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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two absorbable hemostatic agents, oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) and gelatin sponge, on wound healing in a rat model of penile fracture. Materials and methods: A total of 32 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Control (C), Primary Suturing (PS), ORC, and Gelatin Sponge (GS). A penile fracture model was created in all rats, and wound healing was assessed histopathologically after two weeks. Key parameters assessed included primary healing, fibrosis, inflammation, and cavernous tissue healing. Results: The ORC group showed significantly higher primary healing rates (100%) compared to the other groups (p < 0.01). Fibrosis was more common in the GS group (87.5%), whereas no fibrosis was observed in the ORC group (p < 0.01). In terms of cavernous tissue healing, the group treated with the ORC absorbable hemostatic agent demonstrated significantly higher healing rates compared to the control group (p = 0.000). No significant differences were observed between groups regarding inflammation. Conclusion: ORC absorbable hemostatic agents significantly promote primary wound healing and reduce fibrosis in an experimental penile fracture model, whereas the gelatin sponge was associated with increased fibrosis and did not improve healing. These findings suggest that ORC may have potential clinical applications in penile fracture repair. Further clinical studies are necessary to validate these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to develop a novel artificial intelligencebased pre-diagnosis system for classifying cystic renal masses (CRM) according to the Bosniak classification. The objective is to distinguish between the five diagnostic stages of the Bosniak classification using traditional machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. Material and Method: A total of 20 contrast-enhanced CT images were collected for each of the five Bosniak stages (I, II, IIF, III, IV), verified by a uro-oncologist and radiologist. Additional image variations were generated using the Keras image processing library during the data augmentation phase, resulting in 600 images per stage. This process included operations such as brightness and contrast modification, image rotation, noise addition, and flipping. These augmented images were then used to train both ML and DL models. The k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) algorithm was applied for the ML approach, while modified Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and VGG-16 models were used for the DL approach. Model performances were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and area under the curve (AUC) metrics. Results: The kNN algorithm accurately classified the Bosniak stages with an AUC of 0.854. The VGG-16 model demonstrated superior performance, with an AUC of 0.978, achieving higher classification accuracy than the kNN model. Conclusion: The computerized Bosniak classification system based on CT images effectively differentiates between the five Bosniak stages. This system, utilizing both ML and DL models, has the potential to enhance the pre-diagnosis of CRM in clinical settings and can also effectively exclude other types of renal masses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the dietary content and evaluate the possible related risk factors in patients with calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones Material and Method: A total of 2348 patients with CaOx stone disease and 1024 cases with no signs of stone disease were evaluated concerning the possible dietary content-related risk factors for stone formation. A well-prepared comprehensive questionnaire focused on the diet-related risk factors including fluid intake, sodium, animal protein, black tea, fruit juice, coffee, and vegetables was utilized. Urinary risk factors have been identified and additionally, the patient-related factors and possible effects of physical exercise, and smoking were also well evaluated. Results: Evaluation of our findings demonstrated that 46.2% of study group cases consumed water less than 1 liter per day; black tea consumption was also found to be higher (28.9% consuming black tea >451 cc/day) in cases with CaOx stones. Similarly, consumption of daily coffee, protein, salt, and dairy products was higher in these cases than in the control group. Also, daily physical activity amounts were lower in this group of patients. Lastly, urinary stone-forming risk factors were common in patients with CaOx stone disease. Conclusion: When comparing calcium-containing stones to others, our findings revealed that high salt, black tea, and animal protein consumption were the main stone-forming risk factors. These patients had higher levels of urinary risk factors than the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Determination of the effect of neo-adjuvant docetaxel chemotherapy combined with radical prostatectomy (RP) on surgical outcome and survival. Material and Method: The data of 132 non-metastatic prostate cancer (PC) patients, considered high-risk according to the D'Amico Risk Stratification System and who underwent radical prostatectomy, among those who applied to the Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Urology Clinic between August 1987 and August 2017, were retrospectively evaluated. Data from 28 patients selected via pair matching from the group operated without chemotherapy and 14 patients identified to have received neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) preoperatively were compared regarding biochemical recurrence, survival, surgical outcomes, and some additional variables. Results: The findings of our study revealed that, while NADC is usually tolerated well by patients and can be administered without severe side effects, it has no statistically significant advantage on PSA values (p=0.145), Gleason scores, and pathologic stages (p=0.273, p=0.109), biochemical recurrence risk (p=0.040) and overall survival (p=0.527). It did not affect surgical complication rates, may have benefitted malignant involvement of lymph nodes, and prolonged biochemical relapse-free survival time. Conclusion: In high-risk PC patients, the ineffectiveness of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy in combination with RP suggests the presence of castration-resistant cell clones that exist at the time of the diagnosis and brings up treatment options that could be effective on castration-resistant clones as systemic treatments. As a neo-adjuvant treatment, combining docetaxel chemotherapy with RP can be beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This present study aimed to investigate the possible effect of the opacity status of kidney stones on the success and complication rates observed during and after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Material and Method: This study analyzed the data of 642 kidney stone cases who underwent flexible ureteroscopy between February 2014 and April 2022. In all patients, non-contrast computed tomography and kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) radiography were performed preoperatively to evaluate the anatomy of the collecting system and the structure of the kidney stone. The patients were divided into two groups as opaque and non-opaque according to the opacity evaluation based on the preoperative KUB image. While 359 patients had radiopaque stones, 283 patients had non-opaque stones. Both groups were compared in terms of certain preoperative data, postoperative outcomes, and complications. Results: Cases with non-opaque stones were ahead of the other group in terms of the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) score, diagnosed diabetes mellitus, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and body mass index. In the third postoperative month, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of stone-free status (72.1% vs 75.3%, p=0.212). Postoperative infective complications and hospital stays were comparable across the two groups, despite the non-opaque stone group being substantially older and farther along in terms of comorbidities. Conclusion: This study’s results showed that RIRS could be applied with successful outcomes regardless of the opacity status of renal stones [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Yeni Üroloji Dergisi is the property of Ali Ihsan Tasci and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences / Kafkas Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, Kafkas Tip Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is an effective treatment of urinary and bowel dysfunction, including secondary to neurological disorders. The learning curve for the optimal electrode placement for SNM is steep, expensive, and limited by patient factors such as obesity and previous injuries. We aim to create a patient specific 3‐dimensional (3D) model for successful SNM training. Materials and Methods: A total of 26 urology residents who had different level of knowledge and experience were enrolled to the 3D SNM training program. The creation of 3D sacrum model has been started with evaluation of real patient computerized tomography images and creation of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine files. The segmented anatomic structures from the files then edited and stereolithographic files were generated for 3D‐model prints via Mimics© software. The 3D‐printed models were used for training and evaluation of participants during the SNM intervention was performed. The evaluation of 3D SNM model training was led by one mentor who is expert on SNM. Results: On the preprinted 3D sacrum model all 26 participants were requested to perform the essential steps to complete a SNM procedure and individual procedure time was recorded. The mean and median scores were 18.8 and 19, respectively according to Likert scores (min 11 max 28). Conclusions: SNM is increasing in popularity as a treatment option with physicians and patients with refractory symptoms. Few experienced specialists exist, and more effective training methods are needed to tackle the increasing demand, and individual patient anatomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new scientific developments and technological opportunities that have led to significant changes all build up the digital era. In medicine, the use of new technologies in patient diagnosis and treatment processes has opened new horizons for physicians and patients. As considering for the medical training, 3-dimensional modeling opportunities, virtual reality, augmented reality, and various simulators offered by the new technologies of the digital era have become a new hope. The 3-dimensional scanning and modeling, 3-dimensional medical printing, virtual reality technologies applications and simulators in urology are very recent and valuable. Besides, the exoscope-assisted 3-dimensional open surgery provides high-resolution 3-dimensional images to surgeons with high comfort as compared with old-fashioned operating microscopes. New modalities that tried to be integrated in robotic surgery are 3-dimensional reconstruction, usage of indocyanine green, augmented reality, contrast ultrasound, haptic feedback, and availability of single port. Some new companies announced their new robotic systems in the market. The use of these new technological applications during medical training, especially at the beginning of the education curve for various surgical interventions, may be beneficial in terms of reducing possible complications that may be encountered due to inexperience at the beginning of the education process and increasing patient safety. Urology will also stay at the futuristic approach in medicine, while 3-dimensional technologies used more widely in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Duplication of vas deferens is a very rare anomaly which two vasa deferentia are found in the spermatic cord. It can be recognised during autopsy or cadaveric dissection and also several surgical procedures which require spermatic cord dissection including inguinal hernia repair, orchiopexy, vasectomy, varicocelectomy, vasectomy reversal and radical prostatectomy. Recognition of the duplicated vas deferens is important to avoid surgical complications such as an unsuccessful vasectomy or transection of the vas. It was reported in only three cadavers and 31 patients since 1959. In this study, we describe a new case of duplicated vas deferens found incidentally during routine inguinal hernia repair in a 66‐year‐old patient. We also review all previously reported cases in the literature to draw attention to this rare but important anomaly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]