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1,098 results on '"FUSCO, G"'

1. Articulated trilobite ontogeny: Suggestions for a methodological standard

Author

Hughes, NC, Adrain, JM, Holmes, JD, Hong, PS, Hopkins, MJ, Hou, JB, Minelli, A, Park, TYS, Paterson, JR, Peng, J, Webster, M, Zhang, XG, Zhang, XL, and Fusco, G

Subjects
Geology, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, Paleontology
Abstract

In order to maximize the utility of future studies of trilobite ontogeny, we propose a set of standard practices that relate to the collection, nomenclature, description, depiction, and interpretation of ontogenetic series inferred from articulated specimens belonging to individual species. In some cases, these suggestions may also apply to ontogenetic studies of other fossilized taxa.

Published
2021

4. Assessing the Transparency of Methods in Scientific Reporting

Author

Zogmaister, C, Vezzoli, M, Facchin, A, Conte, F, Rizzi, E, Giaquinto, F, Cavicchiolo, E, Fusco, G, Pegoraro, S, Simioni, M, Zogmaister C., Vezzoli M., Facchin A., Conte F. P., Rizzi E., Giaquinto F., Cavicchiolo E., Fusco G., Pegoraro S., Simioni M., Zogmaister, C, Vezzoli, M, Facchin, A, Conte, F, Rizzi, E, Giaquinto, F, Cavicchiolo, E, Fusco, G, Pegoraro, S, Simioni, M, Zogmaister C., Vezzoli M., Facchin A., Conte F. P., Rizzi E., Giaquinto F., Cavicchiolo E., Fusco G., Pegoraro S., and Simioni M.

Abstract

Enhancing transparency in scientific reports is crucial to foster trust, facilitate reproducibility, and ensure the integrity of research, ultimately advancing the progress of knowledge and innovation. To devise strategies for enhancing transparency in scientific reports, the initial step is to assess the current state: to objectively measure the current level of transparency, identifying its shortcomings and associated factors, and to gauge improvements, for instance, following interventions. Here we present a new tool and a proof of concept to this endeavor. Using a checklist, we evaluated the methods transparency of a corpus of 180 papers published in 2011 and 2021 in five top-tier psychology journals. We specifically focused on the materials, procedures, and characteristics of population and sample. We summarized the level of transparency in the methods of each paper with the Transparency Of Methods (TOM) score. This score consists of the proportion of relevant information regarding the method that is available to the reader of a scientific report, either in the main text of the paper, or the appendixes, supplementary materials, and online open repository. It ranges from 0 (i.e., no transparency in the relevant aspects of the methods and materials) to 1 (i.e., the scientific report is fully transparent in all the relevant materials and methods). The results affirm TOM’s potential for assessing the transparency of scientific reporting and offer two snapshots of transparency in the methods of published papers, a decade apart. While they indicate progress has been made, there remains room for further enhancements and highlight specific areas that require attention. In conclusion, this work underscores the ongoing need for improvement in methods’ transparency and introduces a valuable tool, demonstrating its applicability as a means to evaluate the transparency of scientific reports.

Published
2024

7. T.07.7: CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) IN SICILY: FIRST RESULTS OF THE HCC SICILY MULTIDISCIPLINARY NETWORK

Author

Celsa, C., primary, Cabibbo, G., additional, Ciccia, R., additional, Di Maria, G., additional, Pagano, D., additional, Miraglia, R., additional, Maruzzelli, L., additional, Bavetta, M.G., additional, Barcellona, M.R., additional, Cocuzza, C., additional, Tavarelli, M., additional, Filomia, R., additional, Pitrone, C., additional, Malizia, G., additional, Bertino, G., additional, Salomone, F., additional, Distefano, M., additional, Mitra, M., additional, Cartabellotta, F., additional, Giannitrapani, L., additional, Giuffrida, D., additional, Spada, M., additional, Alaimo, G., additional, Sambataro, D., additional, Sportato, G., additional, Grassini, M.V., additional, Cannella, R., additional, Antonucci, M., additional, D'Amato, F., additional, Capodicasa, L., additional, Grova, A., additional, Rao, S., additional, Salvato, M., additional, Cusimano, G., additional, Gaudioso, V., additional, Sparacino, A., additional, Mercurio, F., additional, Rizzo, G.E.M., additional, Picciotto, V., additional, Montenegro, R., additional, Arena, S., additional, Saitta, C., additional, Russello, M., additional, Fusco, G., additional, Di Marco, V., additional, Gruttadauria, S., additional, and Cammà, C., additional

Published
2024
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8. Platonic Polyhedra, Topological Constraints and Periodic Solutions of the Classical $N$-Body Problem

Author

Fusco, G., Gronchi, G. F., and Negrini, P.

Subjects
Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 70F10, 70F15
Abstract

We prove the existence of a number of smooth periodic motions $u_*$ of the classical Newtonian $N$-body problem which, up to a relabeling of the $N$ particles, are invariant under the rotation group ${\cal R}$ of one of the five Platonic polyhedra. The number $N$ coincides with the order of ${\cal R}$ and the particles have all the same mass. Our approach is variational and $u_*$ is a minimizer of the Lagrangean action ${\cal A}$ on a suitable subset ${\cal K}$ of the $H^1$ $T$-periodic maps $u:{\bf R}\to {\bf R}^{3N}$. The set ${\cal K}$ is a cone and is determined by imposing to $u$ both topological and symmetry constraints which are defined in terms of the rotation group ${\cal R}$. There exist infinitely many such cones ${\cal K}$, all with the property that ${\cal A}|_{\cal K}$ is coercive. For a certain number of them, using level estimates and local deformations, we show that minimizers are free of collisions and therefore classical solutions of the $N$-body problem with a rich geometric-kinematic structure., Comment: 65 pages, 19 figures

Published
2009

16. Recognitions

Author

Botta, Enrico, Fusco, Gianna, Martínez Benedí, Pilar, and Scannavini, Anna

Subjects
Recognition, transcodification, translation, adaptation, United States of America, USA, Translation and interpretation
Abstract

The volume explores the interpretive potential of the polysemic idea of recognition as it intersects with phenomena of transcodification, transmediality, and transculturality. Focusing on translation, adaptation, (mis)recognition of cultural and social codes and identities, the contributors variously rely on recognition to rethink categorical, textual, and cultural crossings within the everchanging US historical, political, and cultural scenario.

Published
2025
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19. The rapid spread of SARS-COV-2 Omicron variant in Italy reflected early through wastewater surveillance

Author

La Rosa, G, Iaconelli, M, Veneri, C, Mancini, P, Bonanno Ferraro, G, Brandtner, D, Lucentini, L, Bonadonna, L, Rossi, M, Grigioni, M, Suffredini, E, Bucciarelli, G, Torlontano, P, Aprea, G, La Bianca, M, Cifarelli, R, Palma, A, La Vecchia, G, Lauria, G, Brienza, R, Montenegro, P, D'Argenzio, A, Cossentino, L, Olivares, R, Pizzolante, A, Fusco, G, Tosco, A, Porta, A, Pennino, F, Maria, T, Angelini, P, De Lellis, L, Nasci, D, Alborali, G, Formenti, N, Guarneri, F, Fontani, N, Nani, G, Palumbo, F, Borlone, G, Guercio, M, Gentili, L, Mariuz, M, Trani, G, Pariani, A, Ancona, C, Giorgi, D, Ferrante, I, Monfrinotti, M, Riosa, S, Capparuccini, V, Scicluna, M, Cersini, A, Arizzi, M, Cecchini, G, Ottaviano, C, Nicosia, E, Grasselli, E, Allaria, G, Izzotti, A, Rosatto, S, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Losio, M, Bertasi, B, Aliscioni, A, Oliva, D, Castiglioni, S, Schiarea, S, Zuccato, E, Antonelli, M, Azzellino, A, Malpei, F, Turolla, A, Binda, S, Laura, P, Primache, V, Cocuzza, C, Franzetti, A, Bertanza, G, Callegari, M, Bolognini, L, Filippetti, F, Paniccia', M, Ciuti, F, Briscolini, S, Magi, S, Colitti, M, Montanaro, C, Cerroni, M, Griglio, B, Berruti, R, Cravero, M, Costa, A, Bianchi, M, Decastelli, L, Romano, A, Zuccon, F, Carraro, E, Pignata, C, Bonetta, S, Di Vittorio, G, Mongelli, O, De Giglio, O, Apollonio, F, Triggiano, F, Montagna, M, Ungaro, N, Palermo, M, Maida, C, Mazzucco, W, De Grazia, S, Giammanco, G, Purpari, G, Ferrante, M, Agodi, A, Barchitta, M, Cala', P, Carducci, A, Verani, M, Federigi, I, Lauretani, G, Muzio, S, Ramazzotti, M, Antonelli, A, Ricci, E, Santoro, G, Federici, E, Petricciuolo, M, Barigelli, S, Ruffier, M, Borney, F, Grange, E, Damasco, F, Russo, F, Pitter, G, Groppi, V, Rigoli, F, Zampini, M, Baldovin, T, Amoruso, I, Mengon, E, Cadonna, M, Postinghel, M, Pizzo, F, Schiavuzzi, A, Cutrupi, F, Foladori, P, Manara, S, Zago, L, Stenico, A, Prast, A, La Rosa G., Iaconelli M., Veneri C., Mancini P., Bonanno Ferraro G., Brandtner D., Lucentini L., Bonadonna L., Rossi M., Grigioni M., Suffredini E., Bucciarelli G., Torlontano P., Aprea G., La Bianca M., Cifarelli R. A., Palma A., La Vecchia G., Lauria G., Brienza R., Montenegro P., D'Argenzio A., Cossentino L., Olivares R., Pizzolante A., Fusco G., Tosco A., Porta A., Pennino F., Maria T., Angelini P., De Lellis L., Nasci D., Alborali G., Formenti N., Guarneri F., Fontani N., Nani G., Palumbo F., Borlone G., Guercio M., Gentili L., Mariuz M., Trani G., Pariani A., Ancona C., Giorgi D. A., Ferrante I., Monfrinotti M., Riosa S., Capparuccini V., Scicluna M. T., Cersini A., Arizzi M., Cecchini G., Ottaviano C., Nicosia E., Grasselli E., Allaria G., Izzotti A., Rosatto S., Ammoni E., Cereda D., Losio M. N., Bertasi B., Aliscioni A., Oliva D., Castiglioni S., Schiarea S., Zuccato E., Antonelli M., Azzellino A., Malpei F., Turolla A., Binda S., Laura P., Primache V., Cocuzza C., Franzetti A., Bertanza G., Callegari M. L., Bolognini L., Filippetti F., Paniccia' M., Ciuti F., Briscolini S., Magi S., Colitti M., Montanaro C., Cerroni M. G., Griglio B., Berruti R., Cravero M., Costa A., Bianchi M., Decastelli L., Romano A., Zuccon F., Carraro E., Pignata C., Bonetta S., Di Vittorio G., Mongelli O., De Giglio O., Apollonio F., Triggiano F., Montagna M. T., Ungaro N., Palermo M., Maida C. M., Mazzucco W., De Grazia S., Giammanco G., Purpari G., Ferrante M., Agodi A., Barchitta M., Cala' P., Carducci A., Verani M., Federigi I., Lauretani G., Muzio S., Ramazzotti M., Antonelli A., Ricci E., Santoro G., Federici E., Petricciuolo M., Barigelli S., Ruffier M., Borney F., Grange E., Damasco F., Russo F., Pitter G., Groppi V., Rigoli F., Zampini M., Baldovin T., Amoruso I., Mengon E., Cadonna M., Postinghel M., Pizzo F., Schiavuzzi A., Cutrupi F., Foladori P., Manara S., Zago L., Stenico A., Prast A. -M., La Rosa, G, Iaconelli, M, Veneri, C, Mancini, P, Bonanno Ferraro, G, Brandtner, D, Lucentini, L, Bonadonna, L, Rossi, M, Grigioni, M, Suffredini, E, Bucciarelli, G, Torlontano, P, Aprea, G, La Bianca, M, Cifarelli, R, Palma, A, La Vecchia, G, Lauria, G, Brienza, R, Montenegro, P, D'Argenzio, A, Cossentino, L, Olivares, R, Pizzolante, A, Fusco, G, Tosco, A, Porta, A, Pennino, F, Maria, T, Angelini, P, De Lellis, L, Nasci, D, Alborali, G, Formenti, N, Guarneri, F, Fontani, N, Nani, G, Palumbo, F, Borlone, G, Guercio, M, Gentili, L, Mariuz, M, Trani, G, Pariani, A, Ancona, C, Giorgi, D, Ferrante, I, Monfrinotti, M, Riosa, S, Capparuccini, V, Scicluna, M, Cersini, A, Arizzi, M, Cecchini, G, Ottaviano, C, Nicosia, E, Grasselli, E, Allaria, G, Izzotti, A, Rosatto, S, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Losio, M, Bertasi, B, Aliscioni, A, Oliva, D, Castiglioni, S, Schiarea, S, Zuccato, E, Antonelli, M, Azzellino, A, Malpei, F, Turolla, A, Binda, S, Laura, P, Primache, V, Cocuzza, C, Franzetti, A, Bertanza, G, Callegari, M, Bolognini, L, Filippetti, F, Paniccia', M, Ciuti, F, Briscolini, S, Magi, S, Colitti, M, Montanaro, C, Cerroni, M, Griglio, B, Berruti, R, Cravero, M, Costa, A, Bianchi, M, Decastelli, L, Romano, A, Zuccon, F, Carraro, E, Pignata, C, Bonetta, S, Di Vittorio, G, Mongelli, O, De Giglio, O, Apollonio, F, Triggiano, F, Montagna, M, Ungaro, N, Palermo, M, Maida, C, Mazzucco, W, De Grazia, S, Giammanco, G, Purpari, G, Ferrante, M, Agodi, A, Barchitta, M, Cala', P, Carducci, A, Verani, M, Federigi, I, Lauretani, G, Muzio, S, Ramazzotti, M, Antonelli, A, Ricci, E, Santoro, G, Federici, E, Petricciuolo, M, Barigelli, S, Ruffier, M, Borney, F, Grange, E, Damasco, F, Russo, F, Pitter, G, Groppi, V, Rigoli, F, Zampini, M, Baldovin, T, Amoruso, I, Mengon, E, Cadonna, M, Postinghel, M, Pizzo, F, Schiavuzzi, A, Cutrupi, F, Foladori, P, Manara, S, Zago, L, Stenico, A, Prast, A, La Rosa G., Iaconelli M., Veneri C., Mancini P., Bonanno Ferraro G., Brandtner D., Lucentini L., Bonadonna L., Rossi M., Grigioni M., Suffredini E., Bucciarelli G., Torlontano P., Aprea G., La Bianca M., Cifarelli R. A., Palma A., La Vecchia G., Lauria G., Brienza R., Montenegro P., D'Argenzio A., Cossentino L., Olivares R., Pizzolante A., Fusco G., Tosco A., Porta A., Pennino F., Maria T., Angelini P., De Lellis L., Nasci D., Alborali G., Formenti N., Guarneri F., Fontani N., Nani G., Palumbo F., Borlone G., Guercio M., Gentili L., Mariuz M., Trani G., Pariani A., Ancona C., Giorgi D. A., Ferrante I., Monfrinotti M., Riosa S., Capparuccini V., Scicluna M. T., Cersini A., Arizzi M., Cecchini G., Ottaviano C., Nicosia E., Grasselli E., Allaria G., Izzotti A., Rosatto S., Ammoni E., Cereda D., Losio M. N., Bertasi B., Aliscioni A., Oliva D., Castiglioni S., Schiarea S., Zuccato E., Antonelli M., Azzellino A., Malpei F., Turolla A., Binda S., Laura P., Primache V., Cocuzza C., Franzetti A., Bertanza G., Callegari M. L., Bolognini L., Filippetti F., Paniccia' M., Ciuti F., Briscolini S., Magi S., Colitti M., Montanaro C., Cerroni M. G., Griglio B., Berruti R., Cravero M., Costa A., Bianchi M., Decastelli L., Romano A., Zuccon F., Carraro E., Pignata C., Bonetta S., Di Vittorio G., Mongelli O., De Giglio O., Apollonio F., Triggiano F., Montagna M. T., Ungaro N., Palermo M., Maida C. M., Mazzucco W., De Grazia S., Giammanco G., Purpari G., Ferrante M., Agodi A., Barchitta M., Cala' P., Carducci A., Verani M., Federigi I., Lauretani G., Muzio S., Ramazzotti M., Antonelli A., Ricci E., Santoro G., Federici E., Petricciuolo M., Barigelli S., Ruffier M., Borney F., Grange E., Damasco F., Russo F., Pitter G., Groppi V., Rigoli F., Zampini M., Baldovin T., Amoruso I., Mengon E., Cadonna M., Postinghel M., Pizzo F., Schiavuzzi A., Cutrupi F., Foladori P., Manara S., Zago L., Stenico A., and Prast A. -M.

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant emerged in South Africa in November 2021, and has later been identified worldwide, raising serious concerns. A real-time RT-PCR assay was designed for the rapid screening of the Omicron variant, targeting characteristic mutations of the spike gene. The assay was used to test 737 sewage samples collected throughout Italy (19/21 Regions) between 11 November and 25 December 2021, with the aim of assessing the spread of the Omicron variant in the country. Positive samples were also tested with a real-time RT-PCR developed by the European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), and through nested RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Overall, 115 samples tested positive for Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant. The first occurrence was detected on 7 December, in Veneto, North Italy. Later on, the variant spread extremely fast in three weeks, with prevalence of positive wastewater samples rising from 1.0% (1/104 samples) in the week 5–11 December, to 17.5% (25/143 samples) in the week 12–18, to 65.9% (89/135 samples) in the week 19–25, in line with the increase in cases of infection with the Omicron variant observed during December in Italy. Similarly, the number of Regions/Autonomous Provinces in which the variant was detected increased from one in the first week, to 11 in the second, and to 17 in the last one. The presence of the Omicron variant was confirmed by the JRC real-time RT-PCR in 79.1% (91/115) of the positive samples, and by Sanger sequencing in 66% (64/97) of PCR amplicons. In conclusion, we designed an RT-qPCR assay capable to detect the Omicron variant, which can be successfully used for the purpose of wastewater-based epidemiology. We also described the history of the introduction and diffusion of the Omicron variant in the Italian population and territory, confirming the effectiveness of sewage monitoring as a powerful surveillance tool.

Published
2022

22. AI-Driven Diagnosis: Enhancing HCV-Related Cirrhosis Detection with Multilayer Perceptron Networks.

Author

Bronte, F., Affronti, A., Gambino, F., Mogavero, G., Bavetta, M.G., Barcellona, M.R., Fusco, G., Esposito, S., Gaddi, A.V., and Aragona, E.

Abstract

Liver cirrhosis, particularly due to chronic HCV infection, is a leading cause of liver-related complications and mortality worldwide. Traditional diagnostic methods include clinical assessments, imaging, and invasive procedures, such as liver biopsy, which, despite their accuracy, carry limitations related to invasiveness and cost. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning (ML), provide promising tools for more efficient, non-invasive diagnostic solutions. This study explores the utility of a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network to differentiate chronic hepatitis from cirrhosis in patients with HCV, aiming to improve diagnostic precision and reduce invasive testing. The study's main objective was to assess the accuracy of an MLP neural network model trained on clinical and laboratory data to diagnose HCV-related cirrhosis. The model's performance was compared with established non-invasive tests (APRI, FIB-4, and VCTE) commonly used in clinical practice. The MLP model demonstrated robust performance in diagnosing HCV-related cirrhosis, achieving an accuracy of 87.74%. It correctly classified 346 cases of chronic hepatitis and 284 cases of cirrhosis. The AUROC values were 0.927 for chronic hepatitis and 0.934 for cirrhosis, indicating excellent discriminative capability. Sensitivity and specificity of the MLP model were superior to those of conventional non-invasive APRI (AUROC 0.834) and FIB-4 (AUROC 0.868). For chronic hepatitis, the model achieved a precision of 87.8% and a recall of 89.6%, while for cirrhosis, it demonstrated a precision of 87.7% and a recall of 85.5%. The F1 scores for chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were 0.887 and 0.866, respectively, highlighting a balanced performance in identifying true positives and minimizing false positives and negatives. The mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.146 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.3111 indicated that the predictions were closely aligned with actual classifications, with minimal significant errors. Key attributes influencing the model's predictions included liver stiffness (FibroScan), INR, platelet count, and diabetes, emphasizing their relevance in distinguishing between chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The study highlights the potential of AI, specifically MLP neural networks, as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for HCV-related cirrhosis. The MLP model's superior performance compared to standard methods supports its potential use in clinical practice, where it could reduce the need for invasive procedures like liver biopsy and provide personalized risk assessment for patients. Future research should focus on validating this model across diverse patient populations and exploring other ML algorithms to enhance diagnostic accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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33. SI-Lab annual research report 2021

Author

Righi M., Leone G. R., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Berti A., Bruno A., Buongiorno R., Carloni G., Conti F., Germanese D., Ignesti G., Matarese F., Omrani A., Pachetti E., Papini O., Benassi A., Bertini G., Coltelli P., Tarabella L., Straface S., Salvetti O., and Moroni D.

Subjects
Human-Computer Interaction, Artificial Intelligence, Signal Processing, Intelligent systems, Topological data analysis, Quality-of-Life, Computer vision, Inclusion and accessibility
Abstract

The Signal & Images Laboratory is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, intelligent vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI) of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2021.

Published
2022

39. Characteristics and management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Sicily: first results of the HCC Sicily Multidisciplinary Network

Author

Celsa, C., Cabibbo, G., Ciccia, R., Di Maria, G., Pagano, D., Miraglia, R., Maruzzelli, L., Bavetta, M.G., Barcellona, M.R., Cocuzza, C., Tavarelli, M., F, R., Pitrone, C., Malizia, G., Bertino, G., Salomone, F., Distefano, M., Mitra, M., Cartabellotta, F., Giannitrapani, L., Giuffrida, D., Spada, M., Alaimo, G., Sambataro, D., Sportato, G., Grassini, M.V., Cannella, R., Antonucci, M., D'Amato, F., Capodicasa, L., Grova, A., Rao, S., Salvato, M., Cusimano, G., Gaudioso, V., Sparacino, A., Mercurio, F., Rizzo, M., Picciotto, V., Montenegro, R., Arena, S., Saitta, C., Russello, M., Fusco, G., Di Marco, V., Gruttadauria, S., and Cammà, C.

Published
2024
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43. Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in southern Italy: Epidemiological survey and associated risk for consumers

Author

Sgroi G, Viscardi M, Santoro M, Borriello G, D'Alessio N, Boccia F, Pacifico L, Fioretti A, Veneziano V, Fusco G., Sgroi, G, Viscardi, M, Santoro, M, Borriello, G, D'Alessio, N, Boccia, F, Pacifico, L, Fioretti, A, Veneziano, V, and Fusco, G.

Subjects
genotyping, Italy, Toxoplasma gondii, wild boar
Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread protozoan parasite (phylum Apicomplexa), which causes a zoonotic parasitic disease, known as toxoplasmosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and genotypes of T. gondii in wild boars of southern Italy and thus to assess the risk of infection for consumers. The boars were inspected during the hunting season within the regional project ‘Wild Boar Emergency Plan in Campania’, and molecular analyses were performed on 338 boars analysing a total number of 884 matrices (263 brains, 310 hearts and 311 masseter muscles). Toxoplasma gondii was detected in 134 out of 338 boars (39.6%). No significant statistical difference between genders was found (χ2 = 0.15 p = .70). The prevalence was 47.1%, 39.3% and 39.2% in piglets, yearlings and adults, respectively (χ2 = 0.41; p = .81). The highest prevalence of T. gondii was found in masseter muscles (74/311, 23.8%), followed by the heart (70/310, 22.6%) and brain (58/263, 22.0%), respectively. Microsatellite (MS) analysis of 11 samples revealed eleven T. gondii genotypes (nine atypical, one belonging to type II one to type III). Most of the genotypes found were thus atypical and may be virulent in humans. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed the presence of three distinct clusters, with the majority of atypical genotypes in the GII-GIII cluster. The high prevalence of infection in masseters highlights the potential risk for public health, considering that this muscle is commonly used to prepare raw meat products (‘guanciale’ and sausages), which may be a source of T. gondii infection in humans. Wild boars may act as an interface role between wildlife, livestock and humans. Our data highlight the urgent need to minimize the risk of infection for animals and humans by setting up a surveillance programme and preventive strategies in a One Health approach to wildlife species.

Published
2020

44. Canine parvovirus and pseudorabies virus coinfection as a cause of death in a wolf (Canis lupus) from southern Italy

Author

Amoroso MG, Di Concilio D, D'Alessio N, Veneziano V, Galiero G, Fusco G, Amoroso, Mg, Di Concilio, D, D'Alessio, N, Veneziano, V, Galiero, G, and Fusco, G

Subjects
canine parvovirus, Canis lupus, pseudorabies virus, sequencing
Abstract

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) or suid herpesvirus 1 (SHV-1) is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease, a highly contagious viral infection which causes neurological fatal illness in mammals other than suids. Here we report a case of a young wolf (Canis lupus) of around 2 years found dead by a hunter in the province of Avellino, Campania Region. Necropsy showed pathological findings consistent with encephalitis and gastroenteritis. Organs were analysed by microbiological and molecular investigations following standard procedures to ascertain the possible cause of death. Real-time PCR revealed the presence of PRV in the brain and of canine parvovirus 2b in organs like intestine, liver, brain, kidney and pancreas. Death probably occurred very shortly after SHV-1 infection in an animal already weakened by parvovirosis.

Published
2020

47. Long-chain polyphosphates impair SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication: a route for therapy in man

Author

Giuseppe Castaldo, Borriello G, Hyeri Kim, Fusco G, Ferrucci, Siciliano R, Angelo Boccia, Tiberio C, Kong D, Pierri Bm, Quarantelli F, Yun K, Marika Comegna, Monica Rd, Martina Bianchi, G. Paolella, Pisano I, Zollo M, Atripaldi L, Viscardi M, Barbara Izzo, Criscuolo G, Cerino P, Brandi S, Asadzadeh F, Marrone L, Jae Ho Cheong, Stefano Pascarella, and Chiariotti L

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, viruses, RNA, Biology, Virology, In vitro, Virus, Amino acid, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Viral replication, Transcription (biology), RNA polymerase, Subgenomic mRNA
Abstract

Anti-viral activities of long-chain inorganic polyphosphates (PolyPs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection were investigated. In molecular docking analyses, PolyPs interacted with several conserved angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) amino acids. We thus tested PolyPs for functional interactionsin vitroin SARS-CoV-2–infected Vero E6, Caco2 and human primary nasal epithelial cells. Immunofluorescence, qPCR, direct RNA sequencing, FISH and Immunoblotting were used to determine virus loads and transcription levels of genomic(g)RNAs and sub-genomic(sg)RNAs. We show that PolyP120 binds to ACE2 and enhances its proteasomal degradation. PolyP120 shows steric hindrance of the genomic Sars-CoV-2-RNA/RdRP complex, to impair synthesis of positive-sense gRNAs, viral subgenomic transcripts and structural proteins needed for viral replication. Thus, PolyP120 impairs infection and replication of Korean and European (containing non-synonymous variants) SARS-CoV-2 strains. As PolyPs have no toxic activities, we envision their use as a nebulised formula for oropharyngeal delivery to prevent infections of SARS-CoV-2 and during early phases of antiviral therapy.

Published
2020
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