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The scrapbooks and wartime papers of American Alma A. Clarke reveal how one woman repurposed gendered propaganda during the Great War. Clarke was in France from January 1918 to July 1919 as both a child welfare worker with the Comité franco-américain pour la protection des enfants de la frontière and as an auxiliary nurse in the American Red Cross Military Hospital in Neuilly-sur-Seine. The Great War provided Clarke with new ways to contribute, new arenas in which to share her expertise, and perhaps most importantly, new perspectives on the significance of her contributions to society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an analysis on the art of political propaganda during the revolution in France. It focuses on the paint "The Death of Marat," by painter Jacques-Louis David, which depicted on the death of political agitator and radical journalist Jean-Paul Marat. It also discusses the artistic expression of David seen in his painting, the Christian imagery set by David of Marat painting, and the diminishing of the reputation and importance of journalist Charlotte Corday on the painting.

The imagery in real photo propaganda postcards from World War I was carefully constructed around themes of national identity and the proper attitude of soldiers and civilians. This brief sample considers some of the ways that France and Germany employed images of women to reflect the state and its ideals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Allied landings of November 1942 were a critical step towards the final victory over the Axis; they were also meaningful in terms of Morocco's foreign and domestic policy, marking a sharp turn towards the USA and the West that endured far into the future. The arrival of the Americans revived the hopes of the nationalists, encouraged the Sultan to defy the French, and stimulated military and diplomatic contacts between the Moroccan political class and the Americans. The landing also produced a windfall of goods that relieved the suffering of the Moroccan people, as well as a wealth of propaganda on all sides. Nazi media seized upon the event to vilify both Americans and Jews, French propaganda stressed the ignorance of Americans about Muslim customs, while American propaganda featured symbols of its military might. For Moroccan–American relations, the landings are highlighted as contributing to a progressive relationship of warmth and friendliness stretching back to the time of the early Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article focuses on North African soldiers who served in the French army of occupation in western Germany after its liberation in 1945. Taking as its starting point Rachid Bouchareb's 2006 film, Indigènes, the article contrasts claims the film made about the memorial exclusion of the colonial soldier with his surprising centrality to French accounts of their own military exploits. Using publications issued by the army for its internal readership and archival records of the military occupation's day-to-day activities, the author argues for a modified understanding of the French Republican notion of assimilation that is able to take account of the prolific representation of the North African soldier, and his accommodation, in Cold War Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses how the image of Cardinal Jules Mazarin is presented in the "Mémoires" of the Cardinal Jean-François Paul de Gondi de Retz. Topics mentioned include how the negative portrayal of Mazarin in Retz's memoirs would benefit the Retz's political allies in the struggles for power during the Fronde wars, the biographical parallels between the two men, and a comparison between Mazarin's alleged corrupt political intrigues and Machiavellian behavior and Retz's own strategic maneuvers.

This article discusses the impact of the earthquake of 1755 that was centered in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Portugal. It examines the destruction caused by the earthquake in several Portuguese cities, including Lisbon, Setoubal, and Cadiz, as well as on surrounding countries and territories, such as Morocco and the Caribbean Islands. The author also analyzes how the earthquake was depicted and reported in the media at the time, citing various testimonies by witnesses to the disaster that appeared in English and French propaganda, according to the author.

The article discusses the French propaganda campaign of 1755-1756 which was designed to present France in the U.S. as the victim of British aggression. The author states that the French ministry published collections of diplomatic documents, commissioned pamphlets, and printed news items in the French and European press. Another goal of the campaign was to keep the Dutch on the side of the French. The importance of Dutch and European diplomatic opinion is explored. The article also examines the use of propaganda in the 17th and 18th-centuries.

This article discusses ways of bolstering national morale during the war in France. Although the general objectives of the morale services of all belligerent countries are similar, details of strategy and minor tactics must differ widely to meet varying circumstances. This article presents a description of the techniques of censorship, propaganda, and counter-propaganda employed in France today. Thus the French Government was directly challenged to act. Measures taken have been of three kinds. In the first place attempts have been made to stop propaganda at its source whenever possible. In the second place, propaganda that could not be stopped has been met by counter-propaganda. Finally, acting on the principle that germs of defeatist propaganda can grow only on a weakened and crippled organism, the Government has endeavored to keep the soldiers in such a sound moral and physical condition as will enable them to resist any microbes which do succeed in reaching them. All of these techniques, some of which are so different from those of the last war, are the means of keeping the French soldier in high spirits. That so far they have been found, sufficient does not mean that they may not have to be developed, improved or altered as the war changes in character.