Search

In this study, we advance a more nuanced view of gender-based stereotypes about female chief executive officers (CEOs) to shed light on the divergent findings about outcomes associated with their firms' actions. We draw on gender stereotyping literature and its delineation between prescriptive and descriptive gender stereotypes— how women ought to be/act versus how they actually are/act—to theorize that not all female CEOs embody the same prescriptive feminine ideals and, thus, variance in how they are perceived may affect outcomes manifesting from certain firm actions. Specifically, we theorize that there also exists a "double-edged" sword among female CEOs such that the more a female CEO is seen as descriptively aligning with prescriptive ideals of feminine actions and perceptions, the stronger the associated outcomes for their firms will be, whether positive or negative. We test how perceptions of communality and attractiveness—the two most desirable prescriptive perceptions for how women ought to be—affect the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and irresponsibility (CSiR) to firm performance relationship, which align, or fail to align, respectively, with desirable prescriptive feminine actions of helping or hurting others and society. We find that the more a female CEO descriptively aligns with such communality and attractiveness prescriptions, the stronger the CSR and CSiR to firm performance relationship will be. The results of our study suggest that the gendered beliefs to which female CEOs are subjected are more nuanced and complex than the current literature explains, contributing to theory and practice alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a list of references for various articles related to the topic of youth sports specialization and its impact on athletes, particularly female athletes. The articles cover a range of issues including mental health, injury rates, eating disorders, and the experiences of low socioeconomic status families in youth sports. The references provide a starting point for library patrons conducting research on these topics and offer diverse perspectives on the subject. It is important to note that the document does not endorse any specific products or claims made by manufacturers. [Extracted from the article]

This article engages with the manufacture/purchase of feminine beauty, especially via cosmetic surgery, U.S. citizenship, and prosperity Christianity. It aligns the Kardashians' form of capitalist beauty with their Christian rhetoric in context of their uptake of 'surplus citizenship'. I argue that prosperity Christianity together with certain aesthetic body modifications reveal a contemporary version of U.S. citizenship that speaks of entrepreneurial self-enhancement, national belonging, and affluence. I show that this 'new' type of citizenship is rooted in deeply racialised practices and processes. A case study – the rise and fall of the so-called 'Brazilian butt lift' (BBL) – is offered in order to demonstrate these ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary women frequently employ beautification strategies. The impact of such strategies, such as plastic surgery, on mating popularity in different mate contexts remains unclear. To investigate this issue, the current study conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, beautification strategies were manipulated using three images of the same female with different conditions (natural, makeup, and plastic surgery). The results indicated that when the beautification strategies were not informed, surgical-enhanced and makeup targets were perceived as significantly more attractive, loyal, and popular among potential mates than natural targets. However, when participants were informed of the beautification strategies, both natural and makeup targets showed a significant increase in perceived loyalty and mating popularity. In contrast, surgically enhanced targets saw a reduction in these dimensions. Experiment 2 aimed to reduce the confounding effect of facial attractiveness by using vignettes. The results indicated that the mating popularity of natural targets was significantly higher than that of makeup or surgically enhanced targets, with surgically enhanced targets being the least popular. Moreover, the results revealed the mediating role of perceived loyalty in the impact of beautification strategies on long-term mating popularity. This study sheds light on the potential stigmatization and negative bias toward beautification strategies in the mating market. Additionally, it provides guidance for women who intend to enhance their mate popularity through plastic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We will analyze the plastic content of the Ibero-Americanist magazine Mercurio of Barcelona, and the Catalanist Ressorgiment of Buenos Aires between 1910 and 1938. We will study the aim of both publications that were part of the American journalism through a Catalan perspective. We will identify the role of women in their symbolic contents considering the ideological slope of each magazine. We will study the feminine representation in the identity perception of both journals in their role as a meeting point between Spain and America in general and, concretely, as a forum for the cultural representations of Catalonia in the Ibero-American sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern marketing activities cannot be imagined without a combination of traditional and digital marketing channels, with digital marketing channels gaining more and more importance. Digital marketing channels include a large number of channels, of which the website, social networks, blogs, paid advertising on search engines and mobile marketing are particularly important. Social networks as a digital marketing channel are particularly suitable for influencing consumers. In addition to organic advertising and paid advertising, the engagement of influencers who market informative and interesting content for a specific target group is becoming more and more important. Instagram is a particularly important social network for influencers, due to the presence of a large number of users. The aim of this paper is to investigate the importance of influencer marketing on Instagram to the female population in the beauty industry, but also to identify the factors that influence the importance of influencer marketing in this industry. For this purpose, adequate statistical tests were applied, which showed that in Reublica, Serbia, trust in influencers and the useful content they market are considered particularly important, but also that the credibility and creativity of beauty influencers are exceptionally significant, especially when it comes to more educated women [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]