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1. VEGFA from osteoblasts is not required for lamellar bone formation following tibial loading

Author

Jennifer A. McKenzie, Ian M. Galbreath, Andre F. Coello, Katherine R. Hixon, and Matthew J. Silva

Subjects
Male, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Mice, Histology, Osteoblasts, Tibia, Physiology, Osteogenesis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Animals, Female, Bone and Bones
Abstract

The relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis is complex. Normal bone development requires angiogenesis, mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Studies have demonstrated through systemic inhibition or genetic modification that VEGFA is indispensable for several types of bone repair, presumably via its role in supporting angiogenesis. But a direct role for VEGFA within osteoblasts, in the absence of angiogenesis, has also been suggested. To address the question of whether VEGFA from osteoblasts supports bone formation directly, we applied anabolic loading to induce lamellar bone formation in mice, a process shown to be independent of angiogenesis. We hypothesized that VEGFA from osteoblasts is required for lamellar bone formation. To test this hypothesis, we applied axial tibial compression to inducible Cre/LoxP mice from three lines. Vegfa

Published
2022

2. Surgical versus conservative treatment in patients with cerebral cavernomas and non refractory epilepsy

Author

Sara Castañer, Alejandro F. Coello, Juan Jose Acebes, Gerard Plans, Mercè Falip, Santiago Fernández, and Júlia Miró

Subjects
Adult, Male, Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System, medicine.medical_specialty, Cerebral cavernomas, Clinical Neurology, Neurosurgical Procedures, law.invention, Hemangioma, Young Adult, Epilepsy, Randomized controlled trial, Seizures, law, Humans, Medicine, In patient, Young adult, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Outcome, Brain Neoplasms, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Refractory epilepsy, Anticonvulsants, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, Medical treatment
Abstract

Purpose The optimal therapy of patients with cerebral cavernoma (CCs) and new onset epilepsy, sporadic seizures, or non well established refractory epilepsy is still not clear. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of seizures in patients with CCs both operated and non operated, in order to obtain more information on the correct management of these patients. Materials and methods We studied retrospectively 43 patients with non refractory epilepsy secondary to CCs. Twenty-six of them (60.5%) underwent surgery and made up the surgical group, and 17 patients were treated medically and constituted the medical group. Seizure frequency and other clinical variables were compared between both groups. Results At two years, out of the 26 operated patients, 19 (73%) remained seizure free, 4 (15%) had less than a seizure per month, and one patient (4%) had more than one seizure per month. At five years, 15 patients of the surgical group remained for analysis. Of them, 11 (73.3%) were seizure free, and 4 (26.7%) had less than one seizure a month. In the medical group, 12 out of 17 patients were seizure free (70.6%). There were no significant differences between the two groups ( p =0.2 and p =0.3, respectively). Seven patients had postoperative neurological sequelae. Conclusion Surgical treatment of patients with non refractory epilepsy due to CCs did not significantly reduce the likelihood of seizures when compared to medical treatment. It must also be considered that surgery carries serious risks. A prospective and randomized study must be carried out to further clarify our findings.

Published
2012
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3. Protection against heavy metal toxicity by mucus and scales in fish

Author

M. A. Q. Khan and W. F. Coello

Subjects
food.ingredient, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, chemistry.chemical_element, Metal toxicity, Micropterus, Green sunfish, Toxicology, Lepomis, Bass (fish), Animal science, food, Animals, Centrarchidae, biology, Fishes, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Mercury (element), Fishery, Mucus, chemistry, Metals, Freshwater fish, sense organs, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract

Fingerlings of three freshwater fish showed differences in susceptibility to lethality of 250 mg/L lead suspension or lead nitrate solution in water. Among these, the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) was more tolerant than green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) and goldfish (Carassius auratus). The addition of mucus from largemouth bass, when added to jars containing lead, increased the LT-50 value (time to kill 50% of fingerling exposed to 250 mg/L lead) in green sunfish and goldfish. However, adding scales, especially if the scales were treated with an alkaline solution of cysteine and glycine, made all of these species tolerant to otherwise lethal concentrations of lead or mercury. The scales buffered the pH of lead nitrate solution as well as removed lead (and mercury) from water (by settling down at the bottom after sequestering lead). Scales of younger fingerlings of largemouth bass were more efficient in chelating heavy metals than those of older ones.

Published
1996
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4. Abstracts

Author

J. M. Derlon, M. C. Petit-taboué, F. Dauphin, P. Courtheoux, F. Chapon, P. Creissard, F. Darcel, J. P. Houtteville, B. Kaschten, B. Sadzot, A. Stevenaert, Juri G. Tjuvajev, Homer A. Macapinlac, Farhad Daghighian, James Z. Ginos, Ronald D. Finn, M. S. Jiaju Zhang, Bradley Beattie, Martin Graham, Steven M. Larson, Ronald G. Blasberg, M. Levivier, S. Goldman, B. Pirotte, J. M. Brucher, D. Balériaux, A. Luxen, J. Hildebrand, J. Brotchi, K. G. Go, R. L. Kamman, E. L. Mooyaart, M. A. A. M. Heesters, P. E. Sijens, M. Oudksrk, P. van Dijk, P. C. Levendag, Ch. J. Vecht, R. J. Metz, D. N. Kennedy, B. R. Rosen, F. H. Hochberg, A. J. Fishman, P. A. Filipek, V. S. Caviness, M. W. Gross, F. X. Weinzierl, A. E. Trappe, W. E. Goebel, A. M. Frank, Georg Becker, Andreas Krone, Karsten Schmidt, Erich Hofmann, Ulrich Bogdahn, H. Bencsch, S. Fclber, G. Finkenstedt, C. Kremser, G. Sfockhammer, F. Aichner, U. Bogdahn, T. Fröhlich, G. Becker, A. Krone, R. Schlief, J. Schürmann, P. Jachimczak, E. Hofmann, W. Roggendorf, K. Roosen, C. M. Carapella, G. Carpinelli, R. Passalacqua, L. Raus, M. Giannini, R. Mastrostefano, F. Podo, A. Tofani, R. Maslrostefano, M. Mottoles, A. Ferraironi, M. G. Scelsa, P. Oppido, A. Riccio, C. L. Maini, L. Collombier, L. Taillandier, M. Dcbouverie, M. H. Laurens, P. Thouvenot, M. Weber, A. Bertrand, G. S. Cruickshank, J. Patterson, D. Hadley, Olivier De Witte, Jerzy Hildebrand, André Luxen, Serge Goldman, R. -I. Ernestus, K. Bockhorst, M. Eis, T. Els, M. Hoehn-Berlage, M. Gliese, R. Fründ, A. Geissler, C. Woertgen, M. Holzschuh, O. Hausmann, A. Merlo, E. Jerrnann, J. Uirich, R. Chiquet-Ehrismann, J. Müller, H. Mäcke, O. Gratzl, K. Herholz, M. Ghaemi, M. Würker, U. Pietrzyk, W. -D. Heiss, K. Kotitschke, M. Brandl, J. C. Tonn, A. Haase, S. Muigg, S. Felber, M. Woydt, Heinrich Lanfermann, Walter Heindel, Harald Kugel, Ralf -Ingo Erneslus, Gabricle Röhn, Klaus Lackner, F. S. Pardo, S. Kutke, A. G. Sorensen, L. L. Mechtler, S. Withiam-Lench, K. Shin, W. R. Klnkel, M. Patel, B. Truax, P. Kinkel, L. Mechtler, M. Ricci, P. Pantano, A. Maleci, S. Pierallini, D. Di Stefano, L. Bozzao, G. P. Cantore, Gabriele Röhn, R. Schröder, R. Ruda, C. Mocellini, R. Soffietti, M. Campana, R. Ropolo, A. Riva, P. G. de Filippi, D. Schiffer, D. Salgado, M. Rodrigues, L. Salgado, A. T. Fonseca, M. R. Vieira, J. M. Bravo Marques, H. Satoh, T. Uozumi, K. Kiya, K. Kurisu, K. Arita, M. Sumida, F. Ikawa, Tz. Tzuk-Shina, J. M. Gomori, R. Rubinstein, A. Lossos, T. Siegal, W. Vaalburg, A. M. J. Paans, A. T. M. Willemsen, A. van Waarde, J. Pruim, G. M. Visser, S. Valentini, Y. L. T. Ting, R. De Rose, G. Chidichimo, G. Corricro, Karin van Lcycn-Pilgram, Ralf -Ingo Erncslus, Norfried Klug, K. van Leyen-Pilgram, N. Klug, U. Neumann, Karl H. Plate, Georg Breier, Birgit Millaucr, Herbert A. Weich, Axel Ullrich, Werner Risau, N. Roosen, R. K. Chopra, T. Mikkelsen, S. D. Rosenblum, P. S. Yan, R. Knight, J. Windham, M. L. Rosenblum, A. Attanasio, P. Cavalla, A. Chio, M. T. Giordana, A. Migheli, V. Amberger, T. Hensel, M. E. Schwab, Luigi Cervoni, Paolo Celli, Roberto Tarantino, C. Huettner, U. Berweiler, I. Salmon, S. Rorive, K. Rombaut, J. Haot, R. Kiss, C. Maugard-Louboutin, J. Charrier, G. Fayet, C. Sagan, P. Cuillioere, G. Ricolleau, S. Martin, D. Menegalli-Bogeelli, Y. Lajat, F. Resche, Péter Molnàr, Helga Bárdos, Róza Ádány, J. P. Rogers, G. J. Pilkington, B. Pollo, G. Giaccone, A. Allegranza, O. Bugiani, J. Prim, J. Badia, E. Ribas, F. Coello, E. Shezen, O. Abramsky, M. Scerrati, R. Roselli, M. Iacoangeli, A. Pompucci, G. F. Rossi, Saleh M. Al. Deeb, Osama Koreich, Basim Yaqub, Khalaf R. Al. Moutaery, S. Marino, M. C. Vigliani, V. Deburghgraeve, D. Gedouin, M. Ben Hassel, Y. Guegan, B. Jeremic, D. Grujicic, V. Antunovic, M. Matovic, Y. Shibamoto, Merja Kallio, Helena Huhmar, Ch. Kudoh, A. Detta, K. Sugiura, E. R. Hitchcock, R. Di Russo, M. Cipriani§, E. M. Occhipinti, E. M. S. Conti, A. Clowegeser, M. Ortler, M. Seiwald, H. Kostron, B. Rajan, G. Ross, C. Lim, S. Ashlcy, D. Goode, D. Traish, M. Brada, G. A. C. vd Sanden, L. J. Schouten, J. W. W. Coebergh, P. P. A. Razenberg, A. Twijnstra, A. Snilders-Keilholz, J. H. C. Voormolen, J. Hermans, J. W. H. Leer, F. Baylac, M. Dcbouvcrie, R. Anxionnal, S. Bracard, J. M. Vignand, A. Duprcz, M. Winking, D. K. Böker, T. Simmet, David Rothbart, John Strugar, Jeroen Balledux, Gregory R. Criscuolo, Piotr Jachimczak, Armin Blesch, Birgit Heβdörfer, Ralf -Ingo Ernestus, Roland Schröder, Norfrid Klug, H. G. J. Krouwer, S. G. v. Duinen, A. Algra, J. Zentner, H. K. Wolf, B. Ostertun, A. Hufnagel, M. G. Campos, L. Solymosi, J. Schramm, E. S. Newlands, S. M. O'Reilly, M. Brampton, R. Sciolla, D. Seliak, R. Henriksson, A. T. Bergenheim, P. Björk, P. -O. Gunnarsson, Ml. Hariz, R. Grant, D. Collie, A. Gregor, K. P. Ebmeier, G. Jarvis, F. Lander, A. Cull, R. Sellar, C. Thomas, S. Elyan, F. Hines, S. Ashley, S. Stenning, J. J. Bernstein, W. J. Goldberg, U. Roelcke, K. Von Ammon, E. W. Radu, D. Kaech, K. L. Leenders, M. M. Fitzek, J. Efird Aronen, F. Hochberg, M. Gruber, E. Schmidt, B. Rosen, A. Flschman, P. Pardo, U. M. U. Afra, L. Sipos, F. Slouik, A. Boiardi, A. Salmaggi, A. Pozzi, L. Farinotti, L. Fariselli, A. Silvani, A. Brandes, E. Scelzi, A. Rigon, P. Zampieri, M. Pignataro, P. D'. Amanzo, P. Amista, A. Rotilio, M. V. Fiorentino, R. Thomas, L. Brazil, A. M. O'Connor, Maurizio Salvati, Fabrizio Puzzilli, Michele Raguso, R. Duckworth, R. Rumpling, M. Rottuci, G. Broggi, N. G. Plrint, E. Sabattini, V. Manetto, H. Gambacorta, S. Poggi, S. Pileri, R. Ferracini, D. V. Plev, N. J. Hopf, E. Knosp, J. Bohl, A. Perncczky, I. Catnby, O. Dewitte, J. L. Pasteels, I. Camby, F. Darro, A. Danguy, M. C. Kiu, G. M. Lai, T. S. Yang, K. T. Ng, J. S. Chen, C. N. Chang, W. M. Leung, Y. S. Ho, M. Deblec Rychter, A. Klimek, P. P. Liberski, A. Karpinaka, P. Krauseneck, V. Schöffel, B. Müller, F. W. Kreth, M. Faist, P. C. Warnke, C. B. Ostertag, K. M. B. v. Nielen, M. C. Visscr, C. Lebrun, M. Lonjon, T. Desjardin, J. F. Michiels, Sa. Lagrange J. L. Chanalet, J. L. Roche, M. Chatel, L. Mastronardi, F. Puzzilli, Farah J. Osman, P. Lunardi, M. Matsutani, Y. Ushio, K. Takakura, Johan Menten, Han Hamers, Jacques Ribot, René Dom, Hans Tcepen, N. Weidner, G. Naujocks, D. van Roost, O. D. Wiestler, A. Kuncz, C. Nieder, M. Setzel-Sesterhein, M. Niewald, I. Schnabel, K. S. O'Neill, N. D. Kitchen, P. R. Wilkins, H. T. Marsh, E. Pierce, R. Doshi, R. Deane, S. Previtali, A. Quattrini, R. Nemni, A. Ducati, L. Wrabetz, N. Canal, C. J. A. Punt, L. Stamatakis, B. Giroux, E. Rutten, Matthew R. Quigley, P. A. -C. Beth Sargent, Nicholas Flores, Sheryl Simon, Joseph C. Maroon, A. A. Rocca, C. Gervasoni, A. Castagna, P. Picozzi, E. Giugni, G. P. Tonnarelli, F. Mangili, G. Truci, M. Giovanelli, W. Sachsenheimer, T. Bimmler, H. Rhomberg W. Eiter, A. Obwegesser, H. Steilen, W. Henn, J. R. Moringlane, H. Kolles, W. Feiden, K. D. Zang, W. I. Sleudel, Andreas Steinbrecher, Martin Schabet, Clemens Heb, Michael Bamberg, Johannes Dichgans, G. Stragliotto, J. Y. Delattre, M. Poisson, L. Tosatto, P. D'Amanzo, N. Menicucci, S. Mingrino, W. I. Steudel, R. Feld, J. Ph. Maire, M. Caudry, J. Guerin, D. Celerier, N. Salem, H. Demeaux, J. F. Fahregat, M. E. Kusak, A. Bucno, J. Albisua, P. Jerez, J. L. Sarasa, R. Garefa, J. M. de Campos, A. Bueno, R. García-Delgado, R. García-Sola, A. A. Lantsov, T. I. Shustova, D. Lcnartz, R. Wellenreuther, A. von Deirnling, W. Köning, J. Menzel, S. Scarpa, A. Manna, M. G. Reale, P. A. Oppido, L. Frati, C. A. Valery, M. Ichen, J. P. Foncin, C. Soubrane, D. Khayat, J. Philippon, R. Vaz, C. Cruz, S. Weis, D. Protopapa, R. März, P. A. Winkler, H. J. Reulen, K. Bise, E. Beuls, J. Berg, W. Deinsberger, M. Samii, V. Darrouzet, J. Guérin, R. Trouette, N. Causse, J. P. Bébéar, F. Parker, J. N. Vallee, R. Carlier, M. Zerah, C. Lacroix-Jousselin, Joseph M. Piepmeier, John Kveton, Agnes Czibulka, G. S. Tigliev, M. P. Chernov, L. N. Maslova, José M. Valdueza, Werner Jänisch, Alexander Bock, Lutz Harms, E. M. Bessell, F. Graus, J. Punt, J. Firth, T. Hope, Osama Koriech, Saleh Al Deeb, Khalaf Al Moutaery, B. Yaqub, A. Franzini, R. Goldbrunner, M. Warmuth-Metz, W. Paulus, J. -Ch. Tonn, I. I. Strik, C. Markert, K. -W. Pflughaupt, B. P. O'Neill, R. P. Dinapoli, J. Voges, V. Sturm, U. Deuß, C. Traud, H. Treuer, R. Lehrke, D. G. Kim, R. P. Müller, Yu. S. Alexandrov, K. Moutaery, M. Aabed, O. Koreich, G. M. Ross, D. Ford, I. L. O. Schmeets, J. J. Jager, M. A. G. Pannebakker, J. M. A. de Jong, E. van Lindert, K. Kitz, S. Blond, F. Dubois, R. Assaker, M. C. Baranzelli, M. Sleiman, J. P. Pruvo, B. Coche-Dequeant, K. Sano, G. PetriČ-Grabnar, B. Jereb, N. Župančič, M. Koršič, N. G. Rainov, W. Burkert, Yukitaka Ushio, Masato Kochi, Youichi Itoyama, R. García, L. Ferrando, K. Hoang-Xuan, M. Sanson, P. Merel, O. Delattre, G. Thomas, D. Haritz, B. Obersen, F. Grochulla, D. Gabel, K. Haselsberger, H. Radner, G. Pendl, R. W. Laing, A. P. Warrington, P. J. C. M. Nowak, I. K. K. Kolkman-Deurloo, A. G. Visser, Hv. d. Berge, C. G. J. H. Niël, P. Bergström, M. Hariz, P. -O. Löfroth, T. Bergenheim, C. Cortet-rudelli, D. Dewailly, B. Coche-dequeant, B. Castelain, R. Dinapoli, E. Shaw, R. Coffey, J. Earle, R. Foote, P. Schomberg, D. Gorman, N. Girard, M. N. Courel, B. Delpech, G. M. Friehs, O. Schröttner, R. Pötter, R. hawliczek, P. Sperveslage, F. J. Prott, S. Wachter, K. Dieckmann, B. Bauer, R. Jund, F. Zimmermann, H. J. Feldmann, P. Kneschaurek, M. Molls, G. Lederman, J. Lowry, S. Wertheim, L. Voulsinas, M. Fine, I. Voutsinas, G. Qian, H. Rashid, P. Montemaggi, R. Trignani, C. West, W. Grand, C. Sibata, D. Guerrero, N. James, R. Bramer, H. Pahlke, N. Banik, M. Hövels, H. J. J. A. Bernsen, P. F. J. W. Rijken, B. P. J. Van der Sanden, N. E. M. Hagemeier, A. J. Van der Kogel, P. J. Koehler, H. Verbiest, J. Jager, A. McIlwrath, R. Brown, C. Mottolesb, A. Pierre'Kahn, M. Croux, J. Marchai, P. Delhemes, M. Tremoulet, B. Stilhart, J. Chazai, P. Caillaud, R. Ravon, J. Passacha, E. Bouffet, C. M. F. Dirven, J. J. A. Mooy, W. M. Molenaar, G. M. Lewandowicz, N. Grant, W. Harkness, R. Hayward, D. G. T. Thomas, J. L. Darling, N. Delepine, I. I. Subovici, B. Cornille, S. Markowska, JC. Desbois Alkallaf, J. KühI, D. Niethammer, H. J. Spaar, A. Gnekow, W. Havers, F. Berthold, N. Graf, F. Lampert, E. Maass, R. Mertens, V. Schöck, A. Aguzzi, A. Boukhny, S. Smirtukov, A. Prityko, B. Hoiodov, O. Geludkova, A. Nikanorov, P. Levin, B. D'haen, F. Van Calenbergh, P. Casaer, R. Dom, J. Menten, J. Goffin, C. Plets, A. Hertel, P. Hernaiz, C. Seipp, K. Siegler, R. P. Baum, F. D. Maul, D. Schwabe, G. Jacobi, B. Kornhuber, G. Hör, A. Merzak, H. K. Rooprai, P. Bullock, P. H. M. F. van Domburg, P. Wesseling, H. O. M. Thijssen, J. E. A. Wolff, J. Boos, K. H. Krähling, V. Gressner-Brocks, H. Jürgens, J. Schlegel, H. Scherthan, N. Arens, Gabi Stumm, Marika Kiessling, S. Koochekpour, G. Reifenberger, J. Reifenberger, L. Liu, C. D. James, W. Wechsler, V. P. Collins, Klaus Fabel-Schulte, Plotr Jachimczak, Birgitt Heßdörfer, Inge Baur, Karl -Hermann Schlingensiepen, Wolgang Brysch, A. Blesch, A. K. Bosserhoff, R. Apfel, F. Lottspeich, R. Büttner, R. Cece, I. Barajon, S. Tazzari, G. Cavaletti, L. Torri-Tarelli, G. Tredici, B. Hecht, C. Turc-Carel, R. Atllas, P. Gaudray, J. Gioanni, F. Hecht, J. A. Rey, M. J. Bello, M. Parent, P. Gosselin, J. L. Christiaens, J. R. Schaudies, M. Janka, U. Fischer, E. Meese, M. Remmelink, P. Cras, R. J. Bensadoun, M. Frenay, J. L. Formento, G. Milano, J. L. Lagrange, P. Grellier, J. -Y. Lee, H. -H. Riese, J. Cervós-Navarro, W. Reutter, B. Lippitz, C. Scheitinger, M. Scholz, J. Weis, J. M. Gilsbach, L. Füzesi, Y. J. Li, R. Hamelin, Erik Van de Kelft, Erna Dams, Jean -Jacques Martin, Patrick Willems, J. Erdmann, R. E. Wurm, S. Sardell, J. D. Graham, Jun -ichi Kuratsu, M. Aichholzer, K. Rössler, F. Alesch, A. Ertl, P. S. Sorensen, S. Helweg-Larsen, H. Mourldsen, H. H. Hansen, S. Y. El Sharoum, M. W. Berfelo, P. H. M. H. Theunissen, I. Fedorcsák, I. Nyáry, É. Osztie, Á. Horvath, G. Kontra, J. Burgoni-chuzel, P. Paquis, SW. Hansen, PS. Sørensen, M. Morche, F. J. Lagerwaard, W. M. H. Eijkenboom, P. I. M. Schmilz, S. Lentzsch, F. Weber, J. Franke, B. Dörken, G. Schettini, R. Qasho, D. Garabello, S. Sales, R. De Lucchi, E. Vasario, X. Muracciole, J. Régis, L. Manera, J. C. Peragut, P. Juin, R. Sedan, K. Walter, K. Schnabel, N. Niewald, U. Nestle, W. Berberich, P. Oschmann, R. D. Theißen, K. H. Reuner, M. Kaps, W. Dorndorf, K. K. Martin, J. Akinwunmi, A. Kennedy, A. Linke, N. Ognjenovic, A. I. Svadovsky, V. V. Peresedov, A. A. Bulakov, M. Y. Butyalko, I. G. Zhirnova, D. A. Labunsky, V. V. Gnazdizky, I. V. Gannushkina, M. J. B. Taphoorn, R. Potman, F. Barkhof, J. G. Weerts, A. B. M. F. Karim, J. J. Heimans, M. van de Pol, V. C. van Aalst, J. T. Wilmink, J. J. van der Sande, W. Boogerd, R. Kröger, A. Jäger, C. Wismeth, A. Dekant, W. Brysch, K. H. Schlingensiepen, B. Pirolte, V. Cool, C. Gérard, J. L. Dargent, T. Velu, U. Herrlinger, M. Schabet, P. Ohneseit, R. Buchholz, Jianhong Zhu, Regina Reszka, Friedrich Weber, Wolfgang Walther, L. I. Zhang, Mario Brock, J. P. Rock, H. Zeng, J. Feng, J. D. Fenstermacher, A. Gabizon, M. Beljanski, S. Crochet, B. Zackrisson, J. Elfverson, G. Butti, R. Baetta, L. Magrassi, M. R. De Renzis, M. R. Soma, C. Davegna, S. Pezzotta, R. Paoletti, R. Fumagalli, L. Infuso, A. A. Sankar, G. -L. Defer, P. Brugières, F. Gray, C. Chomienne, J. Poirier, L. Degos, J. D. Degos, Bruno M. Colombo, Stefano DiDonato, Gaetano Finocchiaro, K. M. Hebeda, H. J. C. M. Sterenborg, A. E. Saarnak, J. G. Wolbers, M. J. C. van Gemert, P. Kaaijk, D. Troost, S. Leenstra, P. K. Das, D. A. Bosch, B. W. Hochleitner, A. Obwegeser, W. Vooys, G. C. de Gast, J. J. M. Marx, T. Menovsky, J. F. Beek, V. Schirrmacher, A. Schmitz, A. M. Eis-Hübinger, p. h. Piepmeier, Patricia Pedersen, Charles Greer, Tommy Shih, Amr Elrifal, William Rothfus, L. Rohertson, R. Rampling, T. L. Whoteley, J. A. Piumb, D. J. Kerr, P. A. Falina, I. M. Crossan, K. L. Ho, M. M. Ruchoux, S. Vincent, F. Jonca, J. Plouet, M. Lecomte, D. Samid, A. Thibault, Z. Ram, E. H. Oldfield, C. E. Myers, E. Reed, Y. Shoshan, Tz. Siegal, G. Stockhammer, M. Rosenblum, F. Lieberman, A. J. A. Terzis, R. Bjerkvig, O. D. Laerum, H. Arnold, W. D. Figg, G. Flux, S. Chittenden, P. Doshi, D. Bignor, M. Zalutsky, Juri Tjuvajev, Michael Kaplitt, Revathi Desai, M. S. Bradley, B. S. Bettie, Bernd Gansbacher, Ronald Blasberg, H. K. Haugland, J. Saraste, K. Rooseni, A. J. P. E. Vincent, C. J. J. Avezaat, A. Bout, J. L. Noteboom, C. h. Vecht, D. Valerio, P. M. Hoogerbrugge, R. Reszka, J. Zhu, W. Walther, J. List, W. Schulz, I. I. J. C. M. Sterenborg, W. Kamphorst, H. A. M. van Alplien, P. Salander, R. Laing, B. Schmidt, G. Grau, T. Bohnstedt, A. Frydrych, K. Franz, R. Lorenz, F. Berti, A. Paccagnella, P. L. van Deventer, P. L. I. Dellemijn, M. J. van den Bent, P. J. Kansen, N. G. Petruccioli, E. Cavalletti, B. Kiburg, L. J. Müller, C. M. Moorer-van Delft, H. H. Boer, A. Pace, L. Bove, A. Pietrangeli, P. Innocenti, A. Aloe, M. Nardi, B. Jandolo, S. J. Kellie, S. S. N. De Graaf, H. Bloemhof, D. Roebuck, Pozza L. Dalla, D. D. R. Uges, I. Johnston, M. Besser, R. A. Chaseling, S. Koeppen, S. Gründemann, M. Nitschke, P. Vieregge, E. Reusche, P. Rob, D. Kömpf, T. J. Postma, J. B. Vermorken, R. P. Rampling, D. J. Dunlop, M. S. Steward, S. M. Campbell, S. Roy, P. H. E. Hilkens, J. Verweij, W. L. J. van Putten, J. W. B. Moll, M. E. L. van der Burg, A. S. T. Planting, E. Wondrusch, U. Zifko, M. Drlicek, U. Liszka, W. Grisold, B. Fazeny, Ch. Dittrich, Jan J. Verschuuren, Patricio I. Meneses, Myrna R. Rosenfeld, Michael G. Kaplitt, Jerome B. Posner, Josep Dalmau, P. A. E. Sillevis Smitt, G. Manley, J. B. Posner, G. Bogliun, L. Margorati, G. Bianchi, U. Liska, B. Casati, C. Kolig, H. Grisold, R. Reñe, M. Uchuya, F. Valldeoriola, C. Benedetti de Cosentiro, D. Ortale, R. Martinez, J. Lambre, S. Cagnolati, C. Vinai, M. G. Forno, R. Luksch, P. Confalonieri, J. Scholz, G. Pfeiffer, J. Netzer, Ch. Hansen, Ch. Eggers, Ch. Hagel, K. Kunze, Marc K. Rosenblum, and Frank S. Lieberman

Subjects
Cancer Research, Neurology, Oncology, Neurology (clinical)
Published
1994
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5. Monitorización de la hemodinámica cerebral en los traumatismos craneoencefálicos graves a partir de las diferencias arterioyugulares de oxígeno. Fundamentos, metodología e indicaciones

Author

E. Rubio, J. Sauquillo, A. Chasampi, A. Robles, Maria A. Poca, A. Gamacho, M.D. Pelegri, C. Triginer, F. Ramirez, and F. Coello

Subjects
Severe head injury, business.industry, Jugular bulb, Medicine, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), Cerebral metabolism, business, Humanities
Abstract

Resumen Estudios recientes han demostrado la importancia de las lesiones secundarias en el resultado final de los pacientes afectos de un traumatismo craneoencefalico grave (TCEG). Entre las lesiones secundarias, revisten una especial importancia las lesiones hipoxico-isquemicas cerebrales. La potencial reversibilidad en algunos casos de las lesiones isquemicas, sugiere la necesidad de un diagnostico precoz y adecuado de las mismas. La monitorizacion de la hemodinamica y del metabolismo cerebral a partir de las diferencias arteriovenosas de oxigeno y lactatos, permite detectar alteraciones del metabolismo energetico celular. A pesar de que diversos autores preconizan este sistema de monitorizacion, la literatura que existe al respecto es escasa y controvertida. En este trabajo pretendemos exponer los fundamentos, indicaciones y limitaciones del metodo, ya que su uso rutinario puede contribuir a la racionalizacion de las medidas terapeuticas y, en ultimo termino, a mejorar el pronostico de los pacientes con un TCE grave.

Published
1992
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6. Papillary tumor of the pineal region

Author

Susana Boluda, Alberto Torres, Juan Jose Acebes, and Alejandro F. Coello

Subjects
Adult, Papillary Ependymoma, business.industry, Brain Neoplasms, Ependymal Differentiation, Papillary tumor, Anatomy, Choroid plexus carcinoma, medicine.disease, Choroid plexus papilloma, Pineal Gland, Carcinoma, Papillary, Papillary Meningioma, Medicine, Humans, Choroid plexus, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, Pinealoma, Subcommissural organ
Abstract

Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) demonstrating papillary features, and particularly in the pineal region, are rare. Papillary tumor of the pineal region (PTPR) is a recently described rare neuroepithelial tumour included in the fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours of the CNS, published in 2007. This new histopathological entity manifests in children and adults, with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showing variable degree of T1 hyperintensity signal as well as contrast enhancement. In addition to the initial report of six cases by Jouvet et al. (Am J Surg Pathol 27:505–512, 2003) several case reports have been published in the literature to date. PTPR is characterized by presenting an epithelial-like cytology and a papillary architecture with immunoreactivity for broad-spectrum cytokeratins. Ultrastructurally observed features suggest ependymal differentiation and a possible origin from specialized ependymal cells of the subcommissural organ (SCO) has been postulated. The differential diagnosis of PTPR include pineal parenchymal tumors, choroid plexus tumors, papillary ependymoma, papillary meningioma, and metastasis. As a result of the rarity of these tumors, the biological behaviour of PTPR is not yet clear. It may correspond to WHO grades II or III. The high risk of local recurrence makes accurate surgery followed by radiotherapy necessary to achieve optimal treatment.

Published
2009

7. Effect of Keratin on Heavy Metal Chelation and Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms

Author

Walter F. Coello and M. A. Q. Khan

Subjects
integumentary system, biology, fungi, Daphnia magna, chemistry.chemical_element, biology.organism_classification, Chloride, Mercury (element), chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Nitric acid, Environmental chemistry, Toxicity, medicine, Chelation, Sulfate, Water pollution, medicine.drug
Abstract

The presence of fresh scales and human hair in water can reduce the toxicity of lead nitrate at and above 6 ppb to fish. This ability is lost on drying and storage, but can be restored if dried hair or scales are treated with a solution of amino acids. The chelation ability of keratin in amino acid-treated scales or hair is retained for months on dry storage. Addition of these hair and/or scales to solutions of lead nitrate, mercuric chloride and a mixture of both, and cupric sulfate reduced the toxicity of these solutions to Daphnia magna and Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussels). Toxicity of 10 ppm solutions of salts of 27 different metals to daphnids was similarly reduced after filtration through scales or hair. A mixture of a 2 ppb concentration of each of these 27 metals also became nonlethal to daphnids in the presence of, or filtration through, treated scales or hair. 0.25 g of treated hair or scale can be used indefinitely, again and again, to remove the mixture of these 27 metals from their fresh solution in 1 L water if the keratin is frequently rinsed with 0.1% nitric acid to remove the bound metals. The keratinmore » in scales, this, may be the most important ectodermal secretion in absorbing metals from polluted environments and in providing protection against their toxic levels.« less

Published
2009
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8. Early ischaemia after severe head injury. Preliminary results in patients with diffuse brain injuries

Author

Juan Sahuquillo, Rubio E, F. Coello, M.A. Poca, C. Triginer, Godet C, A. Robles, and A. Garnacho

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Adolescent, Ischemia, Wounds, Penetrating, Brain damage, Brain Ischemia, Central nervous system disease, Head Injuries, Closed, medicine, Humans, Glasgow Coma Scale, Lactic Acid, Brain Concussion, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Vascular disease, business.industry, Head injury, Brain, Middle Aged, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, medicine.disease, Oxygen, Survival Rate, Cerebral blood flow, Anesthesia, Brain Injuries, Lactates, Surgery, Brain Damage, Chronic, Female, Wounds, Gunshot, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Blood Flow Velocity, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Ischaemic brain lesions still have a high prevalence in fatally head injured patients and are the single most important cause of secondary brain damage. The present study was undertaken to explore the acute phase of severely head injured patients in order to detect early ischaemia using Robertson's approach of estimating cerebral blood flow (CBF) from calculated arterio-jugular differences of oxygen (AVDO2), lactates (AVDL), and the lactate-oxygen index (LOI). Twenty-eight cases with severe head injury were included (Glasgow Coma Scale Score below or equal to 8). All patients but one had a non-missile head injury. All the patients had a diffuse brain injury according to the admission CT scan. ICP measured at the time of admission was below 20 mmHg in 17 cases (61%). All patients were evaluated with the ischaemia score (IS) devised in our center to evaluate risk factors for developing ischaemia. Mean time from injury to the first AVDO2/AVDL study was 23.9 +/- 9.9 hours. According to Robertson's criteria, 13 patients (46%) had a calculated LOI (-AVDL/AVDO2) value above or equal to 0.08 and therefore an ischaemia/infarction pattern in the first 24 hours after the accident. Of the 15 patients without the ischaemia/infarction pattern, in three cases the CBF was below the metabolic demands and therefore in a situation of compensated hypoperfusion. No patient in our series had hyperaemia. Comparing different variables in ischaemic and non-ischaemic patients, only arterial haemoglobin and ischaemia score (IS) was significantly different in both groups. The ischaemia score had mean of 4.3 +/- 1.7 in the ischaemic group and 2.7 +/- 1.4 in non-ischaemic patients (p = 0.01). It is concluded that ischaemia is highly prevalent in the early period after severe head injury. Factors potentially responsible of early ischaemia are discussed.

Published
1993

9. [Hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage]

Author

J, Prim Capdevila, D, Campillo Valero, and F, Coello Gómez

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Intracranial Aneurysm, Middle Aged, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts, Drainage, Humans, Female, Heart Atria, Peritoneum, Aged, Hydrocephalus
Abstract

Fifty patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were evaluated, with attention to past history, age, sex, time from the onset of symptoms to hospital admission, etiology of SAH, diagnostic procedures, therapy and outcome. Of these, 16 who showed ventricular dilatation in the CT during their evolution were analyzed. We emphasize the importance of the neurologic evolution of the patient for the consideration of the need of surgical therapy with external drainage of cerebrospinal fluid or definitive shunt. Ten patients required definitive shunt; in 7 of them, SAH had been caused by arterial aneurysm. All had a grade higher than 3 in Hunt and Hess' scale and only one half received fibrinolytic drugs during their treatment.

Published
1990

11. Lead content of soils along Chicago's Eisenhower and Loop-terminal Expressways

Author

Zohra Saleem, M. A. Q. Khan, and W. F. Coello

Subjects
Hydrology, Chicago, Time Factors, Correlation coefficient, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Lead (sea ice), General Medicine, Seasonality, Toxicology, Positive correlation, medicine.disease, Pollution, Photometry, Soil, Lead, Traffic volume, Soil water, medicine, Environmental science, Seasons, Vehicle Emissions
Abstract

The lead content of soils along Chicago's two expressways, the Chicago Loop-terminal Expressway and the Eisenhower Expressway, have been determined in various seasons of the year and at various distances from the roadway. The concentration of lead in soils along the Chicago Loop-terminal Expressway and adjoining city streets show positive correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.988) with the average traffic volume near the sampling sites during the same season. The levels of lead in soils along the Eisenhower Expressway, at the same site, vary with the season; the lead levels are the least during fall and winter and they increase during spring and attain peak values during summer. This seasonal variation in the lead levels is similar to the seasonal variations in average monthly traffic volumes on the expressway. The soil contains as much as 7,600 parts per million of lead (micrograms per gram of dried soil) up to 45 feet and 900 parts per million up to 150 feet from the Eisenhower Expressway. There is a need to investigate the contamination of human beings that live or work in buildings within these distances from the expressways and wider buffer zones need to be provided along future expressways.

Published
1973

12. [Obstetric prevention and infant subnormality]

Author

F, Coello Higueras

Subjects
Pregnancy, Intellectual Disability, Birth Injuries, Methods, Humans, Brain Damage, Chronic, Female, Delivery, Obstetric, Labor Presentation
Published
1974

15. Advances in the management of trigeminal neuralgia

Author

M, Hodaie and A F, Coello

Subjects
Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Humans, Trigeminal Nerve, Trigeminal Neuralgia, Microvascular Decompression Surgery, Rhizotomy
Abstract

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), one of the most intense forms of facial pain, has been the subject of great clinical interest. Significant advances have been made in its management, including surgical treatment and imaging of the trigeminal nerve and associated neurovascular compression. The different options for surgical treatment, recent advances in each as well as novel methods of imaging of the trigeminal nerve focusing on diffusion tensor imaging/tractography will be discussed.

16. Global Crop-Specific Fertilization Dataset from 1961-2019.

Author

Coello F, Decorte T, Janssens I, Mortier S, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, and Verdonck T

Abstract

As global fertilizer application rates increase, high-quality datasets are paramount for comprehensive analyses to support informed decision-making and policy formulation in crucial areas such as food security or climate change. This study aims to fill existing data gaps by employing two machine learning models, eXtreme Gradient Boosting and HistGradientBoosting algorithms to produce precise country-level predictions of nitrogen (N), phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5 ), and potassium oxide (K 2 O) application rates. Subsequently, we created a comprehensive dataset of 5-arcmin resolution maps depicting the application rates of each fertilizer for 13 major crop groups from 1961 to 2019. The predictions were validated by both comparing with existing databases and by assessing the drivers of fertilizer application rates using the model's SHapley Additive exPlanations. This extensive dataset is poised to be a valuable resource for assessing fertilization trends, identifying the socioeconomic, agricultural, and environmental drivers of fertilizer application rates, and serving as an input for various applications, including environmental modeling, causal analysis, fertilizer price predictions, and forecasting., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

Published
2025
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17. Demographic, Functional, and Risk Factors Characterization in Ecuadorian Mestizo Patients With Microtia: A Retrospective Study.

Author

González-Andrade F, Coello F, López-Pulles R, Fuenmayor G, Andrade E, and Vásconez H

Subjects
Humans, Male, Ecuador epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Female, Child, Risk Factors, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Adult, Prevalence, Young Adult, Infant, Congenital Microtia epidemiology, Congenital Microtia genetics
Abstract

Objective: This paper compares demographic, morphological, functional, and risk factors between isolated and familial forms of microtia in Ecuadorian mestizo patients., Methods: The authors did an epidemiological, and retrospective study with 112 patients divided into isolated microtia (n = 91) and familial microtia (n = 21). Patients with syndromic microtia were not included., Results: In isolated microtia, the mean age was 11.80 ± 16.9, and the most prevalent age group was from 5 to 9 years, with 45.0%; males were 58.2%, and 91.2% of patients were born in a city above 2500 meters about sea level. In familial microtia, the mean age was 15.57 ± 17.2. There were no statistically significant differences between the analyzed variables. In isolated microtia, 41.8% of patients had bilateral involvement, 40.7% had grade 1 microtia in the right ear (RE), and grade 1 in the left ear was 47.3%; external auditory canal atresia of RE was present in 62.6%, and in left ear in 31.6%. External auditory canal atresia sidedness was mostly unilateral in both groups. Most patients did not have tags or pits (78% and 81% in RE and 85.7% and 71.4%). Most patients had moderate hearing loss in both ears., Conclusion: The authors found an association between both microtia forms with external auditory canal atresia in RE; only 20% of patients had unilateral auricular tags or pits in both groups. The authors also found a high incidence (18.75%) of familial microtia, which suggests a distinct pathological genetic component than the more prevalent isolated cases. The authors found a high association of microtia cases from the Ecuadorian highlands above 2500 meters about sea level (over 90%). The presence of "social" intake of alcohol during pregnancy showed over twice the chance of having a child born with microtia., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.)

Published
2024
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18. Social and Psychological Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescents' and Young Adults' Mental Health: A Cross-Cultural Mediation Study.

Author

Schoeps K, Tamarit A, De la Barrera U, Lacomba-Trejo L, Montoya-Castilla I, Del Rosario C, Coello F, Herrera S, Trujillo Á, Riveros Munevar F, and Amador Esparza NA

Subjects
Adolescent, Humans, Female, Young Adult, Child, Adult, Male, Mental Health, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Communicable Disease Control, Anxiety epidemiology, Anxiety psychology, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Stress, Psychological psychology, Depression epidemiology, Depression psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology
Abstract

The ongoing pandemic has dramatically disrupted daily life, increasing the risk of developing psychiatric disorders and poor mental wellbeing. The compound effects of social, political and psychological stressors have increased psychological symptoms among adolescents and young people, with worries about COVID-19 playing a central role in the clinical course of their mental health problems caused by the pandemic. The aim of this cross-cultural study was to examine the social psychological effects of COVID-19 on adolescents' and young people's mental health and wellbeing in Ibero-American population. Participants involved 6,283 adolescents and young adults from five different Spanish-Speaking countries (83.7% female) aged between 12 and 30 years ( M = 18.79; SD = 3.48). Participants completed the Worries about COVID-19 and its Consequences Scale (W-COV), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Descriptive analyses, multivariate ANOVAs and Pearson correlations were performed, as well as Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) testing a mediational model. The results indicate cross-cultural difference in COVID-19 related worries, emotional symptoms and life satisfaction. Results from SEM confirmed the overall indirect effects of COVID-19 cases, political response and participants' conditions during lockdown on depression, anxiety, stress and life satisfaction mediated by COVID-19 related worries. These findings suggest that the social psychological factors underlying psychological symptoms could be partly explained by increased worries about COVID-19 and its personal, social, economic and political consequences, which may offer guidance to policy makers and health services for safeguarding youth mental well-being., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Published
2023
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19. Cross-cultural validation of the Worries about COVID-19 and its consequences Scale (W-COV) in adolescents and young people.

Author

Mónaco E, Schoeps K, Valero-Moreno S, Castro-Calvo J, Montoya-Castilla I, Del Rosario C, Coello F, Herrera S, Trujillo Á, Munevar FR, and Esparza NAA

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety psychology, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Psychometrics methods, Quality of Life psychology, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, COVID-19
Abstract

The pandemic context presents remarkable psychological challenges for adolescents and young adults. The aim of the present work was to construct and study the psychometric properties of a scale in Spanish language (W-COV) to measure their worries related to the pandemic. Participants were 5559 people aged between 14 and 25 years old (M = 19.05; SD = 3.28). Self-report data were collected using a cross-sectional and cross-cultural design. Participants were from 5 Spanish-speaking countries. Instruments were W-COV to assess worries about COVID-19 and its consequences; DASS-21 for anxiety, depression and stress; and SWLS for life satisfaction. Exploratory, confirmatory and multi-group factor analyses were conducted to determine the factorial structure of the W-COV and its measurement invariance (configural, metric, scalar and error variance). Correlational and regression analyses were also performed to study convergent and predictive validity. The results suggest that W-COV presents a bifactorial structure: (1) a general factor of worries about COVID-19; and (2) three different factors: worries about health, economic and psychosocial consequences from COVID-19. The internal reliability indices Cronbach's α and Omega were adequate. With respect to the invariance results, the instrument can be used interchangeably in the five countries considered, in both genders and in two different age groups (12-17 and 18-25). Regarding validity, W-COV factors were positively associated with anxiety, depression and stress, and negatively predicted life satisfaction. In conclusion, W-COV is a reliable and valid instrument for researchers and health care professionals to assess the psychological impact of the pandemic on mental health of young Ibero-Americans., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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20. Early ischaemia after severe head injury. Preliminary results in patients with diffuse brain injuries.

Author

Sahuquillo J, Poca MA, Garnacho A, Robles A, Coello F, Godet C, Triginer C, and Rubio E

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Blood Flow Velocity physiology, Brain Concussion complications, Brain Concussion diagnosis, Brain Concussion mortality, Brain Damage, Chronic diagnosis, Brain Damage, Chronic etiology, Brain Damage, Chronic mortality, Brain Injuries diagnosis, Brain Injuries mortality, Brain Ischemia diagnosis, Brain Ischemia mortality, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glasgow Coma Scale, Head Injuries, Closed diagnosis, Head Injuries, Closed mortality, Humans, Lactates blood, Lactic Acid, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen blood, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage diagnosis, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage etiology, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage mortality, Survival Rate, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Wounds, Gunshot complications, Wounds, Gunshot diagnosis, Wounds, Gunshot mortality, Wounds, Penetrating diagnosis, Wounds, Penetrating mortality, Brain blood supply, Brain Injuries complications, Brain Ischemia etiology, Head Injuries, Closed complications, Wounds, Penetrating complications
Abstract

Ischaemic brain lesions still have a high prevalence in fatally head injured patients and are the single most important cause of secondary brain damage. The present study was undertaken to explore the acute phase of severely head injured patients in order to detect early ischaemia using Robertson's approach of estimating cerebral blood flow (CBF) from calculated arterio-jugular differences of oxygen (AVDO2), lactates (AVDL), and the lactate-oxygen index (LOI). Twenty-eight cases with severe head injury were included (Glasgow Coma Scale Score below or equal to 8). All patients but one had a non-missile head injury. All the patients had a diffuse brain injury according to the admission CT scan. ICP measured at the time of admission was below 20 mmHg in 17 cases (61%). All patients were evaluated with the ischaemia score (IS) devised in our center to evaluate risk factors for developing ischaemia. Mean time from injury to the first AVDO2/AVDL study was 23.9 +/- 9.9 hours. According to Robertson's criteria, 13 patients (46%) had a calculated LOI (-AVDL/AVDO2) value above or equal to 0.08 and therefore an ischaemia/infarction pattern in the first 24 hours after the accident. Of the 15 patients without the ischaemia/infarction pattern, in three cases the CBF was below the metabolic demands and therefore in a situation of compensated hypoperfusion. No patient in our series had hyperaemia. Comparing different variables in ischaemic and non-ischaemic patients, only arterial haemoglobin and ischaemia score (IS) was significantly different in both groups. The ischaemia score had mean of 4.3 +/- 1.7 in the ischaemic group and 2.7 +/- 1.4 in non-ischaemic patients (p = 0.01). It is concluded that ischaemia is highly prevalent in the early period after severe head injury. Factors potentially responsible of early ischaemia are discussed.

Published
1993
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21. [Hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage].

Author

Prim Capdevila J, Campillo Valero D, and Coello Gómez F

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts, Drainage, Female, Heart Atria, Humans, Hydrocephalus pathology, Hydrocephalus therapy, Intracranial Aneurysm complications, Male, Middle Aged, Peritoneum, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage etiology, Hydrocephalus etiology, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage complications
Abstract

Fifty patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were evaluated, with attention to past history, age, sex, time from the onset of symptoms to hospital admission, etiology of SAH, diagnostic procedures, therapy and outcome. Of these, 16 who showed ventricular dilatation in the CT during their evolution were analyzed. We emphasize the importance of the neurologic evolution of the patient for the consideration of the need of surgical therapy with external drainage of cerebrospinal fluid or definitive shunt. Ten patients required definitive shunt; in 7 of them, SAH had been caused by arterial aneurysm. All had a grade higher than 3 in Hunt and Hess' scale and only one half received fibrinolytic drugs during their treatment.

Published
1990

23. [Obstetric prevention and infant subnormality].

Author

Coello Higueras F

Subjects
Female, Humans, Labor Presentation, Methods, Pregnancy, Birth Injuries prevention & control, Brain Damage, Chronic prevention & control, Delivery, Obstetric, Intellectual Disability prevention & control
Published
1974

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