itself into the binomial form: frame / create subjects, understood also by the process of subjectivation. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the concepts of discipline and subjectivation in Foucault in a way to better understand the influences of the neoliberal context in contemporary educational spaces. Keywords: School. Subjectivation. Discipline. Disciplina y Subjetivación: del sujeto en el contexto escolar neoliberal RESUMEN Este trabajo tiene el propósito de investigar la producción del sujeto en el contexto escolar neoliberal, a partir de Michel Foucault. Para ello, analizaremos de qué manera los dispositivos disciplinares actúan sobre los cuerpos de esos sujetos en el contexto escolar como un todo para que, en un segundo momento, podamos reflexionar sobre las especificidades de esos dispositivos en el contexto neoliberal. Esta ecuación se traduce en la forma del binomio: construir / fabricar sujetos, comprendido también por el proceso de subjetivación. Por lo tanto, este trabajo objetiva analizar los conceptos de disciplina y subjetivación en Foucault como forma de comprender mejor las influencias del contexto neoliberal en los espacios de enseñanza contemporáneos. Palabras clave: Escuela. La subjetividade. La disciplina.

Abstract Most commercially available cochlear implants and hearing aids use microphones as sensors for capturing the external sound field. These microphones are in general located in an external element, which is also responsible for processing the sound signal. However, the presence of the external element is the cause of several problems such as discomfort, impossibility of being used during physical activities and sleeping, and social stigma. These limitations have driven studies with the goal of developing totally implantable hearing devices, and the design of an implantable sensor has been one of the main challenges to be overcome. Different designs of implantable sensors can be found in the literature and in some commercial implantable hearing aids, including different transduction mechanisms (capacitive, piezoelectric, electromagnetic, etc), configurations microphones, accelerometers, force sensor, etc) and locations (subcutaneous or middle ear). In this work, a detailed technical review of such designs is presented and a general classification is proposed. The technical characteristics of each sensors are presented and discussed in view of the main requirements for an implantable sensor for hearing devices, including sensitivity, internal noise, frequency bandwidth and energy consumption. The feasibility of implantation of each sensor is also evaluated and compared.

Stochastic methods can be used in problem solving and explanation of natural phenomena through the application of statistical procedures. The article aims to associate the regression analysis and systems simulation, in order to facilitate the practical understanding of data analysis. The algorithms were developed in Microsoft Office Excel software, using statistical techniques such as regression theory, ANOVA and Cholesky Factorization, which made it possible to create models of single and multiple systems with up to five independent variables. For the analysis of these models, the Monte Carlo simulation and analysis of industrial performance indicators were used, resulting in numerical indices that aim to improve the goals’ management for compliance indicators, by identifying systems’ instability, correlation and anomalies. The analytical models presented in the survey indicated satisfactory results with numerous possibilities for industrial and academic applications, as well as the potential for deployment in new analytical techniques.

Discussões sobre moralidade e justiça no campo internacional frequentemente, quando rejeitam a teoria realista, acabam adotando duas posições gerais possíveis: comunitaristas ou cosmopolitas. Cada qual prioriza diferentes modos de interpretação de direitos e obrigações e possuem variantes. Para a discussão aqui proposta, perceber em que medida a soberania nacional se faz valer de alguns pressupostos importantes da perspectiva comunitarista que, aqui alocada, chamaremos de defensores do estado-nação, é fundamental para compreender o modo como o estado-nação vem sendo destacado como o ator primordial das discussões no âmbito internacional. Para tal, procuraremos situar essa perspectiva em dois momentos. Ambas terão como fio condutor a leitura de um dos maiores defensores dessa perspectiva nos debates atuais sobre o tema, David Miller. No primeiro momento será analisada a obra “On Nationality” e, posteriormente, “National Responsibility and Global Justice” de modo que seja possível identificarmos mais profundamente o conceito de nacionalidade defendido por Miller e como ele se apresenta diante dos desafios globais atuais, seus avanços e também limites.

This study aims to analyze the economic and financial viability of an investment project aiming at building a corn and soybeans storage facility. The study arises from the need of integrating the storage industry with the production of a mid-sized company and due to the constant search for alternatives to reduce their production costs. The objectives are essential for the company to remain competitive in the market facing the limited resources and the strong competition. Thus, for this paper, an exploratory study with a qualitative approach with questionnaires was developed. The process mapping, market research and scenario analysis complemented this study. The research findings indicate, generally, that producers consider the use of investment analysis techniques in the development of new projects important. Among the techniques used, the following were considered to be the most significant: Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback (PB), and the Cost- -Benefit ratio (C / B) as a measure of risk.

Chronic kidney disease is a common disease in dogs, and factors such as serum concentrations of creatinine, albumin, and phosphorus at the moment of diagnosis may influence the survival of these patients. The present retrospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between survival in dogs with chronic kidney disease and laboratory parameters (creatinine, phosphorus, albumin, and hematocrit) and nutritional parameters (body condition score, muscle mass score, type of food, appetite and feeding method). A total of 116 dogs with chronic kidney disease stages 2 to 4 were included, and survival was calculated considering the time between diagnosis and death. Survival curves were configurated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and a comparison between survival curves was performed by the log-rank test. Factors related to survival were disease stage (p

The objective of this study was to evaluate the macronutrients composition, fatty acid and amino acid profiles, and essential minerals content of all vegan foods for dogs and cats available in the Brazilian market, and to compare results with FEDIAF (2019) and AAFCO (2019) recommendations. Four vegan pet foods were assessed (three for dogs and one for cats). The comparisons were made in a descriptive manner. All foods met the minimum recommendations for macronutrients. Arachidonic acid was not reported in any food label. Regarding the FEDIAF recommendations, one food for dogs had low calcium, another had low potassium and a third had low sodium. The cat food presented potassium content lower than recommended. The Ca:P ratio did not meet the minimum recommendation of FEDIAF (2019) and AAFCO (2019) in any of the dog's foods analyzed, and the cat food also did not present the minimum recommendation based on FEDIAF (2019). Copper concentrations exceeded the legal limit in all foods. Zinc concentrations exceeded this limit in two foods (one for dogs and one for cats) and iron levels exceeded the legal limit in one dog food. One of the dog foods did not meet the minimum recommendation for methionine and the cat food did not meet the minimum recommendation for arginine. In addition, when the amount of nutrients consumed by animals with low energy requirements was simulated, in addition to the same non-conformities described above, it was observed that the cat food does not meet the minimum recommended of protein and taurine in unit/Kg0.67. It was concluded that all foods analyzed had one or more nutrients below the recommended levels and some presented zinc and copper excess, therefore, these foods should not be recommended for dogs and cats, because dietary deficiencies found may lead to health risks for dogs and cats. Furthermore, manufacturers should review their formulations to ensure the nutritional adequacy of these foods.

Canine obesity is associated with genetic, environmental, and behavioural factors, with the latter including both the behaviour of the dog and the owner. Knowledge about owner perception of canine obesity and its treatment can inform the development of new strategies to help prevent and manage this disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the opinions of dog owners regarding canine obesity and weight management. Dog owners residing in the city of Sao Paulo (Brazil) completed a questionnaire, either at home or in the waiting rooms of 3 veterinary hospitals. Owners determined their dog's body condition score (BCS), and this was compared with BCS determined by a veterinarian. Questionnaire findings from dogs that were in overweight (BCS 6-7/9) or obese (BCS (8-9/9) condition were compared with those in ideal weight (4-5/9) using chi-square tests and odds ratios. A total of 926 dogs were included, of which 480 (52%), 317 (34%) and 129 (14%) were in ideal, overweight and obese condition, respectively. Many owners under-estimated their dog's weight status, with the proportion increasing as the dog's weight status increased (ideal 60/480, 13%; overweight 174/317, 55%; obese 88/129, 68%; P

Introdução: Em formaturas militares a posição ortostática (em pé), com a máxima imobilidade, é um fator exigido e, muitas vezes, suportando cargas externas. Para se adaptar a este esforço alterações fisiológicas são necessárias, porém podem ser prejudiciais. Entretanto, para tornar a atividade menos desgastante e sem comprometer a marcialidade do cerimonial militar, ajustes posturais podem ser sugeridos. Objetivo: Observar as alterações de frequência cardíaca máxima (FCMáx), percentual de saturação de oxigênio (%SatO2), perímetro da panturrilha (PP), percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) e de percepção de conforto, comparando períodos de permanência na posição ortostática com e sem breve período de livre postura e com e sem sobrecarga de peso externo. Métodos: Estudo experimental de seção transversal, modelo cross-over, do qual participaram 24 militares do sexo masculino. Foram executados dois protocolos (P1 e P2) simulando uma formatura de 33 minutos, em pé, com a máxima imobilidade, com carga externa (mochila operacional). Em ambos, foram executados comandos de “sentido e descansar” a cada 5 minutos, porém, somente em P2 os sujeitos puderam retirar a carga externa e permanecer em livre postura por 5 minutos. Foram realizadas medidas de FCmáx (bpm), %SatO2 (%), PP (cm), PSE e percepção de conforto. Foram realizados testes estatísticos ANOVA de medidas repetidas, ANOVA fatorial, U de Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Houve aumento no PP, com diferença estatística significativa entre o minuto 13 (38,75 ± 5,91cm) e o minuto 33 (37,67 ± 4,62cm) em P1 (protocolo sem intervalo para “período de livre postura”), mas o mesmo não ocorreu em P2. Observou-se um aumento mais acentuado na FCmáx ao longo do tempo em P1, foram encontradas diferenças significativas apenas em P1, em todos os momentos após M16 (M21 = 80,58 ± 13,49 bpm; M26 = 79,08 ± 10,61 bpm; M31 = 83,67 ± 11,77 bpm e M33 = 80,00 ± 12,80 bpm) em relação ao primeiro minuto (M1=71,71 ± 15,29 bpm). Não houve diferenças no %SatO2. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa na PSE, nem na percepção de conforto entre os protocolos. Conclusão: Um período de 5 minutos, com livre postura e sem a mochila operacional, em formatura militar, parece ter um efeito protetor em relação a alguns efeitos fisiológicos causados por este tipo de esforço, embora não pareça influenciar na percepção de esforço e percepção de conforto entre militares. Physiological Changes, Perceived Exertion and Perceived Comfort During Military Parade: An Experimental StudyIntroduction: Introduction: In military graduations the individual must be in an orthostatic (standing) position, with maximum immobility and, often, bearing external loads. To adapt to this effort, physiological changes occur which can be harmful. However, strategies can be adopted to alleviate these changes, making the activity less exhausting, without compromising the martial nature of the military ceremonial. Objective: Observe changes in maximal heart rate (HRmax), oxygen saturation percentage (% SatO2), calf girth (CG), subjective exertion perception (SEP) and comfort perception, comparing periods of standing in the standing position with and without a short period of free posture and with and without external weight overload.Introduction: Introduction: In military graduations the individual must be in an orthostatic (standing) position, with maximum immobility and, often, bearing external loads. To adapt to this effort, physiological changes occur which can be harmful. However, strategies can be adopted to alleviate these changes, making the activity less exhausting, without compromising the martial nature of the military ceremonial. Methods: Experimental cross-sectional study, cross-over model, involving 24 male military personnel. Two protocols were executed (P1 and P2) simulating a 33-minute standing graduation, with maximum immobility, with external load (operational backpack). In both protocols, "sense and rest" commands were executed every 5 minutes, but only in P2 the subjects could remove the external load and remain in a relaxed position for 5 minutes, in the sixteenth minute of the simulation. Measurements of maximum heart rate - HRmax (bpm), percentage of oxygen saturation -% SatO2 (%), calf perimeter - PP (cm), subjective perception of effort (PSE) and comfort were performed. Statistical tests were performed using repeated measures ANOVA, factorial ANOVA, U de Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon and Spearman correlation Results: An increase in calf circumference was found, with a significant statistical difference between minute 13 (38,75 ± 5,91cm) and minute 33 (37,67 ± 4,62cm) in P1 (protocol no rest for "period of free posture ), but the same did not occur in P2. A more pronounced increase in heart rate over time was observed in P1, significant differences were found only in P1, at all times after the interval (M21 = 80,58 ± 13,49 bpm; M26 = 79,08 ± 10,61 bpm; M31 = 83,67 ± 11,77 bpm e M33 = 80,00 ± 12,80 bpm) in relation to the first minute (M1=71,71 ± 15,29 bpm). There were no differences in % SatO2. No significant difference was found in PSE, but it was found in the perception of comfort. Conclusion: A period of free posture during for 5 minutes without the backpack operational, in military parade, seems to have an effect protection against some physiological effects caused by this type of effort, although it not seems to influence the perception of effort and perception of comfort in military personnel.

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the Adipose Stem Cells (ACS) therapy efficacy on the time and quality of wound healing process in rats. METHODS: Nine male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups I) 7 days of healing; II) 14 days of healing; III) 21 days of healing. Four incisions were made on the dorsal surface of each rat and then treated with intralesional ACS, meloxicam, and no treatment and ACS+meloxicam. Macroscopic evaluation was measured by percentage of healing and histopathological by hematoxylin-eosin was performed. RESULTS: All groups have the wound reduced during the three weeks (p

This article presents the development of a business game model referring to an industry that produces three types of skateboards, considering the production and financial sectors in particular, in order to train Production Engineering students. The game simulates the performance of five companies in an environment where they compete with each other in a market that has a specific demand for each type of skateboard. Players manage material and financial resources in order to obtain higher profits at the end of each period. The model was programmed in Microsoft Excel 2007 and applied to students who attended the ninth and tenth period of the Production Engineering course. The results showed that the use of the business game improves the participants understanding of how to manage a company, due to the competitive and dynamic environment into which the students are inserted, in addition to encouraging them to make better decisions in order to obtain the highest possible profit.

The enteric protist Blastocystis is one of the most frequently reported parasites infecting both humans and many other animal hosts worldwide. A remarkable genetic diversity has been observed in the species, with 17 different subtypes (STs) on a molecular phylogeny based on small subunit RNA genes (SSU rDNA). Nonetheless, information regarding its distribution, diversity and zoonotic potential remains still scarce, especially in groups other than primates. In Brazil, only a few surveys limited to human isolates have so far been conducted on Blastocystis STs. The aim of this study is to determine the occurrence of Blastocystis subtypes in non-human vertebrate and invertebrate animal groups in different areas of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 334 stool samples were collected from animals representing 28 different genera. Blastocystis cultivated samples were subtyped using nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses and BLAST searches revealed six subtypes: ST5 (28.8%), ST2 (21.1%), ST1 and ST8 (19.2%), ST3 (7.7%) and ST4 (3.8%). Our findings indicate a considerable overlap between STs in humans and other animals. This highlights the importance of investigating a range of hosts for Blastocystis to understand the eco-epidemiological aspects of the parasite and its host specificity.

In this work, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based directional acoustic sensors operating in an underwater environment are explored. The studied sensors consist of a free-standing single wing or two wings pivoted to a substrate. The sensors operate in a narrow frequency band determined by the resonant frequency of the mechanical structure. The electronic readout of the mechanical response is obtained using interdigitated comb finger capacitors attached to the wings. The characteristics of MEMS sensors immersed in silicone oil are simulated using finite element modeling. The performance of the sensors is evaluated both in air and underwater. For underwater testing and operation, the sensors are packaged in a housing containing silicone oil, which was specially developed to present near unity acoustic transmission. The measurements show that the resonant frequency of the sensors obtained in air shifts to a lower frequency when immersed in silicone oil, which is primarily due to the mass loading of the liquid. The peak sensitivity of the MEMS sensors is approximately 6 mV/Pa or −165 dB re 1 V/μPa, and the directional response shows a dipole pattern. The signal-to-noise ratio was found to be about 200 or 23 dB at 1 Pa incident sound pressure. The results show the potential of MEMS sensors to be used in underwater applications for sound source localization.

Este artigo pretende defender a urgência de promovermos uma revisão ampla do viés antropocêntrico que tem marcado os conteúdos programáticos das diversas disciplinas oferecidas nas escolas brasileiras, nos mais diversos segmentos. Nesse sentido, aposta em uma reflexão acerca da fundamentação ética sobre como os animais não-humanos vem sendo apresentados nos diversos espaços formais de ensino. Creditamos que a consolidação do debate ambiental entorno de temas como lixo, poluição, saúde e conservação de espécies reitera o antropocentrismo e contribui para a inviabilização de demandas próprias aos animais e ao meio ambiente. Trata-se, assim, de conduzir o debate a um novo paradigma, qual seja: a busca por uma forma de educação não-especista. Para isso, pretendemos, em primeiro lugar, apresentar conceitos básicos convergentes da ética animal e ambiental, de modo a podermos identificar a questão relativa ao valor relacional presente no debate ambiental. A partir de um olhar diferenciado sobre o lugar dos animais e do meio-ambiente, pretendemos defender uma proposta pedagógica que assuma o papel de questionar as diversas formas de injustiças cometidas contra animais e meio ambiente e, ao mesmo tempo, apresentar a noção de capacidade imaginativa, capaz de estimular os indivíduos a refletirem sobre a relação humano-meio ambiente e humano-animal de forma mais empática, através da mobilização de recursos visuais, tais como filmes e fotografias.

ABSTRACT: Urolithiasis is a common disorder in the veterinary clinic and is considered as one of the most frequently cause of morbidity. This disorder is closely associated with urinary pH and nutrition plays a key role in the control of this disease, because through dietary manipulation it is possible to modify the urinary pH. Sulfur is considered macroelement with a strong influence on the acid-base status and may be crucial to control urinary pH in cats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of addition of different sources of sulfur (S) in the diet of cats on the urinary parameters and acid-base balance. Forty-two healthy adult cats were divided into 3 groups, and each group of 14 cats received 7 diets in a complete randomized block design. Calcium sulfate (CaSO4), DL-methionine (DLM) and methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) were added to a control diet in two levels (1.28g S/kg and 2.56g S/kg) to formulate 6 other experimental diets. The acid-base balance was evaluated by hemogasometry in samples of venous blood. The DLM at the highest level and MHA differed of the control diet in relation to urinary pH (P

Este artigo situa a tradução no espaço teórico de uma linguística com potencial de aplicação e se propõe a desenvolver uma reflexão sobre as bases epistemológicas e paradigmáticas em que se apoiam as pesquisas sobre competência tradutória. Para tanto, o artigo discute inicialmente as bases epistemológicas e paradigmáticas dos estudos sobre a tradução como atividade cognitiva (O'Brien 2013, Alves 2015). Em seguida, analisa os modelos de competência tradutória propostos por PACTE (1998, 2003), Gonçalves (2003/2005) e Alves e Gonçalves (2007) para refletir criticamente sobre a relação desses modelos com campos disciplinares correlatos, quais sejam, as ciências cognitivas e os estudos sobre conhecimento experto. A título de conclusão, o artigo defende uma visão da cognição humana enquanto ação situada em estreita relação com os processos dinâmicos e complexos que caracterizam a competência tradutória. Nesse sentido, o artigo busca caracterizar a competência tradutória no âmbito de um modelo de linguagem amplo e capaz de ser aplicado a problemas concretos.

Plants have evolved a variety of means to energetically sense and respond to abiotic and biotic environmental stress. Two typical photochemical signaling responses involve the emission of volatile organic compounds and light. The emission of certain leaf wound volatiles and light are mutually dependent upon oxygen which is subsequently required for the wound-induced lipoxygenase reactions that trigger the formation of fatty acids and hydroperoxides; ultimately leading to photon emission by chlorophyll molecules. A low noise photomultiplier with sensitivity in the visible spectrum (300-720 nm) is used to continuously measure long duration ultraweak photon emission of dark-adapting whole Spathiphyllum leaves (in vivo). Leaves were mechanically wounded after two hours of dark adaptation in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. It was found that (1) nitrogen incubation did not affect the pre-wound basal photocounts; (2) wound induced leaf biophoton emission was significantly suppressed when under anoxic stress; and (3) the aerobic wound induced emission spectra observed was > 650 nm, implicating chlorophyll as the likely emitter. Limitations of the PMT photocathode's radiant sensitivity, however, prevented accurate analysis from 700-720 nm. Further examination of leaf wounding profile photon counts revealed that the pre-wounding basal state (aerobic and anoxic), the anoxic wounding state, and the post-wounding aerobic state statistics all approximate a Poisson distribution. It is additionally observed that aerobic wounding induces two distinct exponential decay events. These observations contribute to the body of plant wound-induced luminescence research and provide a novel methodology to measure this phenomenon in vivo.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that results in hyperglycemia by absolute or relative insulin deficiency, sometimes leading to fatal complications. The successful treatment of diabetic dogs depends on nutritional management and insulin applications. Studies evaluating the nutrition of diabetic dogs focused on fiber as the main factor in glycemic control; however, new research describes the role of starch as key in postprandial glycemic fluctuation, also attributing a central role for body condition scores and feed management in the adequate glycemic control of diabetic dogs. The aim of this paper is to review nutritional aspects to better control diabetes in dogs.

Uma das questões mais interessantes do debate contemporâneo sobre a justiça, no âmbito da teoria política normativa, diz respeito sobre qual foco deveria ocupar a posição central de uma visão igualitarista: igualdade baseada em satisfação de necessidades básicas, bens primários como propõe Rawls, igualdade de recursos como defende Dworkin ou, como quer Amartya Sen, igualdade de capacidades? Com o que, afinal, os igualitaristas deveriam se preocupar? Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar criticamente essas três perspectivas.

O presente artigo objetiva apontar como o crescimento do número de sujeitos religiosos pentecostais, em movimentos sociais de reivindicação de reforma agrária, favorece a emergência de um processo pós-colonial desses atores. Dialogamos com a temática da sociologia das ausências, sustentada por Boaventura de Sousa Santos, que aponta explicitamente a colonização em estudos que constroem teoricamente a inexistência política de identidades. Partimos do pressuposto de que, sobretudo em estudos brasileiros, há uma tendência em "invisibilizar" os elementos emancipatórios do pentecostalismo, latentes nas afirmações de dogmatismo e comunitarismo, o que leva tais estudos a não apreenderem outras facetas de um jogo de diálogos, equivalências e demandas articulatórias que imprimem uma ação contestatória, coletiva e híbrida dos pentecostais. A nossa hipótese principal a ser testada é a de que tem surgido um novo ator social pentecostal que re-elabora sua prática de fé no ato de ocupação de terra.

Recently a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)-based circuit that generates self-terminating voltage pulses was employed for the detection of light and ionizing radiation in pulse mode. The circuit consisted of a SCR connected in series with a RC load and DC bias. In this paper, we report the investigation of the physics underlying the pulsing mechanism of the SCR-based. It was found that during the switching of SCR, the voltage across the capacitor increased beyond that of the DC bias, thus generating a reverse current in the circuit, which helped to turn the SCR off. The pulsing was found to be sustainable only for a specific range of RC values depending on the SCR’s intrinsic turn-on/off times. The findings of this work will help to design optimum SCR based circuits for pulse mode detection of light and ionizing radiation without external amplification circuitry.

Na literatura sobre redes empresariais tem-se notado a importância de dois temas interligados: competitividade e gestão tecnológica. Atualmente, a competitividade interfirmas é dependente dos investimentos em tecnologias realizados pelas empresas individuais que, por sua vez, estão baseados, primariamente, nos padrões de comportamento da demanda. Em relação ao ambiente interno das empresas que compõem a rede, os padrões de competitividade (que são derivados dos padrões de demanda) são usados como referenciais para se determinar as "melhores práticas" e as tecnologias organizacionais que otimizam o desempenho competitivo das empresas - e, conseqüentemente, o desempenho do arranjo interorganizacional. A proposição de uma metodologia para aumentar a competitividade da rede através de investimentos tecnológicos adequados - bem como sua aplicação em um arranjo interfirmas pertencente ao setor citrícola - representam os objetivos desse artigo.The business network literature has cited the importance of two interlinked themes: competitiveness and technological management. Nowadays, interfirm competitiveness is dependent on investments in technologies made by individual enterprises that are based primarily on the patterns of demand behavior. Regarding the internal environment of companies that compose the network, competitiveness patterns (that derive from demand patterns) are used as references to determine the "best practices" and organizational technologies that optimize the competitive performance of companies - and, consequently, the performance of interorganisational network. The proposal of a methodology to increase the network competitiveness by appropriate technological investments - as well as the application of this methodology in an interfirm arrangement belonging to the citrus segment - represent the objectives of this paper.

The aim of this paper is to discuss some developments in empirical translation research with an experimental and cognitive perspective. The focus is on the activities and research of the network TREC (Translation, Research, Empiricism, Cognition). The network was formed in 2011, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and led by PACTE (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona). It consists of translation scholars and research groups united by their common interest in empirical and experimental research, particularly in relation to the cognitive operations that underlie the task of translating. The paper first gives a short general overview of research on translation as a cognitive activity and outlines the objectives of the TREC network. The network members, representing universities from Argentina, Brazil, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA, then present their most important contributions to cognitively oriented research (topics, methods, results). Finally, some conclusions are drawn and perspectives for future research are outlined.

Building on studies of cognitive segmentation in translation and on the emergence of new modes of production with the advent of translation technologies (Dragsted, 2004), this article presents the structure and design of a research project which aims at investigating the impact of translation technology on human cognition. By reviewing the literature on cognitive segmentation in translation and on translation technology, it discusses the possible implications that the use of translation memory systems may have on the performance of translators.