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This paper concentrates on addressing fractional inequalities for exponential type convex functions. By means of exponential-type convexity, we firstly establish Hermite-Hadamard (HH) type inequalities for fractional integrals with exponential kernels. Secondly, based on the discovered fractional identity by separating [a; b] to n equal subintervals, and the fact that the twice derivative in absolute value is exponential type convex, we present multipoint-based HH inequalities, which cover the trapezoid- and Bullen-type inequalities for n = 1 and 2, correspondingly. During the period, some numerical examples with graphs are provided to show the validity of the deduced inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the piecewise Chebyshev cardinal functions (PCCFs) are handled to design a highly accurate direct method to solve a category of fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs) involving the Caputo–Katugampola fractional derivative (as a generalisation of the Caputo derivative) in a large domain. These cardinal functions have many useful features, such as cardinality, exponential accuracy and orthogonality. Notice that the exponential accuracy makes it possible to obtain an approximate solution with very high accuracy for the problem under consideration by applying only a small number of basis functions. In this regard, first, the ordinary and fractional integral matrices of the PCCFs are obtained to construct a direct method using them. Then, the constructed approach turns to solve the FOCP under consideration into deriving the solution of an algebraic system (by the aid of approximating the state and control variables based on the PCCFs). To show the validity of the established technique some illustrative examples are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a robust and simple technique with efficient algorithmic implementation for numerically solving the nonlocal evolution problems. A theta-type (θ -type) convolution quadrature rule is derived to approximate the nonlocal integral term in the problem under consideration, such that θ ∈ (1 2 , 1) , which remains untreated in the literature. The proposed approaches are based on the θ method ( 1 2 ≤ θ ≤ 1 ) for the time derivative and the constructed θ -type convolution quadrature rule for the fractional integral term. A detailed error analysis of the proposed scheme is provided with respect to the usual convolution kernel and the tempered one. In order to fully discretize our problem, we implement the orthogonal spline collocation (OSC) method with piecewise Hermite bicubic for spatial operators. Stability and error estimates of the proposed θ -OSC schemes are discussed. Finally, some numerical experiments are introduced to demonstrate the efficiency of our theoretical findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work we study the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral of order α ∈ (0 , 1 / p) as an operator from L p (I ; X) into L q (I ; X) , with 1 ≤ q ≤ p / (1 - p α) , whether I = [ t 0 , t 1 ] or I = [ t 0 , ∞) and X is a Banach space. Our main result provides necessary and sufficient conditions to ensure the compactness of the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral from L p (t 0 , t 1 ; X) into L q (t 0 , t 1 ; X) , when 1 ≤ q < p / (1 - p α) . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we focus on the application of fractional differential calculus in image processing, specifically in the context of image decoding techniques. The article presents different methods of image decoding based on Riemann–Liouville fractional integration and compares their performance with established methods in the denoising of noisy images. Here we create new fractional masks by using the Middle Point approach method, the Grumwald–Letnikov scheme, the Toufik–Riemann scheme, and the Euler method with the help of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral operator. The results demonstrate that the suggested algorithms outperform the compared techniques. The paper also suggests that the concepts presented can be applied to other definitions of fractional calculus. The future research goal is to determine the optimal fractional order for a given set of algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we find the necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness of commutators of fractional integral and fractional maximal operators generated by Gegenbauer differential operator in G$$ G $$‐Morrey spaces. We consider the generalized shift operator, associated with the Gegenbauer differential operator Gλ=x2−112−λddx×$$ {G}_{\lambda }={\left({x}^2-1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}-\lambda}\frac{d}{dx}\times $$×x2−1λ+12ddx$$ \times {\left({x}^2-1\right)}^{\lambda +\frac{1}{2}}\frac{d}{dx} $$. The commutator JGb,α$$ {J}_G^{b,\alpha } $$ of fractional integral JGα$$ {J}_G^{\alpha } $$ and the commutator MGb,α$$ {M}_G^{b,\alpha } $$ of fractional maximal operator MGα$$ {M}_G^{\alpha } $$ associated with the generalized shift operator are investigated. At first, we prove that the commutator JGb,α$$ {J}_G^{b,\alpha } $$ is bounded from G$$ G $$‐Morrey space Mp,λ,ν$$ {\mathcal{M}}_{p,\lambda, \nu } $$ to Mq,λ,ν$$ {\mathcal{M}}_{q,\lambda, \nu } $$. We prove that the commutator JGb,α$$ {J}_G^{b,\alpha } $$ is bounded from the G$$ G $$‐Morrey space Mp,λ,ν$$ {\mathcal{M}}_{p,\lambda, \nu } $$ to Mq,λ,ν$$ {\mathcal{M}}_{q,\lambda, \nu } $$ by the conditions 0<α<γ$$ 0<\alpha <\gamma $$, 1

Fractional Brownian motion (fBm) is an experimentally-relevant, non-Markovian Gaussian stochastic process with long-ranged correlations between the increments, parametrised by the so-called Hurst exponent H ; depending on its value the process can be sub-diffusive (0 < H < 1 / 2) , diffusive (H = 1 / 2) or super-diffusive (1 / 2 < H < 1) . There exist three alternative equally often used definitions of fBm—due to Lévy and due to Mandelbrot and van Ness (MvN), which differ by the interval on which the time variable is formally defined. Respectively, the covariance functions of these fBms have different functional forms. Moreover, the MvN fBms have stationary increments, while for the Lévy fBm this is not the case. One may therefore be tempted to conclude that these are, in fact, different processes which only accidentally bear the same name. Recently determined explicit path integral representations also appear to have very different functional forms, which only reinforces the latter conclusion. Here we develop a unifying equivalent path integral representation of all three fBms in terms of Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals, which links the fBms and proves that they indeed belong to the same family. We show that the action in such a representation involves the fractional integral of the same form and order (dependent on whether H < 1 / 2 or H > 1 / 2 ) for all three cases, and differs only by the integration limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the pseudo-order relation, we introduce the concept of left and right ℏ-preinvex interval-valued functions (LR-ℏ-PIVFs). Further, we establish the Hermite–Hadamard and Hermite–Hadamard–Fejér-type estimates for LR-ℏ-PIVFs using generalized fractional integrals. Finally, an example of interval-valued fractional integrals is provided to illustrate the validity of the results derived herein. Our results not only extend some existing inequalities for Hadamard, Riemann–Liouville, and Katugampola fractional integrals, but also provide new insights for future research on generalized convexity and IVFs, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current research, some midpoint-type inequalities are generalized for co-ordinated convex functions with the help of generalized conformable fractional integrals. Moreover, some findings of this paper include results based on Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and Riemann integrals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the properties of multipliers associated with discrete analogues of fractional integrals, revealing intriguing connections with Dirichlet characters, Euler's identity, and Dedekind zeta functions of quadratic imaginary fields. Employing Fourier transform techniques, the Hardy–Littlewood circle method, and a discrete analogue of the Stein–Weiss inequality on product space through implication methods, we establish ℓ p → ℓ q bounds for these operators. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between number theory and harmonic analysis in discrete domains, offering insights into the convergence behavior of these operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we first construct an integral identity associated with tempered fractional operators. By using this identity, we have found the error bounds for Simpson's second formula, namely Newton–Cotes quadrature formula for differentiable convex functions in the framework of tempered fractional integrals and classical calculus. Furthermore, it is also shown that the newly established inequalities are the extension of comparable inequalities inside the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to optimize the magnetomotive force and the end-winding leakage inductance from a discrete distribution of conductors in electrical machines through multi-objective particle swarm heuristics. From the development of an application capable of generating the conductor distribution for different machine configurations (single or poly-phase, single or double layer, integral or fractional slots, full or shortened pitch, with the presence of empty slots, etc.) the curves of magnetomotive force and the end-winding leakage inductance associated with the winding are computed. Taking as an optimal winding the one that presents, simultaneously, less harmonic distortion of the magnetomotive force and less leakage inductance, optimization by multi-objective particle swarm was used to obtain the optimal electrical machine configuration and the results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been shown that the findings of d -metric spaces may be deduced from S -metric spaces by considering d ϖ , ϰ = Λ ϖ , ϖ , ϰ . In this study, no such concepts that translate to the outcomes of metric spaces are considered. We establish standard fixed point theorems for integral type contractions involving rational terms in the context of complete S -metric spaces and discuss their implications. We also provide examples to illustrate the work. This paper's findings generalize and expand a number of previously published conclusions. In addition, the abstract conclusions are supported by an application of the Riemann-Liouville calculus to a fractional integral problem and a supportive numerical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simpson inequalities for first-order differentiable convex functions and various fractional integrals have been studied extensively. However, Simpson type inequalities for twice-differentiable functions are researched slightly. Therefore, in the present paper, we endeavor to study fractional inequalities of Simpson type for twice-differentiable convex functions. To achieve this goal, we establish a new twicedifferentiable Simpson's identity by using tempered fractional integral operators. Based upon it, we prove several fractional Simpson type inequalities whose second derivatives in absolute value are convex. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate the correctness of the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate a sequential fractional boundary value problem which contains a combination of Hilfer and Caputo fractional derivative operators and non-separated boundary conditions. We establish the existence of a unique solution via Banach's fixed point theorem, while by applying Leray–Schauder's nonlinear alternative, we prove an existence result. Finally, examples are provided to demonstrate the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, utilizing a wide class of fractional integral operators (namely the Raina fractional operator), we develop novel fractional integral inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type. With the help of the well-known Riemann–Liouville fractional operators, s-type convex functions are derived using the important results. We also note that some of the conclusions of this study are more reasonable than those found under certain specific conditions, e.g., s = 1 , λ = α ,   σ (0) = 1 , and w = 0 . In conclusion, the methodology described in this article is expected to stimulate further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, the authors introduce two notions, the normalized remainders, or say, the normalized tails, of the Maclaurin power series expansions of the sine and cosine functions, derive two integral representations of the normalized tails, prove the nonnegativity, positivity, decreasing property, and concavity of the normalized tails, compute several special values of the Young function, the Lommel function, and a generalized hypergeometric function, recover two inequalities for the tails of the Maclaurin power series expansions of the sine and cosine functions, propose three open problems about the nonnegativity, positivity, decreasing property, and concavity of a newly introduced function which is a generalization of the normalized tails of the Maclaurin power series expansions of the sine and cosine functions. These results are related to the Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new integral identity is provided. Based on this equality, Simpson-type dual integral inequalities for functions whose first derivatives are s-convex via Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals are established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the natural convective flow of hybrid nanofluid over the vertical plate has been examined. Cattaneo law of thermal flux is used to characterize thermal transport. The novel model for fractional constitutive equation is expressed by the time fractional Caputo–Fabrizio integral. The analytical solution of the generalized convective flow of viscous fluid over the vertical plate along generalized conditions is obtained by using the Laplace transform. Mathcad is used to determine numerically the influence of the physical and fractional parameters on the temperature and velocity field to depict the results graphically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new type of two-dimensional convexity by using total-order relations. In the first part of this paper, we examine the Hyers–Ulam stability of two-dimensional convex mappings by using the sandwich theorem. Our next step involves the development of Hermite–Hadamard inequality, including its weighted and product forms, by using a novel type of fractional operator having non-singular kernels. Moreover, we develop several nontrivial examples and remarks to demonstrate the validity of our main results. Finally, we examine approximate convex mappings and have left an open problem regarding the best optimal constants for two-dimensional approximate convexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research object of this paper is the mixed (κ , s) -Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of bivariate functions on rectangular regions, which is a natural generalization of the fractional integral of univariate functions. This paper first indicates that the mixed integral still maintains the validity of the classical properties, such as boundedness, continuity and bounded variation. Furthermore, we investigate fractal dimensions of bivariate functions under the mixed integral, including the Hausdorff dimension and the Box dimension. The main results indicate that fractal dimensions of the graph of the mixed (κ , s) -Riemann–Liouville integral of continuous functions with bounded variation are still two. The Box dimension of the mixed integral of two-dimensional continuous functions has also been calculated. Besides, we prove that the upper bound of the Box dimension of bivariate continuous functions under σ = (σ 1 , σ 2) order of the mixed integral is 3 − min { σ 1 κ , σ 2 κ } where  κ > 0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine certain open three-point Newton–Cotes-type inequalities for differentiable generalized s -convex functions on a fractal set. To begin, we introduce a novel parametrized identity involving the relevant formula, which yields various new findings as well as previously established ones. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the accuracy of the new results and their graphical depiction. Moreover, we emphasize the applications of the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we explore upper box dimension of continuous functions on [ 0 , 1 ] and their Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. Firstly, by comparing function limits, we prove that the upper box dimension of the Riemann–Liouville fractional order integral image of a continuous function will not exceed 2 − υ , the result similar to [Y. S. Liang and W. Y. Su, Fractal dimensions of fractional integral of continuous functions, Acta Math. Appl. Sin. E 32 (2016) 1494–1508]. Secondly, we prove that upper box dimension of multiple algebraic sums of continuous functions does not exceed the largest box dimension among them, backing up our conclusion with an appropriate example. Finally, we draw the same conclusions for the product of multiple continuous functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a fresh conception about convexity, known as the multiplicative (s , P) -convexity. Along with this direction, we research the properties of such type of convexity. In the framework of multiplicative fractional Riemann–Liouville integrals and under the ∗ differentiable (s , P) -convexity, we investigate the multiplicative fractional inequalities, including the Hermite–Hadamard- and Newton-type inequalities. To further verify the validity of our primary outcomes, we give a few numerical examples. As applications, we proffer a number of inequalities of multiplicative type in special means as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to present new fixed point theorems for two separate families of fuzzy-dominated mappings. These mappings must satisfy a unique locally contraction in a complete b-multiplicative metric space. Also, we have obtained novel results for families of fuzzy-dominated mappings on a closed ball that meet the requirements of a generalized locally contraction. This research introduces new and challenging fixed-point problems for families of ordered fuzzy-dominated mappings in ordered complete b-multiplicative metric spaces. Moreover, we demonstrate a new concept for families of fuzzy graph-dominated mappings on a closed ball in these spaces. Additionally, we present novel findings for graphic contraction endowed with graphic structure. These findings are groundbreaking and provide a strong foundation for future research in this field. To demonstrate the uniqueness of our novel findings, we provide evidence of their applicability in obtaining the common solution of integral and fractional differential equations. Our findings have resulted in modifications to several contemporary and classical results in the research literature. This provides further evidence of the originality and impact of our work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of tempered fractional integrals, we obtain a fundamental identity for differentiable convex functions. By employing this identity, we derive several modifications of fractional Milne inequalities, providing novel extensions to the domain of tempered fractional integrals. The research comprehensively examines significant functional classes, including convex functions, bounded functions, Lipschitzian functions, and functions of bounded variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce a novel multiparameterized fractional multiplicative integral identity and utilize it to derive a range of inequalities for multiplicatively s-convex mappings in connection with different quadrature rules involving one, two, and three points. Our results cover both new findings and established ones, offering a holistic framework for comprehending these inequalities. To validate our outcomes, we provide an illustrative example with visual aids. Furthermore, we highlight the practical significance of our discoveries by applying them to special means of real numbers within the realm of multiplicative calculus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that the tail probability of the rough line integral ∫ 0 1 ϕ (X t) d Y t , where (X, Y) is a 2D fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H ∈ (1 / 4 , 1 / 2) and ϕ is a C b ∞ -function satisfying a mild non-degeneracy condition on its derivative, cannot decay faster than a γ -Weibull tail with any exponent γ > 2 H + 1 . In particular, this produces a simple class of examples of differential equations driven by fBM, whose solutions fail to have Gaussian tail even though the underlying vector fields are assumed to be of class C b ∞ . This also demonstrates that the well-known upper tail estimate proved by Cass–Litterer–Lyons in 2013 is essentially sharp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces a novel generalization of the Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta function, which is precisely reducible to several remarkable extensions of the Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta function. Our new version of the Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta function is defined with the help of the generalized Beta function. Analytical characteristics such as differential formulas, generating functions, and multiple integral representations have been studied in further detail. We study the pathway fractional integral formulas for our newly generalized formation of the extended Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta functions. We attain several particular and limiting cases of our main results. We additionally look at some statistical uses of our defined Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta function in probability distribution theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let 0 < q ≤ ∞ , b be a slowly varying function and Φ : [ 0 , ∞) ⟶ [ 0 , ∞) be an increasing function with Φ (0) = 0 and lim r → ∞ Φ (r) = ∞ . In this paper, we introduce a new class of function spaces L Φ , q , b which unify and generalize the Lorentz-Karamata spaces with Φ (t) = t p and the Orlicz-Lorentz spaces with b ≡ 1 . Based on the new spaces, we introduce five new Hardy spaces containing martingales, the so-called Orlicz-Lorentz-Karamata Hardy martingale spaces and then develop a theory of these martingale Hardy spaces. To be precise, we first investigate several properties of Orlicz-Lorentz-Karamata spaces and then present Doob's maximal inequalities by using Hardy's inequalities. The characterization of these Hardy martingale spaces are constructed via the atomic decompositions. As applications of the atomic decompositions, martingale inequalities and the relation of the different martingale Hardy spaces are presented. The dual theorems and a new John-Nirenberg type inequality for the new framework are also established. Moreover, we study the boundedness of fractional integral operators on Orlicz-Lorentz-Karamata Hardy martingale spaces. The results obtained here generalize the previous results for Lorentz-Karamata Hardy martingale spaces as well as for Orlicz-Lorentz Hardy martingales spaces. Especially, we remove the condition that b is non-decreasing as in [38-39] and the condition q Φ - 1 < 1 / q in [24], respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work we generalize some results of the Riemann-Liouville fractional calculus for the tempered case, namely, we deal with some boundedness results of Riemann-Liouville tempered fractional integrals on continuous function space and Lebesgue spaces in bounded intervals and on the real line. Moreover, the limit behavior of the Riemann-Liouville tempered fractional integrals approaching to the Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop the martingale theory in the framework of Lorentz amalgam spaces. Atomic decompositions for the martingale Hardy Lorentz amalgam spaces are established. As applications of atomic decompositions, the dual spaces of the martingale Hardy Lorentz amalgam spaces are characterized. Furthermore, when the stochastic basis is regular, the boundedness of the fractional integrals on martingale Hardy Lorentz amalgam spaces is proved. The results obtained here generalized the corresponding known results in martingale Hardy amalgam spaces and various classical martingale Hardy spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work investigates novel fractional Hadamard integral inequalities by utilizing extended convex functions and generalized Riemann-Liouville operators. By carefully using extended integral formulations, we not only find novel inequalities but also improve the accuracy of error bounds related to fractional Hadamard integrals. Our study broadens the applicability of these inequalities and shows that they are useful for a variety of convexity cases. Our results contribute to the advancement of mathematical analysis and provide useful information for theoretical comprehension as well as practical applications across several scientific directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of the present work is on the establishment and investigation of the coefficient estimates of two new subclasses of bi-close-to-convex functions and bi-concave functions; these are of an Ozaki type and involve a modified Caputo's fractional operator that is associated with three-leaf functions in the open unit disc. The classes are defined using the notion of subordination based on the previously established fractional integral operators and classes of starlike functions associated with a three-leaf function. For functions in these classes, the Fekete-Szegö inequalities and the initial coefficients, | a 2 | and | a 3 | , are discussed. Several new implications of the findings are also highlighted as corollaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with a nonlocal fractional coupled system of (k , ψ) -Hilfer fractional differential equations, which involve, in boundary conditions, (k , ψ) -Hilfer fractional derivatives and (k , ψ) -Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals. The existence and uniqueness of solutions are established for the considered coupled system by using standard tools from fixed point theory. More precisely, Banach and Krasnosel'skiĭ's fixed-point theorems are used, along with Leray–Schauder alternative. The obtained results are illustrated by constructed numerical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractional calculus has been a concept used to obtain new variants of some well-known integral inequalities. In this study, our main goal is to establish the new fractional Hermite–Hadamard, and Simpson's type estimates by employing a differentiable function. Furthermore, a novel class of fractional integral related to prominent fractional operator (Caputo–Fabrizio) for differentiable convex functions of first order is proven. Then, taking this equality into account as an auxiliary result, some new estimation of the Hermite–Hadamard and Simpson's type inequalities as generalization is presented. Moreover, few inequalities for concave function are obtained as well. It is observed that newly established outcomes are the extension of comparable inequalities existing in the literature. Additionally, we discuss the applications to special means, matrix inequalities, and the q-digamma function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of fractional integral inequalities is vital in fractional calculus to develop new models and techniques in the most trending sciences. Taking motivation from this fact, we use multiple Erdélyi–Kober (M-E-K) fractional integral operators to establish Minkowski fractional inequalities. Several other new and novel fractional integral inequalities are also established. Compared to the existing results, these fractional integral inequalities are more general and substantial enough to create new and novel results. M-E-K fractional integral operators have been previously applied for other purposes but have never been applied to the subject of this paper. These operators generalize a popular class of fractional integrals; therefore, this approach will open an avenue for new research. The smart properties of these operators urge us to investigate more results using them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors first introduce a class of Orlicz-amalgam spaces, which defined on a probabilistic setting. Based on these Orlicz-amalgam spaces, the authors introduce a new kind of Hardy type spaces, namely martingale Hardy–Orlicz-amalgam spaces, which generalize the martingale Hardy-amalgam spaces very recently studied by Bansah and Sehba. Their characterizations via the atomic decompositions are also obtained. As applications of these characterizations, the authors construct the dual theorems in the new framework. Furthermore, the authors also present the boundedness of fractional integral operators I α on martingale Hardy–Orlicz-amalgam spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractional q -calculus is considered to be the fractional analogs of q -calculus. In this paper, the fuzzy interval-valued Riemann–Liouville fractional (RLF) q -integral operator is introduced. Also new fuzzy variants of Hermite–Hadamard (HH) type and HH–Fejér inequalities, involving ℏ -convex fuzzy interval-valued functions (FIVFs), are presented by making use of the RLF q -integral. The results not only generalize existing findings in the literature but also lay a solid foundation for research on inequalities concerning FIVFs. Moreover, to verify our theoretical findings, numerical examples and imperative graphical illustrations are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we prove a parameterized fractional integral identity involving differentiable functions. Then, we use the newly established identity to establish some new parameterized fractional Hermite–Hadamard–Mercer-type inequalities for differentiable function. The main benefit of the newly established inequalities is that these inequalities can be converted into some new Mercer inequalities of midpoint type, trapezoidal type, and Simpson's type for differentiable functions. Finally, we show the validation of the results with the help of some mathematical examples and their graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to study the analytical properties of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral and fractal dimensions of its graph on ℝ n . We show that the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral preserves some analytical properties such as boundedness, continuity and bounded variation in the Arzelá sense. We also deduce the upper bound of the box dimension and the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of Hölder continuous functions. Furthermore, we prove that the box dimension and the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of a function, which is continuous and of bounded variation in Arzelá sense, are n. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper establishes a linear relationship between the order of the Riemann–Liouville fractional calculus and the exponent of the Hölder condition, whether the Hölder condition is global, local, or at a single point. We propose and prove a control inequality between the Hölder derivative ( H f (x , α) as defined in Proposition 12) of a continuous function and the Hölder derivative of the Riemann–Liouville fractional calculus of this function. In addition, this paper provides a more accurate estimation of the Box dimension of the graph of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of an arbitrary continuous function. More specifically, it establishes the result that whenever there is a continuous function whose graph has the upper Box dimension s with 1 < s ≤ 2 , the graph of its Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of order ν , with 0 < ν < 1 , has the upper Box dimension not greater than s − (s − 1) ν. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the inverse problem of recovering the time dependent source term in a time fractional diffusion equation, in the case of nonlocal boundary condition and integral overdetermination condition. The boundary conditions of this problem are regular but not strongly regular. The existence and uniqueness of the solution are established by applying generalized Fourier method based on the expansion in terms of root functions of a spectral problem, weakly singular Volterra integral equation and fractional type Gronwall's inequality. Moreover, we show its continuous dependence on the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we prove an equality for twice-differentiable convex functions involving the conformable fractional integrals. Moreover, several Bullen-type inequalities are established for twice-differentiable functions. More precisely, conformable fractional integrals are used to derive such inequalities. Furthermore, sundry significant inequalities are obtained by taking advantage of the convexity, Hölder inequality, and power-mean inequality. Finally, we provide our results by using special cases of obtained theorems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the generalized concept of q-calculus with respect to another function. The ψ-quantum Riemann-Liouville fractional integral, ψ-quantum Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative, and ψ-quantum Caputo fractional derivative were introduced. The existence, uniqueness, and Ulam-Hyers stability of the solutions with the mentioned derivatives were established. Finally, some examples are considered to demonstrate the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a combination approach based on Bernoulli polynomials and Gauss-Jacobi quadrature formula is developed to solve the system of nonlinear variable-order fractional Volterra integral equations (V-O-FVIEs). For this, we extend the constant coefficient in the Gauss-Jacobi formula to the variable coefficient and used it in our method. The method converts the system of V-O-FVIEs into the corresponding nonlinear system of algebraic equations. In addition, we use Gronwall inequality and the collectively compact theory to prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the original equation and the approximate equation, respectively. The convergence analysis and the error estimation of proposed method are discussed. Finally, some numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]