109 results on '"F. Geara"'
Search Results
2. Evaluation of factors affecting long-term creep of concrete using machine learning regression models
- Author
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H. Daou, W. Raphael, and F. Geara
- Published
- 2022
3. Optimizing Earthmoving Operations with Minimal Emissions Cost
- Author
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A. Abdelmassih, R. Faddoul, and F. Geara
- Published
- 2022
4. Probabilistic Assessment of Structural Safety of Complex Structures– Application to Terminal 2E at Roissy, CDG Airport
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Hikmat Daou, Wassim Raphael, Alaa Chateauneuf, and F. Geara
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Structural safety ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Monte Carlo method ,Probabilistic logic ,02 engineering and technology ,Structural engineering ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Flexural strength ,Deflection (engineering) ,Girder ,Probabilistic analysis of algorithms ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Material properties ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
Probabilistic analysis is used to assess the safety of structures by taking into account uncertainties that may affect structural performance in order to prevent failure of structure, which can lead to injuries or loss of life as well as financial losses. A part of Terminal 2E at Roissy- Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris collapsed in 2004 and resulted in four casualties. The terminal is a large and complex structure consisting of three main parts: a main building, a boarding area and an isthmus connecting these two buildings. The boarding area, where the collapse occurred, has a length of 650 m and consists of 10 shells stiffened by curved steel girders (ties) braced to the two sides and held away from the shell by means of regular steel struts. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a risk analysis of the terminal using probabilistic approach in order to study the effect of uncertainty on material properties and loads on the values of flexural moment and long-term deflection so the structural safety of the terminal can be verified. Therefore, a nonlinear finite element model of the terminal was carried out using Ansys software. Subsequently, sensitivity analysis was performed by using a combination of Response Surface Method (RSM) and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). After that, the ratio of reinforcement required was calculated based on the results of the flexural moment values so the structural safety of the terminal can be finally verified. The obtained results show the importance of conducting probabilistic analysis to assess the structural safety of complex structures by understanding structural behavior when the uncertainty on material properties and loads is taken into account.
- Published
- 2019
5. P-258 Chemoimmunotherapy in the context of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer
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A. Shamseddine, R. Turfa, C. Elias, J. Kattan, D. Mukherji, S. Temraz, K. Alqasem, R. Amarin, T. Al Awabdeh, S. Deeba, I. Mohamad, F. Daoud, M. Al Masri, A. Dabous, A. Hushki, O. Jaber, M. Charafeddine, M. Al Darazi, Y. Zeidan, and F. Geara
- Subjects
Oncology ,Hematology - Published
- 2022
6. SO-30 Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant short-course radiation followed by mFOLFOX-6 plus avelumab for locally-advanced rectal adenocarcinoma: Averectal study
- Author
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Faiez Daoud, Ali Dabous, Rula Amarin, Rim Turfa, Samer Deeba, M. Al Darazi, Ali Shamseddine, Issa Mohamad, T. Al Awabdeh, Maya Charafeddine, Kholoud Alqasem, Mousa Elkhaldi, Joseph Kattan, Ahmad Hushki, Youssef Bouferraa, Sally Temraz, Youssef H. Zeidan, Deborah Mukherji, S. Doughan, M. Al Masri, and F. Geara
- Subjects
Avelumab ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Oncology ,business.industry ,Rectal Adenocarcinoma ,medicine ,Locally advanced ,Short course ,Hematology ,Radiology ,business ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2021
7. Establishment of a formal program for retinoblastoma: Feasibility of clinical coordination across borders and impact on outcome
- Author
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Toufic Eid, Roula Farah, Peter Noun, Nidale Tarek, Miguel R. Abboud, Layal Bayram, Adlette Inati, F. Geara, Rachel C. Brennan, Ziad Bashour, Khaled M. Ghanem, Sima Jeha, Rasha Al Yousef, Raya Saab, Riad N. Ma'luf, Ramzi Alameddine, Dima Hamideh, Samar Muwakkit, Nabil Yassine, Matthew W. Wilson, Lina Farah, Zeina Merabe, and Christiane Al-Haddad
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Delayed Diagnosis ,Internationality ,Retinal Neoplasms ,Population ,Developing country ,Genetic Counseling ,Disease ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Cancer Care Facilities ,Hospitals, University ,03 medical and health sciences ,Middle East ,0302 clinical medicine ,Laser therapy ,medicine ,Effective treatment ,Humans ,In patient ,Lebanon ,education ,Developing Countries ,Intersectoral Collaboration ,Referral and Consultation ,Patient Care Team ,education.field_of_study ,Retinoblastoma ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,Infant, Newborn ,Disease Management ,Infant ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,United States ,Treatment Outcome ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Feasibility Studies ,Female ,business ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Retinoblastoma is an ocular tumor that occurs in young children, in either heritable or sporadic manner. The relative rarity of retinoblastoma, and the need for expensive equipment, anesthesia, and pediatric ophthalmologic expertise, are barriers for effective treatment in developing countries. Also, with an average age-adjusted incidence of two to five cases per million children, patient number limits development of local expertise in countries with small populations. Lebanon is a small country with a population of approximately 4.5 million. In 2012, a comprehensive retinoblastoma program was formalized at the Children's Cancer Institute (CCI) at the American University of Beirut Medical Center, and resources were allocated for efficient interdisciplinary coordination to attract patients from neighboring countries such as Syria and Iraq, where such specialized therapy is also lacking. Through this program, care was coordinated across hospitals and borders such that patients would receive scheduled chemotherapy at their institution, and monthly retinal examinations and focal laser therapy at the CCI in Lebanon. Our results show the feasibility of successful collaboration across borders, with excellent patient and physician adherence to treatment plans. This was accompanied by an increase in patient referrals, which enables continued expertise development. However, the majority of patients presented with advanced intraocular disease, necessitating enucleation in 90% of eyes in unilateral cases, and more than 50% of eyes in bilateral cases. Future efforts need to focus on expanding the program that reaches to additional hospitals in both countries, and promoting early diagnosis, for further improvement of globe salvage rates.
- Published
- 2019
8. Management of patients with high-risk and advanced prostate cancer in the Middle East: resource-stratified consensus recommendations
- Author
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Hero K. Hussain, H. Dbouk, Khaled Ibrahim, Bassel G. Bachir, Walid Alameh, Rami Nasr, Christelle Dagher, Saad Al Dousari, Clement El Khoury, Wassim Wazzan, Ali Shamseddine, Khaled Sayyid, Raja Ashou, Yousuf Al Hallaq, Danny M. Rabah, Georges Assaf, Mohammad Haidar, Michel Jabbour, Fadi Farhat, George Farha, F. Geara, Silke Gillessen, Sally Temraz, Aurelius Omlin, Ghazi Sakr, Deborah Mukherji, Sami Faddoul, Hassan Ghazal, Elie Nemer, Bassem Youssef, Nicolas Zouain, Muhammad Bulbul, Albert El-Hajj, Nizar Bitar, Nibras Al Hamdani, Fadi Abbas, Rabih Said, and Raja B. Khauli
- Subjects
Male ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Abiraterone Acetate ,Docetaxel ,Health Services Accessibility ,Endosonography ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Resource (project management) ,Medicine ,Lebanon ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,610 Medicine & health ,Radiation oncologist ,Resource-stratified recommendations ,Middle East ,Multidisciplinary ,Manchester Cancer Research Centre ,Consensus conference ,Margins of Excision ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ,Kuwait ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Benzamides ,Iraq ,Health Resources ,Kallikreins ,Original Article ,Risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,Referral ,Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ,Urology ,Locally advanced ,Saudi Arabia ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Bone Neoplasms ,Diagnostic modalities ,03 medical and health sciences ,Nitriles ,Phenylthiohydantoin ,Humans ,Prostatectomy ,Salvage Therapy ,Syria ,business.industry ,ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Androgen Antagonists ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,medicine.disease ,Family medicine ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Lymph Node Excision ,Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ,Biopsy, Large-Core Needle ,business - Abstract
Purpose Prostate cancer care in the Middle East is highly variable and access to specialist multidisciplinary management is limited. Academic tertiary referral centers offer cutting-edge diagnosis and treatment; however, in many parts of the region, patients are managed by non-specialists with limited resources. Due to many factors including lack of awareness and lack of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, a high percentage of men present with locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis. The aim of these recommendations is to assist clinicians in managing patients with different levels of access to diagnostic and treatment modalities. Methods The first Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC) satellite meeting for the Middle East was held in Beirut, Lebanon, November 2017. During this meeting a consortium of urologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologist and imaging specialists practicing in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia voted on a selection of consensus questions. An additional workshop to formulate resource-stratified consensus recommendations was held in March 2019. Results Variations in practice based on available resources have been proposed to form resource-stratified recommendations for imaging at diagnosis, initial management of localized prostate cancer requiring therapy, treatment of castration-sensitive/naïve advanced prostate cancer and treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Conclusion This is the first regional consensus on prostate cancer management from the Middle East. The following recommendations will be useful to urologists and oncologists practicing in all areas with limited access to specialist multi-disciplinary teams, diagnostic modalities and treatment resources. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00345-019-02872-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2019
9. P-51 Immunoscore in rectal cancer patients receiving radiation followed by mFOLFOX with avelumab
- Author
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Ibrahim Khalifeh, Sally Temraz, M. Al Darazi, Faiez Daoud, Deborah Mukherji, Joseph Kattan, Faek R. Jamali, Rim Turfa, Z. El Husseini, A. Shamseddine, Youssef H. Zeidan, Maya Charafeddine, Issa Mohamad, F. Geara, and Samer Deeba
- Subjects
Avelumab ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Oncology ,Colorectal cancer ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,business ,Gastroenterology ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2020
10. PO-127 Investigating the response of normal and cancer bladder cells to radiotherapy
- Author
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Toufic Eid, Larry Bodgi, Katia Cheaito, Tarek Araji, Joelle Al Choboq, F. Geara, Hisham F. Bahmad, Youssef H. Zeidan, and Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Bladder cancer ,DNA damage ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cancer ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,Oncology ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Radiosensitivity ,Progenitor cell ,Clonogenic assay ,Survival rate - Abstract
Introduction Bladder cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer among males worldwide. Recent advances in radiation delivery have increased the importance of bladder preserving strategies using radiotherapy, while also improving patient’s quality of life. However, the outcome of radiotherapy depends on the radiosensitivity of both the patient and his/her tumour. Recent developments in radiobiology have highlighted the importance of the assessment of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair kinetics in predicting radiosensitivity of both normal and cancerous tissues. Indeed, after irradiation, several proteins (ATM, γH2AX, etc.) involved in the signalling and repair of DNA DSB relocalize as nuclear foci. The purpose of this study is to characterise the radiosensitivity of bladder cell lines, based on their capacity to repair radio-induced DNA damage. Material and methods Four human bladder cell lines were used in this study: T24, UM-UC3, RT4 and SVHUC. Clonogenic assay was performed to study cell survival after irradiation: cells were irradiated with doses ranging from 0 to 10 Gy and their capacity to form colonies was assessed. Immunofluorescent analysis using anti-pATM and anti-γH2AX antibodies was then performed to assess DNA DSB signalling and repair kinetics after a 2Gy irradiation. Finally, we performed the three-dimensional (3D) sphere formation assay to assess the effect of irradiation on cancer/stem progenitor cells. Irradiated cells with doses ranging from 0 to 10 Gy were embedded in Matrigel and their capacity to form spheres was assessed. Results and discussions RT4 was found to have the highest survival rate after irradiation, followed by T24, UM-UC3 and SVHUC according to the clonogenic assay results. Immunofluorescence results were consistent with cell survival as RT4 showed the fastest DSB recognition and repair kinetics while SVHUC had a much slower rate. Furthermore, the capacity of cells to recognise radio-induced DNA damage was found to have the best correlation with their survival. Lastly, the sphere formation ability of the different cell lines showed a differential response to increasing irradiation doses. Conclusion We were able to radiobiologically characterise 4 human bladder cell lines by assessing their survival and capacity to repair radio-induced DNA damage. Moreover, we showed the differential effects of radiation on cancer stem/progenitor cells. The results highlighted the importance of DNA DSB signalling through the ATM protein and its role in cell survival after irradiation.
- Published
- 2018
11. Electrons Only Internal Mammary Chain (IMC) Irradiation Technique Reduces Cardiac Toxicity Compared to Mixed Electron-Photons Technique in Left-Sided Breast Cancer
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B. Shahine, H. Mekdash, Bassem Youssef, A. Mkanna, Lara Hilal, F. Geara, and Paul Ramia
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Cancer Research ,Radiation ,Photon ,business.industry ,Electron ,medicine.disease ,Left sided ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Breast cancer ,Oncology ,Chain (algebraic topology) ,Cardiac toxicity ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Irradiation ,business - Published
- 2019
12. Post Mastectomy Radiation Therapy in HER2/neu Positive Breast Cancer: Analysis of the HERA trial
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Hani Tamim, A. Mailhac, E. de Azambuja, Youssef H. Zeidan, Arafat Tfayli, F. Geara, and J. Abi Jaoude
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiation ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,HER2/Neu Positive ,Breast cancer ,Post mastectomy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Hera trial ,business - Published
- 2019
13. Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Atrioventricular Node Ablation in Swine: A Study on Efficacy and Dosimetric Evaluation of Organs at Risk
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Patrick Zakka, Lara Hilal, Mostafa Hotait, Bassem Youssef, K.A. Al Feghali, Toufic Eid, I. Abu Gheida, Jad Ballout, Marwan M. Refaat, Wassim Jalbout, Paul Ramia, and F. Geara
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiation ,Oncology ,Atrioventricular node ablation ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiology ,business ,Radiosurgery - Published
- 2018
14. A Novel Three Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy Technique to Decrease the Mean Parotid Gland Dose in Whole Brain Radiation Therapy
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B. Shahine, Paul Ramia, D. Mahmoud, Wassim Jalbout, H. Mekdash, H. Abdul Khalek, Bassem Youssef, Toufic Eid, Youssef H. Zeidan, F. Geara, and Lara Hilal
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Cancer Research ,Radiation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,business.industry ,Conformal radiation therapy ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Whole brain radiation therapy ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Parotid gland - Published
- 2018
15. Randomized, Prospective, Open-Label Phase III Trial Comparing β-Sitosterol (mebo®) Ointment with Trolamine (biafine®) Cream for the Management of Acute Skin Reaction during Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer
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Paul Ramia, R. Thebian, N.G. Zouain, C. Chehab, T. Andraos, Youssef H. Zeidan, Toufic Eid, F. Geara, and Bassem Youssef
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiation ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,Radiation therapy ,Skin reaction ,Breast cancer ,Oncology ,Biafine Cream ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Open label ,business - Published
- 2018
16. Reliability based assessment of prestressed concrete bridges subject to creep using a coupling procedure
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W. Raphael, F. Geara, and F. Kaddah A. Chateauneuf
- Subjects
Prestressed concrete ,Creep ,law ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Coupling (piping) ,Structural engineering ,business ,Reliability (statistics) ,Shrinkage ,law.invention - Abstract
Creep and shrinkage strains of concrete can have prejudicial consequences in prestressed structures built by phases. But these uncontrolled strains appear, with values often clearly more important than the expected ones. In fact, there is not yet a physical explanation perfectly satisfactory of creep and the codified descriptions of this phenomenon are always unreliable.
- Published
- 2015
17. Optimisation des structures métalliques fléchies dans un calcul plastique
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Wassim Raphael, F. Kaddah, and F. Geara
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Simplex ,Linear programming ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Numerical analysis ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Steel structures ,Structural engineering ,Minification ,Classification of discontinuities ,business ,Global optimization ,Plasticity theory - Abstract
The steel structure is a type of construction that is very developed in civil engineering. In the phase of survey and then of execution and installation of a metal work, the phase of conception is often the place of discontinuities that prevents the global optimization of material steel. In our survey, we used the traditional approach of optimization that is essentially based on the minimization of the weight of the structure, while taking advantages of plastic properties of steel in the case of a bending structure. It has been permitted because of to the relation found between the areas of the sections of the steel elements and the plastic moment of these sections. These relations have been drawn for different types of steel. In order to take advantages of the linear programming, a simplification has been introduced in transforming these relation to linear relations, which permits us to use simple methods as the simplex theorem. This procedure proves to be very interesting in the first phases of the survey and give very interesting results.
- Published
- 2005
18. Information-based modeling of creep in concrete structures
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F. Kaddah, F Geara, W Raphael, and Alaa Chateauneuf
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Engineering ,Creep ,business.industry ,Geotechnical engineering ,Structural engineering ,business - Published
- 2014
19. Ratio Between Positive Lymph Nodes and Total Excised Axillary Lymph Nodes as an Independent Prognostic Factor for Overall Survival in Patients with Nonmetastatic Lymph Node-Positive Breast Cancer
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Muhieddine Seoud, Ziad Salem, Hani Dimassi, Hassan A. Hatoum, Fouad Boulos, Ali Shamseddine, Karine Al-Feghali, Achraf A. Shamseddine, Faek R. Jamali, Khaled M. Musallam, Jaber Abbas, Nagi S. El-Saghir, F. Geara, Mohamad Khalife, and Ayman Tawil
- Subjects
Adult ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Axillary lymph nodes ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Original Article – Breast Oncology ,Breast Neoplasms ,Young Adult ,Breast cancer ,Surgical oncology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Adjuvant therapy ,Humans ,Survival rate ,Lymph node ,Neoadjuvant therapy ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ,Cancer ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Survival Rate ,Carcinoma, Lobular ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Axilla ,Lymph Node Excision ,Female ,Surgery ,Original Article ,Lymph Nodes ,Lymph ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
BACKGROUND.: The status of the axillary lymph nodes in nonmetastatic lymph node-positive breast cancer (BC) patients remains the single most important determinant of overall survival (OS). Although the absolute number of nodes involved with cancer is important for prognosis, the role of the total number of excised nodes has received less emphasis. Thus, several studies have focused on the utility of the axillary lymph node ratio (ALNR) as an independent prognostic indicator of OS. However, most studies suffered from shortcomings, such as including patients who received neoadjuvant therapy or failing to consider the use of adjuvant therapy and tumor receptor status in their analysis. METHODS.: We conducted a single-center retrospective review of 669 patients with nonmetastatic lymph nodepositive BC. Data collected included patient demographics; breast cancer risk factors; tumor size, histopathological, receptor, and lymph node status; and treatment modalities used. Patients were subdivided into four groups according to ALNR value (.25, .25-.49, .50-.74, .75-1.00). Study parameters were compared at the univariate and multivariate levels for their effect on OS. RESULTS.: On univariate analysis, both the absolute number of positive lymph nodes and the ALNR were significant predictors of OS. On multivariate analysis, only the ALNR remained an independent predictor of OS, with a 2.5-fold increased risk of dying at an ALNR of ≥.25. CONCLUSIONS.: Our study demonstrates that ALNR is a stronger factor in predicting OS than the absolute number of positive axillary lymph nodes.
- Published
- 2010
20. Estimation of clonogenic cell fraction in primary cultures derived from human squamous cell carcinomas
- Author
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N. Chavaudra, William A. Brock, T. Girinski, Bernard Dubray, Edmond-Philippe Malaise, Jean-Marc Cosset, and F. Geara
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Plating efficiency ,Population ,Cell ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,In Vitro Techniques ,In vivo ,Humans ,Medicine ,Doubling time ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,education ,Clonogenic assay ,Tumor Stem Cell Assay ,education.field_of_study ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Growth curve (biology) ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Head and Neck Neoplasms ,Cell culture ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Cancer research ,Female ,business - Abstract
Tumor clonogenic cell content is believed to play an important role in the outcome of radiotherapy. However, there is no proven method to assess the number of clonogens in human tumors accurately. All currently available assays employ in vitro plating efficiency or in vivo TD50 (the average number of cells needed to induce tumors in 50% of injected mice) to estimate the tumor clonogenic ability. In this study, a monolayer mass primary culture system was used to estimate the clonogenic cell fraction in human tumors. For this purpose, 25 growth curves were performed for 25 tumor specimens derived from 21 head and neck and 4 cervical squamous cell carcinomas. The exponential portion of each growth curve was extrapolated through the ordinate (day 0) to estimate the clonogenic cell fraction; this method is only an estimate because it assumes no lag phase before exponential growth of clonogenic cells. The mean clonogenic cell fraction, expressed as clonogens/tumor cells inoculated, was relatively low (mean: 0.71%, range: 0.11–9.28), and the variation was wide (coefficient of variation=148%). On the other hand, the doubling time of the growing population was 1.46 days and exhibited a very narrow range (0.98–2.24, coefficient of variation=24%). The mean and range of clonogenic cell fraction were found to be in agreement with published values of soft agar colony forming efficiencies in both murine and human tumors. However, further investigation is necessary to determine how accurately this method measures the relative clonogenic cell content in human tumors. Clinical correlations between clonogenic cell fraction values and the response to radiotherapy are still too early to determine.
- Published
- 1991
21. Vocal changes following radiotherapy to the head and neck for non-laryngeal tumors
- Author
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Nabil Fuleihan, Toufic Eid, Abdul-Latif Hamdan, F. Geara, Sami Tanbouzi Husseini, and Charbel Rameh
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Larynx ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Voice Quality ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Xerostomia ,Tongue ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Phonation ,Head and neck ,Radiation Injuries ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Surgery ,Radiation therapy ,Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Vocal folds ,Female ,Neurosurgery ,business - Abstract
To investigate vocal changes in patients following the neck irradiation for non-laryngeal tumors sparing the glottic region. Fifteen patients were enrolled for the study. Phonatory effort and voice evaluation were reported. Perceptual evaluation and acoustic analysis were performed. Men/women ratio was 6/9. The mean age was 54 years with a range from 24 to 84. The most common primary site of tumor was the nasopharynx and tongue. The mean phonatory effort was significantly greater in the irradiated group versus controls (0.54 vs. 0.08 with a P value 0.01). Fifteen percent reported their voice as being poor and almost 85% as being fair. All the parameters of the GRABS perceptual evaluation were significantly worse in the irradiated group. There were no statistically significant differences between all the acoustic variables in both groups except for an decrease in the Habitual pitch in the irradiated patients. Radiation therapy to head and neck region can affect voice even if the radiation beams spare the vocal folds.
- Published
- 2008
22. S023: The value of radical prostatectomy as the initial first step in the management algorithm of pT3b prostate cancer
- Author
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F. Geara, Raja B. Khauli, M. Shahait, W. Wazzan, A. Yacoubian, H. Taan, Muhammad Bulbul, and Rami Nasr
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Prostate cancer ,Prostatectomy ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Value (mathematics) ,Management algorithm - Published
- 2014
23. Long-term survival following aggressive surgery and radiotherapy for pelvic fibromatosis
- Author
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F. Geara, Ali Khalil, Jaber Abbas, Hanna Kaspar, and Muhieddine Seoud
- Subjects
Pelvic Fibromatosis ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Rectum ,Osteotomy ,Asymptomatic ,Aggressive surgery ,Gynecologic Surgical Procedures ,Long term survival ,medicine ,Humans ,Pelvic Neoplasms ,Pubic Bone ,Radiotherapy ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Surgery ,body regions ,Radiation therapy ,Neck of urinary bladder ,Fibromatosis, Aggressive ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Treatment Outcome ,Urinary Incontinence ,Oncology ,Urologic Surgical Procedures ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed - Abstract
Desmoid tumors of the female pelvis are rare. The efficacy of the available treatment modalities in improving survival and decreasing recurrence remains controversial. A 32-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic large ischeorectal mass. Computed tomography scan revealed a large tumor adherent to the pubic bone and impinging on the bladder neck and the rectum. Aggressive surgical removal of the mass including partial osteotomy of the pubic bone was followed by radiotherapy. The patient is still alive 6 years later with no evidence of disease. Aggressive surgical management followed by radiotherapy is an acceptable means of treatment of locally invasive desmoid tumor of the female pelvis.
- Published
- 2005
24. Breast cancer in Lebanon. Increased age-adjusted incidence rates in younger-aged groups at presentation: implications for screening and for Arab-American ethnic groups
- Author
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N S, El Saghir, A, Shamseddine, F, Geara, K, Bikhaz, B, Rahal, Z, Salem, A, Taher, A, Tawil, Z, Khatib, J, Abbas, M, Hourani, A, Khalil, and M, Seoud
- Subjects
Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Age Distribution ,Incidence ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,Breast Neoplasms ,Female ,Lebanon ,Middle Aged ,United States ,Aged ,Arabs - Published
- 2005
25. Treatment of pediatric Hodgkin's disease with chemotherapy alone or combined modality therapy
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S, Muwakkit, F, Geara, B, Nabbout, R A, Farah, N S, Shabb, T, Hajjar, and M, Khogali
- Subjects
Male ,Adolescent ,Vinblastine ,Disease-Free Survival ,Medical Records ,Bleomycin ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Humans ,Mechlorethamine ,Child ,Cyclophosphamide ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,Prognosis ,Hodgkin Disease ,Dacarbazine ,Survival Rate ,Treatment Outcome ,Doxorubicin ,Vincristine ,Child, Preschool ,Procarbazine ,Prednisone ,Female ,Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - Abstract
Optimal treatment for Hodgkin's disease during childhood is unknown. We report the treatment outcome of patients with Hodgkin's disease13 years of age seen at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) between 1980 and 1996. A retrospective review of the medical records of 24 children treated for HD at AUBMC was performed. Treatment consisted of chemotherapy alone (n = 15) or chemotherapy plus involved field radiotherapy (n = 9). Chemotherapy consisted of COPP, ABVD, or alternating cycles of each for a total of 6 to 12 cycles, depending on clinical and radiological response; three patients received MOPP. Five patients in the chemotherapy group had clinical stage (CS) I and II and 10 had CS III disease. In the combined modality group, eight patients had CS I and II and one had CS IV disease. At a median follow-up of 5 years, the event-free survival (EFS) for the combined modality group was 100% and the overall survival (OS) 100%. For the chemotherapy alone group, the EFS was 56% and the OS was 79%. Four patients (27%) in the chemotherapy alone group who had Stage IIIB disease relapsed. Mean time to relapse was 4.3 years. In our experience, six cycles of COPP or (COPP plus ABVD) alone were suboptimal for the treatment of Stage IIIB Hodgkin's disease patients, especially those with involvement of lower abdominal nodes (III2B), extensive pulmonary disease, or mixed cellularity histology. Radiation therapy or additional chemotherapy courses are required for these patients.
- Published
- 2000
26. [Radiotherapy for gastrointestinal lymphomas: indications and techniques]
- Author
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F, Geara
- Subjects
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ,Lymphoma, B-Cell ,Helicobacter pylori ,Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ,Humans ,Dose Fractionation, Radiation ,Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ,Prognosis ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ,Helicobacter Infections - Abstract
Gastrointestinal lymphomas are almost exclusively of a non-Hodgkin's type. The Western form is characterized by a higher incidence of stomach location (50%), a MALT type (mucosa associated lymphoid tissue) (40%), a B-cell type (90%), and a high grade (55%). Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori is an important risk factor. Mediterranean lymphomas form a particular clinical and pathological entity with diffuse involvement of the small bowel and are frequently being associated with a chronic malabsorption disorder. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in early gastric lymphomas, and the use of tetracyclines in early Mediterranean lymphomas, have been shown to induce durable remissions. For more advanced gastric lymphomas, treatment usually consists of anthracyclin-based chemotherapy followed by involved field radiotherapy. Surgery is usually reserved for complications such as perforation or bleeding, or in some selected cases for salvage after failure of non-surgical therapy. For intestinal lymphomas, surgical resection whenever feasible, followed by anthracyclin-based chemotherapy is the most common treatment. Radiotherapy is usually reserved for consolidation in some clinical situations. The most commonly found prognostic factors are stage, grade, and tumor bulk. Treatment results vary with the presence of adverse prognostic factors and the used treatment combination. In general, patients with favorable disease receiving combined therapy have a 5-year relapse free survival (RFS) approaching 90%, whereas those with unfavorable disease have a RFS of 40-50%.
- Published
- 1999
27. POD-3.02: Outcome of Patients with Positive Surgical Margins Following Radical Prostatectomy Treated with Adjuvant Hormonal and Radiation vs. Salvage Therapy: Selection Criteria Identified
- Author
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Muhammad Bulbul, A. Houjeij, Oussama M. Darwish, Ayman Tawil, F. Geara, N. Bou Diab, and Y. El Hout
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Prostatectomy ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Salvage therapy ,Positive Surgical Margin ,business ,Adjuvant ,Hormone ,Surgery - Published
- 2008
28. Postoperative radiation for squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to cervical lymph nodes from an unknown primary site: outcomes and patterns of failure
- Author
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P J, Colletier, A S, Garden, W H, Morrison, H, Goepfert, F, Geara, and K K, Ang
- Subjects
Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Treatment Outcome ,Head and Neck Neoplasms ,Lymphatic Metastasis ,Humans ,Neoplasms, Unknown Primary ,Female ,Neoplasms, Squamous Cell ,Treatment Failure ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
This retrospective study assesses the outcomes and patterns of failure in patients with squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to cervical lymph nodes from an unknown primary site treated with combined surgery and postoperative radiotherapy.One hundred thirty-six patients with squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to cervical lymph nodes from an unknown primary source were treated postoperatively with radiotherapy at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between the years 1968 and 1992. Stage distribution was: N1, 31 patients; N2a, 49; N2b, 25; N2c, 3; N3, 18; and Nx, 10. Thirty-nine patients had excisional biopsies only, 64 patients underwent modified neck dissections, and 33 had radical neck dissections. Extracapsular extension was present in 87 cases. Fifty-nine patients had multiple nodes involved. The median duration of follow-up for surviving patients was 8.7 years.Twelve patients, all with extracapsular nodal disease, developed regional relapse. The 5-year actuarial rates of regional relapse in patients with and without extracapsular nodal disease were 16% and 0%, respectively (p = .004). Nine patients (22%) with extracapsular disease and multiple nodes relapsed compared with three patients (7%) with extracapsular disease and a solitary node (p = .02). None of the patients treated with excisional biopsy and radiotherapy relapsed regionally. No statistically significant relationship between dose, treatment duration, time interval between surgery, and the start of radiotherapy and relapse was detected. The 2-, 5-, and 10-year actuarial disease-specific survival rates were 82%, 74%, and 68%, respectively. Fourteen patients developed cancers in head and neck mucosal sites; six of these cancers were located in unirradiated tissues.Relapse occurred infrequently in patients treated with excisional biopsies and postoperative radiotherapy. Extracapsular extension and multiple nodes were associated with worse regional control and disease-specific survival. These results appear consistent with those expected for patients with advanced neck disease and a known primary site, and the absence of a primary site should not exclude patients from studies aiming to improve outcomes in patients with extensive neck disease from a head and neck squamous cell cancer. We continue to recommend radiation to the necks and pharyngeal axis for patients suspected of having residual microscopic disease following surgery for squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to the neck from an unknown primary site.
- Published
- 1998
29. UP-2.132: Hormonal and Radiation Therapy for Selected Patients with Positive Surgical Margins Following Radical Prostatectomy: Short Term Outcome
- Author
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Oussama M. Darwish, Y. Hout, F. Geara, N. BouDiab, Muhammad Bulbul, A. Hujeij, and Ayman Tawil
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Prostatectomy ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General surgery ,Outcome (game theory) ,Term (time) ,Radiation therapy ,medicine ,Positive Surgical Margin ,business ,Hormone - Published
- 2009
30. Ratio between positive lymph nodes and total excised axillary lymph nodes as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with early breast cancer
- Author
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Z. Salem, F. Geara, Jaber Abbas, M. Khalifeh, N. El-Saghir, Ayman Tawil, A. Shamseddine, Hassan A. Hatoum, Faek R. Jamali, and Muhieddine Seoud
- Subjects
Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prognostic factor ,Axillary lymph nodes ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Breast cancer ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Overall survival ,In patient ,Lymph ,business ,Early breast cancer - Abstract
e22084 Background: The status of the axillary lymph nodes (ALN) in early (stage I and II) breast cancer (BC) patients remains the single most important determinant of overall survival (OS). While the absolute number of positive ALN has been demonstrated to have a significant prognostic impact, new emerging data supports the role of axillary lymph node ratio (ALNR) as an independent prognostic indicator of OS. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective review of 1,255 BC patients and analyzed 930 patients with early BC admitted to American University of Beirut Medical Center between 1983 and 2001. Data included age at diagnosis, type of mastectomy, ALN involvement, use of chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, post-operative radiation therapy, tumor size, histological type and grade, lympho-vascular invasion status, hormonal receptor status, and Her-2/neu overexpression and the calculated ALNR (number of positive ALN / total number of excised ALN). Patients were subdivided into 3 groups according to ALNR value (< 0.25, 0.25–0.49, 0.50–1.00). The status of the axillary lymph nodes was analyzed with respect to 5- and 10-year OS. Results: On univariate analysis both the absolute number of positive ALN and the ALNR were significant predictors of OS .The 5- year OS of patients with ALNRs of < 0.25, 0.25–0.49 and 0.50–1.00 was 88%, 72% and 65 % respectively and the 10-year OS was 83%,54% and 51 % respectively . On multivariate analysis only the ALNR remained an independent predictor of overall survival, with a 2.7- and 3.16-fold risk of dying at ALNRs of 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the ALNR is a stronger factor in predicting OS than the absolute number of positive axillary lymph nodes. ALNR may aid in subdividing patients with positive ALN into low and high risk groups, with potential implications on their subsequent adjuvant management. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
- Published
- 2009
31. [Radiotherapy of inoperable esophageal cancer. Retrospective analysis apropos of 108 cases]
- Author
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F, Geara, G, Calais, B, Chauvet, A, Reynaud-Bougnoux, and O, Le Floch
- Subjects
Male ,Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ,Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ,Esophageal Neoplasms ,Radiotherapy Dosage ,Adenocarcinoma ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,Survival Rate ,Bleomycin ,Actuarial Analysis ,Vincristine ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Humans ,Female ,Fluorouracil ,Cisplatin ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Between 1976 and 1986, we treated with curative intent, 108 patients with inoperable esophageal cancer. Eighty-three patients (77%) were treated with radiation therapy alone with a mean total dose of 61 Gy and 25 (23%) patients were treated with induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. Actuarial survival, site of failure, sequellae of treatment, and prognostic factors were analysed in this retrospective study. Survival rates at 2, 3 and 5 years were 23, 16 and 9%, respectively. Local failure occurred in more than 61% of documented failures. Patients with tumor located in the upper third of the esophagus, or with total tumor stenosis or poor performance status had low results, but the difference was not statistically significant. Patients treated according to CT scan plans had a 43% 3-year survival rate; this difference is statistically significant (P = 0.0001). Induction chemotherapy improved one year local control and survival rate (60%), but no long term survival benefit was observed. We conclude that inoperable esophageal cancer can be treated successfully by radiotherapy with a curative intent. We also discuss the role that CT scan planning can play in the effective treatment of these patients.
- Published
- 1990
32. [Radiotherapy of epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS. Analysis of 149 cases treated by extended and/or localized cutaneous irradiation]
- Author
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J P, Le Bourgeois, F, Geara, P, Piedbois, E, Haddad, E, Lévy, A, Taghian, and C, Sagna
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Skin Neoplasms ,Humans ,Female ,Radiotherapy Dosage ,Middle Aged ,Opportunistic Infections ,Radiation Tolerance ,Sarcoma, Kaposi ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging - Abstract
Between June 1986 and December 1988, 149 patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma were treated by cutaneous irradiation in our department. According to Mitsuyasu's staging, 34 patients (23 p. 100) were stage I, 82 (55 p. 100) stage II and 33 (22 p. 100) stage IV; no stage III was reported. Fifty eight patients (39 p. 100) had previously presented with one or several opportunistic infections. Ninety four patients (63 p. 100) had previously received treatment with interferon in 85 (57 p. 100) and/or Velbe in 43 (29 p. 100). 319 cutaneous localisations were treated, 59 p. 100 by extended cutaneous irradiation, using 4 and/or 8 MeV electron beam energy, and 41 p. 100 by localized irradiation, using 45 kVX-ray energy, 2.5 Gy/fraction, 4 times a week by split course 20 Gy then 10 Gy two weeks later. Twenty patients (13 p. 100) with oedema of the lower limbs were treated, using 4 MV photon therapy with bolus, and 3 (2 p. 100) were treated for lesions in the ENT regions. Only 131 patients were evaluable (257 localisations); 62 p. 100 obtained complete remission and 31 p. 100 partial remission after a mean period of 1.5 months (0.5-3 months). The overall tolerance was acceptable. The complications were epidermitis with some necrosis (8 p. 100), exudative epidermitis (26 p. 100), moderate epidermitis (63 p. 100) and slight reactions in 4 p. 100. The mean recurrence time was 5 1/2 months.
- Published
- 1990
33. MP-18.06: Immediate adjuvant radiation and hormonal therapy for positive surgical margins following radical prostatectomy: selection criteria and outcome
- Author
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Muhammad Bulbul, A. Hujeij, Ayman Tawil, Y. Hout, F. Geara, Oussama M. Darwish, and N. Bou Diab
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adjuvant radiotherapy ,business.industry ,Prostatectomy ,Urology ,General surgery ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Outcome (game theory) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Hormonal therapy ,Positive Surgical Margin ,business ,Selection (genetic algorithm) - Published
- 2007
34. 18 OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE SURGICAL MARGINS FOLLOWING RADIAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY TREATED WITH OBSERVATION VS IMMEDIATE RADIATION - HORMONAL THERAPY - SELECTION CRITERIA IDENTIFIED
- Author
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Y. Hout, N. Abou Diab, F. Geara, A. Hujeij, Oussama M. Darwish, Ayman Tawil, and Muhammad Bulbul
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,Medicine ,Hormonal therapy ,Positive Surgical Margin ,business ,Outcome (game theory) ,Selection (genetic algorithm) ,Surgery ,Retropubic prostatectomy - Published
- 2007
35. Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer: A prospective randomized trial comparing cis-platinum vs paclitaxel
- Author
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Maya Charafeddine, F. Geara, Ali Khalil, A. Shamseddine, and Muhieddine Seoud
- Subjects
Cervical cancer ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemo-radiotherapy ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Locally advanced ,Weekly paclitaxel ,Cis-platinum ,medicine.disease ,law.invention ,Radiation therapy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Paclitaxel ,chemistry ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
5163 Introduction: This study prospectively compares weekly Cis-platinum to weekly Paclitaxel as concurrent chemotherapy with radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods...
- Published
- 2005
36. Clinical characteristics and long-term survival of advanced breast cancer at the American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Author
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N. S. El-Saghir, M. Seoud, M. Charafeddine, J. Abbas, Z. Salem, F. Geara, K. Bikhazi, M. Khalifeh, M. Sidani, and A. Shamseddine
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Published
- 2004
37. Prospective comparison of in vitro normal cell radiosensitivity and normal tissue reactions in radiotherapy patients
- Author
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F. Geara, L.J. Peters, K.K. Ang, M.D. Mc Neese, J.L. Wike, D. Callender, and W.A. Brocki
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Radiation ,Oncology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 1992
38. [Total cutaneous electron beam therapy of mycosis fungoides]
- Author
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J P, Le Bourgeois, E, Levy, E, Haddad, G, Marinello, F, Geara, and J M, Pavlovitch
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Skin Neoplasms ,Adolescent ,Electrons ,Radiotherapy Dosage ,Middle Aged ,Mycosis Fungoides ,Humans ,Female ,Whole-Body Irradiation ,Aged ,Follow-Up Studies ,Neoplasm Staging - Abstract
Electron beam irradiation of the entire skin surface was used to treat 25 patients with mycosis fungoides from 1977 to January 1988. A plexiglas screen was used to reduce the energy of the 8 MeV beam of a Sagittaire linear accelerator to 4 MeV. A total dose of 30 Gy was delivered in 12 fractions over days. This series includes 17 men and 8 women with a mean age of 44 years (range 13-78 years) and a mean follow-up of 34 months (range 6-92 months). The following-up staging system was used: stage A: superficial lesions covering less than 50 p. 100 of the body surface; stage B: superficial lesions covering more than 50 p. 100 of the body surface; stage C: tumors of the skin, lymph nodes and/or visceral organs, Sezary's syndrome. All stage A patients achieved complete remission. One developed recurrent disease in a very limited area 17 months after radiation therapy. No stage A patient died of mycosis fungoides. 6/9 stage B patients achieved complete remission; 4 of these developed recurrent disease localized to the skin 6 to 13 months after electron therapy. These recurrences were controlled by topical nitrogen mustard, puva therapy or localized irradiation. 1 patient showed no response and died of cutaneous mycosis fungoides. 5/10 stage C patients obtained complete remission but all relapsed within a mean period of 7 months. 4/5 of the patients not responding to electron therapy died of their disease and one is alive 16 months after completion of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1989
39. [Cutaneous lymphomas]
- Author
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J P, Le Bourgeois, E, Levy, E, Haddad, F, Geara, and G, Marinello
- Subjects
Mycosis Fungoides ,Skin Neoplasms ,Lymphoma ,Humans ,Radiotherapy Dosage ,Whole-Body Irradiation - Published
- 1988
40. Impaired DNA Double-Strand Break Repair in Irradiated Sheep Lung Fibroblasts: Late Effects of Previous Irradiation of the Spinal Thecal Sac.
- Author
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Youssef B, Feghaly C, Al Choboq J, Bou-Gharios J, Challita R, Azzi J, Bou Hadir H, Abi Antoun F, Araji T, Taddei PJ, Geara F, Sfeir P, Jurjus A, Abou-Kheir W, and Bodgi L
- Abstract
Children with cancer previously treated with radiotherapy face the likelihood of side effects that can be debilitating or fatal. This study aimed to assess the long-term effect of medulloblastoma radiotherapy on the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair capability of primary fibroblasts derived from lung biopsies of previously irradiated young sheep. This study included biopsies from three control and five irradiated sheep. The treated sheep had previously received spinal radiotherapy at a total dose of 28 Gy, which is equivalent to pediatric medulloblastoma treatment. Lung biopsies were taken 4 years post-irradiation from high-dose (HD, >18 Gy) and low-dose (LD, <2 Gy) regions. Fifteen cell lines were extracted (six control, four LD and five HD). The cells were irradiated, and DNA DSB repair was analyzed by immunofluorescence. Clonogenic, trypan blue and micronuclei assays were performed. Both the HD and LD cell lines had a significantly higher number of residual γH2AX foci 24 h and a significant decrease in pATM activity post-irradiation compared to the control. There was no statistically significant difference in the clonogenic assay, trypan blue and micronuclei results. Our study showed that a previous irradiation can impair the DNA DSB repair mechanism of ovine lung fibroblasts.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Post-mastectomy radiation therapy after breast reconstruction: from historic dogmas to practical expert agreements based on a large literature review of surgical and radiation therapy considerations.
- Author
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Belkacemi Y, Moran MS, Ozden BC, Masannat Y, Geara F, Albashir M, To NH, Debbi K, and El Tamer M
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Quality of Life, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant methods, Mammaplasty, Mastectomy, Breast Neoplasms surgery, Breast Neoplasms radiotherapy
- Abstract
Breast reconstruction (BR) after mastectomy is important to consider for a woman's body image enhancement and psychological well-being. Although post-mastectomy radiation (PMRT) significantly improves the outcome of patients with high-risk breast cancer (BC), PMRT after BR may affect cosmetic outcomes and may compromise the original goal of improving quality of life (QoL). With the lack of practical guidelines, it seems essential to work on a consensus and provide some "expert agreements" to offer patients the best option for PMRT after BR. We report a global "expert agreement" that results from a critical review of the literature on BR and PMRT during the 6th international multidisciplinary breast conference in March 2023., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None, (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Effect of bisphosphonates and statins on the in vitro radiosensitivity of breast cancer cell lines.
- Author
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Bodgi L, Bou-Gharios J, Azzi J, Challita R, Feghaly C, Baalbaki K, Kharroubi H, Chhade F, Geara F, Abou-Kheir W, and Ayoub Z
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, MCF-7 Cells, DNA Repair, Diphosphonates pharmacology, Zoledronic Acid pharmacology, Pravastatin pharmacology, Radiation Tolerance radiation effects, DNA, Cell Line, Tumor, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors pharmacology, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Breast Neoplasms radiotherapy
- Abstract
Background: Early-stage breast cancer is usually treated with breast-conserving surgery followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. Acute skin toxicity is a common radiation-induced side effect experienced by many patients. Recently, a combination of bisphosphonates (zoledronic acid) and statins (pravastatin), or ZOPRA, was shown to radio-protect normal tissues by enhancing DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair mechanism. However, there are no studies assessing the effect of ZOPRA on cancerous cells. The purpose of this study is to characterize the in vitro effect of the zoledronic acid (ZO), pravastatin (PRA), and ZOPRA treatment on the molecular and cellular radiosensitivity of breast cancer cell lines., Materials: Two breast cancer cell lines, MDA MB 231 and MCF-7, were tested. Cells were treated with different concentrations of pravastatin (PRA), zoledronate (ZO), as well as their ZOPRA combination, before irradiation. Anti-γH2AX and anti-pATM immunofluorescence were performed to study DNA DSB repair kinetics. MTT assay was performed to assess cell proliferation and viability, and flow cytometry was performed to analyze the effect of the drugs on the cell cycle distribution. The clonogenic assay was used to assess cell survival., Results: ZO, PRA, and ZOPRA treatments were shown to increase the residual number of γH2AX foci for both cell lines. ZOPRA treatment was also shown to reduce the activity of the ATM kinase in MCF-7. ZOPRA induced a significant decrease in cell survival for both cell lines., Conclusions: Our findings show that pretreatment with ZOPRA can decrease the radioresistance of breast cancer cells at the molecular and cellular levels. The fact that ZOPRA was previously shown to radioprotect normal tissues, makes it a good candidate to become a therapeutic window-widening drug., (© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Breast Cancer Among Emirati National Patients.
- Author
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Iskanderian RR, Matalkah A, Abdoh A, Al Hashmi A, Jallad B, Geara F, and Grobmyer SR
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Retrospective Studies, United Arab Emirates epidemiology, Middle East, Breast Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among Emirati women and is the second leading cause of death among women in the UAE. To date, published studies regarding breast cancer in the UAE have investigated a mixed population of different ethnicities with a low percentage of UAE nationals. This is the first study to highlight the clinical and pathological data of a large cohort of exclusively Emirati national breast cancer patients diagnosed at a tertiary care medical facility., Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study involving breast cancer patients in UAE women who were evaluated and/or treated at the Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi during the period from May 2015 until June 2021., Results: This study initially included 372 participants. The median age at diagnosis was 48 years (24-86 years) and 12.3% of patients had screening detected tumors. 30% of patients presented with locally advanced disease and 20% had stage IV disease at presentation. 24% were 40 years or younger at the time of diagnosis., Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date focusing exclusively on the presentation and characteristics of Emirati women with breast cancer. The median age of incidence was 48 years and the percentage of patients diagnosed with breast cancer at age 40 or younger years was 24%. This is an agreement with data published in the Middle East, but is significantly below what is reported in Caucasian women in the Western world. In this study, Emirati patients presented with advanced stages of disease. More advanced disease, and higher stage 4 at presentation is another reflection of the low screening rates, but also an indication of a higher patient thresholds for reporting breast health concerns to medical professionals for evaluation., Conclusion: Findings of our study do suggest the need to focus efforts on continuing to understand the exact presentation of breast cancer among Emirati women and underscore the need to pursue efforts to improve public education, increase screening utilization and early detection to reduce the burden of disease and address an essential health care need for this unique population.
- Published
- 2024
44. Intraoperative radiation therapy in the management of early stage breast cancer.
- Author
-
Asha W, Geara F, Quinn S, and Shah C
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant methods, Mastectomy, Segmental, Intraoperative Care, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local surgery, Breast Neoplasms radiotherapy, Breast Neoplasms surgery, Brachytherapy methods
- Abstract
Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) following breast conserving surgery (BCS) is associated with an improvement in local control and a reduction in breast cancer mortality. While traditionally delivered with whole breast irradiation (WBI), novel approaches have looked to reduce the duration, target volume, and toxicity of adjuvant RT. One such approach is intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), which delivers radiation at the time of surgery with 80-90% of patients not requiring additional WBI. The current review presents IORT techniques and outcomes from modern series evaluating IORT as monotherapy or as a tumor bed boost. Based on two randomized trials (TARGIT-A and ELIOT) with recent updates, concern regarding higher rates of local recurrence with IORT exist, whether using electrons or low-energy techniques. In contrast, data is promising regarding IORT used as a boost, with ongoing studies evaluating its role prospectively. With respect to toxicity, the data suggest IORT is associated with comparable to slightly lower rates of toxicity though there may be a higher risk of seroma requiring aspiration and fat necrosis with IORT. Given current data and guidelines, WBI or other partial breast techniques should remain the standard of care in early stage breast cancer patients, while IORT should not be utilized outside of prospective clinical trials at this time., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Statement Chirag Shah, MD- Consultant ImpediMed, Consultant PreludeDX, Consultant Videra Surgical, Consultant Evicore, Grants- Varian Medical Systems, VisionRT, PreludeDx., (Copyright © 2022 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Radiosensitizing Effect of Curcumin on Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines: Impact on DNA Repair Mechanisms.
- Author
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Azzi J, Waked A, Bou-Gharios J, Al Choboq J, Geara F, Bodgi L, and Maalouf M
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival, DNA genetics, DNA pharmacology, DNA radiation effects, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, Humans, Curcumin pharmacology, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents pharmacology, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Chemo-radiotherapy is one of the promising approaches to treat bladder cancer, but its effectiveness is limited to sensitive patients. Polyphenol curcumin has shown anticancer and radiosensitizing potentials, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Here, the In Vitro response of UM-UC5 and UM-UC6 bladder cell lines to curcumin and radiation treatments was evaluated. The effect of curcumin on the DNA double-strand breaks repair system after treatment with ionizing radiation (2 Gy) was determined by immunofluorescence. Cell viability, proliferation, and survival were performed using trypan blue, MTT, clonogenic, and sphere-forming assays. The migratory ability of both cells was assessed by wound healing. We showed that curcumin treatment increased the radiosensitivity by modifying the DNA double-strand breaks repair kinetics of the most radioresistant cells UM-UC6 without affecting the radiosensitive UM-UC5. Moreover, UM-UC6 cell survival and proliferation was significantly decreased after the combination of curcumin with radiation. Bladder cell migration was also inhibited considerably. Curcumin was also shown to reduce the number and the volume of bladder cancer spheres of both cell lines. This study revealed that curcumin was able to radiosensitize resistant bladder cell line without affecting the sensitive one with minimal side effects through enhancing DNA damage signaling and repair pathway.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. High rates of advanced prostate cancer in the Middle East: Analysis from a tertiary care center.
- Author
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Daher M, Telvizian T, Dagher C, Abdul-Sater Z, Massih SA, Chediak AE, Charafeddine M, Shahait M, Alameddine R, Temraz S, Geara F, Youssef B, El Hajj A, Nasr R, Wazzan W, Bulbul M, Khauli R, Shamseddine A, and Mukherji D
- Abstract
Objectives: Prostate cancer incidence is increasing in the Middle East (ME); however, the data of stage at the diagnosis and treatment outcomes are lacking. In developed countries, the incidence of de novo metastatic prostate cancer ranges between 4% and 14%. We hypothesized that the rates of presentation with advanced disease are significantly higher in the ME based on clinical observation. This study aims to examine the stage at the presentation of patients with prostate cancer at a large tertiary center in the ME., Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, we identified the patients diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma and presented to a tertiary care center between January 2010 and July 2015. Clinical, demographic, and pathological characteristics were abstracted. Patients with advanced disease were stratified according to tumor volume based on definitions from practice changing clinical trials. Descriptive and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used., Results: A total of 559 patients were identified, with a median age at the diagnosis of 65 years and an age range of 39-94 years. Median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at the presentation was 10 ng/ml, and almost a quarter of the men (23%) presented with metastatic disease. The most common site of metastasis was the bone (34/89, 38%). High-volume metastasis was present in 30.3%, 9%, and 5.2% of the cohort based on STAMPEDE, CHAARTED, and LATITUDE trial criteria, respectively., Conclusion: This is the first report showing the high proportion of men from ME presenting with de novo metastasis. This could be due to many factors, including the highly variable access to specialist multidisciplinary management, lack of awareness, and lack of PSA screening in the region. There is a clear need to raise the awareness about prostate cancer screening and early detection and to address the rising burden of advanced prostate cancer affecting men in the ME region., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2021 Urology Annals.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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47. Post-lumpectomy radiation therapy boost in breast cancer patients: evidence revisited.
- Author
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Kayali M, Jaoude JA, Ramia P, Assi H, Geara F, Poortmans P, and Zeidan YH
- Abstract
Purpose: Radiation therapy is an integral part in the management of breast cancer after breast conservative surgery. In selected patients at high risk for local recurrence (LR), a boost radiation dose is commonly applied to the tumour bed., Methods: We performed a review of the English literature using PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar for published manuscripts addressing the effect of boost radiation in breast cancer patients, focusing mainly on LR and overall survival (OS)., Results: A total of seven studies were included in our review. Most studies (6/7, 85.7%) showed a significant improvement in local control independent of age (hazard ratios ranging between 0.34 and 0.73), with the largest absolute benefit in younger patients. None of the studies, however, was able to demonstrate an improvement in OS., Conclusions: With lack of sufficient studies addressing the role of boost radiation, individualised treatment decisions are recommended, taking into account the risk factors for LR, including tumour biology. Real-life data are sorely needed to better assess the role of tumour bed boost in the contemporary era., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. De-intensifying Radiation Therapy in HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer: To Boost or Not to Boost?
- Author
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Abi Jaoude J, Kayali M, de Azambuja E, Makki M, Tamim H, Tfayli A, El Saghir N, Geara F, Piccart M, Poortmans P, and Zeidan YH
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Confidence Intervals, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Mastectomy, Segmental, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Trastuzumab therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms chemistry, Breast Neoplasms radiotherapy, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Re-Irradiation statistics & numerical data, Receptor, ErbB-2
- Abstract
Purpose: Radiation therapy is fundamental in the management of breast cancer. After whole breast irradiation, an additional boost dose is often applied to the primary tumor bed. Here, we analyze the effect of radiation therapy boost on local control in patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer., Methods and Materials: We studied 1082 patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer who were originally enrolled in the Herceptin Adjuvant Trial and treated with breast-conserving surgery, radiation therapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab. The primary endpoint of the study was to determine the effect of a radiation boost on local recurrence. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated, and hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression., Results: Our analysis included 441 patients (40.8%) who received radiation therapy boost and 641 patients (59.2%) who did not, after completion of whole breast radiation. Patients from both groups had similar baseline characteristics in terms of age, nodal involvement, and grade. At a median follow-up of 11 years, local control was 93% (confidence interval, 90%-95%) in the radiation boost group compared with 91% (confidence interval, 89%-93%) in the no-boost group (P = .33). When analyzing patients by age, patients <40 years of age had a higher risk for local recurrence; however, this was not significantly lowered by the addition of boost. Furthermore, no local control benefit for boost was noted in both hormone receptor (HR) subtypes (HR+: P = .11; HR-: P = .98)., Conclusions: Patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery, whole breast radiation, and trastuzumab have excellent local control. Delivery of an additional radiation boost in this patient population was not shown to improve local control. Future studies are needed to identify subgroups of HER-2 positive patients who derive a clinically relevant benefit from radiation boost., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2020
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49. Efficacy and safety-in analysis of short-course radiation followed by mFOLFOX-6 plus avelumab for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma.
- Author
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Shamseddine A, Zeidan YH, El Husseini Z, Kreidieh M, Al Darazi M, Turfa R, Kattan J, Khalifeh I, Mukherji D, Temraz S, Alqasem K, Amarin R, Al Awabdeh T, Deeba S, Jamali F, Mohamad I, Elkhaldi M, Daoud F, Al Masri M, Dabous A, Hushki A, Jaber O, Charafeddine M, and Geara F
- Subjects
- Adenocarcinoma pathology, Adenocarcinoma surgery, Adult, Aged, Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant, Female, Fluorouracil therapeutic use, Humans, Immunotherapy, Leucovorin therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Organoplatinum Compounds therapeutic use, Prospective Studies, Rectal Neoplasms pathology, Rectal Neoplasms surgery, Treatment Outcome, Adenocarcinoma drug therapy, Adenocarcinoma radiotherapy, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Rectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Rectal Neoplasms radiotherapy
- Abstract
Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and short-course radiotherapy followed by resection has been gaining recognition in the treatment of rectal cancer. Avelumab is a fully human immunoglobulin that binds Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and prevents the suppression of the cytotoxic T cell immune response. This phase II trial evaluates the safety and pathologic response rate of short-course radiation followed by 6 cycles of mFOLFOX6 with avelumab in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC)., Methods: This study is prospective single-arm, multicenter phase II trial adopting Simon's two-stage. Short-course radiation is given over 5 fractions to a total dose of 25 Gy. mFOLFOX6 plus avelumab (10 mg/kg) are given every 2 weeks for 6 cycles. Total mesorectal excision is performed 3-4 weeks after the last cycle of avelumab. Follow up after surgery is done every 3 months to a total of 36 months. Adverse event data collection is recorded at every visit., Results: 13 out of 44 patients with LARC were enrolled in the first stage of the study (30% from total sample size). All patients met the inclusion criteria and received the full short-course radiation course followed by 6 cycles of mFOLFOX6 plus avelumab. 12 out of the 13 patients completed TME while one patient had progression of disease and was dropped out of the study. The sample consisted of 9 (69%) males and 4 (31%) females with median age of 62 (33-73) years. The first interim analysis revealed that 3 (25%) patients achieved pathologic complete response (pCR) (tumor regression grade, TRG 0) out of 12. While 3 (25%) patients had near pCR with TRG 1. In total, 6 out of 12 patients (50%) had a major pathologic response. All patients were found to be MMR proficient. The protocol regimen was well tolerated with no serious adverse events of grade 4 reported., Conclusion: In patients with LARC, neoadjuvant radiation followed by mFOLFOX6 with avelumab is safe with a promising pathologic response rate. Trial Registration Number and Date of Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03503630, April 20, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03503630?term=NCT03503630&draw=2&rank=1 .
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- 2020
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50. Corrigendum to "Demographics and outcomes of meningioma patients treated at a tertiary care center in the Middle East" [Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg. 195 (2020) 105846].
- Author
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Assi HI, Hilal L, Abu-Gheida I, Berro J, Sukhon F, Skaf G, Geara F, Boulos F, Charafeddine M, Tabbarah A, Khoury J, and Najjar M
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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