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Summary A new genus of the family Trichomycteridae, Bullockia, and a new species of Trichomycterus are described. Bullockia gen. nov. is a monospecific and relict genus in the freshwaters of Chile. Trichomycterus mendozensis n. sp. is a freshwater relict from Argentina. Preliminary diagnoses of the subfamilies Pygidiinae and Nematogenyinae and the genera Trichomycterus, Hatcheria and Nematogenys are given.

Habitat Preferences of Siluriform Fishes of Chilean Continental Waters (Fam. Diplomystidae and Trichomycteridae) The habitat of the following species of Chilean freshwater siluriform fishes is studied: Diplomystes chilensis, Nematogenys inermis, Trichomycterus areolatus, Tr. chiltoni and Bullockia maldonadoi. N. inermis inhabits the potamonal region of rivers and streams (as the adults of D. chilensis) while Trichomycterus and Bullockia inhabit the rhitronal region which is also occupied by young specimens of D. chilensis. These fishes occupy different habitats during their development in these regions; largest differences exist between the adults: Diplomystes and Nematogenys prefer the deep zone of the Potamon of rivers and streams, while trichomycterids prefer the dead water space in the benthonic part of Rhitron of rivers and streams. Diplomystes is a benthonic form of fast‐running water, while Nematogenys lives in slow‐running water. The spatial distribution of these fishes is discontinuous i...

Trichomycterus chungaraensis n. sp. and Trichomycterus laucaensis n. sp. are described. These new species are from isolated environment 4,300 m above sea level in the high Andes of the north of Chile. Some new characters of Trichomycterus rivulatus Valenciennes from Titicaca Lake and Lauca River are given.