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3 results on '"FARMING SEASON"'

1. Comparative assessment of the seasonal breeding patterns of the paddlefish Polyodon spathula (Walbaum, 1792) and the impact of growth tendency during winter and summer feeding.

Author

Vasilyeva, Lydia M. and Elnakeeb, Mahmoud

Subjects
*SUMMER, *WINTER, *WEIGHT gain, *SEASONAL distribution of fishes
Abstract

Seasonal rhythms affect paddlefish farming practices due to the interactions among internal and external environmental factors in the aquatic ecosystem, including different types of biological, chemical, or physical stressors. In the present study, seasonal variations and the succession of the seasons during the farming periods represent a striking force that reflects the reality of sustainable paddlefish development under Russian aquaculture conditions. Five age groups (28, 29, 30; 26, 27, 28; 24, 25, 26; 19, 20, 21; and 18, 19, 20) were studied based on years of commissioning (1993, 1995, 1997, 2002 and 2003, respectively) and showed different growth rates throughout the seasons during 2017, 2018, and 2019. Consequently, rapid growth rate changes; increasing and decreasing, were observed, as demonstrated in weight gain and specific growth rate parameters. All the growth parameter variables, knowledge base and inference in the growth monitoring analysis model were carried out through computation of weight gain, growth rate, and specific growth rate related to age groups. The results revealed that the descriptive analysis of seasonal variability agreed with the statistical growth performance analysis. Moreover, the findings show that 2017 and 2018 winter and 2017 summer seasons recorded the lowest values of significance (30: 55%, SGR) among the five age groups. In contrast, high values were obtained for 2018 and 2019 winter and 2018 summer seasons (55: 80%, SGR), despite sustainable production. However, it is insufficient to determine the value of the seasonal response in growth rates over four seasons. Therefore, we need to create simulation programmes to predict the impact of seasonal patterns instead of spending more effort and cost on other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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3. Republic of Niger : Measuring Poverty Trends

Author

World Bank

Subjects
MEASURES, ANTIPOVERTY POLICIES, REGIONAL POVERTY LINES, POOR POPULATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, RURAL POVERTY INCIDENCE, MILK, TRANSACTION COSTS, CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, SUBSISTENCE, CONSUMER PRICES, POOR, AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, UNEMPLOYMENT, INCOME, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA, POVERTY RATES, FOOD PRICES, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, POVERTY, ABSOLUTE TERMS, CHANGES IN POVERTY, ECONOMIC INSECURITY, RUNNING WATER, WELFARE INDICATORS, BASIC FOODSTUFFS, RURAL PEOPLE, FARMING AREAS, FARMERS, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, POOR HOUSEHOLD, LIVING STANDARDS, CONSUMPTION BASKET, ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION, DROP IN POVERTY, SANITATION, MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY, TRANSFERS, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL AREAS, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, NATIONAL POVERTY LINE, WELFARE LEVEL, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, VEGETABLES, HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS, RURAL WORKERS, DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY, CONSUMPTION, POVERTY REDUCTION, FORMS OF POVERTY, REGIONAL LEVEL, CALORIE INTAKE, NATIONAL POVERTY RATE, SHEEP, CALORIES PER PERSON, ASSET POVERTY, LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP, WELFARE INDICATOR, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, INEQUALITY, FARMING SEASON, POVERTY GAP, DECLINE IN POVERTY, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, IMPACT ON POVERTY, CONSUMPTION DATA, FOOD EXPENDITURES, POVERTY MAPS, POVERTY COMPARISONS, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, IRRIGATION, TOTAL POVERTY, POVERTY DYNAMICS, POVERTY MEASURES, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, NATIONAL POVERTY, INCOME POVERTY, MEAT, FOOD CONSUMPTION, FOOD SECURITY, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, FARMER, INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT, REGIONS, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY ESTIMATES, HUMAN CAPITAL, DIVERSITY OF LIVELIHOODS, NUTRITION, CALORIES PER PERSON PER DAY, DIVERSIFICATION, REGIONAL POVERTY, POTABLE WATER, POVERTY DATA, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, POVERTY INCIDENCE, REGION, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, ECOLOGICAL ZONES, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY LEVELS, CONSUMPTION PRICE, HOUSING, HOUSEHOLD HEADS, RURAL, RURAL POVERTY RATE, DECLINE IN POVERTY RATES, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY INDICATORS, CONSUMER GOODS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, POVERTY RATE
Abstract

Accurately measuring poverty and assessing trends in its incidence and severity are among the most fundamental challenges in economic development. The issue of effective poverty measurement has been the subject of renewed interest since the United Nations adopted the millennium development goals (MDGs) in 2000. In Niger, as in many comparable countries worldwide, poverty data are collected through household surveys of consumption patterns and living conditions. A number of methodological factors can affect the accuracy of consumption data during the collection phase, especially the number of survey visits, the time of year during which the questionnaire is administered, the recall period, and the composition of the consumption basket defined in the survey. The purpose of this paper is to produce a robust analysis of poverty trends in Niger from 2005 to 2011 by using the 2011 survey as the basis for monitoring poverty and correcting for methodological differences in earlier surveys. The decision to use the 2011 survey as the basis for establishing methodological consistency is rooted in two factors. First, the large variations in poverty estimates obtained in different survey periods are suspected to be due in part to changes in the survey methodology. Second, the 2011 survey coincided with the adoption of Niger’s current growth and poverty reduction strategy, programme de développement economique et social (PDES). The report describes the 2011 survey methodology and the techniques used to make the previous figures compatible with this methodology. It presents the revised poverty figures and discusses their implications. It also offers conclusions and recommendations.

Published
2015

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