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Aim: To discuss a reserves-based model of Health, recently developed in the literature, defining Health and moving from conceptual considerations to methods of measuring Health, applicable to nursing practice and research., Design: Discursive paper., Methods: A discursive paper critically synthesising a reserves-based model of Health for conceptualising and operationalising Health, with reference to key Health theories from nursing science and social epidemiology., Results: In the reserves-based model of Health, Health was defined as the ability to maintain/restore physical, socioemotional, cognitive and physiological health reserves in order to adapt and self-manage to life's challenges. Health was measured by the sum of indicators of deterioration of health reserves., Conclusion: The reserves-based model of Health defining Health through the prism of adaptation reinforces the holistic vision of Health, appropriate to nursing practice, based on the interconnectedness of the whole person and the whole system., Implications for the Profession and Patient Care: This reserves-based model of Health is likely to modify nursing practices. Nursing diagnosis of patient adaptation could be implemented, in order to offer support care adapted to the patient's capacity to adapt, enabling health promotion strategies to be developed. Nursing research on health reserves is a future promising direction to act on individuals' capacity to adapt., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Advanced Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: To identify the articles in the existing literature that analyse healthcare costs according to the socioeconomic position (pre- or post-injury) for traumatic brain injury survivors. Secondary aims were to describe the types of costs and socioeconomic characteristics and to determine whether socioeconomic characteristics affect the risk of traumatic brain injury or whether the consequences of trauma alter living conditions post-injury., Methods: This scoping review followed the methods proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. The literature search was performed in 5 databases., Results: Twenty-two articles were included, published between 1988 and 2023. Only 2 articles (9%) followed the guidelines for economic evaluation of healthcare programmes and 2 articles (9%) evaluated socioeconomic position "completely" with 3 main individual measures of socioeconomic characteristics (i.e., education, income, and occupation). The relationship between costs and socioeconomic characteristics could vary in 2 ways in traumatic brain injury: socioeconomic disadvantage was mostly associated with higher healthcare costs, and the cost of healthcare reduced the survivors' living conditions., Conclusion: This work highlights the need for a detailed and methodologically sound assessment of the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and the costs associated with trauma. Modelling the care pathways of traumatic brain injury would make it possible to identify populations at risk of poor recovery or deterioration following a TBI, and to develop specific care pathways. The aim is to build more appropriate, effective, and equitable care programmes.

Background: Socioeconomic characteristics have a strong impact on the incidence of stroke. The highest levels of morbidity and mortality are associated with the lowest socioeconomic positions. Moreover, the health insurance budget for stroke is significant., Objectives: To describe typical Hospital Care Pathways (HCPs) and their costs 1 year after acute stroke and to assess the impact of individuals' socioeconomic characteristics on HCPs and costs., Methods: This retrospective observational study used hospital data on people with primary ischaemic stroke in a region of France (Haute-Garonne). HCPs were identified by sequential analysis. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the impact of socioeconomic characteristics on HCPs as measured using an ecological index of deprivation, and a gamma regression model was used to analyse costs., Results: The analysis identified 4 typical HCPs. The first HCP consisted exclusively of consultations, the second was composed of consultations and hospitalisations, the third included hospitalisations during the first 2 months after stroke followed by consultations, and the fourth included long-term hospitalisations. After adjustment, deprivation was associated with HCPs and determined its costs: a high level of social disadvantage determined the type of pathway and increased the costs., Conclusions: This study is one of the first to assess the impact of social inequalities in health on post-stroke HCPs in France and their corresponding costs. Our results confirm the hypothesis that healthcare costs differ according to the level of deprivation., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

A study carried out in 2014 in a hospital focused on the sources of discomfort of patients in intensive care. Resulting in raised awareness across all disciplines, it has enabled the actions to be undertaken to improve professional practices to be prioritised, in a culture of compassionate care., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)