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183 results on '"FORD, JOHN K. B."'

1. A collaborative and near-comprehensive North Pacific humpback whale photo-ID dataset

Author

Cheeseman, Ted, Southerland, Ken, Acebes, Jo Marie, Audley, Katherina, Barlow, Jay, Bejder, Lars, Birdsall, Caitlin, Bradford, Amanda L., Byington, Josie K., Calambokidis, John, Cartwright, Rachel, Cedarleaf, Jen, Chavez, Andrea Jacqueline García, Currie, Jens J., De Weerdt, Joëlle, Doe, Nicole, Doniol-Valcroze, Thomas, Dracott, Karina, Filatova, Olga, Finn, Rachel, Flynn, Kiirsten, Ford, John K. B., Frisch-Jordán, Astrid, Gabriele, Christine M., Goodwin, Beth, Hayslip, Craig, Hildering, Jackie, Hill, Marie C., Jacobsen, Jeff K., Jiménez-López, M. Esther, Jones, Meagan, Kobayashi, Nozomi, Lyman, Edward, Malleson, Mark, Mamaev, Evgeny, Martínez Loustalot, Pamela, Masterman, Annie, Matkin, Craig, McMillan, Christie J., Moore, Jeff E., Moran, John R., Neilson, Janet L., Newell, Hayley, Okabe, Haruna, Olio, Marilia, Pack, Adam A., Palacios, Daniel M., Pearson, Heidi C., Quintana-Rizzo, Ester, Ramírez Barragán, Raul Fernando, Ransome, Nicola, Rosales-Nanduca, Hiram, Sharpe, Fred, Shaw, Tasli, Stack, Stephanie H., Staniland, Iain, Straley, Jan, Szabo, Andrew, Teerlink, Suzie, Titova, Olga, Urban R., Jorge, van Aswegen, Martin, de Morais, Marcel Vinicius, von Ziegesar, Olga, Witteveen, Briana, Wray, Janie, Yano, Kymberly M., Zwiefelhofer, Denny, and Clapham, Phil

Published
2023
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6. Harassment and killing of porpoises ("phocoenacide") by fish‐eating Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca).

Author

Giles, Deborah A., Teman, Sarah J., Ellis, Samuel, Ford, John K. B., Shields, Monika W., Hanson, M. Bradley, Emmons, Candice K., Cottrell, Paul E., Baird, Robin W., Osborne, Richard W., Weiss, Michael, Ellifrit, David K., Olson, Jennifer K., Towers, Jared R., Ellis, Graeme, Matkin, Dena, Smith, Courtney E., Raverty, Stephen A., Norman, Stephanie A., and Gaydos, Joseph K.

Subjects
PORPOISES, HARBOR porpoise, KILLER whale, CHINOOK salmon, AGE groups, HARASSMENT, CULTURAL transmission
Abstract

Endangered Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) are fish‐eaters that preferentially prey on adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Despite being salmon specialists, individuals from all three killer whale pods (J, K, L) have been observed harassing and killing porpoises (family Phocoenidae) without consuming them. Retrospectively, we identified and analyzed 78 episodes of Southern Resident killer whales harassing porpoises between 1962 and 2020, of which 28 resulted in the porpoise's death ("phocoenacide"). Fifty‐six episodes involved harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), 13 involved Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli), and the porpoise species was unreported for nine episodes. Southern Resident killer whales often targeted young porpoises that were similar in size to adult Chinook salmon. Both sexes participated in porpoise harassment. Juveniles engaged in the behavior the most; however, their rates of engagement were not found to differ significantly from most other age classes. The behavior was passed through generations and social groupings, as it was first observed in L pod and spread to the other two pods. Killer whales are highly complex animals known to exhibit social learning and cultural transmission of learned behaviors, but the reason(s) for this behavior is unknown. Hypotheses include the social and developmental benefits of play, hunting practice, or displaced epimeletic behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Harassment and killing of porpoises (“phocoenacide”) by fish‐eating Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca)

Author

Giles, Deborah A., primary, Teman, Sarah J., additional, Ellis, Samuel, additional, Ford, John K. B., additional, Shields, Monika W., additional, Hanson, M. Bradley, additional, Emmons, Candice K., additional, Cottrell, Paul E., additional, Baird, Robin W., additional, Osborne, Richard W., additional, Weiss, Michael, additional, Ellifrit, David K., additional, Olson, Jennifer K., additional, Towers, Jared R., additional, Ellis, Graeme, additional, Matkin, Dena, additional, Smith, Courtney E., additional, Raverty, Stephen A., additional, Norman, Stephanie A., additional, and Gaydos, Joseph K., additional

Published
2023
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12. Temporal dynamics of mother–offspring relationships in Bigg's killer whales: opportunities for kin-directed help by post-reproductive females

Author

Nielsen, Mia Lybkær Kronborg, primary, Ellis, Samuel, additional, Weiss, Michael N., additional, Towers, Jared R., additional, Doniol-Valcroze, Thomas, additional, Franks, Daniel W., additional, Cant, Michael A., additional, Ellis, Graeme M., additional, Ford, John K. B., additional, Malleson, Mark, additional, Sutton, Gary J., additional, Shaw, Tasli J. H., additional, Balcomb, Kenneth C., additional, Ellifrit, David K., additional, and Croft, Darren P., additional

Published
2023
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20. Supplementary material from Temporal dynamics of mother–offspring relationships in Bigg's killer whales: opportunities for kin-directed help by post-reproductive females

Author

Nielsen, Mia Lybkær Kronborg, Ellis, Samuel, Weiss, Michael N., Towers, Jared R., Doniol-Valcroze, Thomas, Franks, Daniel W., Cant, Michael A., Ellis, Graeme M., Ford, John K. B., Malleson, Mark, Sutton, Gary J., Shaw, Tasli J. H., Balcomb, Kenneth C., Ellifrit, David K., and Croft, Darren P.

Abstract

Supplementing output from the data analyses

Published
2023
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27. Supplementary material including links to CMS documents, glossary, species examples, recommendations and companion to figure 2 from A deepening understanding of animal culture suggests lessons for conservation

Author

Brakes, Philippa, Carroll, Emma L., Dall, Sasha R. X., Keith, Sally A., McGregor, Peter K., Mesnick, Sarah L., Noad, Michael J., Rendell, Luke, Robbins, Martha M., Rutz, Christian, Thornton, Alex, Whiten, Andrew, Whiting, Martin J., Aplin, Lucy M., Bearhop, Stuart, Ciucci, Paolo, Fishlock, Vicki, Ford, John K. B., Di Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo, Simmonds, Mark P., Spina, Fernando, Wade, Paul R., Whitehead, Hal, Williams, James, and Garland, Ellen C.

Abstract

A key goal of conservation is to protect biodiversity by supporting the long-term persistence of viable, natural populations of wild species. Conservation practice has long been guided by genetic, ecological and demographic indicators of risk. Emerging evidence of animal culture across diverse taxa and its role as a driver of evolutionary diversification, population structure and demographic processes may be essential for augmenting these conventional conservation approaches and decision-making. The animal culture was the focus of a ground-breaking resolution under the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), an international treaty operating under the UN Environment Programme. Here, we synthesize existing evidence to demonstrate how social learning and animal culture interact with processes important to conservation management. Specifically, we explore how social learning might influence population viability, be an important resource in response to anthropogenic change and provide examples of how it can result in phenotypically distinct units with different, socially learnt behavioural strategies. While identifying culture and social learning can be challenging, indirect identification and parsimonious inferences may be informative. Finally, we identify relevant methodologies and provide a framework for viewing behavioural data through a cultural lens which might provide new insights for conservation management.

Published
2021
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29. A deepening understanding of animal culture suggests lessons for conservation

Author

Brakes, Philippa, primary, Carroll, Emma L., additional, Dall, Sasha R. X., additional, Keith, Sally A., additional, McGregor, Peter K., additional, Mesnick, Sarah L., additional, Noad, Michael J., additional, Rendell, Luke, additional, Robbins, Martha M., additional, Rutz, Christian, additional, Thornton, Alex, additional, Whiten, Andrew, additional, Whiting, Martin J., additional, Aplin, Lucy M., additional, Bearhop, Stuart, additional, Ciucci, Paolo, additional, Fishlock, Vicki, additional, Ford, John K. B., additional, Notarbartolo di Sciara, Giuseppe, additional, Simmonds, Mark P., additional, Spina, Fernando, additional, Wade, Paul R., additional, Whitehead, Hal, additional, Williams, James, additional, and Garland, Ellen C., additional

Published
2021
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31. Pathology findings and correlation with body condition index in stranded killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the northeastern Pacific and Hawaii from 2004 to 2013

Author

Raverty, Stephen, primary, St. Leger, Judy, additional, Noren, Dawn P., additional, Burek Huntington, Kathy, additional, Rotstein, David S., additional, Gulland, Frances M. D., additional, Ford, John K. B., additional, Hanson, M. Bradley, additional, Lambourn, Dyanna M., additional, Huggins, Jessie, additional, Delaney, Martha A., additional, Spaven, Lisa, additional, Rowles, Teri, additional, Barre, Lynne, additional, Cottrell, Paul, additional, Ellis, Graeme, additional, Goldstein, Tracey, additional, Terio, Karen, additional, Duffield, Debbie, additional, Rice, Jim, additional, and Gaydos, Joseph K., additional

Published
2020
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33. Animal cultures matter for conservation

Author

Brakes, Philippa, primary, Dall, Sasha R. X., additional, Aplin, Lucy M., additional, Bearhop, Stuart, additional, Carroll, Emma L., additional, Ciucci, Paolo, additional, Fishlock, Vicki, additional, Ford, John K. B., additional, Garland, Ellen C., additional, Keith, Sally A., additional, McGregor, Peter K., additional, Mesnick, Sarah L., additional, Noad, Michael J., additional, di Sciara, Giuseppe Notarbartolo, additional, Robbins, Martha M., additional, Simmonds, Mark P., additional, Spina, Fernando, additional, Thornton, Alex, additional, Wade, Paul R., additional, Whiting, Martin J., additional, Williams, James, additional, Rendell, Luke, additional, Whitehead, Hal, additional, Whiten, Andrew, additional, and Rutz, Christian, additional

Published
2019
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36. Crowd intelligence can discern between repertoires of killer whale ecotypes

Author

Danishevskaya, Anastasya Yu., Filatova, Olga A., Samarra, Filipa I P., Miller, Patrick J O., Ford, John K B, Yurk, Harald, Matkin, Craig O., and Hoyt, Erich

Abstract

ABSTRACTCall classifications by human observers are often subjective yet they are critical to studies of animal communication, because only the categories that are relevant for the animals themselves actually make sense in terms of correlation to the context. In this paper we test whether independent observers can correctly detect differences and similarities in killer whale repertoires. We used repertoires with different a priorilevels of similarity: from different ecotypes, from different oceans, from different populations within the same ocean, and from different local subpopulations of the same population. Calls from nine killer whale populations/subpopulations were pooled into a joint sample set, and eight independent observers were asked to classify the calls into separate categories. None of the observers’ classifications strongly followed the known phylogeny of the analyzed repertoires. However, some phylogenetic relationships were reflected in the classifications substantially better than others. Most observers correctly separated the calls from two North Pacific ecotypes. Call classifications averaged across multiple observers reflected the known repertoire phylogenies better than individual classifications, and revealed the similarity of repertoires at the level of subpopulations within the same population, or closely related populations.

Published
2020
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41. Killer whales and marine mammal trends in the North Pacific : a re-examination of evidence for sequential megafauna collapse and the prey-switching hypothesis

Author

Wade, Paul R., Burkanov, Vladimir N., Dahlheim, Marilyn E., Friday, Nancy A., Fritz, Lowell W., Loughlin, Thomas R., Mizroch, Sally A., Muto, Marcia M., Rice, Dale W., Barrett-Lennard, Lance G., Black, Nancy A., Burdin, Alexander M., Calambokidis, John, Cerchio, Salvatore, Ford, John K. B., Jacobsen, Jeff K., Matkin, Craig O., Matkin, Dena R., Mehta, Amee V., Small, Robert J., Straley, Janice M., McCluskey, Shannon M., VanBlaricom, Glenn R., Wade, Paul R., Burkanov, Vladimir N., Dahlheim, Marilyn E., Friday, Nancy A., Fritz, Lowell W., Loughlin, Thomas R., Mizroch, Sally A., Muto, Marcia M., Rice, Dale W., Barrett-Lennard, Lance G., Black, Nancy A., Burdin, Alexander M., Calambokidis, John, Cerchio, Salvatore, Ford, John K. B., Jacobsen, Jeff K., Matkin, Craig O., Matkin, Dena R., Mehta, Amee V., Small, Robert J., Straley, Janice M., McCluskey, Shannon M., and VanBlaricom, Glenn R.

Abstract

This paper is not subject to U.S. copyright. The definitive version was published in Marine Mammal Science 23 (2007): 766–802, doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2006.00093.x., Springer et al. (2003) contend that sequential declines occurred in North Pacific populations of harbor and fur seals, Steller sea lions, and sea otters. They hypothesize that these were due to increased predation by killer whales, when industrial whaling's removal of large whales as a supposed primary food source precipitated a prey switch. Using a regional approach, we reexamined whale catch data, killer whale predation observations, and the current biomass and trends of potential prey, and found little support for the prey-switching hypothesis. Large whale biomass in the Bering Sea did not decline as much as suggested by Springer et al., and much of the reduction occurred 50–100 yr ago, well before the declines of pinnipeds and sea otters began; thus, the need to switch prey starting in the 1970s is doubtful. With the sole exception that the sea otter decline followed the decline of pinnipeds, the reported declines were not in fact sequential. Given this, it is unlikely that a sequential megafaunal collapse from whales to sea otters occurred. The spatial and temporal patterns of pinniped and sea otter population trends are more complex than Springer et al. suggest, and are often inconsistent with their hypothesis. Populations remained stable or increased in many areas, despite extensive historical whaling and high killer whale abundance. Furthermore, observed killer whale predation has largely involved pinnipeds and small cetaceans; there is little evidence that large whales were ever a major prey item in high latitudes. Small cetaceans (ignored by Springer et al.) were likely abundant throughout the period. Overall, we suggest that the Springer et al. hypothesis represents a misleading and simplistic view of events and trophic relationships within this complex marine ecosystem.

Published
2007

48. Humpback whale abundance in the North Pacific estimated by photographic capture‐recapture with bias correction from simulation studies

Author

Barlow, Jay, primary, Calambokidis, John, additional, Falcone, Erin A., additional, Baker, C. Scott, additional, Burdin, Alexander M., additional, Clapham, Phillip J., additional, Ford, John K. B., additional, Gabriele, Christine M., additional, LeDuc, Richard, additional, Mattila, David K., additional, Quinn, Terrance J., additional, Rojas‐Bracho, Lorenzo, additional, Straley, Janice M., additional, Taylor, Barbara L., additional, Urbán R., Jorge, additional, Wade, Paul, additional, Weller, David, additional, Witteveen, Briana H., additional, and Yamaguchi, Manami, additional

Published
2011
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