Author: "Fabien Dorchies" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Fabien Dorchies"' showing total 149 results

Start Over Author "Fabien Dorchies"

149 results on '"Fabien Dorchies"'

1. Demonstration of a robust laser-driven X-ray source for CT

Author: Benjamin Barbrel, Emile Barjou, Antoine Courjaud, Fabien Dorchies, Pauline Lehoux, Francesca Mastropietro, Panyi Song, and Aboubakr Bakkali
Subjects: Technology
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Non-thermal structural transformation of diamond driven by x-rays

Author: Philip Heimann, Nicholas J. Hartley, Ichiro Inoue, Victor Tkachenko, Andre Antoine, Fabien Dorchies, Roger Falcone, Jérôme Gaudin, Hauke Höppner, Yuichi Inubushi, Konrad J. Kapcia, Hae Ja Lee, Vladimir Lipp, Paloma Martinez, Nikita Medvedev, Franz Tavella, Sven Toleikis, Makina Yabashi, Toshinori Yabuuchi, Jumpei Yamada, and Beata Ziaja
Subjects: Crystallography, QD901-999
Abstract: Intense x-ray pulses can cause the non-thermal structural transformation of diamond. At the SACLA XFEL facility, pump x-ray pulses triggered this phase transition, and probe x-ray pulses produced diffraction patterns. Time delays were observed from 0 to 250 fs, and the x-ray dose varied from 0.9 to 8.0 eV/atom. The intensity of the (111), (220), and (311) diffraction peaks decreased with time, indicating a disordering of the crystal lattice. From a Debye–Waller analysis, the rms atomic displacements perpendicular to the (111) planes were observed to be significantly larger than those perpendicular to the (220) or (311) planes. At a long time delay of 33 ms, graphite (002) diffraction indicates that graphitization did occur above a threshold dose of 1.2 eV/atom. These experimental results are in qualitative agreement with XTANT+ simulations using a hybrid model based on density-functional tight-binding molecular dynamics.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Imagerie par contraste de phase avec source laser : principe, technique et applications cliniques potentielles

Author: Francesca Mastropietro, Aboubakr Bakkali, Benjamin Barbrel, Léonie Alran, Jérôme Caron, Ombeline de la Rochefoucauld, Antoine Courjaud, Fabien Dorchies, and Foucauld Chamming's
Subjects: Surgery
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. A novel robust pulsed laser driven x-ray source suitable for medical application

Author: Panyi Song, Benjamin Barbrel, Fabien Dorchies, and Antoine COURJAUD
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. A Compact Robust Laser Driven X-ray Source for Phase Contrast Imaging

Author: Panyi SONG, Benjamin BARBREL, Fabien DORCHIES, and Antoine COURJAUD
Abstract: We present on a XPS (X-ray Plasma Source) driven by an ultrafast laser delivering 25 mJ, 1.7 ps at 100 Hz. This source emitted at 17 keV from a 20x33 µm2 spot, particularly adapted to phase contrast imaging for mammography.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Ultrafast Thermal Melting in Nonequilibrium Warm Dense Copper

Author: N. Jourdain, V. Recoules, P. Renaudin, Fabien Dorchies, L. Lecherbourg, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Phase transition, Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Copper, Molecular physics, law.invention, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Femtosecond, 010306 general physics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Ultrashort pulse, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The ultrafast dynamics of the loss of crystalline periodicity is investigated in femtosecond laser heated warm dense copper, by the original use of x-ray absorption near-edge specific structures just above the $L3$ edge. The characteristic time is observed near 1 ps, for specific energy density ranging from 1 to $5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MJ}/\mathrm{kg}$, using ps-resolution x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The overall experimental data are well reproduced with two-temperature hydrodynamic simulations, supporting a thermal phase transition.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Proof-of-concept Talbot-Lau x-ray interferometry with a high-intensity, high-repetition-rate, laser-driven K-alpha source

Author: V. Bouffetier, M. P. Valdivia, T. Goudal, Luke Ceurvorst, Sebastien Hulin, Fabien Dorchies, Alexis Casner, Dan Stutman, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, business.industry, Phase (waves), Grating, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Interferometry, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Phase retrieval, Biological imaging, business, Engineering (miscellaneous), Image resolution, Refractive index
Abstract: Talbot–Lau x-ray interferometry is a grating-based phase-contrast technique, which enables measurement of refractive index changes in matter with micrometric spatial resolution. The technique has been established using a variety of hard x-ray sources, including synchrotron, free-electron lasers, and x-ray tubes, and could be used in the optical range for low-density plasmas. The tremendous development of table-top high-power lasers makes the use of high-intensity, laser-driven K-alpha sources appealing for Talbot–Lau interferometer applications in both high-energy-density plasma experiments and biological imaging. To this end, we present the first, to the best of our knowledge, feasibility study of Talbot–Lau phase-contrast imaging using a high-repetition-rate laser of moderate energy (100 mJ at a repetition rate of 10 Hz) to irradiate a copper backlighter foil. The results from up to 900 laser pulses were integrated to form interferometric images. A constant fringe contrast of 20% is demonstrated over 100 accumulations, while the signal-to-noise ratio continued to increase with the number of shots. Phase retrieval is demonstrated without prior ex-situ phase stepping. Instead, correlation matrices are used to compensate for the displacement between reference acquisition and the probing of a PMMA target rod. The steps for improved measurements with more energetic laser systems are discussed. The final results are in good agreement with the theoretically predicted outcomes, demonstrating the applicability of this diagnostic to a range of laser facilities for use across several disciplines.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Understanding XANES spectra of two-temperature warm dense copper using ab initio simulations

Author: Fabien Dorchies, P. Renaudin, V. Recoules, N. Jourdain, L. Lecherbourg, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Materials science, Ab initio, chemistry.chemical_element, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Plasma, Edge (geometry), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Copper, Molecular physics, Physics - Plasma Physics, XANES, Spectral line, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
Abstract: Using ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations combined with linear-response theory, we studied the x-ray absorption near-edge spectra (XANES) of a two-temperature dense copper plasma. As the temperature increases, XANES spectra exhibit a pre-edge structure balanced by a reduction of the absorption just behind the edge. By performing systematic simulations for various thermodynamic conditions, we establish a formulation to deduce the electronic temperature Te directly from the spectral integral of the pre-edge that can be used for various thermodynamic conditions encountered in a femtosecond heating experiment where thermal non equilibrium and expanded states have to be considered., Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures submitted to Physical Review B
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy study of warm dense MgO

Author: Stephane Mazevet, N. J. Hartley, R. Bolis, Fabien Dorchies, Alessandra Ravasio, V. Recoules, F. Remus, Erik Brambrink, M. Guarguaglini, Tommaso Vinci, François Guyot, Norimasa Ozaki, J. Bouchet, N. Jourdain, R. Musella, Alessandra Benuzzi-Mounaix, J.-A. Hernandez, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photon Pioneers Center, Osaka University, Osaka University [Osaka], Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-16-CE31-0008,POMPEI,Propriétés de Mélanges de H2ONH3CH4 d'interet pour les intérieurs planétaires et les exoplanètes.(2016), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Graduate School of Engineering Science [Osaka], Osaka University, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Institut de minéralogie et de physique des milieux condensés (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Graduate School of Engineering Science, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Saclay-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Shock wave, Metallization process, Band gap, Ionic bonding, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Spectral line, Shock waves, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Phase diagram, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], High-density liquid, Lasers, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, XANES, Laser plasma interactions, Phase transitions, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; We report time-resolved X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) measurements of warm dense MgO. We used a high power nanosecond pulse to drive a strong uniform shock wave into an MgO sample, and a picosecond pulse to generate a broadband X-ray source near the Mg K-edge. We used this setup to obtain XANES spectra across a large area of the phase diagram, with densities up to 6.8 g/cc and temperatures up to 30 000 K, conditions at which no prior investigations of electronic and ionic structure exist. Our XANES results, together with quantum molecular dynamic simulations, demonstrate that the sample metallizes due to the bandgap closure as it melts, after which it shows typical behavior for a disordered ionic liquid. Published under license by AIP Publishing. https://doi.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Generation of a large compressive strain wave in graphite by ultrashort-pulse laser irradiation

Author: Martin Nors Pedersen, A. Jurgilaitis, Xiaocui Wang, Jörgen Larsson, Michael Wulff, Amélie Jarnac, Henrik Enquist, Fabien Dorchies, Chien Ming Tu, J. C. Ekström, U.J. Bengtsson, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Stress (mechanics), Crystal, law, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QD901-999, Graphite, Composite material, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Materials, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ultrashort pulse laser, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Radiation, Laser ablation, Articles, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Pulse (physics), lcsh:Crystallography, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: We have studied strain wave generation in graphite induced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse. The study was performed in the intensity regime above the ablation threshold of graphite. The aim was to maximize the strain and, thus, also the internal pressure (stress). Laser pulses with a 1 ps temporal duration melt the surface of graphite resulting in a molten material which initially exists at the solid density. As the molten material expands, a compressive strain wave starts propagating into the crystal below the molten layer. The strain pulse was studied with time-resolved X-ray diffraction. At a temporal delay of 100 ps after laser excitation, we observed >10% compressive strain, which corresponds to a pressure of 7.2 GPa. This strain could be reproduced by hydrodynamic simulations, which also provided a temperature map as a function of time and depth.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Probing warm dense matter using femtosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy with a laser-produced betatron source

Author: Benoît Mahieu, L. Lecherbourg, Agustin Lifschitz, P. Renaudin, Jean-Philippe Goddet, K. Ta Phuoc, Fabien Dorchies, N. Jourdain, Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), ANR-13-BS04-0002,FEMTOMAT,Etude femtoseconde rayons X et optique de la dynamique ultrarapide de photocommutation de matériaux moléculaires magnétiques(2013), European Project: 339128,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,X-FIVE(2014), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, Physics::Optics, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, SPIN-CROSSOVER DYNAMICS, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, FREE-ELECTRON LASER, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, GOLD, lcsh:Science, 010306 general physics, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Multidisciplinary, [PHYS.PHYS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics], Free-electron laser, General Chemistry, Warm dense matter, Betatron, Laser, Femtosecond, Physics::Accelerator Physics, lcsh:Q, Atomic physics, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: Exploring and understanding ultrafast processes at the atomic level is a scientific challenge. Femtosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) arises as an essential experimental probing method, as it can simultaneously reveal both electronic and atomic structures, and thus potentially unravel their nonequilibrium dynamic interplay which is at the origin of most of the ultrafast mechanisms. However, despite considerable efforts, there is still no femtosecond X-ray source suitable for routine experiments. Here we show that betatron radiation from relativistic laser−plasma interaction combines ideal features for femtosecond XAS. It has been used to investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of a copper sample brought at extreme conditions of temperature and pressure by a femtosecond laser pulse. We measured a rise-time of the electron temperature below 100 fs. This experiment demonstrates the great potential of the table-top betatron source which makes possible the investigation of unexplored ultrafast processes in manifold fields of research., Understanding the ultrafast dynamics of materials under extreme conditions is challenging. Here the authors use a femtosecond betatron X-ray source to investigate the solid to dense plasma phase transition in copper using XAS with unprecedented time resolution.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Ultrafast changes in optical properties of SiO2 excited by femtosecond laser at the damage threshold and above

Author: M.-C. Nadeau, Stéphane Petit, B. Chimier, C. Fourment, F. Deneuville, Fabien Dorchies, Dominique Descamps, Guillaume Duchateau, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, Optoelectronics, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Ultrashort pulse, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Comparisons of x-ray sources generated from subpicosecond laser-plasma interaction on clusters and on solid targets

Author: P. Renaudin, L. Lecherbourg, N. Jourdain, Fabien Dorchies, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Groupe d'Etude de la Matière Condensée (GEMAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], X-ray, Plasma, 010306 general physics, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Polycapillary lenses for Soft-X-ray transmission: Model, comparison with experiments and potential application for tomographic measurements in tokamaks

Author: Quentin Abadie, D. Mazon, S.B. Dabagov, L. Lecherbourg, A. Mollard, P. Malard, and Fabien Dorchies
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Tokamak, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Plasma, Tore Supra, law.invention, Optics, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, Electromagnetic shielding, Neutron, business, Instrumentation, Plasma stability
Abstract: In tokamaks, plasma emits as a volumetric Soft-X-ray (SXR) source. Emitted X-rays can give very useful information about plasma stability, shape and impurity content. Measuring the Soft X-ray (SXR) radiation ([0.1–20 keV]) of magnetic fusion plasmas is a standard way of accessing valuable information on particle transport and MagnetoHydroDynamic. Generally, like at Tore Supra in France, the analysis is performed with a 2D tomographic system composed of several cameras equipped with detectors like Silicon Barrier Diodes spread in periphery of the tokamak. Unfortunately, the strong constraints imposed by the environment of a tokamak reactor (high neutron fluxes, gamma and hard X-ray emission, high magnetic field and high radiofrequency powers) do not authorize to install in a close vicinity of the machine such detectors. We have thus investigated the possibility of using polycapillary lenses to transport the SXR information to several meters from the plasma, not necessarily in a straight line. The idea is to protect the SXR detector from the entire environment by a proper shielding. Different polycapillary lenses could be used for that purpose and have been tested in collaboration with CELIA (CEA–CNRS) of Bordeaux. Transmission of the order of 20% where observed for the low energetic part of the spectrum (down to 3 keV) while still 10% were observed for the remaining part (from 3 to 10 keV). In parallel a model of polycapillary transmission has been developed and validated against experiment. Results are presented confirming the great potential of polycapillary lenses for SXR transmission in tokamak plasma. Studies of the influence of geometrical parameters like diameter and curvature of the channels, on the photons transmission is also presented.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Electron-ion thermal equilibration dynamics in femtosecond heated warm dense copper

Author: Fabien Dorchies, P. Renaudin, V. Recoules, N. Jourdain, L. Lecherbourg, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Groupe d'Etude de la Matière Condensée (GEMAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, Dynamics (mechanics), chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Copper, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, chemistry, Chemical physics, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, Thermal equilibration, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Stable, polarized betatron radiation: x-ray absorption spectroscopy in WDM unveiling ultrafast electron heating (Conference Presentation)

Author: Victor Malka, Antoine Doche, Agustin Lifschitz, E. Guillaume, Fabien Dorchies, Noemie Jourdain, Kim Ta Phuoc, Ludovic Lecherbourg, Julien Gautier, Benoît Mahieu, Andreas Doepp, Sebastien Corde, Antoine Rousse, and Cédric Thaury
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electron, Betatron, Polarization (waves), Laser, Synchrotron, law.invention, Optics, law, Femtosecond, Time-resolved spectroscopy, business, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: Betatron radiation from laser-plasma accelerators reproduces the principle of a synchrotron on a millimeter scale, but featuring femtosecond duration. Here we present the outcome of our latest developments, which now allow us to produce stable and polarized X-ray bursts. Moreover, the X-ray polarization can simply be adjusted by tuning the polarization of the laser driving the process. The excellent stability of the source is expressed in terms of pointing, flux, transverse distribution and critical energy of the spectrum. These combined features make our betatron source particularly suitable for applications in ultrafast X-ray science. In this presentation we will describe the generation process, relying on the ionization injection scheme for laser-plasma acceleration. We will show experimental measurements, numerical results and first applications in time-resolved spectroscopy.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Supra-thermal electron beam stopping power and guiding in dense plasmas

Author: Mingsheng Wei, Hiroshi Sawada, Vladimir Tikhonchuk, Dimitri Batani, Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt, B. Vauzour, A. Debayle, Fabien Dorchies, C. Fourment, T. Ceccotti, S. D. Baton, Philippe Nicolai, J. J. Honrubia, Jean-Luc Feugeas, Joao Santos, L. Gremillet, X. Vaisseau, F. Perez, Alessio Morace, S. Hulin, Farhat Beg, Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules (SPAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), GIFI, Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain, affiliation inconnue, Pôle Fromager AOC Massif Central, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Critical Care Department, Hospital de Sabadell, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Electron, Plasma, Warm dense matter, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Stopping power (particle radiation), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Current density, Inertial confinement fusion, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Fast-electron beam stopping mechanisms in media ranging from solid to warm dense matter have been investigated experimentally and numerically. Laser-driven fast electrons have been transported through solid Al targets and shock-compressed Al and plastic foam targets. Their propagation has been diagnosed via rear-side optical self-emission and Kα X-rays from tracer layers. Comparison between measurements and simulations shows that the transition from collision-dominated to resistive field-dominated energy loss occurs for a fast-electron current density ~5 × 1011 A cm−2. The respective increases in the stopping power with target density and resistivity have been detected in each regime. Self-guided propagation over 200μm has been observed in radially compressed targets due to ~1kT magnetic fields generated by resistivity gradients at the converging shock front.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Polycapillary lenses for soft x-ray transmission in ITER : model, comparison with experiments, and potential application

Author: Fabien Dorchies, M. G. O'Mullane, A. Jardin, Michael Walsh, A. Sirinelli, C. Liegeard, Robin Barnsley, Didier Mazon, Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Ecole Centrale Paris, ITER organization (ITER), Department of Physics [Glasgow], University of Strathclyde [Glasgow], Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: Photon, Tokamak, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], X-ray detector, Radiation, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Instrumentation, QC, Physics, Geometrical optics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], Detector, Plasma, Plasma diagnostics, business
Abstract: International audience; Measuring Soft X-Ray (SXR) radiation [0.1 keV; 15 keV] in tokamaks is a standard way of extracting valuable information on the particle transport and magnetohydrodynamic activity. Generally, the analysis is performed with detectors positioned close to the plasma for a direct line of sight. A burning plasma, like the ITER deuterium-tritium phase, is too harsh an environment to permit the use of such detectors in close vicinity of the machine. We have thus investigated in this article the possibility of using polycapillary lenses in ITER to transport the SXR information several meters away from the plasma in the complex port-plug geometry.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Importance of magnetic resistive fields in the heating of a micro-cone target irradiated by a high intensity laser

Author: J. Rassuchine, Alessio Morace, Julien Fuchs, R. Redaelli, P. Guillou, Fabien Dorchies, Laurent Gremillet, Yasuhiko Sentoku, J. J. Santos, Dimitri Batani, Takayoshi Norimatsu, Joshua J. Adams, Emmanuel d'Humières, M. Koenig, Christophe Rousseaux, Thomas E. Cowan, C. Fourment, Grant Korgan, Ryosuke Kodama, Motoaki Nakatsutsumi, Sophie Baton, and Steven Malekos
Subjects: Resistive touchscreen, Materials science, Opacity, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Laser, Magnetic field, law.invention, Ion, law, Deposition (phase transition), General Materials Science, Irradiation, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics
Abstract: Obtaining keV ion temperatures at solid density, i.e. “warm dense matter”, in the laboratory would be of great interest to measure opacity and equations of state of matter under extremes conditions. Here we report a new means to effectively confine the energetic electrons and localize the energy deposition to a small, more uniformly heated, volume at the tip of nanofabricated micro-cone targets. This is achieved with very high contrast laser irradiation, which interacts with the cone wall to generate strong (~10 MG) localized resistive magnetic fields within the target bulk. Temperatures of up to ~200 eV are observed, with an input laser energy of 10 J. This new means has been investigated both experimentally and with Particle-In-Cell simulations.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. High-pressure structural changes in liquid silica

Author: A. Denoeud, Jérôme Gaudin, François Guyot, Stephane Mazevet, Fabien Dorchies, Erik Brambrink, Alessandra Benuzzi-Mounaix, Alessandra Ravasio, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Paris-Saclay-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Silicon, Coordination number, Ab initio, chemistry.chemical_element, Warm dense matter, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, 0103 physical sciences, Absorption (logic), [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract: The structural properties of liquid silica at high pressure and moderate temperature conditions, also referred to as the warm dense matter regime, were investigated using time-resolved $K$-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. We used a nanosecond laser beam to compress uniformly a solid $\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ target and a picosecond laser beam to generate a broadband x-ray source. We obtained x-ray absorption spectra at the Si $K$ edge over a large pressure-temperature domain to probe the liquid phase up to 3.6 times the normal solid density. Using ab initio simulations, we are able to interpret the changes in the x-ray absorption near-edge structure with increasing densities as an increase in the coordination number of silicon by oxygen atoms from 4 to 9. This indicates that, up to significant temperatures, the liquid structure becomes akin to what is found in the solid $\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ phases.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Non-equilibrium solid-to-plasma transition dynamics using XANES diagnostic

Author: Fabien Dorchies, V. Recoules, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Phase transition, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Plasma, Warm dense matter, 01 natural sciences, XANES, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Electron diffraction, Chemical physics, 0103 physical sciences, State of matter, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The advent of femtosecond lasers has shed new light on non-equilibrium high energy density physics. The ultrafast energy absorption by electrons and the finite rate of their energy transfer to the lattice creates non-equilibrium states of matter, triggering a new class of non-thermal processes from the ambient solid up to extreme conditions of temperature and pressure, referred as the warm dense matter regime. The dynamical interplay between electron and atomic structures is the key issue that drives the ultrafast phase transitions dynamics. Bond weakening or bond hardening are predicted, but strongly depends on the material considered. Many studies have been conducted but this physics is still poorly understood. The experimental tools used up-to-now have provided an incomplete insight. Pure optical techniques measure only indirectly atomic motion through changes in the dielectric function whereas X-ray or electron diffraction only probes the average long-range order. This review is dedicated to recent developments in time-resolved X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, which is expected to give a more complete picture by probing simultaneously the modifications of the near-continuum electron and local atomic structures. Results are reported for three different types of metals (simple, transition and noble metals) in which a confrontation has been carried out between measurements and ab initio simulations.
Published: 2016

22. Table-top laser-plasma acceleration as an electron radiography source

Author: Fabien Dorchies, Nelson Lopes, Cristina Carias, A. E. Dangor, Stuart Mangles, Zulfikar Najmudin, B. Walton, Victor Malka, Karl Krushelnick, G. Mendes, M. Manclossi, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Fisica de Plasmas (GoLP), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: Radiography, Electron, Ultrashort laser-plasma interaction, Table (information), 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Spectrometer, business.industry, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Plasma acceleration, Electron acceleration, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electron radiography, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, Energy (signal processing), Laser-plasma acceleration
Abstract: International audience; A “table-top” high power laser has been used to generate beams of accelerated electrons up to energy of 20 MeV from interactions with underdense plasmas. The energy spectrum of these beams was measured using a magnetic spectrometer and proof-of-principle experiments were performed to evaluate the suitability of these beams for electron radiography applications.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Ultrafast broadband laser plasma X-ray source for femtosecond time-resolved EXAFS

Author: Jean-Claude Kieffer, Patrick Forget, Olivier Peyrusse, and Fabien Dorchies
Subjects: Extended X-ray absorption fine structure, business.industry, Chemistry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, X-ray, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, Plasma, Laser, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Broadband, Femtosecond, Optoelectronics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: Key issues for the generation of broadband thermal X-ray spectrum using femtosecond laser-produced plasmas are discussed. Experiments realized at high intensity (3 × 10 18 W/cm 2 ) with INRS low and high repetition rate ultrafast laser systems show that intense broadband emission can be generated with a controlled spectrum suitable for backlighting and absorption experiments. The duration of this emission is a few times the laser pulse duration and high average X-ray power can be achieved. Sub-picosecond extended X-ray absorption fine structure experiments can now be designed with the suitable probing samples and geometry.
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Étude expérimentale de l'émission X d'agrégats nanométriques d'argon irradiés par une impulsion laser intense

Author: C. Stenz, Y. Glinec, T. Caillaud, J. Stevefelt, Fabien Dorchies, and F. Blasco
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract: L'emission X de la couche K des agregats de l'argon irradies par des impulsions laser de 10 17 W cm -2 etait resolue spectralement et examinee en fonction de differents parametres laser et agregats. Un effort particulier etait d'abord consacre au controle de la focalisation du laser dans le jet d'agregats, et du contraste temporel de l'impulsion laser, comme ces deux parametres etaient observes d'avoir une influence drastique sur l'emission X. Le rayon moyen des agregats etait ensuite varie de 200 a 350 ○, et aussi la duree des impulsions laser de 30 fs a 2 ps (largeur a mi-hauteur). L'emission X etait observee d'atteindre une valeur maximale pour une certaine duree de l'impulsion laser (autour de quelques 100 fs), qui augmentait avec le rayon moyen des agregats. Ces observations pouvaient etre comprises en termes d'un effet de resonance en fonction de la densite electronique. La duree de l'emission X etait aussi examinee audessus de 3 keV avec un camera a balayage (resolution d'environ 1 ps a 1 kHz). Cette duree etait trouvee d'etre environ 2 ps (largeur a mi-hauteur) pour les conditions optimales d'emission X.
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Imagerie médicale avec des sources X créées par laser

Author: Z. Jiang, Liming Chen, Z. Ichalalene, C.C. Chamberlain, J. C. Kieffer, Andrzej Krol, and Fabien Dorchies
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract: L'interaction d'une impulsion laser femtoseconde avec une cible solide peut induire une emission intense de rayonnement X dans la gamme de quelques dizaines de keV. Ce type de source presente potentiellement plusieurs avantages sur les installations X conventionnelles en termes de performances (taille de la source, gamme de longueur d'onde accessible) et de cout. Ce papier reunit les differents resultats obtenus dans le cadre du projet d'imagerie medicale de l'INRS a Varennes, Quebec. Canada. Ces travaux concernent d'une part l'etude quantitative de la source de rayons X-durs: intensite, spectre et taille de la source. D'autre part, des experiences de faisabilite ont montre la pertinence de leur application a l'imagerie medicale, notamment dans le domaine de l'imagerie a grande resolution spatiale (mammographie) et dans celui de l'imagerie par soustraction d'images a deux longueurs d'onde (angiographie cardiaque). La principale limitation de ces experiences etait la puissance moyenne de la source bridee par la faible cadence de l'installation laser. Les lois d'echelle deduites des experiences presentees laissent presager la poursuite de ces travaux dans des conditions cliniques realistes avec le developpement actuel de chaine laser de hautes cadences (100 Hz - 1 kHz).
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Caractérisation de jets d'agrégats d'argon pour l'étude de l'interaction laser-agrégats

Author: A. S. Boldarev, Vladimir A. Gasilov, Fabien Dorchies, T. Caillaud, C. Stenz, and F. Blasco
Subjects: Argon, Nozzle, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Conical surface, Radius, Laser, law.invention, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, symbols.namesake, Interferometry, chemistry, law, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, symbols, Supersonic speed, Rayleigh scattering, Atomic physics
Abstract: Argon clusters jets were produced at the output of supersonic nozzles and used as targets for intense laser - clusters interaction experiments. They were fully characterized combining two optical diagnostics (Mach-Zehnder interferometry and Rayleigh Scattering) with the support of a numerical simulation. This study was performed with Laval and conical nozzles. Homogeneous clusters size profiles were observed at the output of the conical nozzle. Clusters mean radius was measured in the range from 200 to 300 A, increasing with the input Argon pressure varying from 20 to 60 bars.
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. Characterization of argon cluster jets for laser interaction studies

Author: J. Stevefelt, C. Stenz, Fabien Dorchies, T. Caillaud, A. S. Boldarev, F. Blasco, Vladimir A. Gasilov, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Argon, Nozzle, Condensation, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Interferometry, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Cluster (physics), Rayleigh scattering, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Atomic clusters can be produced from rare gas, by spontaneous condensation during its expansion and cooling in a supersonic nozzle. When irradiated by intense laser pulses, these near-solid density clusters were observed to absorb a large fraction of the laser energy, leading to the production of highly charged ions. Based on this interaction regime, several international research groups have already demonstrated the ability to produce intense and highly repetitive X-ray and neutron sources without debris, with a relatively small experimental setup. In order to understand the different mechanisms involved in laser – cluster interaction, a complete characterization is needed for the target composed by clusters and surrounded by gas. We present a method based on two different optical diagnostics (Mach–Zehnder interferometry and Rayleigh scattering) and supported by a numerical simulation describing the gas expansion and cluster growth in the nozzle. The study was performed considering argon expanding in two types of nozzles: a Laval and a conical one. The experimental spatial profiles were observed to be in good agreement with the simulations, leading to spatial resolution of gas density, cluster size and cluster density.
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Extra ion feature of Thomson scattered light in the interaction of a 600 ps laser with helium gas jet

Author: Fabien Dorchies, E. de Wispelaere, Ph. Mounaix, F. Amiranoff, Stefan Hüller, Victor Malka, A. Modena, Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), and École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Electron density, Plasma parameters, Thomson scattering, chemistry.chemical_element, helium, plasma light propagation, Brillouin spectra, light scattering, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Light scattering, plasma waves, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, symbols.namesake, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Physics::Plasma Physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, backscatter, Rayleigh scattering, plasma production by laser, 010306 general physics, Helium, Physics, laser beam effects, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Wavelength, chemistry, symbols, PACS 52.50.Jm, 52.35.-g, 52.25.Os, 52.38.Bv, Atomic physics
Abstract: International audience; The interaction of a 600 ps laser pulse at 0.53 μm wavelength with helium gas jet with an electron density of 8×10^19 cm^−3 has been studied. In this experiment the plasma parameters for density and temperature were well-defined via time-resolved Thomson scattering. Ion Thomson scattering measurements at 45° show two extra satellites which correspond to the rescattering of the Brillouin backscattered light off the thermal ion acoustic waves. Analysis of the relative amplitudes of these satellites gives a very high value of 65% of the instantaneous reflectivity at its maximum. Theoretical spectra are in good agreement with the experimental ones.
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. X-ray absorption K edge as a diagnostic of the electronic temperature in warm dense aluminum

Author: Todd H. Hall, F. Festa, Anna Lévy, Erik Brambrink, Stephane Mazevet, Alessandra Benuzzi-Mounaix, Fabien Dorchies, Alessandra Ravasio, V. Recoules, Olivier Peyrusse, M. Koenig, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institute for Academic Initiatives, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, Scattering, Extrapolation, X-ray, chemistry.chemical_element, Warm dense matter, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Imaging phantom, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, K-edge, Aluminium, 0103 physical sciences, Absorption (logic), 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The use of the x-ray absorption $K$-edge slope is investigated as a model-free diagnostic of the electronic temperature in warm dense matter. Data are reported for aluminum in a wide domain of densities (approximately one to three times the solid density) and temperatures ($\ensuremath{\sim}0.1--10\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$). Measurements are obtained from laser-shock compression where both temperature and density are independently determined from optical diagnostics. They are compared with two different theoretical approaches, respectively, based on quantum molecular dynamics and multiple scattering. Extrapolation for other absorption edges and materials is discussed.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. X-ray absorption spectroscopy of iron at multimegabar pressures in laser shock experiments

Author: C. Fourment, Norimasa Ozaki, Jérôme Gaudin, Marion Harmand, Bob Nagler, Ryosuke Kodama, Motoaki Nakatsutsumi, Fabien Dorchies, Guillaume Morard, A. Denoeud, Yiping Feng, J. Bouchet, Stephane Mazevet, Kohei Miyanishi, Diling Zhu, R. Musella, Sven Toleikis, Tommaso Vinci, M. Koenig, Alessandra Benuzzi-Mounaix, Alessandra Ravasio, François Guyot, Ulf Zastrau, H. J. Lee, V. Recoules, Eric Galtier, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, affiliation inconnue, European XFEL GmbH (XFEL), European XFEL GmbH, Photone Sciences, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], ANR-12-PDOC-0011,IronFEL,Le fer et ses alliages sous conditions extrèmes et sondés par diagnostiques X sur les installations FEL et lasers intenses(2012), ANR-12-BS04-0015,PlanetLab,Propriètés des planètes et des exoplanètes en laboratoire(2012), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris-Saclay-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Materials science, Free-electron laser, Diamond, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, XANES, Spectral line, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, law, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], 0103 physical sciences, engineering, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
Abstract: International audience; Taking advantage of the new opportunities provided by x-ray free electron laser (FEL) sources when coupled to a long laser pulse as available at the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS), we have performed x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) of laser shock compressed iron up to 420 GPa (±50) and 10 800 K (±1390). Visible diagnostics coupled with hydrodynamic simulations were used to infer the thermodynamical conditions along the Hugoniot and the release adiabat. A modification of the pre-edge feature at 7.12 keV in the XANES spectra is observed above pressures of 260 GPa along the Hugoniot. Comparing with ab initio calculations and with previous laser-heated diamond cell data, we propose that such changes in the XANES pre-edge could be a signature of molten iron. This interpretation then suggests that iron is molten at pressures and temperatures higher than 260 GPa (±29) and 5680 K (±700) along the principal Fe Hugoniot.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Time evolution of electron structure in femtosecond heated warm dense molybdenum

Author: J. Bouchet, Motoaki Nakatsutsumi, B. I. Cho, Marion Harmand, Fabien Dorchies, K. Engelhorn, Hae Ja Lee, Thomas Tschentscher, C. Ozkan, V. Recoules, Jérôme Gaudin, Bob Nagler, Michael Störmer, Sven Toleikis, C. Fourment, Eric Galtier, P. M. Leguay, Philip Heimann, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications - INRS (EMT-INRS), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), European XFEL GmbH (XFEL), European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Electron density, Materials science, Ab initio, Time evolution, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, Warm dense matter, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Molybdenum, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, ddc:530, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; The time evolution of the electron structure is investigated in a molybdenum foil heated up to the warm dense matter regime by a femtosecond laser pulse, through time-resolved x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy. Spectra are measured with independent characterizations of temperature and density. They are successfully compared with ab initio quantum molecular dynamic calculations. We demonstrate that the observed white line in the L-3 edge reveals the time evolution of the electron density of state from the solid to the hot (a few eV) and expanding liquid. The data indicate a highly nonequilibrated state, 5 ps after heating.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Experimental station for laser-based picosecond time-resolved x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy

Author: N. Fedorov, Fabien Dorchies, L. Lecherbourg, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, business.industry, Laser, XANES, law.invention, Optics, law, Picosecond, Vacuum chamber, Time-resolved spectroscopy, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Spectroscopy, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: We present an experimental station designed for time-resolved X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES). It is based on ultrashort laser-plasma x-ray pulses generated from a table-top 100 mJ-class laser at 10 Hz repetition rate. A high transmission (10%-20%) x-ray beam line transport using polycapillary optics allows us to set the sample in an independent vacuum chamber, providing high flexibility over a wide spectral range from 0.5 up to 4 keV. Some XANES spectra are presented, demonstrating 1% noise level in only ∼1 mn and ∼100 cumulated laser shots. Time-resolved measurements are reported, indicating that the time resolution of the entire experimental station is 3.3 ± 0.6 ps rms.
Published: 2015

33. Metallization of Warm DenseSiO2Studied by XANES Spectroscopy

Author: Alessandra Ravasio, S. Le Pape, Erik Brambrink, Alessandra Benuzzi-Mounaix, Fabien Dorchies, François Guyot, Stephane Mazevet, M. Koenig, A. Denoeud, P. M. Leguay, and Jérôme Gaudin
Subjects: Shock wave, Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, General Physics and Astronomy, Electronic structure, Nanosecond, 01 natural sciences, Semimetal, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Picosecond, 0103 physical sciences, Density functional theory, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Pseudogap
Abstract: We investigate the evolution of the electronic structure of fused silica in a dense plasma regime using time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy. We use a nanosecond (ns) laser beam to generate a strong uniform shock wave in the sample and a picosecond (ps) pulse to produce a broadband x-ray source near the Si $K$ edge. By varying the delay between the two laser beams and the intensity of the ns beam, we explore a large thermodynamical domain with densities varying from 1 to $5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{g}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ and temperatures up to 5 eV. In contrast to normal conditions where silica is a well-known insulator with a wide band gap of 8.9 eV, we find that shocked silica exhibits a pseudogap as a semimetal throughout this thermodynamical domain. This is in quantitative agreement with density functional theory predictions performed using the generalized gradient approximation.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Towards simultaneous measurements of electronic and structural properties in ultra-fast x-ray free electron laser absorption spectroscopy experiments

Author: P. M. Leguay, Motoaki Nakatsutsumi, B. I. Cho, Marion Harmand, C. Ozkan, Michael Störmer, K. Engelhorn, Hae Ja Lee, C. Fourment, Jérôme Gaudin, Bob Nagler, Sven Toleikis, Eric Galtier, Fabien Dorchies, Th. Tschentscher, Philip Heimann, Airbus Group Innovations [Suresnes], Airbus [France], Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Zeuthen] (DESY), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications - INRS (EMT-INRS), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), European XFEL GmbH (XFEL), European XFEL GmbH, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Light, Electrons, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Article, law.invention, Absorption, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Molybdenum, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, Multidisciplinary, Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, business.industry, Lasers, Free-electron laser, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy, ddc:000, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: International audience; The rapidly growing ultrafast science with X-ray lasers unveils atomic scale processes with unprecedented time resolution bringing the so called "molecular movie'' within reach. X-ray absorption spectroscopy is one of the most powerful x-ray techniques providing both local atomic order and electronic structure when coupled with ad-hoc theory. Collecting absorption spectra within few x-ray pulses is possible only in a dispersive setup. We demonstrate ultrafast time-resolved measurements of the LIII-edge x-ray absorption near-edge spectra of irreversibly laser excited Molybdenum using an average of only few x-ray pulses with a signal to noise ratio limited only by the saturation level of the detector. The simplicity of the experimental set-up makes this technique versatile and applicable for a wide range of pump-probe experiments, particularly in the case of non-reversible processes.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Unraveling resistive versus collisional contributions to relativistic electron beam stopping power in cold-solid and in warm-dense plasmas

Author: J. J. Santos, M. Coury, Arnaud Debayle, V. Yahia, B. Vauzour, L. C. Jarrot, S. Chawla, Luca Volpe, Fabien Dorchies, C. Fourment, Paul McKenna, D. Batani, X. Vaisseau, Farhat Beg, Roberto Benocci, S. Hulin, Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt, J. J. Honrubia, V. T. Tikhonchuk, Ph. Nicolaï, S. D. Baton, Emmanuel d'Humières, Yong-Joo Rhee, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIFI, Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain, affiliation inconnue, Dipartimento di Fisica 'Giuseppe Occhialini' = Department of Physics 'Giuseppe Occhialini' [Milano-Bicocca], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), International Institute of Clinical Studies, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Stanford University, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Vauzour, B, Debayle, A, Vaisseau, X, Hulin, S, Schlenvoigt, H, Batani, D, Baton, S, Honrubia, J, Nicolai, P, Beg, F, Benocci, R, Chawla, S, Coury, M, Dorchies, F, Fourment, C, D'Humieres, E, Jarrot, L, Mckenna, P, Rhee, Y, Tikhonchuk, V, Volpe, L, Yahia, V, and Santos, J
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Resistive touchscreen, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], Electron, Plasma, Stopping power, Condensed Matter Physics, fast electrons acceleration, laser-induced shock, Relativistic electron beam, Plasma diagnostics, Atomic physics, Current density, Inertial confinement fusion, QC
Abstract: We present results on laser-driven relativistic electron beam propagation through aluminum samples, which are either solid and cold or compressed and heated by laser-induced shock. A full numerical description of fast electron generation and transport is found to reproduce the experimental absolute K-alpha yield and spot size measurements for varying target thicknesses, and to sequentially quantify the collisional and resistive electron stopping powers. The results demonstrate that both stopping mechanisms are enhanced in compressed Al samples and are attributed to the increase in the medium density and resistivity, respectively. For the achieved time-and space-averaged electronic current density, < j(h)> similar to 8 x 10(10) A/cm(2) in the samples, the collisional and resistive stopping powers in warm and compressed Al are estimated to be 1.5 keV/mu m and 0.8 keV/mu m, respectively. By contrast, for cold and solid Al, the corresponding estimated values are 1.1 keV/mu m and 0.6 keV/mu m. Prospective numerical simulations involving higher j(h) show that the resistive stopping power can reach the same level as the collisional one. In addition to the effects of compression, the effect of the transient behavior of the resistivity of Al during relativistic electron beam transport becomes progressively more dominant, and for a significantly high current density, j(h) similar to 10(12) A/cm(2), cancels the difference in the electron resistive stopping power (or the total stopping power in units of areal density) between solid and compressed samples. Analytical calculations extend the analysis up to j(h) = 10(14) A/cm(2) (representative of the full-scale fast ignition scenario of inertial confinement fusion), where a very rapid transition to the Spitzer resistivity regime saturates the resistive stopping power, averaged over the electron beam duration, to values of similar to 1 keV/mu m. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Ultrafast laser-based thermal X-ray sources

Author: Zhiming Jiang, P. Gallant, Ching Yuan Chien, Fabien Dorchies, Jean-Claude Kieffer, Patrick Forget, and H. Pepin
Subjects: Physics, Brightness, education.field_of_study, 010304 chemical physics, Population, General Physics and Astronomy, Plasma, Laser, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Femtosecond, Radiative transfer, Atomic physics, education, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: The effects of hot electrons on the thermal radiative properties (brightness, duration and spectral shape) and dynamics of solid density plasmas, generated during the interaction of a femtosecond laser and a solid target, are assessed. Line and broadband thermal emissions with duration between 500 fs and 700 fs, have been successfully produced with peak power between 1 and 10 MW, when the fraction of laser energy in the hot electron population was less than 2%, and when the hot electron energy density at the target surface was less than 1 KJ / cm 2 .
Published: 2000
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Monomode Guiding of1016W/cm2Laser Pulses over 100 Rayleigh Lengths in Hollow Capillary Dielectric Tubes

Author: Brigitte Cros, S. Rebibo, J. P. Geindre, Jean-Raphael Marques, T. Velikoroussov, François Amiranoff, Patrick Audebert, G. Hamoniaux, Christian Courtois, G. Matthieussent, and Fabien Dorchies
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Capillary action, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, Dielectric, Laser, Coupling (probability), 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Pulse (physics), symbols.namesake, Optics, law, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, Rayleigh scattering, 010306 general physics, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Monomode guiding over 100 Rayleigh lengths (10 cm) of high intensity ultrashort laser pulses ( ${10}^{16}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$, 120 fs) has been demonstrated in hollow dielectric capillary tubes (45--70 \ensuremath{\mu}m internal diameter) without inner wall damage. Analytical predictions for coupling conditions and damping length are confirmed experimentally for tubes under vacuum. With 5 to 40 mbar of He gas in the tube, when laser ionization occurs the energy and duration of the transmitted pulse decrease while its spectrum is broadened.
Published: 1999
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Temporal and Angular Resolution of the Ionization-Induced Refraction of a Short Laser Pulse in Helium Gas

Author: P. Chessa, Jean-Raphael Marques, G. Hamoniaux, Patrick Mora, Fabien Dorchies, François Amiranoff, E. de Wispelaere, Victor Malka, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), and École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Femtosecond pulse shaping, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Refraction, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Pulse (physics), Lens (optics), Optics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], law, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Angular resolution, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, business, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract: International audience; The refraction of a short and intense laser pulse focused in helium gas has been studied both experimentally and numerically. Using the time-frequency correspondence of a 120 fs laser pulse linearly chirped to 1.8 ps, the ionization-induced refraction is resolved both temporally and angularly. Two-dimensional numerical simulations are performed to calculate the laser propagation, from the focusing lens to the detector. With such a simulation, we get a quantitative agreement with the experiment, both for the refraction of the chirped pulse and for the ionization-induced blueshifted spectrum of the compressed pulse.
Published: 1999
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Microjet formation and hard x-ray production from a liquid metal target irradiated by intense femtosecond laser pulses

Author: T. Bonnet, D. S. Uryupina, Andrei B Savel'ev, C. Fourment, F. Gobet, K. M. Spohr, Vladimir Tikhonchuk, B. Chimier, M. Versteegen, Jérôme Breil, M. Tarisien, F. Hannachi, A. S. Lar’kin, Fabien Dorchies, K.A. Ivanov, P. M. Leguay, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Jet (fluid), Electron, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Pulse (physics), law, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, Plasma diagnostics, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)
Abstract: International audience; By using a liquid metal as a target one may significantly enhance the yield of hard x-rays with a sequence of two intense femtosecond laser pulses. The influence of the time delay between the two pulses is studied experimentally and interpreted with numerical simulations. It was suggested that the first arbitrary weak pulse produces microjets from the target surface, while the second intense pulse provides an efficient electron heating and acceleration along the jet surface. These energetic electrons are the source of x-ray emission while striking the target surface. The microjet formation is explained based on the results given by both optical diagnostics and hydrodynamic modeling by a collision of shocks originated from two distinct zones of laser energy deposition.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Identification of X-ray spectra in the Na-like to O-like rubidium ions in the range of 3.8–7.3 Å

Author: M. Tarisien, D. Denis-Petit, Marc Comet, A. Blazevic, W. Cayzac, F. Gobet, V. Méot, Olivier Peyrusse, T. Bonnet, J-Ch. Pain, Vincent Bagnoud, M. Versteegen, A. Frank, F. Gilleron, P. Morel, G. Gosselin, M. Roth, F. Hannachi, Fabien Dorchies, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Kernphysik [Darmstadt], Technische Universität Darmstadt - Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Technische Universität Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), X-ray spectroscopy, Radiation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Charge density, chemistry.chemical_element, Plasma, 01 natural sciences, Atomic physics calculations, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, Charged particle, Rubidium plasma, Rubidium, Ion, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, PHELIX laser, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy
Abstract: International audience; The X-rays emitted by a rubidium plasma source created by the PHELIX laser at an intensity of about 6×1014 W/cm2 were studied. The lines have been measured using Bragg crystals in the wavelength range between 3.8 and 7.3 Å and identified by means of a numerical method developed to describe highly charged rubidium ions in LTE plasma. The experimental plasma temperature, density and charge state distributions have been estimated using non-LTE codes such as CHIVAS and AVERROES. The LTE plasma temperature and density used in the calculations are those allowing to reproduce the calculated NLTE charge state distribution. In order to optimize the use of computational resources, a criterion is established to select the configurations contributing most to the spectra among all those obtained in detailed level accounting based on the MCDF code. Seventy Rb X-rays have been identified among which forty-nine are reported for the first time. The capabilities of our method are demonstrated by the good agreement of our identifications with previously published data when available.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Experimental determination of temperature-dependent electron-electron collision frequency in isochorically heated warm dense gold

Author: C. Fourment, Stéphane Petit, Olivier Peyrusse, V. Recoules, Fabien Dorchies, Dominique Descamps, F. Deneuville, Bastian Holst, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Institute of Experimental Physics [Graz], Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), Department of Physics and Technology [Bergen] (UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, Warm dense matter, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Momentum, Collision frequency, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, Electron temperature, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: A time and polarization resolved reflective interferometry measurement on femtosecond laser heated gold is presented. We deduced the electron momentum damping frequency, the conduction electron density, and finally the electron temperature in the $0.6--5\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ range in out of equilibrium, solid density warm dense gold. This allows the experimental determination of the electron-electron collision frequency variation with the electron temperature in warm dense matter conditions. The comparison with several models shows the importance of properly taking into account the $d$-band electrons in noble metals.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Progress in warm dense matter study with applications to planetology

Author: F. Festa, Tommaso Vinci, Guillaume Morard, A. Denoeud, Jérôme Gaudin, Marion Harmand, N. Amadou, Sebastien Le Pape, Stephanie Brygoo, Michel Koenig, Olivier Henry, Raymond F. Smith, Alessandra Ravasio, Fabien Dorchies, Didier Raffestin, Olivier Peyrusse, Erik Brambrink, Norimasa Ozaki, François Guyot, R. Musella, Johan Bouchet, V. Recoules, G. Huser, Thibaut de Resseguier, K. Myanishi, Anna Lévy, Pierre Marie Leguay, Stephane Mazevet, Alessandra Benuzzi-Mounaix, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pprime (PPRIME), ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka University [Osaka], Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre d'études scientifiques et techniques d'Aquitaine (CESTA), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Université Paris-Saclay-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-ENSMA, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Phase transition, Absorption spectroscopy, business.industry, ab initio calculations, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Warm dense matter, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Computational physics, law.invention, Optics, Planetary science, 13. Climate action, law, Density functional theory, strongly coupled plasma, Spectroscopy, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Mathematical Physics, laser compression
Abstract: International audience; We present an overview of some recent theoretical and experimental results obtained on the properties of iron and silica at conditions encountered in planetary interiors. The first part is concerned with the development of x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy in dynamical experiments using high-energy lasers as a tool to investigate phase transitions and structural changes at extreme pressure-temperature conditions for these two key constituents. The second part focuses on the development of a quasi-isentropic compression technique to achieve the pressure-temperature conditions anticipated in planetary interiors (3-10 Mbar, 5000-8000 K). The experiments were performed using the LULI, LLNL and LIL high-energy lasers' facilities. The experimental results are analyzed using first-principle simulations based on density functional theory.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Ultrafast Short-Range Disordering of Femtosecond-Laser-Heated Warm Dense Aluminum

Author: P. Renaudin, F. Deneuville, S. Hulin, C. Fourment, Fabien Dorchies, Bastian Holst, J. J. Santos, Stéphane Petit, Dominique Descamps, Olivier Peyrusse, B. Chimier, P. Combis, V. Recoules, Anna Lévy, Laurent Videau, C. Goyon, P. M. Leguay, Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications - INRS (EMT-INRS), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Hydrogéologie, Argiles, Sols, Altérations (E2) (HydrASA), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Physics and Technology [Bergen] (UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Groupe d'Etude de la Matière Condensée (GEMAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Fromager AOC Massif Central, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institute of Experimental Physics [Graz], Graz University of Technology [Graz] (TU Graz), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Centrale Lille, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, Laser ablation, General Physics and Astronomy, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, XANES, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, Picosecond, 0103 physical sciences, Femtosecond, 010306 general physics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, FOIL method
Abstract: International audience; We have probed, with time-resolved x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), a femtosecond-laser-heated aluminum foil with fluences up to 1 J/cm2. The spectra reveal a loss of the short-range order in a few picoseconds. This time scale is compared with the electron-ion equilibration time, calculated with a two-temperature model. Hydrodynamic simulations shed light on complex features that affect the foil dynamics, including progressive density change from solid to liquid (∼10 ps). In this density range, quantum molecular dynamics simulations indicate that XANES is a relevant probe of the ionic temperature.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Spectroscopie X de couches L et M de plasmas hors équilibre thermodynamique local de niobium, tantale et tungstène

Author: Hyun-Kyung Chung, Tommaso Vinci, P. Audebert, S. Bastiani-Ceccotti, Jean-Raphael Marques, Robin Marjoribanks, Fabien Dorchies, Anna Lévy, A.-C. Bourgaux, and P. M. Leguay
Abstract: Nous presentons les premiers resultats d'une experience realisee sur l'installation LULI2000 du Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses. Au cours de celle-ci, nous avons etudie l'emission X de plasmas de niobium, tantale et tungstene, dans des conditions hors equilibre thermodynamique local (de l'ordre de 1,5 keV en temperature, et 1020 cm−3 en densite electronique). Nous avons mesure le spectre X emis dans la gamme 2,4-2,9 keV a l'aide d'un spectrometre a cristal tronconique. Nous avons egalement mis en place des diagnostics hydrodynamiques (diffusion Thomson et emission propre resolues en temps) afin de bien caracteriser le plasma etudie. Une etude est en cours afin de comparer les mesures aux simulations. Nous comparons les mesures hydrodynamiques au code MULTI pour ajuster certains parametres experimentaux mal connus et determiner l'evolution du plasma, puis utilisons ces resultats dans les calculs de spectres effectues a l'aide du code FLYCHK.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Fast electron beam measurements from relativistically intense, frequency-doubled laser-solid interactions

Author: Robbie Scott, Kate Lancaster, Edward B. Clark, F. Perez, J. J. Santos, M. J. V. Streeter, S. J. Rose, S. Hulin, Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt, J. R. Davies, B. Vauzour, A. A. Soloviev, Peter Norreys, C. Fourment, S. D. Baton, Fabien Dorchies, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Central Laser Facility (CLF), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Critical Care Department, Hospital de Sabadell, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Pôle Fromager AOC Massif Central, and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, Bremsstrahlung, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Fundamental frequency, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Cathode ray, Electron temperature, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Experimental measurements of the fast electron beam created by the interaction of relativistically intense, frequency-doubled laser light with planar solid targets and its subsequent transport within the target are presented and compared with those of a similar experiment using the laser fundamental frequency. Using frequency-doubled laser light, the fast electron source size is significantly reduced, while evidence suggests the divergence angle may be reduced. Pyrometric measurements of the target rear surface temperature and the Cu Kα imager data indicate the laser to fast electron absorption fraction is reduced using frequency doubled laser light. Bremsstrahlung measurements indicate the fast electron temperature is 125 keV, while the laser energy absorbed into forward-going fast electrons was found to be 16 ± 4% for frequency doubled light at a mean laser intensity of 5 ± 3 × 1018 W cm-2. © IOP Publishing and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. An interferometric diagnostic for the experimental study of dynamics of solids exposed to intense and ultrashort radiation

Author: S. Hulin, C. Fourment, Joao Santos, Dominique Descamps, Olivier Peyrusse, F. Deneuville, S. Petit, B. Chimier, Fabien Dorchies, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Pôle Fromager AOC Massif Central, Hydrogéologie, Argiles, Sols, Altérations (E2) (HydrASA), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Juha, L. and Bajt, S. and London, R. and Hudec, R. and Pina, L., Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Phase transition, Electron density, Materials science, business.industry, Infrared, Coulomb explosion, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, Radiation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Interferometry, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Electromagnetic pulse
Abstract: Solid material damaging induced by an intense and short electromagnetic pulse is accompanied by structural modifications, such as solid/solid phase transition, solid/liquid phase transition or ablation. In such an interaction, the energy is mainly absorbed by electrons, and then transferred to the lattice over a 1 − 10 ps time scale. Such out-of-equilibrium physics is the subject of intense experimental and theoretical work, rising fundamental questions about the thermal or non-thermal nature of phase transitions, the softening or hardening of chemical bonds, and the competition between thermal ablation and coulomb explosion. Here, an experimental technique based on pump-probe interfero-polarimetry in reflection, is presented. It allows us to measure the reflectivity and phase shift of an optical probe reflecting on the sample, in both P and S polarization directions, with a sub-100 fs time resolution. The accuracies on phase shift and on reflectivity are 10 mrad and 1%, respectively. These quantities depend on both the sample optical properties (dielectric function) and the heated sample hydrodynamics. Careful comparison of signals in P and S polarizations allows us to distinguish between optical properties and hydrodynamics contributions. Optical properties give information about the dynamics of the electron properties which drive the damage formation, while the hydrodynamic contribution includes sample surface motion and modofication of the electron density profile, at the nanometer scale. This interfero-polarimetry technique was employed to study damage on aluminum induced by an infrared ultrashort laser pulse (800 nm, 30 fs, 1 J:cm -2 )
Published: 2013

47. Dynamique ultra-rapide de la transition de phase solide-liquide-vapeur par spectroscopie XANES résolue en temps

Author: P. M. Leguay, Ph. A. Martin, Dominique Descamps, M. Harmand, Olivier Peyrusse, Henri Bachau, C. Fourment, S. Petit, P. Renaudin, Eric Constant, Joao Santos, P. Combis, S. Hulin, B. Chimier, Fabien Dorchies, C. Goyon, F. Deneuville, and Anna Lévy
Abstract: La spectroscopie d'absorption X pres des seuils (XANES) est un outil puissant pour sonder la structure atomique (ordre local) et electronique (electrons de valence) dans de nombreux types de milieux, allant des molecules jusqu'a la matiere condensee. A partir d'une source X laser-plasma ultra-breve compacte, nous avons realise des experiences de XANES avec une resolution temporelle (∼ 3 picosecondes) permettant de sonder, a l'echelle atomique, l'evolution d'une feuille d'aluminium illuminee par un laser ultra-bref. Les spectres d'absorption X revelent, a haut flux, une transition ultra-rapide du solide cristallin au liquide desordonne, suivie par une relocalisation progressive des electrons de valence vers des orbitales atomiques (transition metal/non-metal et solide/vapeur). A plus bas flux, la matiere reste dans une phase partiellement ordonnee aux temps longs, ce qui permet de suivre la perte progressive de l'ordre local et d'en estimer la duree a 5,7 ± 3 ps.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Sub-picosecond and nanometer scale dynamics of aluminum target surface heated by ultrashort laser pulse

Author: S. Hulin, Dominique Descamps, S. Petit, J. J. Santos, F. Deneuville, C. Fourment, Fabien Dorchies, B. Chimier, Olivier Peyrusse, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Fromager AOC Massif Central, Hydrogéologie, Argiles, Sols, Altérations (E2) (HydrASA), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Oxide, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, Aluminium, 0103 physical sciences, Irradiation, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, Relaxation (NMR), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Pulse (physics), chemistry, Picosecond, Nanometre, Plasma diagnostics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: The possibility of measuring surface hydrodynamics at picosecond and nanometer scales by using a time resolved optical interfero-polarimeter is demonstrated. This method is applied to observe the surface position of aluminum target heated by ultrashort laser pulse. Numerical simulations of the surface relaxation during a few tens of picoseconds after irradiation are in very good agreement with the measurements. Results show the important contribution of oxide layer in the surface dynamic evolution and the great accuracy of our experimental method.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. X-ray emission spectroscopy of well-characterised non-LTE plasmas

Author: L Vassura, P. Audebert, V. Silvert, S. Jacquemot, S. Bastiani-Ceccotti, Tommaso Vinci, Fabien Dorchies, A.-C. Bourgaux, V. Dervieux, P. M. Leguay, C. Bowen, P. Renaudin, Hyun-Kyung Chung, Jean-Raphael Marques, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications - INRS (EMT-INRS), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Groupe d'Etude de la Matière Condensée (GEMAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), and Dorchies, Fabien
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], History, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Thomson scattering, Chemistry, Scattering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Plasma, Inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, [PHYS] Physics [physics], Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], law, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pyrometer
Abstract: This paper will present an experimental platform developed on LULI2000 to measure x-ray emission of non-LTE plasmas in well-defined hydrodynamic conditions thanks to implementation of a whole set of diagnostics, including time-resolved electronic and ionic Thomson scattering and self-optical pyrometry. K-, L- and M-shell spectra will be presented and the methodology, that has been developed to analyze them, discussed.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Relativistic high-current electron-beam stopping-power characterization in solids and plasmas: collisional versus resistive effects

Author: Dimitri Batani, Joao Santos, Paul McKenna, Ph. Nicolaï, V. Yahia, L. C. Jarrot, Roberto Benocci, S. Hulin, Farhat Beg, S. D. Baton, Vladimir Tikhonchuk, Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt, Fabien Dorchies, Yongjoo Rhee, Emmanuel d'Humières, A. Debayle, B. Vauzour, C. Fourment, J. J. Honrubia, S. Chawla, X. Vaisseau, Luca Volpe, M. Coury, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Pôle Fromager AOP du Massif Central, Dipartimento di Fisica 'Giuseppe Occhialini' = Department of Physics 'Giuseppe Occhialini' [Milano-Bicocca], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIFI, Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain, affiliation inconnue, International Institute of Clinical Studies, SUPA, Department of Physics (SUPA), University of Strathclyde [Glasgow], Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Vauzour, B, Santos, J, Debayle, A, Hulin, S, Hschlenvoigt, H, Vaisseau, X, Batani, D, Baton, S, Honrubia, J, Nicolaï, P, Beg, F, Benocci, R, Chawla, S, Coury, M, Dorchies, F, Fourment, C, D'Humières, E, Jarrot, L, Mckenna, P, Rhee, Y, Tikhonchuk, V, Volpe, L, and Yahia, V
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Nuclear reaction, Physics, Resistive touchscreen, General Physics and Astronomy, Física, Plasma, Electron, Stopping power, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, laser, plasmi, fusione nucleare, elettroni rapidi, Nucleosynthesis, 0103 physical sciences, Cathode ray, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Inertial confinement fusion, FIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; We present experimental and numerical results on intense-laser-pulse-produced fast electron beams transport through aluminum samples, either solid or compressed and heated by laser-induced planar shock propagation. Thanks to absolute K-alpha yield measurements and its very good agreement with results from numerical simulations, we quantify the collisional and resistive fast electron stopping powers: for electron current densities of approximate to 8 x 10(10) A/cm(2) they reach 1.5 keV/mu m and 0.8 keV/mu m, respectively. For higher current densities up to 10(12) A/cm(2), numerical simulations show resistive and collisional energy losses at comparable levels. Analytical estimations predict the resistive stopping power will be kept on the level of 1 keV/mu m for electron current densities of 10(14) A/cm(2), representative of the full-scale conditions in the fast ignition of inertially confined fusion targets.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

149 results on '"Fabien Dorchies"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources