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1. Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author: Bethlehem, RAI, Seidlitz, J, White, SR, Vogel, JW, Anderson, KM, Adamson, C, Adler, S, Alexopoulos, GS, Anagnostou, E, Areces-Gonzalez, A, Astle, DE, Auyeung, B, Ayub, M, Bae, J, Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, S, Beare, R, Bedford, SA, Benegal, V, Beyer, F, Blangero, J, Blesa Cábez, M, Boardman, JP, Borzage, M, Bosch-Bayard, JF, Bourke, N, Calhoun, VD, Chakravarty, MM, Chen, C, Chertavian, C, Chetelat, G, Chong, YS, Cole, JH, Corvin, A, Costantino, M, Courchesne, E, Crivello, F, Cropley, VL, Crosbie, J, Crossley, N, Delarue, M, Delorme, R, Desrivieres, S, Devenyi, GA, Di Biase, MA, Dolan, R, Donald, KA, Donohoe, G, Dunlop, K, Edwards, AD, Elison, JT, Ellis, CT, Elman, JA, Eyler, L, Fair, DA, Feczko, E, Fletcher, PC, Fonagy, P, Franz, CE, Galan-Garcia, L, Gholipour, A, Giedd, J, Gilmore, JH, Glahn, DC, Goodyer, IM, Grant, PE, Groenewold, NA, Gunning, FM, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Hammill, CF, Hansson, O, Hedden, T, Heinz, A, Henson, RN, Heuer, K, Hoare, J, Holla, B, Holmes, AJ, Holt, R, Huang, H, Im, K, Ipser, J, Jack, CR, Jackowski, AP, Jia, T, Johnson, KA, Jones, PB, Jones, DT, Kahn, RS, Karlsson, H, Karlsson, L, Kawashima, R, Kelley, EA, Kern, S, Kim, KW, Kitzbichler, MG, Kremen, WS, Lalonde, F, and Landeau, B
Subjects: Biological Psychology, Psychology, Aging, Clinical Research, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Biomedical Imaging, Neurological, Mental health, Body Height, Brain, Humans, Longevity, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroimaging, 3R-BRAIN, AIBL, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Alzheimer’s Disease Repository Without Borders Investigators, CALM Team, Cam-CAN, CCNP, COBRE, cVEDA, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age Working Group, Developing Human Connectome Project, FinnBrain, Harvard Aging Brain Study, IMAGEN, KNE96, Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, NSPN, POND, PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, General Science & Technology
Abstract: Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.
Published: 2022

2. Publisher Correction: Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author: Bethlehem, R. A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, J. W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-Gonzalez, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, B., Ayub, M., Bae, J., Ball, G., Baron-Cohen, S., Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, F., Blangero, J., Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, A., Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, F., Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, S., Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, G., Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galan-Garcia, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, D. C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, N. A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, O., Hedden, T., Heinz, A., Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, A. J., Holt, R., Huang, H., Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, Jr, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, D. T., Kahn, R. S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, S., Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, M. V., Lv, J., Lynch, C., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, M., Markello, R. D., Mathias, S. R., Mazoyer, B., McGuire, P., Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, A., Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, D., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, R., Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, C., Park, M. M., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Paz-Linares, D., Pichet Binette, A., Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, J., Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero-Garcia, R., Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, T. D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, G., Schöll, M., Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, I., Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, D. J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, J., Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, R., Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, S. L., van Amelsvoort, T., Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, A., Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, E., Westwater, M. L., Whalley, H. C., Witte, A. V., Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, A., Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., and Alexander-Bloch, A. F.
Published: 2022
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3. Heritable influences on amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex contribute to genetic variation in core dimensions of personality

Author: Lewis, GJ, Panizzon, MS, Eyler, L, Fennema-Notestine, C, Chen, C-H, Neale, MC, Jernigan, TL, Lyons, MJ, Dale, AM, Kremen, WS, and Franz, CE
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Neurosciences, Genetics, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Mental health, Amygdala, Female, Frontal Lobe, Genetic Variation, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Organ Size, Personality, Phenotype, MPQ, MRI, Orbitofrontal cortex, Twins, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract: While many studies have reported that individual differences in personality traits are genetically influenced, the neurobiological bases mediating these influences have not yet been well characterized. To advance understanding concerning the pathway from genetic variation to personality, here we examined whether measures of heritable variation in neuroanatomical size in candidate regions (amygdala and medial orbitofrontal cortex) were associated with heritable effects on personality. A sample of 486 middle-aged (mean=55 years) male twins (complete MZ pairs=120; complete DZ pairs=84) underwent structural brain scans and also completed measures of two core domains of personality: positive and negative emotionality. After adjusting for estimated intracranial volume, significant phenotypic (r(p)) and genetic (r(g)) correlations were observed between left amygdala volume and positive emotionality (r(p)=.16, p
Published: 2014

4. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of cortical asymmetry in bipolar disorder

Author: Caligiuri, Michael P, Brown, G G, Meloy, M J, Eyler, L T, Kindermann, S S, Eberson, S, Frank, L R, and Lohr, J B
Subjects: bipolar disorder, fMRI, laterality, mood stabilizers, reaction time, supplementary motor area
Abstract: Objectives: Individuals with bipolar disorder (BPD) exhibit motor, perceptual, and cognitive disturbances involving predominantly right hemisphere dysfunction. This asymmetry has been used to advance the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder may be related to disturbances of the right cerebral hemisphere. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine hemispheric asymmetries in manic and depressed BPD. A secondary goal of the Study was to examine effects of psychotropic medications on blood Volume changes in the motor cortices. Methods: We studied 18 right-handed BPD and 13 right-handed normal healthy comparison subjects. Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) responses in the primary motor area (M1) and Supplementary motor area (SMA) of both hemispheres were elicited during reaction time (RT) tasks. Results: Healthy subjects activated the SMA in a reciprocal fashion with significantly greater activity in the left SMA for right hand trials and the right SMA for left hand trials. Depressed BPD subjects failed to show this normal reciprocity indicating a failure to Suppress unwanted activity in the ipsilateral right SMA, whereas manic BPD subjects failed to suppress unwanted ipsilateral SMA activity in both hemispheres. Manic and depressed BPD subjects exhibited greater activity in the left primary motor area suggesting increased cortical excitability. BPD subjects treated with antipsychotics or mood-stabilizing medications exhibited longer RTs, lower BOLD responses in M1 and SMA, and a loss of normal hemispheric asymmetry in the SMA than untreated subjects. Conclusions: The presence of a right hemisphere disturbance in BPD is consistent with the hypothesis that the right hemisphere may be dominant in mood regulation. The presence of both left and right hemisphere disturbances in mania may explain the coexisting psychotic and affective symptoms observed in this condition.
Published: 2004

5. Altered proliferation and networks in neural cells derived from idiopathic autistic individuals

Author: Marchetto, M C, Belinson, H, Tian, Y, Freitas, B C, Fu, C, Vadodaria, K C, Beltrao-Braga, P C, Trujillo, C A, Mendes, A P D, Padmanabhan, K, Nunez, Y, Ou, J, Ghosh, H, Wright, R, Brennand, K J, Pierce, K, Eichenfield, L, Pramparo, T, Eyler, L T, Barnes, C C, Courchesne, E, Geschwind, D H, Gage, F H, Wynshaw-Boris, A, and Muotri, A R
Published: 2017
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6. P.121 Dnm2 reduction combined with dystrophin re-expression ameliorates the myopathic phenotype observed in the D2-mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Author: Menuet, A., primary, Buono, S., additional, Robé, A., additional, Chhor, S., additional, Eyler, L., additional, Becker, J., additional, Colombo, S., additional, and Cowling, B., additional
Published: 2022
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7. Predictors of Functional Impairment in Bipolar Disorder: Results from 13 Cohorts from Seven Countries by The Global Bipolar Cohort Collaborative

Author: Burdick, KE, Millett, CE, Yocum, AK, Altimus, CM, Andreassen, OA, Aubin, V, Belzeaux, R, Berk, Michael, Biernacka, JM, Blumberg, HP, Cleare, AJ, Diaz‐Byrd, C, Dubertret, C, Etain, B, Eyler, L, Forester, BP, Fullerton, JM, Frye, MA, Gard, S, Godin, O, Haffen, E, Klaus, F, Lagerberg, TV, Leboyer, M, Martinez‐Aran, A, McElroy, S, Mitchell, PB, Olie, E, Olorunfemi, P, Passerieux, C, Peters, A, Pham, DL, Polosan, M, Potter, JR, Sajatovic, M, Samalin, L, Schwan, R, Shanahan, M, Solé, B, Strawbridge, R, Stuart, Amanda, Torres, I, Ueland, T, Vieta, E, Williams, Lana, Wrobel, Anna, Yatham, LN, Young, AH, Nierenberg, A, McInnis, MG, Burdick, KE, Millett, CE, Yocum, AK, Altimus, CM, Andreassen, OA, Aubin, V, Belzeaux, R, Berk, Michael, Biernacka, JM, Blumberg, HP, Cleare, AJ, Diaz‐Byrd, C, Dubertret, C, Etain, B, Eyler, L, Forester, BP, Fullerton, JM, Frye, MA, Gard, S, Godin, O, Haffen, E, Klaus, F, Lagerberg, TV, Leboyer, M, Martinez‐Aran, A, McElroy, S, Mitchell, PB, Olie, E, Olorunfemi, P, Passerieux, C, Peters, A, Pham, DL, Polosan, M, Potter, JR, Sajatovic, M, Samalin, L, Schwan, R, Shanahan, M, Solé, B, Strawbridge, R, Stuart, Amanda, Torres, I, Ueland, T, Vieta, E, Williams, Lana, Wrobel, Anna, Yatham, LN, Young, AH, Nierenberg, A, and McInnis, MG
Published: 2022

8. Brain charts for the human lifespan (vol 604, pg 525, 2022)

Author: Bethlehem, RAI, Seidlitz, J, White, SR, Vogel, JW, Anderson, KM, Adamson, C, Adler, S, Alexopoulos, GS, Anagnostou, E, Areces-Gonzalez, A, Astle, DE, Auyeung, B, Ayub, M, Bae, J, Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, S, Beare, R, Bedford, SA, Benegal, V, Beyer, F, Blangero, J, Blesa Cabez, M, Boardman, JP, Borzage, M, Bosch-Bayard, JF, Bourke, N, Calhoun, VD, Chakravarty, MM, Chen, C, Chertavian, C, Chetelat, G, Chong, YS, Cole, JH, Corvin, A, Costantino, M, Courchesne, E, Crivello, F, Cropley, VL, Crosbie, J, Crossley, N, Delarue, M, Delorme, R, Desrivieres, S, Devenyi, GA, Di Biase, MA, Dolan, R, Donald, KA, Donohoe, G, Dunlop, K, Edwards, AD, Elison, JT, Ellis, CT, Elman, JA, Eyler, L, Fair, DA, Feczko, E, Fletcher, PC, Fonagy, P, Franz, CE, Galan-Garcia, L, Gholipour, A, Giedd, J, Gilmore, JH, Glahn, DC, Goodyer, IM, Grant, PE, Groenewold, NA, Gunning, FM, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Hammill, CF, Hansson, O, Hedden, T, Heinz, A, Henson, RN, Heuer, K, Hoare, J, Holla, B, Holmes, AJ, Holt, R, Huang, H, Im, K, Ipser, J, Jack, CR, Jackowski, AP, Jia, T, Johnson, KA, Jones, PB, Jones, DT, Kahn, RS, Karlsson, H, Karlsson, L, Kawashima, R, Kelley, EA, Kern, S, Kim, KW, Kitzbichler, MG, Kremen, WS, Lalonde, F, Landeau, B, Lee, S, Lerch, J, Lewis, JD, Li, J, Liao, W, Liston, C, Lombardo, MV, Lv, J, Lynch, C, Mallard, TT, Marcelis, M, Markello, RD, Mathias, SR, Mazoyer, B, McGuire, P, Meaney, MJ, Mechelli, A, Medic, N, Misic, B, Morgan, SE, Mothersill, D, Nigg, J, Ong, MQW, Ortinau, C, Ossenkoppele, R, Ouyang, M, Palaniyappan, L, Paly, L, Pan, PM, Pantelis, C, Park, MM, Paus, T, Pausova, Z, Paz-Linares, D, Pichet Binette, A, Pierce, K, Qian, X, Qiu, J, Qiu, A, Raznahan, A, Rittman, T, Rodrigue, A, Rollins, CK, Romero-Garcia, R, Ronan, L, Rosenberg, MD, Rowitch, DH, Salum, GA, Satterthwaite, TD, Schaare, HL, Schachar, RJ, Schultz, AP, Schumann, G, Scholl, M, Sharp, D, Shinohara, RT, Skoog, I, Smyser, CD, Sperling, RA, Stein, DJ, Stolicyn, A, Suckling, J, Sullivan, G, Taki, Y, Thyreau, B, Toro, R, Traut, N, Tsvetanov, KA, Turk-Browne, NB, Tuulari, JJ, Tzourio, C, Vachon-Presseau, E, Valdes-Sosa, MJ, Valdes-Sosa, PA, Valk, SL, van Amelsvoort, T, Vandekar, SN, Vasung, L, Victoria, LW, Villeneuve, S, Villringer, A, Vertes, PE, Wagstyl, K, Wang, YS, Warfield, SK, Warrier, V, Westman, E, Westwater, ML, Whalley, HC, Witte, AV, Yang, N, Yeo, B, Yun, H, Zalesky, A, Zar, HJ, Zettergren, A, Zhou, JH, Ziauddeen, H, Zugman, A, Zuo, XN, Bullmore, ET, Alexander-Bloch, AF, Bethlehem, RAI, Seidlitz, J, White, SR, Vogel, JW, Anderson, KM, Adamson, C, Adler, S, Alexopoulos, GS, Anagnostou, E, Areces-Gonzalez, A, Astle, DE, Auyeung, B, Ayub, M, Bae, J, Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, S, Beare, R, Bedford, SA, Benegal, V, Beyer, F, Blangero, J, Blesa Cabez, M, Boardman, JP, Borzage, M, Bosch-Bayard, JF, Bourke, N, Calhoun, VD, Chakravarty, MM, Chen, C, Chertavian, C, Chetelat, G, Chong, YS, Cole, JH, Corvin, A, Costantino, M, Courchesne, E, Crivello, F, Cropley, VL, Crosbie, J, Crossley, N, Delarue, M, Delorme, R, Desrivieres, S, Devenyi, GA, Di Biase, MA, Dolan, R, Donald, KA, Donohoe, G, Dunlop, K, Edwards, AD, Elison, JT, Ellis, CT, Elman, JA, Eyler, L, Fair, DA, Feczko, E, Fletcher, PC, Fonagy, P, Franz, CE, Galan-Garcia, L, Gholipour, A, Giedd, J, Gilmore, JH, Glahn, DC, Goodyer, IM, Grant, PE, Groenewold, NA, Gunning, FM, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Hammill, CF, Hansson, O, Hedden, T, Heinz, A, Henson, RN, Heuer, K, Hoare, J, Holla, B, Holmes, AJ, Holt, R, Huang, H, Im, K, Ipser, J, Jack, CR, Jackowski, AP, Jia, T, Johnson, KA, Jones, PB, Jones, DT, Kahn, RS, Karlsson, H, Karlsson, L, Kawashima, R, Kelley, EA, Kern, S, Kim, KW, Kitzbichler, MG, Kremen, WS, Lalonde, F, Landeau, B, Lee, S, Lerch, J, Lewis, JD, Li, J, Liao, W, Liston, C, Lombardo, MV, Lv, J, Lynch, C, Mallard, TT, Marcelis, M, Markello, RD, Mathias, SR, Mazoyer, B, McGuire, P, Meaney, MJ, Mechelli, A, Medic, N, Misic, B, Morgan, SE, Mothersill, D, Nigg, J, Ong, MQW, Ortinau, C, Ossenkoppele, R, Ouyang, M, Palaniyappan, L, Paly, L, Pan, PM, Pantelis, C, Park, MM, Paus, T, Pausova, Z, Paz-Linares, D, Pichet Binette, A, Pierce, K, Qian, X, Qiu, J, Qiu, A, Raznahan, A, Rittman, T, Rodrigue, A, Rollins, CK, Romero-Garcia, R, Ronan, L, Rosenberg, MD, Rowitch, DH, Salum, GA, Satterthwaite, TD, Schaare, HL, Schachar, RJ, Schultz, AP, Schumann, G, Scholl, M, Sharp, D, Shinohara, RT, Skoog, I, Smyser, CD, Sperling, RA, Stein, DJ, Stolicyn, A, Suckling, J, Sullivan, G, Taki, Y, Thyreau, B, Toro, R, Traut, N, Tsvetanov, KA, Turk-Browne, NB, Tuulari, JJ, Tzourio, C, Vachon-Presseau, E, Valdes-Sosa, MJ, Valdes-Sosa, PA, Valk, SL, van Amelsvoort, T, Vandekar, SN, Vasung, L, Victoria, LW, Villeneuve, S, Villringer, A, Vertes, PE, Wagstyl, K, Wang, YS, Warfield, SK, Warrier, V, Westman, E, Westwater, ML, Whalley, HC, Witte, AV, Yang, N, Yeo, B, Yun, H, Zalesky, A, Zar, HJ, Zettergren, A, Zhou, JH, Ziauddeen, H, Zugman, A, Zuo, XN, Bullmore, ET, and Alexander-Bloch, AF
Published: 2022

9. Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author: British Academy, Autism Research Trust, National Institute of Mental Health (US), UK Research and Innovation, Medical Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Wellcome Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Bethlehem, Richard A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, Jacob W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-González, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, Bonnie, Ayub, Muhammad, Bae, J., Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, Frauke, Blangero, John, Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, Aiden, Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, Fabrice, Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, Sylvane, Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, Gary, Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galán-García, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, David C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, Nynke A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, Rachel E., Gur, Ruben C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, Oskar, Hedden, T., Heinz, Andreas, Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, Avram J., Holt, Rosemary, Huang, Hailiang, Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, David T. W., Kahn, René S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, Silke, Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, Michael, V., Lv, J., Lynch, Christopher D., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, Machteld, Markello, R. D., Mathias, Samuel R., Mazoyer, Bernard, McGuire, Philip, Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, Andrea, Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, David O., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, Rik, Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, Christos, Park, M. M., Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Paz-Linares, D., Pichler, Alexander, Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, Jing, Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero García, Rafael, Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, Gunter, Schöll, Michael, Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, Ingmar, Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, Dan J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, John, Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, Raquel del, Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, Sofie L., van Amelsvoort, Therese, Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, Arno, Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, Eric, Westwater, M. L., Whalley, Heather, Witte, A. Veronica, Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, Anna, Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., Alexander-Bloch, A. F., British Academy, Autism Research Trust, National Institute of Mental Health (US), UK Research and Innovation, Medical Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Wellcome Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Bethlehem, Richard A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, Jacob W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-González, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, Bonnie, Ayub, Muhammad, Bae, J., Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, Frauke, Blangero, John, Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, Aiden, Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, Fabrice, Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, Sylvane, Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, Gary, Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galán-García, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, David C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, Nynke A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, Rachel E., Gur, Ruben C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, Oskar, Hedden, T., Heinz, Andreas, Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, Avram J., Holt, Rosemary, Huang, Hailiang, Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, David T. W., Kahn, René S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, Silke, Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, Michael, V., Lv, J., Lynch, Christopher D., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, Machteld, Markello, R. D., Mathias, Samuel R., Mazoyer, Bernard, McGuire, Philip, Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, Andrea, Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, David O., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, Rik, Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, Christos, Park, M. M., Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Paz-Linares, D., Pichler, Alexander, Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, Jing, Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero García, Rafael, Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, Gunter, Schöll, Michael, Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, Ingmar, Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, Dan J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, John, Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, Raquel del, Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, Sofie L., van Amelsvoort, Therese, Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, Arno, Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, Eric, Westwater, M. L., Whalley, Heather, Witte, A. Veronica, Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, Anna, Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., and Alexander-Bloch, A. F.
Abstract: Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.
Published: 2022

10. Concurrent antiepileptic and antipsychotic use moderates lithium’s effects on regional brain volumes: a mega-analysis from the ENIGMA-Bipolar Disorder Working Group

Author: King, S., Tronchin, G., Nabulsi, L., Thomopoulos, S.I., Fontana, E., Radua, J., Sim, K., Gruber, O., Yatham, L., Dannlowski, U., Kircher, T., Nenadic, I., Stein, F., Brosch, K., Howells, F., Haarman, B.C.M., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Vieta, E., Landen, M., Cannon, D., Alnæs, D., Westlye, L.T., Jaramillo, C. López, Soeiro-de-Souza, M. Gerhardt, Berk, M., Elvsåshagen, T., Roberts, G., Mitchell, P.B., Fullerton, J.M., Green, M.J., Quidé, Y., Hermesdorf, M., Berger, K., Soares, J., Satterthwaite, T., Savitz, J., Benedetti, F., Glahn, D., Hajek, T., Kuplicki, R., Gotlib, I.H., Amoretti, S., Sacchet, M., Favre, P., Van Rheenen, T., Karantonis, J. Anthony, Furlong, L., Forte, F., Rossell, S., Goldstein, B., Kennedy, K., Canales-Rodriguez, E., Lahud, E., Mwangi, B., Rodriguez-Cano, E., Salvador, R., Wu, M.-J., Houenou, J., Rodrigue, A., Melloni, E.M.T., Sponheim, S., Urosevic, S., Demro, C., Goya-Maldonado, R., Eyler, L., Thompson, P.M., Andreassan, O.A., Ching, C.R.K., and McDonald, C.
Published: 2022
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11. Meta-analysis of cognitive performance in older adults with bipolar disorders

Author: Montejo, L., Torrent, C., Jimenez, E., Martinez-Aran, A., Bonnin, C. D. M., Vieta, E., Blumberg, H. P., Burdick, K. E., Chen, P., Dols, A., Eyler, L. T., Forester, B. P., Gatchel, J. R., Gildengers, A., Kessing, L. V., Miskowiak, K., Olagunju, A. T., Patrick, R. E., Schouws, S., Radua, J., Neurology, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, and APH - Mental Health
Published: 2021

12. Heritable influences on amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex contribute to genetic variation in core dimensions of personality

Author: Lewis, G. J., Panizzon, M. S., Eyler, L., Fennema-Notestine, C., Chen, - H. C., Neale, M. C., Jernigan, T. L., Lyons, M. J., Dale, A. M., Kremen, W. S., and Franz, C. E.
Published: 2014
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13. Correction: Widespread white matter microstructural abnormalities in bipolar disorder: evidence from mega- and meta-analyses across 3033 individuals (Neuropsychopharmacology, (2019), 44, 13, (2285-2293), 10.1038/s41386-019-0485-6)

Author: Favre P., Pauling M., Stout J., Hozer F., Sarrazin S., Abe C., Alda M., Alloza C., Alonso-Lana S., Andreassen O. A., Baune B. T., Benedetti F., Busatto G. F., Canales-Rodriguez E. J., Caseras X., Chaim-Avancini T. M., Ching C. R. K., Dannlowski U., Deppe M., Eyler L. T., Fatjo-Vilas M., Foley S. F., Grotegerd D., Hajek T., Haukvik U. K., Howells F. M., Jahanshad N., Kugel H., Lagerberg T. V., Lawrie S. M., Linke J. O., McIntosh A., Melloni E. M. T., Mitchell P. B., Polosan M., Pomarol-Clotet E., Repple J., Roberts G., Roos A., Rosa P. G. P., Salvador R., Sarro S., Schofield P. R., Serpa M. H., Sim K., Stein D. J., Sussmann J. E., Temmingh H. S., Thompson P. M., Verdolini N., Vieta E., Wessa M., Whalley H. C., Zanetti M. V., Leboyer M., Mangin J. -F., Henry C., Duchesnay E., Houenou J., Favre, P., Pauling, M., Stout, J., Hozer, F., Sarrazin, S., Abe, C., Alda, M., Alloza, C., Alonso-Lana, S., Andreassen, O. A., Baune, B. T., Benedetti, F., Busatto, G. F., Canales-Rodriguez, E. J., Caseras, X., Chaim-Avancini, T. M., Ching, C. R. K., Dannlowski, U., Deppe, M., Eyler, L. T., Fatjo-Vilas, M., Foley, S. F., Grotegerd, D., Hajek, T., Haukvik, U. K., Howells, F. M., Jahanshad, N., Kugel, H., Lagerberg, T. V., Lawrie, S. M., Linke, J. O., Mcintosh, A., Melloni, E. M. T., Mitchell, P. B., Polosan, M., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Repple, J., Roberts, G., Roos, A., Rosa, P. G. P., Salvador, R., Sarro, S., Schofield, P. R., Serpa, M. H., Sim, K., Stein, D. J., Sussmann, J. E., Temmingh, H. S., Thompson, P. M., Verdolini, N., Vieta, E., Wessa, M., Whalley, H. C., Zanetti, M. V., Leboyer, M., Mangin, J. -F., Henry, C., Duchesnay, E., and Houenou, J.
Abstract: This Article was originally published under NPG's License to Publish, but has now been made available under a [CC BY 4.0] license. The PDF and HTML versions of the Article have been modified accordingly.
Published: 2019

14. Call to action regarding the vascular-bipolar link: A report from the Vascular Task Force of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders

Author: Goldstein, BI, Baune, BT, Bond, DJ, Chen, P-H, Eyler, L, Fagiolini, A, Gomes, F, Hajek, T, Hatch, J, McElroy, SL, McIntyre, RS, Prieto, M, Sylvia, LG, Tsai, S-Y, Kcomt, A, Fiedorowicz, JG, Goldstein, BI, Baune, BT, Bond, DJ, Chen, P-H, Eyler, L, Fagiolini, A, Gomes, F, Hajek, T, Hatch, J, McElroy, SL, McIntyre, RS, Prieto, M, Sylvia, LG, Tsai, S-Y, Kcomt, A, and Fiedorowicz, JG
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The association of bipolar disorder with early and excessive cardiovascular disease was identified over a century ago. Nonetheless, the vascular-bipolar link remains underrecognized, particularly with regard to how this link can contribute to our understanding of pathogenesis and treatment. METHODS: An international group of experts completed a selective review of the literature, distilling core themes, identifying limitations and gaps in the literature, and highlighting future directions to bridge these gaps. RESULTS: The association between bipolar disorder and vascular disease is large in magnitude, consistent across studies, and independent of confounding variables where assessed. The vascular-bipolar link is multifactorial and is difficult to study given the latency between the onset of bipolar disorder, often in adolescence or early adulthood, and subsequent vascular disease, which usually occurs decades later. As a result, studies have often focused on risk factors for vascular disease or intermediate phenotypes, such as structural and functional vascular imaging measures. There is interest in identifying the most relevant mediators of this relationship, including lifestyle (eg, smoking, diet, exercise), medications, and systemic biological mediators (eg, inflammation). Nonetheless, there is a paucity of treatment studies that deliberately engage these mediators, and thus far no treatment studies have focused on engaging vascular imaging targets. CONCLUSIONS: Further research focused on the vascular-bipolar link holds promise for gleaning insights regarding the underlying causes of bipolar disorder, identifying novel treatment approaches, and mitigating disparities in cardiovascular outcomes for people with bipolar disorder.
Published: 2020

15. A multivariate twin study of hippocampal volume, self-esteem and well-being in middle-aged men

Author: Kubarych, T. S., Prom-Wormley, E. C., Franz, C. E., Panizzon, M. S., Dale, A. M., Fischl, B., Eyler, L. T., Fennema-Notestine, C., Grant, M. D., Hauger, R. L., Hellhammer, D. H., Jak, A. J., Jernigan, T. L., Lupien, S. J., Lyons, M. J., Mendoza, S. P., Neale, M. C., Seidman, L. J., Tsuang, M. T., and Kremen, W. S.
Published: 2012
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16. Environmental, Transient, Three-Dimensional, Hydrothermal, Mass Transport Code - FLESCOT

Author: Onishi, Yasuo, primary, Bao, Jie, additional, Glass, Kevin A., additional, Eyler, L. L., additional, and Okumura, Masahiko, additional
Published: 2015
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17. Numerical simulation of aerosol particle transport by oscillating flow in respiratory airways

Author: Briant, James K., Frank, Duane D., James, Anthony C., and Eyler, L. Loren
Published: 1992
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18. B-38 Gamified Mobile Cognitive Tests: Preliminary Feasibility and Acceptability in Persons with Bipolar Disorder

Author: Filip, T, primary, Kamarsu, S, additional, Lomas, D, additional, Eyler, L, additional, Depp, C, additional, and Moore, R, additional
Published: 2019
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19. 0958 Sleep and Inflammatory Profiles in Bipolar Disorder

Author: Kaufmann, C N, primary, Sutherland, A, additional, Nakhla, M Z, additional, Yoon, H, additional, Soontornniyomkij, B, additional, and Eyler, L T, additional
Published: 2018
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20. Assessment of Tank 241-C-106 temperature response indications

Author: Eyler, L, primary
Published: 1995
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21. Conceptual models for waste tank mechanistic analysis. Status report, January 1991

Author: Allemann, R., primary, Antoniak, Z., additional, Eyler, L., additional, Liljegren, L., additional, and Roberts, J., additional
Published: 1992
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22. Altered proliferation and networks in neural cells derived from idiopathic autistic individuals

Author: Marchetto, M C, primary, Belinson, H, additional, Tian, Y, additional, Freitas, B C, additional, Fu, C, additional, Vadodaria, K C, additional, Beltrao-Braga, P C, additional, Trujillo, C A, additional, Mendes, A P D, additional, Padmanabhan, K, additional, Nunez, Y, additional, Ou, J, additional, Ghosh, H, additional, Wright, R, additional, Brennand, K J, additional, Pierce, K, additional, Eichenfield, L, additional, Pramparo, T, additional, Eyler, L T, additional, Barnes, C C, additional, Courchesne, E, additional, Geschwind, D H, additional, Gage, F H, additional, Wynshaw-Boris, A, additional, and Muotri, A R, additional
Published: 2016
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23. Reverse translation of the rodent 5C-CPT reveals that the impaired attention of people with schizophrenia is similar to scopolamine-induced deficits in mice

Author: Young, J W, primary, Geyer, M A, additional, Rissling, A J, additional, Sharp, R F, additional, Eyler, L T, additional, Asgaard, G L, additional, and Light, G A, additional
Published: 2013
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24. A Review of the Brain Structure Correlates of Successful Cognitive Aging

Author: Kaup, A. R., primary, Mirzakhanian, H., additional, Jeste, D. V., additional, and Eyler, L. T., additional
Published: 2011
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25. Testosterone modifies the effect of APOE genotype on hippocampal volume in middle-aged men

Author: Panizzon, M. S., primary, Hauger, R., additional, Dale, A. M., additional, Eaves, L. J., additional, Eyler, L. T., additional, Fischl, B., additional, Fennema-Notestine, C., additional, Franz, C. E., additional, Grant, M. D., additional, Jak, A. J., additional, Jacobson, K. C., additional, Lyons, M. J., additional, Mendoza, S. P., additional, Neale, M. C., additional, Prom-Wormley, E. C., additional, Seidman, L. J., additional, Tsuang, M. T., additional, Xian, H., additional, and Kremen, W. S., additional
Published: 2010
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26. Multimedia Consent for Research in People With Schizophrenia and Normal Subjects: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Author: Jeste, D. V., primary, Palmer, B. W., additional, Golshan, S., additional, Eyler, L. T., additional, Dunn, L. B., additional, Meeks, T., additional, Glorioso, D., additional, Fellows, I., additional, Kraemer, H., additional, and Appelbaum, P. S., additional
Published: 2008
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27. fMRI evidence of compensatory mechanisms in older adults at genetic risk for Alzheimer disease

Author: Bondi, M. W., primary, Houston, W. S., additional, Eyler, L. T., additional, and Brown, G. G., additional
Published: 2005
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28. 539 HIPPOCAMPAL SIZE AND LEARNING-RELATED BRAIN RESPONSE DETERMINED BY INDIVIDUALLY-TRACED REGIONS OF INTEREST: COMPARISON BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA AND HEALTHY PARTICIPANTS.

Author: De Cruz, S. J., primary, Gold, J., additional, Olsen, R. K., additional, Eyler, L. T., additional, and Jeste, D. V., additional
Published: 2004
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29. HIPPOCAMPAL SIZE AND LEARNING-RELATED BRAIN RESPONSE DETERMINED BY INDIVIDUALLY-TRACED REGIONS OF INTEREST: COMPARISON BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA AND HEALTHY PARTICIPANTS.

Author: De Cruz, S. J., primary, Gold, J., additional, Olsen, R. K., additional, Eyler, L. T., additional, and Jeste, D. V., additional
Published: 2004
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30. TEMPEST: A three-dimensional time-dependent computer program for hydrothermal analysis: Volume 1, Numerical methods and input instructions

Author: Trent, D, primary, Eyler, L, additional, and Budden, M, additional
Published: 1983
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31. TEMPEST: A three-dimensional time-dependent computer program for hydrothermal analysis: Volume 2, Assessment and verification results

Author: Eyler, L L, primary, Trent, D S, additional, and Budden, M J, additional
Published: 1983
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32. Reverse translation of the rodent 5C-CPT reveals that the impaired attention of people with schizophrenia is similar to scopolamineinduced deficits in mice.

Author: Young, J. W., Geyer, M. A., Rissling, A. J., Sharp, R. F., Eyler, L. T., Asgaard, G. L., and Light, G. A.
Published: 2013
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33. Performance-based and subjective measures of functioning in middle-aged and older adults with bipolar disorder

Author: Colin Depp, Mausbach, B. T., Eyler, L. T., Palmer, B. W., Cain, A. E., Lebowitz, B. D., Patterson, T. L., and Jeste, D. V.

34. Non-Isothermal Mercury Pipe Flow Turbulent Characteristics

Author: Flaherty, T. W., Eyler, L. L., Sesonske, A., Flaherty, T. W., Eyler, L. L., and Sesonske, A.

35. Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author: Armin Raznahan, Eric Courchesne, Andrea Parolin Jackowski, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Cameron T. Ellis, R.C. Gur, Bin Bae J, Park Mtm, Pedro A. Valdes-Sosa, Simon N. Vandekar, Jacob W. Vogel, Juan Zhou, Machteld Marcelis, Kiho Im, Patricia Ellen Grant, Minhui Ouyang, Blesa Cabez M, Michael V. Lombardo, Sarah E. Morgan, James P. Boardman, Adamson C, Calhoun Vd, Delarue M, James H. Cole, Pichet Binette A, Roberto Toro, David H. Rowitch, Nynke A. Groenewold, Kevin M. Anderson, David T.W. Jones, Michael Schöll, Wang Ys, Aiden Corvin, R.E. Gur, Damien A. Fair, Gareth Ball, Herma Lina Schaare, Andrew Zalesky, Evdokia Anagnostou, Michael J. Meaney, Taki Y, Gareth J. Sullivan, Warrier, Petra E. Vértes, Chixiang Chen, Lisa T. Eyler, Wei Liao, Tomáš Paus, Jeremy A. Elman, Phillip McGuire, Hisham Ziauddeen, William S. Kremen, Etienne Vachon-Presseau, E.T. Bullmore, Christophe Tzourio, White, Hammill Cf, Mothersill D, Richard N. Henson, Jiang Qiu, Duncan E. Astle, Fabrice Crivello, Paul C. Fletcher, Chertavian C, Kim K, Jennifer Crosbie, Russell Schachar, Gabriel A. Devenyi, Manfred G. Kitzbichler, Tianye Jia, Trey Hedden, Sang Jae Lee, Ross D. Markello, Silke Kern, Ian M. Goodyer, Keith A. Johnson, Frauke Beyer, Bernard Mazoyer, A. Heinz, Sylvane Desrivières, Rosenberg, Gary Donohoe, Ong Mq, Alexander D. Edwards, Dan J. Stein, Nenad Medic, Zuo Xn, Travis T. Mallard, Peter Fonagy, Lindsay W. Victoria, Ingmar Skoog, Avram J. Holmes, Jason P. Lerch, Jed T. Elison, Jianfu Li, John H. Gilmore, Rosemary Holt, Caitlin K. Rollins, Carol E. Franz, Pedro Mario Pan, Saashi A Bedford, Yang N, Jonathan C Ipser, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Tuulari Jj, Stolicyn A, Hua Huang, Bratislav Misic, Conor Liston, Ayub M, Lisa Ronan, Yeo Bt, Sophie Adler, Charles J. Lynch, Faith M. Gunning, Konrad Wagstyl, M. Mallar Chakravarty, John Suckling, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Bharath Holla, Yap Seng Chong, Jinglei Lv, Jakob Seidlitz, Niall J Bourke, Xinlei Qian, Simon Baron-Cohen, Cynthia M. Ortinau, Deirel Paz Linares, Thyreau B, René S. Kahn, Aaron P. Schultz, Vanessa Cropley, Eric Westman, Mitchell Valdés-Sosa, Rik Ossenkoppele, André Zugman, Hasse Karlsson, Sylvia Villeneuve, Katja Heuer, Di Biase Ma, Margaret L. Westwater, Sofie L. Valk, David J. Sharp, Brigitte Landeau, Matthew Borzage, Kirsten A. Donald, Timothy Rittman, Richard Beare, Giovanni Abrahão Salum, Gunter Schumann, Ryuta Kawashima, Romero-Garcia R, John Blangero, Yun Hj, Russel T. Shinohara, Nicolas Crossley, Simon K. Warfield, Karen Pierce, George S. Alexopoulos, Katharine Dunlop, David C. Glahn, Francois Lalonde, Anqi Qiu, Lana Vasung, Gaël Chételat, Lídice Galán-García, Clifford R. Jack, Reisa A. Sperling, Anna Zettergren, Elizabeth Kelley, Arno Villringer, Andrea Mechelli, Benegal, Aaron Alexander-Bloch, Nicholas B. Turk-Browne, van Amelsvoort T, John D. Lewis, Heather C. Whalley, A. V. Witte, Zdenka Pausova, Joel T. Nigg, Heather J. Zar, Raymond J. Dolan, Christopher D. Smyser, Jay N. Giedd, Lena Palaniyappan, Ali Gholipour, Areces-Gonzalez A, Peter B. Jones, Jacqueline Hoare, Oskar Hansson, Linnea Karlsson, C Pantelis, Paly L, Bonnie Auyeung, Jorge Bosch-Bayard, Bethlehem, Richard [0000-0002-0714-0685], White, Simon [0000-0001-8642-7037], Astle, Duncan [0000-0002-7042-5392], Baron-Cohen, Simon [0000-0001-9217-2544], Henson, Rik [0000-0002-0712-2639], Jones, Peter [0000-0002-0387-880X], Kitzbichler, Manfred [0000-0002-4494-0753], Rittman, Timothy [0000-0003-1063-6937], Rowitch, David [0000-0002-0079-0060], Tsvetanov, Kamen A. [0000-0002-3178-6363], Westwater-Wozniak, Margaret [0000-0002-2918-0979], Ziauddeen, Hisham [0000-0003-4044-1719], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, British Academy, Autism Research Trust, National Institute of Mental Health (US), UK Research and Innovation, Medical Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Wellcome Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of Pennsylvania, Yale University [New Haven], Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie et imagerie des troubles neurologiques (PhIND), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department [AP- HP Hôpital Robert Debré], AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de Neuroscience - Department of Neuroscience, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire / Center for Research and Interdisciplinarity [Paris, France] (CRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Psychiatrie (9), Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, 3R-BRAIN, AIBL, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Alzheimer’s Disease Repository Without Borders Investigators, CALM Team, Cam-CAN, CCNP, COBRE, cVEDA, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age Working Group, Developing Human Connectome Project, FinnBrain, Harvard Aging Brain Study, IMAGEN, KNE96, The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, NSPN, POND, The PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, [Bethlehem, R. A. I.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Auyeung, B.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Baron-Cohen, S.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Bedford, S. A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Holt, R.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Lombardo, M. V.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Bethlehem, R. A. I.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Brain Mapping Unit, Cambridge, England, [Kitzbichler, M. G.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Brain Mapping Unit, Cambridge, England, [Seidlitz, J.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Vogel, J. W.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Gur, R. E.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Gur, R. C.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Jackowski, A. P.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Satterthwaite, T. D.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Seidlitz, J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat & Behav Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat & Behav Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Seidlitz, J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Chertavian, C.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Gur, R. E.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Gur, R. C.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [White, S. R.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Goodyer, I. M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Henson, R. N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Jones, P. B.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Kitzbichler, M. G.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Medic, N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Morgan, S. E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Ronan, L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Suckling, J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Vertes, P. E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Warrier, V.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Westwater, M. L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Ziauddeen, H.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Bullmore, E. T.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [White, S. R.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Biostat Unit, Cambridge, England, [Vogel, J. W.] Univ Penn, Lifespan Informat & Neuroimaging Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Satterthwaite, T. D.] Univ Penn, Lifespan Informat & Neuroimaging Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Anderson, K. M.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Ellis, C. T.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Turk-Browne, N. B.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Adamson, C.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Ball, G.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Beare, R.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Jackowski, A. P.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Adamson, C.] Monash Univ, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Beare, R.] Monash Univ, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Adler, S.] UCL Great Ormond St Inst Child Hlth, London, England, [Alexopoulos, G. S.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, Weill Cornell Inst Geriatr Psychiat, New York, NY USA, [Anagnostou, E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Pediat, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Anagnostou, E.] Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabil Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Pierce, K.] Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabil Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Areces-Gonzalez, A.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, MOE Key Lab NeuroInformat, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Paz-Linares, D.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, MOE Key Lab NeuroInformat, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Areces-Gonzalez, A.] Univ Pinar del Rio Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca, Pinar Del Rio, Cuba, [Astle, D. E.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England, [Henson, R. N.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England, [Whalley, H. C.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England, [Auyeung, B.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Philosophy Psychol & Language Sci, Dept Psychol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Pausova, Z.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Philosophy Psychol & Language Sci, Dept Psychol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Ayub, M.] Queens Univ, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Neurosci Studies, Kingston, ON, Canada, [Ayub, M.] UCL, Mental Hlth Neurosci Res Dept, Div Psychiat, London, England, [Bae, J.] Seoul Natl Univ, Bundang Hosp, Dept Neuropsychiat, Seongnam, South Korea, [Ball, G.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Baron-Cohen, S.] Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Fdn Trust, Cambridge Lifetime Asperger Syndrome Serv CLASS, Cambridge, England, [Benegal, V.] Natl Inst Mental Hlth & Neurosci NIMHANS, Ctr Addict Med, Bengaluru, India, [Beyer, F.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Neurol, Leipzig, Germany, [Villringer, A.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Neurol, Leipzig, Germany, [Witte, A. V.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Neurol, Leipzig, Germany, [Blangero, J.] Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley, South Texas Diabet & Obes Inst, Dept Human Genet, Edinburg, TX USA, [Blesa Cabez, M.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Reprod Hlth, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Boardman, J. P.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Reprod Hlth, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Sullivan, G.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Reprod Hlth, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Borzage, M.] Univ Southern Calif, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Keck Sch Med, Fetal & Neonatal Inst,Div Neonatol,Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA, [Bosch-Bayard, J. F.] Montreal Neurol Inst, Ludmer Ctr Neuroinformat & Mental Hlth, McGill Ctr Integrat Neurosci, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Bosch-Bayard, J. F.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Chakravarty, M. M.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Bourke, N.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, London, England, [Sharp, D.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, London, England, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, London, England, [Bourke, N.] Dementia Res Inst, Care Res & Technol Ctr, London, England, [Calhoun, V. D.] Georgia State Univ, Triinst Ctr Translat Res Neuroimaging & Data Sci, Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA, [Calhoun, V. D.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA, [Chakravarty, M. M.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Cerebral Imaging Ctr, Comp Brain Anat CoBrA Lab, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Chen, C.] Univ Penn, Penn Stat Imaging & Visualizat Ctr, Dept Biostat Epidemiol & Informat, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Shinohara, R. T.] Univ Penn, Penn Stat Imaging & Visualizat Ctr, Dept Biostat Epidemiol & Informat, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Chetelat, G.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Delarue, M.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Landeau, B.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Paly, L.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Chong, Y. S.] Agcy Sci Technol & Res, Singapore Inst Clin Sci, Singapore, Singapore, [Chong, Y. S.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Singapore, Singapore, [Cole, J. H.] UCL, Ctr Med Image Comp CMIC, London, England, [Cole, J. H.] UCL, Dementia Res Ctr DRC, London, England, [Corvin, A.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Psychiat, Dublin, Ireland, [Costantino, M.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Cerebral Imaging Ctr, Verdun, PQ, Canada, [Costantino, M.] McGill Univ, Undergrad Program Neurosci, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Courchesne, E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA, [Courchesne, E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Autism Ctr Excellence, San Diego, CA 92103 USA, [Crivello, F.] Univ Bordeaux, Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, Bordeaux, France, [Mazoyer, B.] Univ Bordeaux, Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, Bordeaux, France, [Cropley, V. L.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Di Biase, M. A.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Lv, J.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Zalesky, A.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Hammill, C. F.] Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Schachar, R. J.] Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Crossley, N.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Santiago, Chile, [Crossley, N.] Kings Coll London, Dept Psychosis Studies, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, London, England, [McGuire, P.] Kings Coll London, Dept Psychosis Studies, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, London, England, [Crossley, N.] Inst Milenio Intelligent Healthcare Engn, Santiago, Chile, [Delorme, R.] Robert Debre Univ Hosp, AP HP, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Dept, Paris, France, [Delorme, R.] Inst Pasteur, Human Genet & Cognit Funct, Paris, France, [Desrivieres, S.] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, Social Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, London, England, [Devenyi, G. A.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, McGill Dept Psychiat, Cerebral Imaging Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Devenyi, G. A.] McGill Univ, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Di Biase, M. A.] Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Dolan, R.] UCL, Max Planck UCL Ctr Computat Psychiat & Ageing Res, London, England, [Dolan, R.] Wellcome Ctr Human Neuroimaging, London, England, [Wagstyl, K.] Wellcome Ctr Human Neuroimaging, London, England, [Donald, K. A.] Red Cross War Mem Childrens Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Div Dev Paediat, Cape Town, South Africa, [Donald, K. A.] Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa, [Groenewold, N. A.] Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa, [Donohoe, G.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Psychol, Ctr Neuroimaging Cognit & Genom NICOG, Galway, Ireland, [Dunlop, K.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, Weil Family Brain & Mind Res Inst, New York, NY USA, [Lynch, C.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, Weil Family Brain & Mind Res Inst, New York, NY USA, [Edwards, A. D.] Kings Coll London, Ctr Dev Brain, London, England, [Edwards, A. D.] Evelina London Childrens Hosp, London, England, [Edwards, A. D.] MRC Ctr Neurodev Disorders, London, England, [Elison, J. T.] Univ Minnesota, Mason Inst Dev Brain, Dept Pediat, Inst Child Dev, Minneapolis, MN USA, [Fair, D. A.] Univ Minnesota, Mason Inst Dev Brain, Dept Pediat, Inst Child Dev, Minneapolis, MN USA, [Feczko, E.] Univ Minnesota, Mason Inst Dev Brain, Dept Pediat, Inst Child Dev, Minneapolis, MN USA, [Ellis, C. T.] Haskins Labs Inc, New Haven, CT USA, [Elman, J. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Behav Genet Aging, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA, [Franz, C. E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Behav Genet Aging, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA, [Kremen, W. S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Behav Genet Aging, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA, [Eyler, L.] VA San Diego Healthcare, Desert Pacific Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Diego, CA USA, [Eyler, L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA, [Fletcher, P. C.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge Biomed Campus, Cambridge, England, [Fletcher, P. C.] Wellcome Trust MRC Inst Metab Sci, Cambridge Biomed Campus, Cambridge, England, [Fletcher, P. C.] Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Fdn Trust, Cambridge, England, [Jones, P. B.] Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Fdn Trust, Cambridge, England, [Suckling, J.] Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Fdn Trust, Cambridge, England, [Ziauddeen, H.] Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Fdn Trust, Cambridge, England, [Fonagy, P.] UCL, Dept Clin Educ & Hlth Psychol, London, England, [Fonagy, P.] Anna Freud Natl Ctr Children & Families, London, England, [Galan-Garcia, L.] Cuban Ctr Neurosci, Havana, Cuba, [Valdes-Sosa, M. J.] Cuban Ctr Neurosci, Havana, Cuba, [Gholipour, A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Computat Radiol Lab, Boston, MA USA, [Warfield, S. K.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Computat Radiol Lab, Boston, MA USA, [Giedd, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA, [Giedd, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA, [Gilmore, J. H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA, [Glahn, D. C.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA, [Im, K.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA, [Mathias, S. R.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA, [Rodrigue, A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA, [Glahn, D. C.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Im, K.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Johnson, K. A.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Mathias, S. R.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Rodrigue, A.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Schultz, A. P.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Sperling, R. A.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Grant, P. E.] Harvard Med Sch, Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging & Dev Sci Ctr, Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Newborn Med & Neuroradiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Groenewold, N. A.] Univ Cape Town, SA MRC Unit Child & Adolescent Hlth, Red Cross War Mem Childrens Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa, [Zar, H. J.] Univ Cape Town, SA MRC Unit Child & Adolescent Hlth, Red Cross War Mem Childrens Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa, [Gunning, F. M.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, Weill Cornell Inst Geriatr Psychiat, New York, NY USA, [Victoria, L. W.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, Weill Cornell Inst Geriatr Psychiat, New York, NY USA, [Hammill, C. F.] Mouse Imaging Ctr, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Hansson, O.] Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Malmo, Clin Memory Res Unit, Malmo, Sweden, [Hansson, O.] Skane Univ Hosp, Memory Clin, Malmo, Sweden, [Hedden, T.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10029 USA, [Hedden, T.] Harvard Med Sch, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Athinoula Martinos Ctr Biomed Imaging, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Heinz, A.] Charite Univ Med Berlin, Charite Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany, [Heinz, A.] Free Univ Berlin, Charite Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany, [Heinz, A.] Humboldt Univ, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Charite Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany, [Heuer, K.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Neuropsychol, Leipzig, Germany, [Heuer, K.] Univ Paris, Paris, France, [Toro, R.] Univ Paris, Paris, France, [Hoare, J.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, Cape Town, South Africa, [Holla, B.] NIMHANS, Dept Integrat Med, Bengaluru, India, [Holla, B.] NIMHANS, Dept Psychiat, Accelerator Program Discovery Brain Disorders Usi, Bengaluru, India, [Holmes, A. J.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Villeneuve, S.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Holmes, A. J.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA, [Villeneuve, S.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA, [Huang, H.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Radiol Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Ouyang, M.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Radiol Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Huang, H.] Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Ipser, J.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat & Mental Hlth, Clin Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa, [Jack, C. R., Jr.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN USA, [Jones, D. T.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN USA, Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil, [Jackowski, A. P.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Jia, T.] Fudan Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Brain Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, Peoples R China, [Jia, T.] Fudan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Computat Neurosci & Brain Inspired Intell, Shanghai, Peoples R China, [Jia, T.] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, Ctr Populat Neurosci & Precis Med PONS, SGDP Ctr, London, England, [Johnson, K. A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Boston, MA 02114 USA, [Schultz, A. P.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Boston, MA 02114 USA, [Sperling, R. A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Boston, MA 02114 USA, [Johnson, K. A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Ctr Alzheimer Res & Treatment, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Sperling, R. A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Ctr Alzheimer Res & Treatment, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Johnson, K. A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA USA, [Jones, D. T.] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN USA, [3R-BRAIN] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN USA, [Kahn, R. S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA, [Karlsson, H.] Univ Turku, Dept Psychiat, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Univ Turku, Dept Psychiat, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, Dept Psychiat, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Univ Turku, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain & Mind Ctr, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Univ Turku, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain & Mind Ctr, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain & Mind Ctr, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Turku Univ Hosp, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Turku Univ Hosp, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Univ Turku, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Univ Turku, Turku, Finland, [Kawashima, R.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, [Taki, Y.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, [Thyreau, B.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, [Kelley, E. A.] Queens Univ, Ctr Neurosci Studies, Dept Psychol, Kingston, ON, Canada, [Kelley, E. A.] Queens Univ, Ctr Neurosci Studies, Dept Psychiat, Kingston, ON, Canada, [Kern, S.] Univ Gothenburg, Neuropsychiat Epidemiol Unit, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem,Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Ageing & Hlth AGECAP,Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Skoog, I.] Univ Gothenburg, Neuropsychiat Epidemiol Unit, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem,Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Ageing & Hlth AGECAP,Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Zettergren, A.] Univ Gothenburg, Neuropsychiat Epidemiol Unit, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem,Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Ageing & Hlth AGECAP,Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Kern, S.] Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Psychiat Cognit & Old Age Psychiat Clin, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Skoog, I.] Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Psychiat Cognit & Old Age Psychiat Clin, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Kim, K. W.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Coll Nat Sci, Seoul, South Korea, [Kim, K. W.] Seoul Natl Univ, Bundang Hosp, Dept Neuropsychiat, Seongnam, South Korea, [Kim, K. W.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Psychiat, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea, [Kim, K. W.] SNU MRC, Inst Human Behav Med, Seoul, South Korea, [Lalonde, F.] NIMH, Sect Dev Neurogenom, Human Genet Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Raznahan, A.] NIMH, Sect Dev Neurogenom, Human Genet Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Lee, S.] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Seoul, South Korea, [Lerch, J.] Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Lerch, J.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Neurosci, FMRIB, Wellcome Ctr Integrat Neuroimaging, Oxford, England, [Lewis, J. D.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Li, J.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Liao, W.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Valdes-Sosa, P. A.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Liston, C.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA, [Liston, C.] Weill Cornell Med, Brain & Mind Res Inst, New York, NY USA, [Lombardo, M. V.] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Neurosci & Cognit Syst UniTn, Lab Autism & Neurodev Disorders, Rovereto, Italy, [Lv, J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biomed Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia, [Lv, J.] Univ Sydney, Brain & Mind Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia, [Mallard, T. T.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Psychol, Austin, TX 78712 USA, [Marcelis, M.] Maastricht Univ, Sch Mental Hlth & Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Neuropsychol, EURON,Med Ctr, Maastricht, Netherlands, [Marcelis, M.] Inst Mental Hlth Care Eindhoven GGzE, Eindhoven, Netherlands, [Markello, R. D.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, McConnell Brain Imaging Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Misic, B.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, McConnell Brain Imaging Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Vasung, L.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, McConnell Brain Imaging Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Mazoyer, B.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Ludmer Ctr Neuroinformat & Mental Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Meaney, M. J.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Ludmer Ctr Neuroinformat & Mental Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Meaney, M. J.] Singapore Inst Clin Sci, Singapore, Singapore, [Mechelli, A.] Bordeaux Univ Hosp, Bordeaux, France, [Morgan, S. E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Comp Sci & Technol, Cambridge, England, [Morgan, S. E.] Alan Turing Inst, London, England, [Vertes, P. E.] Alan Turing Inst, London, England, [Mothersill, D.] Natl Coll Ireland, Sch Business, Dept Psychol, Dublin, Ireland, [Mothersill, D.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Psychol, Galway, Ireland, [Mothersill, D.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ctr Neuroimaging & Cognit Genom, Galway, Ireland, [Mothersill, D.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Psychiat, Dublin, Ireland, [Nigg, J.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA, [Ong, M. Q. W.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Qian, X.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Zhou, J. H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Ortinau, C.] Washington Univ, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63130 USA, [Ossenkoppele, R.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Alzheimer Ctr Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Neurol,Amsterdam Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands, [Ossenkoppele, R.] Lund Univ, Clin Memory Res Unit, Lund, Sweden, [Palaniyappan, L.] Univ Western Ontario, Robarts Res Inst, London, ON, Canada, [Palaniyappan, L.] Univ Western Ontario, Brain & Mind Inst, London, ON, Canada, [Pan, P. M.] Fed Univ Sao Poalo UNIFESP, Dept Psychiat, Sao Poalo, Brazil, [Pan, P. M.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat Children & Adolescents INP, Sao Poalo, Brazil, [Zugman, A.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat Children & Adolescents INP, Sao Poalo, Brazil, [Pantelis, C.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Carlton, Vic, Australia, [Pantelis, C.] Melbourne Hlth, Carlton, Vic, Australia, [Pantelis, C.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Engn, Parkville, Vic, Australia, [Pantelis, C.] Florey Inst Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Parkville, Vic, Australia, [Park, M. M.] Western Univ, Schulich Sch Med & Dent, Dept Psychiat, London, ON, Canada, [Rollins, C. K.] Univ Montreal, Dept Psychiat, Fac Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Rollins, C. K.] Univ Montreal, CHU St Justine, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychol, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Physiol, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Nutr Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Paz-Linares, D.] Cuban Neurosci Ctr, Havana, Cuba, [Pichet Binette, A.] McGill Univ, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Villeneuve, S.] McGill Univ, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Pichet Binette, A.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Villeneuve, S.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Qiu, J.] Southwest Univ, Sch Psychol, Chongqing, Peoples R China, [Qiu, A.] Natl Univ Singapore, N1 Inst Hlth, Dept Biomed Engn, Singapore, Singapore, [Rittman, T.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Clin Neurosci, Cambridge, England, [Tsvetanov, K. A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Clin Neurosci, Cambridge, England, [Rollins, C. K.] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Rollins, C. K.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA USA, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Seville, Dpto Fisiol Med & Biofis, Inst Biomed Sevilla IBiS HUVR CSIC, Seville, Spain, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Psychol, 5848 S Univ Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Chicago, Inst Neurosci, Chicago, IL USA, [Rowitch, D. H.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Paediat, Cambridge, England, [Rowitch, D. H.] Univ Cambridge, Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Inst, Cambridge, England, [Salum, G. A.] Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul UFRGS, Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Dept Psychiat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, [Salum, G. A.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat INPD, Sao Paulo, Brazil, [Schaare, H. L.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Otto Hahn Grp Cognit Neurogenet, Leipzig, Germany, [Schaare, H. L.] Res Ctr Juelich, Inst Neurosci & Med INM 7 Brain & Behav, Julich, Germany, [Schultz, A. P.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Athinoula Martinos Ctr Biomed Imaging, Charlestown, MA USA, [Schumann, G.] Fudan Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Brain Inspired Intelligence, Ctr Populat Neurosci & Stratified Med PONS, Shanghai, Peoples R China, [Schumann, G.] Charite Campus Mitte, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Charite Mental Hlth, PONS Ctr, Berlin, Germany, [Scholl, M.] Univ Gothenburg, Wallenberg Ctr Mol & Translat Med, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Scholl, M.] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Scholl, M.] UCL, Queens Sq Inst Neurol, Dementia Res Ctr, London, England, [Sharp, D.] UK Dementia Res Inst, Care Res & Technol Ctr, London, England, [Shinohara, R. T.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Ctr Biomed Image Comp & Analyt, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Smyser, C. D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, [Smyser, C. D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, [Smyser, C. D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, [Stein, D. J.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, SA MRC Unit Risk & Resilience Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa, [Stein, D. J.] Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa, [Stolicyn, A.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Clin Brain Sci, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Whalley, H. C.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Clin Brain Sci, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Toro, R.] Inst Pasteur, Dept Neurosci, Paris, France, [Traut, N.] Inst Pasteur, Dept Neurosci, Paris, France, [Traut, N.] Univ Paris 05, Ctr Res & Interdisciplinar CRI, Paris, France, [Tsvetanov, K. A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychol, Cambridge, England, [Turk-Browne, N. B.] Yale Univ, Wu Tsai Inst, New Haven, CT USA, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, Turku Coll Sci Med & Technol, Turku, Finland, [Tzourio, C.] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux Populat Hlth Res Ctr, CHU Bordeaux, U1219,INSERM, Bordeaux, France, [Vachon-Presseau, E.] McGill Univ, Fac Dent Med & Oral Hlth Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Valdes-Sosa, P. A.] McGill Univ, Alan Edwards Ctr Res Pain AECRP, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Valk, S. L.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Neurosci & Med 7, Julich, Germany, [Valk, S. L.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Leipzig, Germany, [van Amelsvoort, T.] Maastricht Univ, Dept Psychiat & Neurosychol, Maastricht, Netherlands, [Vandekar, S. N.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biostat, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA, [Villeneuve, S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN USA, [Villringer, A.] Univ Leipzig, Clin Cognit Neurol, Med Ctr, Leipzig, Germany, [Witte, A. V.] Univ Leipzig, Clin Cognit Neurol, Med Ctr, Leipzig, Germany, [Zuo, X. N.] Univ Leipzig, Clin Cognit Neurol, Med Ctr, Leipzig, Germany, [Wang, Y. S.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yeo, B.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Zuo, X. N.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Wang, Y. S.] Beijing Normal Univ, IDG McGovern Inst Brain Res, Dev Populat Neuroscience Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Beijing Normal Univ, IDG McGovern Inst Brain Res, Dev Populat Neuroscience Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Zuo, X. N.] Beijing Normal Univ, IDG McGovern Inst Brain Res, Dev Populat Neuroscience Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Wang, Y. S.] Natl Basic Sci Data Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Natl Basic Sci Data Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Zuo, X. N.] Natl Basic Sci Data Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Wang, Y. S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Lifespan Dev Brain & Mind, Inst Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Lifespan Dev Brain & Mind, Inst Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Westman, E.] Karolinska Inst, Ctr Alzheimer Res, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Div Clin Geriatr, Stockholm, Sweden, [Witte, A. V.] Univ Leipzig, CRC 1052 Obes Mech, Fac Med, Leipzig, Germany, [Zhou, J. H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Translat MR Res, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, N1 Inst Hlth, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, Inst Digital Med, Singapore, Singapore, [Yun, H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Integrat Sci & Engn Programme ISEP, Singapore, Singapore, [Zar, H. J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Biomed Engn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Zhou, J. H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Translat Magnet Resonance Res, Singapore, Singapore, [Ziauddeen, H.] Univ Cambridge, Wellcome Trust MRC Inst Metab Sci, Cambridge, England, [Zugman, A.] NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Zugman, A.] Escola Paulista Med, Dept Psychiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil, [Zuo, X. N.] Nanning Normal Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Key Lab Brain & Educ, Nanning, Peoples R China, British Academy Postdoctoral fellowship, NIMH, UKRI Medical Research Council, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, NIHR Senior Investigator award, MRC research infrastructure award, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and Ontario Brain Institute
Subjects: 631/378/2649, OpenPain Project, KNE96, Growth, Psychiatric-disorders, DISEASE, 3R-BRAIN, Brain charts, MRI Brain, OASIS-3, Disease, CCNP, 631/378/2571, UMN BCP, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS, article, Brain, Human brain, ASSOCIATION, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Harvard Aging Brain Study, The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, NSPN, medicine.anatomical_structure, GROWTH, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], ddc:500, BURDEN, WHITE-MATTER, FinnBrain, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Organization, Mri, MRI, medicine.medical_specialty, Concurrent validity, MODELS, Cam-CAN, Longevity, CALM Team, POND, Neuroimaging, Burden, ORGANIZATION, AIBL, The PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, Cortical thickness, Association, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, FinnBrain, IMAGEN, KNE96, White-matter, medicine, Humans, ASRB, 631/378/1689, COBRE, business.industry, 631/378/2611, Brain morphometry, Neurosciences, Alzheimer’s Disease Repository Without Borders Investigators, Magnetic resonance imaging, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Anthropometry, Body Height, Brain growth, Birth, 59/57, Normative, IMAGEN, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age working group, NSPN, business, CCNP, 3R-BRAIN, CORTICAL THICKNESS, Developing Human Connectome Project, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age working group, The PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, Bullmore, E.T
Abstract: Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes., R.A.I.B. was supported by a British Academy Postdoctoral fellowship and by the Autism Research Trust. J. Seidlitz was supported by NIMH T32MH019112-29 and K08MH120564. S.R.W. was funded by UKRI Medical Research Council MC_UU_00002/2 and was supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014). E.T.B. was supported by an NIHR Senior Investigator award and the Wellcome Trust collaborative award for the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network. A.F.A.-B. was supported by NIMH K08MH120564. Data were curated and analysed using a computational facility funded by an MRC research infrastructure award (MR/M009041/1) to the School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge and supported by the mental health theme of the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.
Published: 2022

36. What we learn about bipolar disorder from large-scale neuroimaging

Author: Christian K. Tamnes, Bartholomeus C M Haarman, Jair C. Soares, Ole A. Andreassen, Viola Oertel, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, G. Tronchin, Michael Stäblein, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Melissa Pauling, Christopher R.K. Ching, Daniel H. Wolf, Dick J. Veltman, Ingrid Agartz, Bernhard T. Baune, Salvador Sarró, Mon-Ju Wu, Scott C Fears, Eduard Vieta, Melissa J. Green, Neeltje E.M. van Haren, Yann Quidé, Erlend Bøen, Yash Patel, Igor Nenadic, Martin Alda, Lisa T. Eyler, Arnaud Pouchon, Danai Dima, Tomáš Paus, Irene Bollettini, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Rachel M. Brouwer, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Michael Bauer, Caterina del Mar Bonnín, C. McDonald, Udo Dannlowski, Bronwyn Overs, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Cristian Vargas Upegui, Oliver Gruber, Henricus G. Ruhé, Márcio Gerhardt Soeiro-de-Souza, Edouard Duchesnay, Hilary P. Blumberg, Tilo Kircher, Miho Ota, Michael Berk, Christoph Abé, Andreas Jansen, Kang Sim, Heather C. Whalley, Derrek P. Hibar, Roel A. Ophoff, Georgios V Thomaidis, Henrik Walter, Sophia Frangou, Michèle Wessa, Dara M. Cannon, Cara M. Altimus, Allison C. Nugent, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Orwa Dandash, Marcella Bellani, Unn K. Haukvik, Philip B. Mitchell, Ling-Li Zeng, Christian Knöchel, Jose Manuel Goikolea, Sonja M C de Zwarte, Francesco Benedetti, Sara Poletti, Janice M. Fullerton, Carlos A. Zarate, Aart H. Schene, Dan J. Stein, Chantal Henry, Tristram A. Lett, Mikael Landén, Daniel L Pham, Paolo Brambilla, Silvia Alonso-Lana, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Carlos López-Jaramillo, Tomas Hajek, Bernd Kramer, G. Delvecchio, Maria M. Rive, Lars T. Westlye, Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez, Victoria L. Ives-Deliperi, Dominik Grotegerd, Beny Lafer, Abraham Nunes, Carrie E. Bearden, Raymond Salvador, Joaquim Radua, Amy C Bilderbeck, Xavier Caseras, Paul M. Thompson, Jorge R. C. Almeida, Pauline Favre, Gloria Roberts, David C. Glahn, Dag Alnæs, Julian A Pineda-Zapata, Tiril P. Gurholt, Mircea Polosan, Josselin Houenou, Fabiano G. Nery, Leila Nabulsi, Mary L. Phillips, Fleur M. Howells, Ana M. Díaz-Zuluaga, Elisa M T Melloni, Ching, C. R. K., Hibar, D. P., Gurholt, T. P., Nunes, A., Thomopoulos, S. I., Abe, C., Agartz, I., Brouwer, R. M., Cannon, D. M., de Zwarte, S. M. C., Eyler, L. T., Favre, P., Hajek, T., Haukvik, U. K., Houenou, J., Landen, M., Lett, T. A., Mcdonald, C., Nabulsi, L., Patel, Y., Pauling, M. E., Paus, T., Radua, J., Soeiro-de-Souza, M. G., Tronchin, G., van Haren, N. E. M., Vieta, E., Walter, H., Zeng, L. -L., Alda, M., Almeida, J., Alnaes, D., Alonso-Lana, S., Altimus, C., Bauer, M., Baune, B. T., Bearden, C. E., Bellani, M., Benedetti, F., Berk, M., Bilderbeck, A. C., Blumberg, H. P., Boen, E., Bollettini, I., del Mar Bonnin, C., Brambilla, P., Canales-Rodriguez, E. J., Caseras, X., Dandash, O., Dannlowski, U., Delvecchio, G., Diaz-Zuluaga, A. M., Dima, D., Duchesnay, E., Elvsashagen, T., Fears, S. C., Frangou, S., Fullerton, J. M., Glahn, D. C., Goikolea, J. M., Green, M. J., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Haarman, B. C. M., Henry, C., Howells, F. M., Ives-Deliperi, V., Jansen, A., Kircher, T. T. J., Knochel, C., Kramer, B., Lafer, B., Lopez-Jaramillo, C., Machado-Vieira, R., Macintosh, B. J., Melloni, E. M. T., Mitchell, P. B., Nenadic, I., Nery, F., Nugent, A. C., Oertel, V., Ophoff, R. A., Ota, M., Overs, B. J., Pham, D. L., Phillips, M. L., Pineda-Zapata, J. A., Poletti, S., Polosan, M., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Pouchon, A., Quide, Y., Rive, M. M., Roberts, G., Ruhe, H. G., Salvador, R., Sarro, S., Satterthwaite, T. D., Schene, A. H., Sim, K., Soares, J. C., Stablein, M., Stein, D. J., Tamnes, C. K., Thomaidis, G. V., Upegui, C. V., Veltman, D. J., Wessa, M., Westlye, L. T., Whalley, H. C., Wolf, D. H., Wu, M. -J., Yatham, L. N., Zarate, C. A., Thompson, P. M., and Andreassen, O. A.
Subjects: mega-analysis, Stress-related disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 13], cortical surface area, Review Article, 0302 clinical medicine, Manic-depressive illness, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Spectrum disorder, Review Articles, bipolar disorder, Cerebral Cortex, Trastorn bipolar, neuroimaging, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, 05 social sciences, ENIGMA, HUMAN BRAIN, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, psychiatry, 3. Good health, Neurology, Meta-analysis, Scale (social sciences), Anatomy, Psychology, Clinical risk factor, Clinical psychology, MRI, MAJOR PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS, Schizoaffective disorder, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Magnetic resonance imaging, Neuroimaging, Meta-Analysis as Topic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Imatges per ressonància magnètica, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Bipolar disorder, HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUMES, mega‐analysis, GRAY-MATTER VOLUME, SPECTRUM DISORDER, volume, DIABETES-MELLITUS, cortical thickness, COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, medicine.disease, Mental illness, meta-analysis, meta‐analysis, RC0321, Neurology (clinical), SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER, PSYCHOTIC FEATURES, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: MRI‐derived brain measures offer a link between genes, the environment and behavior and have been widely studied in bipolar disorder (BD). However, many neuroimaging studies of BD have been underpowered, leading to varied results and uncertainty regarding effects. The Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis (ENIGMA) Bipolar Disorder Working Group was formed in 2012 to empower discoveries, generate consensus findings and inform future hypothesis‐driven studies of BD. Through this effort, over 150 researchers from 20 countries and 55 institutions pool data and resources to produce the largest neuroimaging studies of BD ever conducted. The ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group applies standardized processing and analysis techniques to empower large‐scale meta‐ and mega‐analyses of multimodal brain MRI and improve the replicability of studies relating brain variation to clinical and genetic data. Initial BD Working Group studies reveal widespread patterns of lower cortical thickness, subcortical volume and disrupted white matter integrity associated with BD. Findings also include mapping brain alterations of common medications like lithium, symptom patterns and clinical risk profiles and have provided further insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of BD. Here we discuss key findings from the BD working group, its ongoing projects and future directions for large‐scale, collaborative studies of mental illness., This review discusses the major challenges facing neuroimaging research of bipolar disorder and highlights the major accomplishments, ongoing challenges and future goals of the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group.
Published: 2022

37. Association between body mass index and subcortical brain volumes in bipolar disorders–ENIGMA study in 2735 individuals

Author: Eduard Vieta, Jose Manuel Goikolea, Joaquim Raduà, Janice M. Fullerton, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Peter R. Schofield, Carlos López-Jaramillo, Tomas Hajek, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Henk Temmingh, Francesco Benedetti, Ulrik Fredrik Malt, Erlend Bøen, Roel A. Ophoff, Bartholomeus C M Haarman, Cristian Vargas, Kang Sim, Katharina Thiel, Ole A. Andreassen, Tim Hahn, Lisa T. Eyler, Philip B. Mitchell, Christopher R.K. Ching, Axel Krug, Jonathan Repple, Annabel Vreeker, Dara M. Cannon, Sandra Meier, Colm McDonald, Holly Van Gestel, Hannah Lemke, Maike Richter, Caterina del Mar Bonnín, Udo Dannlowski, Tilo Kircher, Martin Alda, Mikael Landén, Janik Goltermann, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Genevieve McPhilemy, Jonathan Savitz, Susanne Meinert, Igor Nenadic, Simon Schmitt, Bronwyn Overs, Katharina Brosch, Dan J. Stein, Raymond Salvador, Dominik Grotegerd, Nils Opel, Martin Ingvar, Sean R. McWhinney, Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez, Elena Mazza, Gloria Roberts, Paul M. Thompson, Neeltje E.M. van Haren, Tiana Borgers, Fiona M. Martyn, Frederike Stein, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Benny Liberg, Julian A Pineda-Zapata, Christoph Abé, Lena Waltemate, Tina Meller, Kai Ringwald, Ana M. Díaz-Zuluaga, Elisa M T Melloni, Rayus Kuplicki, Leila Nabulsi, Fleur M. Howells, Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Mcwhinney, S. R., Abe, C., Alda, M., Benedetti, F., Boen, E., del Mar Bonnin, C., Borgers, T., Brosch, K., Canales-Rodriguez, E. J., Cannon, D. M., Dannlowski, U., Diaz-Zuluaga, A. M., Elvsashagen, T., Eyler, L. T., Fullerton, J. M., Goikolea, J. M., Goltermann, J., Grotegerd, D., Haarman, B. C. M., Hahn, T., Howells, F. M., Ingvar, M., Kircher, T. T. J., Krug, A., Kuplicki, R. T., Landen, M., Lemke, H., Liberg, B., Lopez-Jaramillo, C., Malt, U. F., Martyn, F. M., Mazza, E., Mcdonald, C., Mcphilemy, G., Meier, S., Meinert, S., Meller, T., Melloni, E. M. T., Mitchell, P. B., Nabulsi, L., Nenadic, I., Opel, N., Ophoff, R. A., Overs, B. J., Pfarr, J. -K., Pineda-Zapata, J. A., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Radua, J., Repple, J., Richter, M., Ringwald, K. G., Roberts, G., Salvador, R., Savitz, J., Schmitt, S., Schofield, P. R., Sim, K., Stein, D. J., Stein, F., Temmingh, H. S., Thiel, K., van Haren, N. E. M., Gestel, H. V., Vargas, C., Vieta, E., Vreeker, A., Waltemate, L., Yatham, L. N., Ching, C. R. K., Andreassen, O., Thompson, P. M., Hajek, T., and Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Article, Body Mass Index, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Lateral ventricles, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Neuroimaging, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Risk factor, Molecular Biology, business.industry, Brain, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Obesity, Comorbidity, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cardiology, business, Body mass index, Neuroscience
Abstract: Individuals with bipolar disorders (BD) frequently suffer from obesity, which is often associated with neurostructural alterations. Yet, the effects of obesity on brain structure in BD are under-researched. We obtained MRI-derived brain subcortical volumes and body mass index (BMI) from 1134 BD and 1601 control individuals from 17 independent research sites within the ENIGMA-BD Working Group. We jointly modeled the effects of BD and BMI on subcortical volumes using mixed-effects modeling and tested for mediation of group differences by obesity using nonparametric bootstrapping. All models controlled for age, sex, hemisphere, total intracranial volume, and data collection site. Relative to controls, individuals with BD had significantly higher BMI, larger lateral ventricular volume, and smaller volumes of amygdala, hippocampus, pallidum, caudate, and thalamus. BMI was positively associated with ventricular and amygdala and negatively with pallidal volumes. When analyzed jointly, both BD and BMI remained associated with volumes of lateral ventricles and amygdala. Adjusting for BMI decreased the BD vs control differences in ventricular volume. Specifically, 18.41% of the association between BD and ventricular volume was mediated by BMI (Z = 2.73, p = 0.006). BMI was associated with similar regional brain volumes as BD, including lateral ventricles, amygdala, and pallidum. Higher BMI may in part account for larger ventricles, one of the most replicated findings in BD. Comorbidity with obesity could explain why neurostructural alterations are more pronounced in some individuals with BD. Future prospective brain imaging studies should investigate whether obesity could be a modifiable risk factor for neuroprogression.
Published: 2021

38. Modeling and analysis of ORNL horizontal storage tank mobilization and mixing

Author: Eyler, L
Published: 1994
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39. Computer modeling of ORNL storage tank sludge mobilization and mixing

Author: Eyler, L
Published: 1993
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40. Predictions of convective losses from a solar cavity receiver

Author: Eyler, L.
Published: 1979

41. Evaluation of coarse coal hydrotransport data and predictive models

Author: Eyler, L.
Published: 1980

42. Widespread white matter microstructural abnormalities in bipolar disorder: evidence from mega- and meta-analyses across 3033 individuals

Author: Jess E. Sussmann, Unn K. Haukvik, Michèle Wessa, Pedro G.P. Rosa, Philip B. Mitchell, Trine Vik Lagerberg, Henk Temmingh, Christoph Abé, Tomas Hajek, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Sonya Foley, Chantal Henry, Neda Jahanshad, Martin Alda, Franz Hozer, Harald Kugel, Mircea Polosan, Jacques Stout, Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez, Pauline Favre, Peter R. Schofield, Josselin Houenou, Michael Deppe, Gloria Roberts, Heather C. Whalley, Tiffany M. Chaim-Avancini, Norma Verdolini, Clara Alloza, Ole A. Andreassen, Marcus V. Zanetti, Salvador Sarró, Mauricio H. Serpa, Melissa Pauling, Jonathan Repple, R. Salvador, Geraldo F. Busatto, Annerine Roos, Christopher R.K. Ching, Dominik Grotegerd, Marion Leboyer, Udo Dannlowski, Lisa T. Eyler, Xavier Caseras, Francesco Benedetti, Kang Sim, Silvia Alonso-Lana, Samuel Sarrazin, Julia Linke, Bernhard T. Baune, Jean-François Mangin, Andrew M. McIntosh, Mar Fatjó-Vilas, Edouard Duchesnay, Eduard Vieta, Dan J. Stein, Stephen M. Lawrie, Paul M. Thompson, Fleur M. Howells, Elisa M T Melloni, Favre, P., Pauling, M., Stout, J., Hozer, F., Sarrazin, S., Abe, C., Alda, M., Alloza, C., Alonso-Lana, S., Andreassen, O. A., Baune, B. T., Benedetti, F., Busatto, G. F., Canales-Rodriguez, E. J., Caseras, X., Chaim-Avancini, T. M., Ching, C. R. K., Dannlowski, U., Deppe, M., Eyler, L. T., Fatjo-Vilas, M., Foley, S. F., Grotegerd, D., Hajek, T., Haukvik, U. K., Howells, F. M., Jahanshad, N., Kugel, H., Lagerberg, T. V., Lawrie, S. M., Linke, J. O., Mcintosh, A., Melloni, E. M. T., Mitchell, P. B., Polosan, M., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Repple, J., Roberts, G., Roos, A., Rosa, P. G. P., Salvador, R., Sarro, S., Schofield, P. R., Serpa, M. H., Sim, K., Stein, D. J., Sussmann, J. E., Temmingh, H. S., Thompson, P. M., Verdolini, N., Vieta, E., Wessa, M., Whalley, H. C., Zanetti, M. V., Leboyer, M., Mangin, J. -F., Henry, C., Duchesnay, E., and Houenou, J.
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Corpus callosum, Article, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fractional anisotropy, Cingulum (brain), Medicine, Manic-depressive illness, Bipolar disorder, Pharmacology, Trastorn bipolar, business.industry, Diagnostic markers, Anisotropia, Translational research, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Meta-analysis, Anisotropy, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI, Tractography
Abstract: Fronto-limbic white matter (WM) abnormalities are assumed to lie at the heart of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD);\ud however, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have reported heterogeneous results and it is not clear how the clinical\ud heterogeneity is related to the observed differences. This study aimed to identify WM abnormalities that differentiate patients with\ud BD from healthy controls (HC) in the largest DTI dataset of patients with BD to date, collected via the ENIGMA network. We gathered\ud individual tensor-derived regional metrics from 26 cohorts leading to a sample size of N = 3033 (1482 BD and 1551 HC). Mean\ud fractional anisotropy (FA) from 43 regions of interest (ROI) and average whole-brain FA were entered into univariate mega- and\ud meta-analyses to differentiate patients with BD from HC. Mega-analysis revealed significantly lower FA in patients with BD\ud compared with HC in 29 regions, with the highest effect sizes observed within the corpus callosum (R2 = 0.041, Pcorr < 0.001) and\ud cingulum (right: R2 = 0.041, left: R2 = 0.040, Pcorr < 0.001). Lithium medication, later onset and short disease duration were related to\ud higher FA along multiple ROIs. Results of the meta-analysis showed similar effects. We demonstrated widespread WM abnormalities\ud in BD and highlighted that altered WM connectivity within the corpus callosum and the cingulum are strongly associated with BD.\ud These brain abnormalities could represent a biomarker for use in the diagnosis of BD. Interactive three-dimensional visualization of the results is available at www.enigma-viewer.org.
Published: 2019

43. TEMPEST: A three-dimensional time-dependence computer program for hydrothermal analysis: Volume 1, Numerical methods and input instructions: Revision 2

Author: Eyler, L
Published: 1989
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44. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of settling and resuspension of solids in storage tanks with air injection recirculators

Author: Eyler, L
Published: 1984

45. A 3D approach to understanding heterogeneity in early developing autisms.

Author: Mandelli V, Severino I, Eyler L, Pierce K, Courchesne E, and Lombardo MV
Subjects: Humans, Child, Preschool, Female, Male, Child, Phenotype, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Autistic Disorder diagnostic imaging, Autistic Disorder diagnosis
Abstract: Background: Phenotypic heterogeneity in early language, intellectual, motor, and adaptive functioning (LIMA) features are amongst the most striking features that distinguish different types of autistic individuals. Yet the current diagnostic criteria uses a single label of autism and implicitly emphasizes what individuals have in common as core social-communicative and restricted repetitive behavior difficulties. Subtype labels based on the non-core LIMA features may help to more meaningfully distinguish types of autisms with differing developmental paths and differential underlying biology., Methods: Unsupervised data-driven subtypes were identified using stability-based relative clustering validation on publicly available Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) data (n = 615; age = 24-68 months) from the National Institute of Mental Health Data Archive (NDA). Differential developmental trajectories between subtypes were tested on longitudinal data from NDA and from an independent in-house dataset from UCSD. A subset of the UCSD dataset was also tested for subtype differences in functional and structural neuroimaging phenotypes and relationships with blood gene expression. The current subtyping model was also compared to early language outcome subtypes derived from past work., Results: Two autism subtypes can be identified based on early phenotypic LIMA features. These data-driven subtypes are robust in the population and can be identified in independent data with 98% accuracy. The subtypes can be described as Type I versus Type II autisms differentiated by relatively high versus low scores on LIMA features. These two types of autisms are also distinguished by different developmental trajectories over the first decade of life. Finally, these two types of autisms reveal striking differences in functional and structural neuroimaging phenotypes and their relationships with gene expression and may highlight unique biological mechanisms., Limitations: Sample sizes for the neuroimaging and gene expression dataset are relatively small and require further independent replication. The current work is also limited to subtyping based on MSEL and VABS phenotypic measures., Conclusions: This work emphasizes the potential importance of stratifying autism by a Type I versus Type II distinction focused on LIMA features and which may be of high prognostic and biological significance., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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46. Differences in regional brain structure in toddlers with autism are related to future language outcomes.

Author: Duan K, Eyler L, Pierce K, Lombardo MV, Datko M, Hagler DJ, Taluja V, Zahiri J, Campbell K, Barnes CC, Arias S, Nalabolu S, Troxel J, Ji P, and Courchesne E
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Child, Preschool, Infant, Language, Language Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Autistic Disorder pathology, Autistic Disorder diagnostic imaging
Abstract: Language and social symptoms improve with age in some autistic toddlers, but not in others, and such outcome differences are not clearly predictable from clinical scores alone. Here we aim to identify early-age brain alterations in autism that are prognostic of future language ability. Leveraging 372 longitudinal structural MRI scans from 166 autistic toddlers and 109 typical toddlers and controlling for brain size, we find that, compared to typical toddlers, autistic toddlers show differentially larger or thicker temporal and fusiform regions; smaller or thinner inferior frontal lobe and midline structures; larger callosal subregion volume; and smaller cerebellum. Most differences are replicated in an independent cohort of 75 toddlers. These brain alterations improve accuracy for predicting language outcome at 6-month follow-up beyond intake clinical and demographic variables. Temporal, fusiform, and inferior frontal alterations are related to autism symptom severity and cognitive impairments at early intake ages. Among autistic toddlers, brain alterations in social, language and face processing areas enhance the prediction of the child's future language ability., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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47. Measures of empathy and compassion: A scoping review.

Author: Vieten C, Rubanovich CK, Khatib L, Sprengel M, Tanega C, Polizzi C, Vahidi P, Malaktaris A, Chu G, Lang AJ, Tai-Seale M, Eyler L, and Bloss C
Subjects: Psychometrics, Empathy, Mindfulness
Abstract: Evidence to date indicates that compassion and empathy are health-enhancing qualities. Research points to interventions and practices involving compassion and empathy being beneficial, as well as being salient outcomes of contemplative practices such as mindfulness. Advancing the science of compassion and empathy requires that we select measures best suited to evaluating effectiveness of training and answering research questions. The objective of this scoping review was to 1) determine what instruments are currently available for measuring empathy and compassion, 2) assess how and to what extent they have been validated, and 3) provide an online tool to assist researchers and program evaluators in selecting appropriate measures for their settings and populations. A scoping review and broad evidence map were employed to systematically search and present an overview of the large and diverse body of literature pertaining to measuring compassion and empathy. A search string yielded 19,446 articles, and screening resulted in 559 measure development or validation articles reporting on 503 measures focusing on or containing subscales designed to measure empathy and/or compassion. For each measure, we identified the type of measure, construct being measured, in what context or population it was validated, response set, sample items, and how many different types of psychometrics had been assessed for that measure. We provide tables summarizing these data, as well as an open-source online interactive data visualization allowing viewers to search for measures of empathy and compassion, review their basic qualities, and access original citations containing more detail. Finally, we provide a rubric to help readers determine which measure(s) might best fit their context., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Vieten et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2024
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48. Language, Social, and Face Regions Are Affected in Toddlers with Autism and Predictive of Language Outcome.

Author: Duan K, Eyler L, Pierce K, Lombardo M, Datko M, Hagler D, Taluja V, Zahiri J, Campbell K, Barnes C, Arias S, Nalabolu S, Troxel J, and Courchesne E
Abstract: Identifying prognostic early brain alterations is crucial for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Leveraging structural MRI data from 166 ASD and 109 typical developing (TD) toddlers and controlling for brain size, we found that, compared to TD, ASD toddlers showed larger or thicker lateral temporal regions; smaller or thinner frontal lobe and midline structures; larger callosal subregion volume; and smaller cerebellum. Most of these differences were replicated in an independent cohort of 38 ASD and 37 TD toddlers. Moreover, the identified brain alterations were related to ASD symptom severity and cognitive impairments at intake, and, remarkably, they improved the accuracy for predicting later language outcome beyond intake clinical and demographic variables. In summary, brain regions involved in language, social, and face processing were altered in ASD toddlers. These early-age brain alterations may be the result of dysregulation in multiple neural processes and stages and are promising prognostic biomarkers for future language ability., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors report no competing interests.
Published: 2023
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49. Comparing continuous and harmonized measures of depression severity in older adults with bipolar disorder: Relationship to functioning.

Author: Orhan M, Millett C, Klaus F, Blumberg HP, Briggs F, Chung KH, Korten N, McManus K, van Oppen P, Patrick RE, Sarna K, Sutherland A, Tsai SY, Villa LM, Yala J, Sajatovic M, Burdick KE, Eyler L, and Dols A
Subjects: Aged, Aging, Depression diagnosis, Depression epidemiology, Humans, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Bipolar Disorder diagnosis
Abstract: Objective: Harmonizing different depression severity scales often requires creation of categorical variables that may decrease the sensitivity of the measure. Our aim was to compare the associations between categorical and continuous and harmonized measures of depression and global functioning in a large dataset of older age patients with bipolar disorder (OABD)., Method: In the Global Aging & Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder Database (GAGE-BD) the 17-item Hamilton Depression scale (HAM-D), Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) or the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scales (CES-D) was used to assess current depressive symptoms, while the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) assessed functional status. Data were harmonized from 8 OABD studies (n = 582). In each subsample, the relationship of depression severity as a continuous and categorical measure was compared to GAF. In the total sample, harmonized ordinal depression categories were compared to GAF., Results: Effect size and variance explained by the model for the categorical measure in the total sample was higher than both the categorical and continuous measure in the CES-D subsample, higher than the categorical but lower than the continuous measure in the HAM-D subsample, and lower than both the categorical and continuous measures in the MADRS subsample., Limitations: All included studies have different inclusion and exclusion criteria, study designs, and differ in aspects of sociodemographic variables., Conclusions: Associations were only slightly larger for the continuous vs categorical measures of depression scales. Harmonizing different depression scales into ordinal categories for analyses is feasible without losing statistical power., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Published: 2022
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50. Learning to Practice Compassionate Care: Medical Students Discuss Their Most Memorable Lessons.

Author: Schairer CE, Tutjer J, Cannavino C, Mobley WC, Eyler L, and Bloss CS
Abstract: Compassion in interactions between physicians and patients can have a therapeutic effect independent of the technical medical treatment provided. However, training physicians to effectively communicate compassion is challenging. This study explores how medical students experienced training focused on interacting with patients by examining students' reports of particularly memorable lessons. Six focus groups were conducted with medical students (total n = 48) in their fourth year of training. We report on responses from students to the question, "What was the most memorable lesson you have learned about interacting with patients?" Students discussed lessons aimed at patient-centered physical navigation, interpersonal navigation, and perspective taking. Concerns were raised that navigation techniques felt inauthentic and that perspective taking was too time consuming to be sustainable in actual practice. While perspective-taking exercises should motivate medical students to treat every patient with dignity by demonstrating the complexity of others' lives, if students assume that full understanding is a prerequisite to delivery of compassionate care, they may dismiss explicit techniques of patient-centered care as inauthentic and perceive compassion and efficiency as mutually exclusive., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
Published: 2022
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