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Summary Reasons for performing study: Bradycardia may be implicated as a cause of cardiovascular instability during anaesthesia. Hypothesis: Hyoscine would induce positive chronotropism of shorter duration than atropine, without adversely impairing intestinal motility in detomidine sedated horses. Methods: Ten minutes after detomidine (0.02 mg/kg bwt, i.v.), physiological saline (control), atropine (0.02 mg/kg bwt) or hyoscine (0.2 mg/kg bwt) were randomly administered i.v. to 6 horses, allowing one week intervals between treatments. Investigators blinded to the treatments monitored cardiopulmonary data and intestinal auscultation for 90 min and 24 h after detomidine, respectively. Gastrointestinal transit was assessed for 96 h via chromium detection in dry faeces. Results: Detomidine significantly decreased heart rate (HR) and cardiac index (CI) from baseline for 30 and 60 min, respectively (control). Mean ± s.d. HR increased significantly 5 min after atropine (79 ± 5 beats/min) and hyoscine (75 ± 8 beats/min). After this time, HR was significantly higher after atropine in comparison to other treatments, while hyoscine resulted in intermediate values (lower than atropine but higher than controls). Hyoscine and atropine resulted in significantly higher CI than controls for 5 and 20 min, respectively; but this effect coincided with significant hypertension (mean arterial pressures >180 mmHg). Auscultation scores decreased from baseline in all treatments. Time to return to auscultation scores ≥12 (medians) did not differ between hyoscine (4 h) and controls (4 h) but atropine resulted in significantly longer time (10 h). Atropine induced colic in one horse. Gastrointestinal transit times did not differ between treatments. Conclusion: Hyoscine is a shorter acting positive chronotropic agent than atropine, but does not potentiate the impairment in intestinal motility induced by detomidine. Because of severe hypertension, routine use of anticholinergics combined with detomidine is not recommended. Potencial relevance: Hyoscine may represent an alternative to atropine for treating bradycardia.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:56:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352009000400003.pdf: 223564 bytes, checksum: f3829e82be7eec29195e541a318c3d63 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:56:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352009000400003.pdf: 223564 bytes, checksum: f3829e82be7eec29195e541a318c3d63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:50:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352009000400003.pdf: 223564 bytes, checksum: f3829e82be7eec29195e541a318c3d63 (MD5) S0102-09352009000400003.pdf.txt: 28260 bytes, checksum: d0d58ed191448a09a404621b4f16e973 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:13:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352009000400003.pdf: 223564 bytes, checksum: f3829e82be7eec29195e541a318c3d63 (MD5) S0102-09352009000400003.pdf.txt: 28260 bytes, checksum: d0d58ed191448a09a404621b4f16e973 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:13:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352009000400003.pdf: 223564 bytes, checksum: f3829e82be7eec29195e541a318c3d63 (MD5) S0102-09352009000400003.pdf.txt: 28260 bytes, checksum: d0d58ed191448a09a404621b4f16e973 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-01 Os efeitos da lidocaina e da acupuntura nos pontos bilaterais associados ao pericárdio 6 (Pc6-Neiguan) e ao coração 7 (C7-Shenmen), no tratamento da taquicardia ventricular (TV) induzida por dopamina em equinos anestesiados com halotano, foram avaliados e comparados. Seis equinos, distribuídos em três grupos: grupo-controle (GC), grupo tratado com acupuntura (GA) e grupo tratado com lidocaína (GL), foram anestesiados três vezes cada, com intervalo de uma semana entre cada anestesia. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros cardiovasculares (frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial e eletrocardiografia), os respiratórios (frequência respiratória, capnografía, saturação de hemoglobina e hemogasometria) e o escore de recuperação. A dose arritmogênica da dopamina (DAD) foi determinada a partir da infusão de 70µg/kg/min IV durante 10 minutos, sem interrupção, preenchendo o critério arritmogênico: quatro ou mais complexos ventriculares prematuros seguidos, com duração de pelo menos 15 segundos ou TV sustentada. O tempo médio de aparecimento da DAD ou da TV foi de 6,05±0,45 minutos nos animais não tratados, e a TV se reverteu espontaneamente aos 2,7±0,2 minutos. O grupo tratado com acupuntura reverteu a TV no tempo médio de 1,8±0,2 (P

A pesquisa avaliou os achados macro e microscópicos das laringes submetidas a aritenoidectornia subtotal, com e sem remoção do revestimento mucoso, em cavalos portadores de hemiplegia laríngea induzida experimentalmente por neurotomia. Foram realizados exames clínicos, endoscópicos, macroscópicos e histopatológicos das laringes, que demonstraram que a realização da aritenoidectomia subtotal com remoção em bloco da cartilagem e da mucosa que a reveste, facilita a realização da técnica operatória, e apresenta resultados pós-operatórios semelhantes aos obtidos com a técnica tradicional.

Twenty-four bitches which had been in labour for less than 12 hours were randomly divided into four groups of six. They all received 0.5 mg/kg of chlorpromazine intravenously as premedication, followed 15 minutes later by either 8 mg/kg of thiopentone intravenously (group 1), 2 mg/kg of ketamine and 0.5 mg/kg of midazolam intravenously (group 2), 5 mg/kg of propofol intravenously (group 3), or 2.5 mg/kg of 2 per cent lidocaine with adrenaline and 0.625 mg/kg of 0.5 per cent bupivacaine with adrenaline epidurally (group 4). Except for group 4, the bitches were intubated and anaesthesia was maintained with enflurane. The puppies' heart and respiratory rates and their pain, sucking, anogenital, magnum and flexion reflexes were measured as they were removed from the uterus. The puppies' respiratory rate was higher after epidural anaesthesia. In general the puppies' neurological reflexes were most depressed after midazolam/ketamine, followed by thiopentone, propofol and epidural anaesthesia.

This study investigated the effects of a muscarinic type 1 (M(1)), 2 (M(2)), and 3 (M(3)) antagonists (4-DAMP, pirenzepine, and methoctramine, respectively) on acetylcholine (Ach)-induced contractions of longitudinal jejunal muscle strips of horses. Strips were irrigated with Krebs-Henseleit solution gassed with 95% O(2) and 5% CO(2), and the developed tension in response to Ach was recorded before and after incubation with increasing concentrations of 4-DAMP (10(-8)-10(-6) M), pirenzepine (10(-6)-10(-4) M), and methoctramine (10(-5)-10(-3) M). When competitive antagonism was characterized, the affinity constant (pA(2)) was calculated by Schild plots. A parallel rightward shift in the concentration-response curves was observed after 4-DAMP and pirenzepine. Methoctramine presented a dual effect on the concentration-response curves: lower concentrations induced a parallel rightward shift without altering the maximum intensity of contraction (E(max)), while the highest concentration increased slope of the concentration-response curve and increased E(max). The pA(2) for 4-DAMP and pirenzepine was 9.18 and 7.13, respectively. Acetylcholine-induced contractions of longitudinal jejunal smooth muscle are mediated mainly via M(3) receptors. The complex role of M(2) receptors in jejunal smooth muscle contractions was evident because methoctramine potentiated the contractile response to higher doses of Ach.

Bradycardia may be implicated as a cause of cardiovascular instability during anaesthesia.Hyoscine would induce positive chronotropism of shorter duration than atropine, without adversely impairing intestinal motility in detomidine sedated horses.Ten minutes after detomidine (0.02 mg/kg bwt, i.v.), physiological saline (control), atropine (0.02 mg/kg bwt) or hyoscine (0.2 mg/kg bwt) were randomly administered i.v. to 6 horses, allowing one week intervals between treatments. Investigators blinded to the treatments monitored cardiopulmonary data and intestinal auscultation for 90 min and 24 h after detomidine, respectively. Gastrointestinal transit was assessed for 96 h via chromium detection in dry faeces.Detomidine significantly decreased heart rate (HR) and cardiac index (CI) from baseline for 30 and 60 min, respectively (control). Mean ± s.d. HR increased significantly 5 min after atropine (79 ± 5 beats/min) and hyoscine (75 ± 8 beats/min). After this time, HR was significantly higher after atropine in comparison to other treatments, while hyoscine resulted in intermediate values (lower than atropine but higher than controls). Hyoscine and atropine resulted in significantly higher CI than controls for 5 and 20 min, respectively; but this effect coincided with significant hypertension (mean arterial pressures180 mmHg). Auscultation scores decreased from baseline in all treatments. Time to return to auscultation scores ≥12 (medians) did not differ between hyoscine (4 h) and controls (4 h) but atropine resulted in significantly longer time (10 h). Atropine induced colic in one horse. Gastrointestinal transit times did not differ between treatments.Hyoscine is a shorter acting positive chronotropic agent than atropine, but does not potentiate the impairment in intestinal motility induced by detomidine. Because of severe hypertension, routine use of anticholinergics combined with detomidine is not recommended.Hyoscine may represent an alternative to atropine for treating bradycardia.

The effects of methadone and morphine were compared in conscious dogs. Six animals received morphine sulfate (1 mg/kg) or methadone hydrochloride (0.5 mg/kg [MET0.5] or 1.0 mg/kg [MET1.0]) intravenously (i.v.) in a randomized complete block design. Cardiopulmonary variables were recorded before (baseline), and for 120 min after drug administration. One outlier was not included in the statistical analysis for hemodynamic data. Morphine decreased heart rate (HR) compared to baseline from 30 to 120 min (-15% to -26%), while cardiac index (CI) was reduced only at 120 min (-19%). Greater and more prolonged reductions in HR (-32% to -46%) and in CI (-24% to -52%) were observed after MET1.0, while intermediate reductions were recorded after MET0.5 (-19 to -28% for HR and -17% to -27% for CI). The systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) was increased after methadone; MET1.0 produced higher SVRI values than MET0.5 (maximum increases: 57% and 165% for MET0.5 and MET1.0, respectively). Compared to morphine, oxygen partial pressure (PaO(2)) was lower (-12% to -13%) at 5 min of methadone (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg), while carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO(2)) did not change significantly. It was concluded that methadone induces cardiovascular changes that are dose-related and is a more potent cardiovascular depressant agent than morphine in conscious dogs.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:55:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352006000300006.pdf: 188138 bytes, checksum: 4880fc3529e5b1f5f085544acfbf5319 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:55:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352006000300006.pdf: 188138 bytes, checksum: 4880fc3529e5b1f5f085544acfbf5319 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:48:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352006000300006.pdf: 188138 bytes, checksum: 4880fc3529e5b1f5f085544acfbf5319 (MD5) S0102-09352006000300006.pdf.txt: 23255 bytes, checksum: 612c524570245d7f21f4b4b1d3a58232 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:39:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352006000300006.pdf: 188138 bytes, checksum: 4880fc3529e5b1f5f085544acfbf5319 (MD5) S0102-09352006000300006.pdf.txt: 23255 bytes, checksum: 612c524570245d7f21f4b4b1d3a58232 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:39:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352006000300006.pdf: 188138 bytes, checksum: 4880fc3529e5b1f5f085544acfbf5319 (MD5) S0102-09352006000300006.pdf.txt: 23255 bytes, checksum: 612c524570245d7f21f4b4b1d3a58232 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-01 Avaliaram-se as alterações do pH, da P O2 e da P CO2 do sangue arterial e da concentração de lactato sangüíneo de 11 cavalos adultos da raça Árabe, submetidos a exercício progressivo em esteira de alta velocidade. Antes do exercício, no intervalo dos 15 segundos finais de cada mudança de velocidade e aos 1, 3 e 5 minutos após o término do exercício foram coletadas amostras de sangue arterial e venoso para a mensuração dos gases sangüíneos e da concentração de lactato. O exercício resultou em diminuição do pH, da pressão parcial de O2 (P O2) e da pressão parcial de CO2 (P CO2). A concentração de lactato sangüíneo elevou-se exponencialmente a partir da velocidade de 8,0m/s até os momentos após término do exercício. Changes in arterial blood pH, P O2 and P CO2, and blood lactate concentration in Arabian horses during exercise on a high-speed treadmill were investigated. Eleven horses were submitted to a conditioning period as well as to the incremental exercise test. The arterial and venous blood samples were obtained to evaluate the blood gas values and lactate concentration, prior to the beginning of the exercise, on the last 15 final seconds between every change of speed and at the 1, 3 and 5 minutes after the exercise. A decrease in pH, partial pressure of oxygen (P O2), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P CO2) and the blood lactate levels exponentially increase beyond the speed of 8m/s, during the incremental exercise test. UNESP Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia UNESP Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:55:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:55:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2000-04-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:48:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2000-04-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:42:51Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:42:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2000-04-01 Com o objetivo de avaliar as alterações cardiocirculatórias resultantes da manutenção anestésica com sevofluorano, três grupos de 10 cães cada foram anestesiados por 60 minutos com fluxo diluente de 100% de oxigênio (grupo 1), de 50% de oxigênio e de óxido nitroso (grupo 2) ou 27% de oxigênio e 63% de óxido nitroso (grupo 3). A tranqüilização foi realizada com levomepromazina (0,5 mg/kg) e a indução com tiopental (12,5 mg/kg). A freqüência cardíaca apresentou elevação significativa após a indução (P

Gynaecological surgery and obstetric manipulations in horses are usually performed under extradural anaesthesia. Lidocaine provides effective short duration anaesthesia, but may produce ataxia or recumbency. Ropivacaine has a longer duration of action and produces less motor block, in humans and dogs, when compared to lidocaine. This study investigated the speed of onset and duration of anaesthesia, and the degree of muscle relaxation, produced by various local anaesthetics used for extradural anaesthesia in mares.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T20:43:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-06-28 To test the hypothesis that acepromazine could potentiate the sedative actions and attenuate the pressor response induced by dexmedetomidine, the effects of acepromazine or atropine were compared in six healthy adult dogs treated with this α2-agonist. In a randomised block design, the dogs received intravenous doses of either physiological saline, 0-05 mg/kg acepromazine or 0-04 mg/kg atropine, 15 minutes before an intravenous dose of 5 ug/kg dexmedetomidine. The dogs' heart rate was reduced by 50 to 63 per cent from baseline and their mean arterial blood pressure was increased transiently from baseline for 20 minutes after the dexmedetomidine. Atropine prevented the α2-agonist-induced bradycardia and increased the severity and duration of the hypertension, but acepromazine did not substantially modify the cardiovascular effects of the α2-agonist, except for a slight reduction in the magnitude and duration of its pressor effects. The dexmedetomidine induced moderate to intense sedation in all the treatments, but the dogs' sedation scores did not differ among treatments. The combination of acepromazine with dexmedetomidine had no obvious advantages in comparison with dexmedetomidine alone, but the administration of atropine before dexmedetomidine is contraindicated because of a severe hypertensive response. Departamento de Cirurgia e Anestesiologia Veterinária Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-000 Departamento de Cirurgia e Anestesiologia Veterinária Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-000