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1. Modes of transmission and stability of Rice yellow mottle virus

Author

Uke Ayaka, Tibanyendela Naswiru, Ikeda Ryoichi, Fujiie Azusa, and Natsuaki Keiko Teresa

Subjects
Rice yellow mottle virus, stability, transmission, vector, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is the most important rice virus in Africa. We examined RYMV transmission via soil and water contaminated with RYMV-infected rice plants and by serial cutting with RYMV-contaminated scissors. Transmission of RYMV via dried rice straw kept at 27°C was also examined. The results showed the virus could be transmitted via soil and water, and by scissors. Rice straw that was RYMV-infected was not infective if it was dried and was kept longer than 42 days. By insect transmission experiments and ELISA, long-horned grasshoppers (Conocephalus spp.) were found to be a possible vector of RYMV in Uganda.

Published
2014
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6. Distributions of Sphyracephala detrahens (Diptera : Diopsidae) among the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Author

Fujiie, Azusa and Terashima, Yoshie

Subjects
Okinawa Islands, Sakisima Islands, Laboulbeniales, 先島諸島, ラブルベニア目菌類, シュモクバエ類, 沖縄諸島, stalked-eyed flies
Abstract

The distribution and densities of stalk-eyed flies (Diptera: Diopsidae) were investigated using an insect net and sticky trap boards with and without mashed banana between 2011 and 2013 at the Okinawa Islands (mainland Okinawa and Kume Island) and Sakishima Islands (Ishigaki, Iriomote, and Yonaguni islands), which are part of the Ryukyu Islands. The investigation revealed that the highest population densities of Sphyracephala detrahens, which was a kind of stalk-eyed flies, occurred on Ishigaki Island followed by Iriomote Island. No flies were observed on mainland Okinawa, Kume Island, or Yonaguni Island. Year-round emergence of adult flies was confirmed on Iriomote Island. Although the adult flies were attracted to mashed banana, they soon become satiated. The eye spans and eye stalks of the adult flies collected in July on Iriomote Island were significantly shorter than those of the adult flies collected on Ishigaki Island. Seasonal changes, but not yearly, were observed among adult flies on Ishigaki Island. Y indices [YID = eye span/(2 × eye stalk length)] of the adults were in the range of 0.96-0.98, which were nearly equal to the maximum value of 1. No fungi of the order Laboulbeniales were found on 279 adult flies using a dissecting microscope., 琉球諸島に位置する沖縄諸島の沖縄本島，久米島および先島諸島の石垣島，西表島，与那国島において，2011-2013年に捕虫網によるすくい取り調査とトラップ調査(バナナ粘着トラップ，粘着トラップ)によって，シュモクバエ類(シュモクバエ科，Diopsidae) の分布と密度を調査した．分布が確認されたのはヒメシュモクバエ Sphyracephala detrahens(Diptera : Diopsidae)で，分布密度は石垣島で最も高く，西表島がこれに次いだ．沖縄本島，久米島，与那国島には分布していないとみなされた．西表島における年間発生消長調査や分布密度調査によると成虫は通年発生していた．バナナには成虫に対する誘引効果はあったが持続的なものではなく，バナナに対する味覚飽和的な現象も認められた．7月に採集した石垣島個体群の成虫の眼幅と眼柄長の値は，西表島個体群より有意に大きかった.同じ石垣島個体群でも季節によって値は異なったが．年次間の有意差はなかった．成虫の眼柄のY字型度(YID=眼幅/(2×眼柄長))は，0.96-0.98と最大値の1に極めて近かった．成虫279頭を実体顕微鏡下で調べたが，ラブルベニア菌の寄生を確認できなかった．, 紀要論文

Published
2014

7. 琉球諸島におけるヒメシュモクバエ（ハエ目 : シュモクバエ科）の分布

Author

藤家, 梓, 寺嶋, 芳江, Fujiie, Azusa, Terashima, Yoshie, 藤家, 梓, 寺嶋, 芳江, Fujiie, Azusa, and Terashima, Yoshie

Abstract

The distribution and densities of stalk-eyed flies (Diptera: Diopsidae) were investigated using an insect net and sticky trap boards with and without mashed banana between 2011 and 2013 at the Okinawa Islands (mainland Okinawa and Kume Island) and Sakishima Islands (Ishigaki, Iriomote, and Yonaguni islands), which are part of the Ryukyu Islands. The investigation revealed that the highest population densities of Sphyracephala detrahens, which was a kind of stalk-eyed flies, occurred on Ishigaki Island followed by Iriomote Island. No flies were observed on mainland Okinawa, Kume Island, or Yonaguni Island. Year-round emergence of adult flies was confirmed on Iriomote Island. Although the adult flies were attracted to mashed banana, they soon become satiated. The eye spans and eye stalks of the adult flies collected in July on Iriomote Island were significantly shorter than those of the adult flies collected on Ishigaki Island. Seasonal changes, but not yearly, were observed among adult flies on Ishigaki Island. Y indices [YID = eye span/(2 × eye stalk length)] of the adults were in the range of 0.96-0.98, which were nearly equal to the maximum value of 1. No fungi of the order Laboulbeniales were found on 279 adult flies using a dissecting microscope., 琉球諸島に位置する沖縄諸島の沖縄本島，久米島および先島諸島の石垣島，西表島，与那国島において，2011-2013年に捕虫網によるすくい取り調査とトラップ調査(バナナ粘着トラップ，粘着トラップ)によって，シュモクバエ類(シュモクバエ科，Diopsidae) の分布と密度を調査した．分布が確認されたのはヒメシュモクバエ Sphyracephala detrahens(Diptera : Diopsidae)で，分布密度は石垣島で最も高く，西表島がこれに次いだ．沖縄本島，久米島，与那国島には分布していないとみなされた．西表島における年間発生消長調査や分布密度調査によると成虫は通年発生していた．バナナには成虫に対する誘引効果はあったが持続的なものではなく，バナナに対する味覚飽和的な現象も認められた．7月に採集した石垣島個体群の成虫の眼幅と眼柄長の値は，西表島個体群より有意に大きかった.同じ石垣島個体群でも季節によって値は異なったが．年次間の有意差はなかった．成虫の眼柄のY字型度(YID=眼幅/(2×眼柄長))は，0.96-0.98と最大値の1に極めて近かった．成虫279頭を実体顕微鏡下で調べたが，ラブルベニア菌の寄生を確認できなかった．

Published
2014

11. Short Communication.

Author

FUJIIE, Azusa, OTIM, Micheal H., TSUBOI, Tatsushi, GOTO, Akio, MATSUMOTO, Shunsuke, OIDA, Hiroshi, UKE, Ayaka, and NATSUAKI, Keiko T.

Abstract

We investigated the occurrence of insect pests and natural enemies on rice plants and weeds around rice fields in Uganda, East Africa, during 2010 and 2013. The following pest arthropods were collected with an insect net: large-sized stalk-eyed fly (Diopsis longicornis), small-sized stalk-eyed fly (D. apicalis), plant bugs (Pentatomidae and Alydidae), planthoppers and leafhoppers (Delphacidae and Cicadellidae), leaf beetles (Chaetocnema spp., Chrysispa viridicyanea and Altica spp.), short-horned grasshoppers (Coryphosima spp. etc.) and long-horned grasshoppers (Tettigoniidae). Small-sized natural enemies, such as parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Cynipoidea, Braconidae and Ichneumonidae), were also captured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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14. Identification of the Aggregation Pheromone of the Brown-Winged Green Bug, Plautia stali SCOTT (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Author

SUGIE, Hajime, primary, YOSHIDA, Mitsuru, additional, KAWASAKI, Kenjiro, additional, NOGUCHI, Hiroshi, additional, MORIYA, Seiichi, additional, TAKAGI, Kazuo, additional, FUKUDA, Hiroshi, additional, FUJIIE, Azusa, additional, YAMANAKA, Masahiro, additional, OHIRA, Yoshio, additional, TSUTSUMI, Takafumi, additional, TSUDA, Katsuo, additional, FUKUMOTO, Katsuhiko, additional, YAMASHITA, Miyoshi, additional, and SUZUKI, Hiroshi, additional

Published
1996
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22. Primers based on specific ITS sequences of rDNAs for PCR detection of two fairy ring fungi of turfgrass, Vascellum pratenseand Lycoperdon pusillum

Author

Terashima, Yoshie, Ogiwara, Katsutoshi, Seki, Akihiro, Kojima, Masatoshi, Kubo, Chikako, and Fujiie, Azusa

Abstract

Vascellum pratenseand Lycoperdon pusillumcause fairy ring disease on turfgrass in golf courses. For effective disease control, detection of the mycelia of the two fungi in the soil is important. Comparing the sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of these fungi with each other and with those from the database, we designed four pairs of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for each fungus. The primers allowed amplification of the DNA of the objective fungi singly, but of no other DNA from field-collected mushroom-forming fungi or soilborne turfgrass pathogenic fungi.

Published
2002
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23. Relationship between cumulative heat units and fruit-body emergence of ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma bakamatsutakein the fields

Author

Terashima, Yoshie, Fujiie, Azusa, and Tomiya, Kenzo

Abstract

The relationship between cumulative heat units and fruit-body emergence of Tricholoma bakamatsutakewas examined by using the method used for estimating dates of adult emergence of insects. Fruit-body numbers at a study site at Tateyama, Chiba Prefecture and records at a weather station near the site from 1987 to 1993 were used. For the seven years, daily average temperatures above the developmental threshold were cumulated for the days following induction of fruit-body development. The developmental threshold was taken to be 0°C, and the day when the daily minimum temperature fell to near 20°C in each year was taken as the day of induction of fruit-body development. A linear relationship between fruit-body numbers and daily average temperatures was observed as follows: Y= 0.00376X-t-1.873 (r=0.810), where Y is the probit of percentage of cumulative fruit-bodies, and X is the heat units above 0°C cumulated for the days following induction of fruit-body development. X for Y = 5, which represents the cumulative emergence of 50% of fruit-bodies, was estimated to be 832 day-degrees.

Published
1995
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