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Simple Summary: Ammonia (NH3) is recognized as the most abundant toxic gas in poultry houses, and broilers subjected to elevated NH3 levels have exhibited negative effects on their growth, immunity, and respiratory systems. The objective of this research was to investigate the in ovo feeding of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) on the post-hatch performance and corneal erosion incidence in Ross 708 broilers exposed to 50 ppm of atmospheric NH3. The 4 in ovo treatments that were applied at 17 days of incubation were: non-injected (control), saline-injected (control), or saline containing 12 or 25 mg of L-AA. It was found that the in ovo injection of 12 mg of L-AA improved live performance and lowered corneal erosion incidence relative to those injected with saline. In conclusion, the in ovo administration of 12 mg of L-AA may overcome the negative effects of high atmospheric NH3 concentrations on broiler live performance and corneal erosion incidence. Further research is needed to determine the physiological and immunological mechanisms that may be involved in the aforementioned improvements in broilers subjected to chronic exposures to elevated levels of atmospheric NH3. Effects of the in ovo injection of various levels of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) on the performance and corneal erosion incidence in Ross 708 broilers exposed to 50 parts per million (ppm) of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) after hatch were determined. A total of 1440 Ross 708 broiler embryos were randomly assigned to 4 treatments: non-injected (control), 0.85% sterile saline-injected (control), or saline containing 12 or 25 mg of L-AA. At hatch, 12 male chicks were randomly assigned to each of 48 battery cages with 12 replicate cages randomly assigned to each treatment group. All birds were exposed to 50 ppm of NH3 for 35 d and the concentration of NH3 in the battery cage house was recorded every 20 s. Mortality was determined daily, and mean body weight (BW), BW gain (BWG), average daily BW gain (ADG), and feed intake, as well as feed conversion ratio (FCR), were determined weekly. From 0 to 35 d of post-hatch age (doa), six birds from each cage were selected and sampled for eye erosion scoring. Incidences of corneal erosion were significantly higher at 21 and 28 doa in comparison to those at 14 and 35 doa, and at 21 doa, birds in the saline-injected group exhibited a higher incidence of corneal erosion compared to all other treatment groups. The in ovo injection of 12 mg of L-AA increased BWG (p = 0.043) and ADG (p = 0.041), and decreased FCR (p = 0.043) from 0 to 28 doa in comparison to saline-injected controls. In conclusion the in ovo administration of 12 mg of L-AA may have the potential to improve the live performance of broilers chronically exposed to high aerial NH3 concentrations, but further study is needed to determine the physiological and immunological factors that may contribute to this improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behçet’s disease is a rare vasculitis of unknown aetiology though there is a strong genetic association with HLA-B51 characteristically targets small arteries and venules. Multiple deep oral ulcer and genital ulcer is a common presentation. Ocular involvement is also commonly occurs in the form of anterior or posterior uveitis or retinal vasculitis. Neurological manifestation occurs in the form of brainstem or pyramidal tract symptom.Thrombosis can occur but renal involvement is unlikely. Our patient Mrs X, 47 year old has been suffering from recurrent episode of oral ulcer, genital ulcer, redness of eye and dysphagia for the last 12 years.T here was relapse and remission of the symptoms. Her Ophthalmoscopic examination was normal. Upper GI endoscopy revealed multiple esophageal ulcers. ANA, Anti CCP, cANCA, pANCA, HSV 1&2- IgM, CMV- IgM,TPHA,Anti -HIV 1&2 were negative. She was treated with oral steroid and azathioprine and all the lesions resolved completely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Respiratory cysts are benign lesions lined by normal respiratory epithelium. There are few reported cases localized to the orbit, while those of the eyelid are exceedingly rare. Respiratory cysts usually arise either from a non‐hereditary congenital malformation, where they are distinguished as choristomatous, or from trauma. Here, we report a case of a 53‐year‐old man who presented with a large right lower eyelid cyst that was histopathologically diagnosed as a respiratory cyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Eye lesions during surgery are rare. Its common causes include direct trauma, chemical damage, and corneal exposure. Eye discomfort may present after surgery in the absence of structural damage. In our hospital, every patient under general anesthesia receives eye protection with eye occlusion associated in most cases with ophthalmic ointment application. We aim to analyze the incidence of eye discomfort with 0.2% carbomer application., Methods: A cohort study was conducted. Patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia lasting less than 4h between February and November 2017 were enrolled. We excluded patients with previous ophthalmologic pathology, those undergoing eye, otolaryngology, face or head surgery, and patients in which eye occlusion was not possible. For analysis, patients were divided into two groups: simple eyelid occlusion (Group 1) and eyelid occlusion plus ophthalmic ointment (Group 2). Primary outcome was the incidence of eye discomfort and secondary outcomes were to stablish associated risk factors., Results: 400 patients were analyzed, 50% were exposed to 0.2% carbomer. There was no difference in patients' demographics. During the first 24h post-surgery 7.25% of patients showed visual symptoms, and at one-week postoperative no patient referred symptoms. Most frequent symptoms were blurry vision, pruritus, epiphora and red-eye. On multivariate analysis, the main risk factor associated with eye discomfort was 0.2% carbomer application (RR 13.5 CI 3.27-56.2). Emergent surgery and age were also found to be risk factors., Conclusion: 0.2% carbomer does not prevent ophthalmologic symptoms after surgery and it may even increase them in short procedures., (Copyright © 2021 Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Abstract: Ligneous conjunctivitis is a severe and rare chronic “idiopathic membraneous” conjunctivitis, characterized by the formation of pseudomembranes mostly on the palpebral surfaces that progressively replace the normal mucosa. Evidence has been provided that ligneous conjunctivitis is caused by a severe systemic plasminogen deficiency with decreased plasminogen antigen and decreased plasminogen functional activities. Objective of the present study is to verify the hypothesis that a topical eye application of plasminogen is able to ameliorate the consequences of this disease. Here we report the results of pre-clinical studies performed to investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of an eye-drop plasminogen preparation in B6.129P2-Plgtm1Jld transgenic mice, a model of ligneous conjunctivitis. The entity of protection mediated by plasminogen was evaluated by measuring the extent of the eye lesion by means of a computerized system and dedicated software. The results of the present study clearly showed that the administration for six times a day of plasminogen eye-drop solution in the lesioned eye of animals knock-out for plasminogen gene and developing ligneous conjunctivitis caused a dose and time related reduction of the extent of the ocular lesion. These findings may pave the road for the pharmacological treatment of the ocular lesion associated to the ligneous conjunctivitis that at the present is surgically treated by removing the pseudomembranes generated on the eye. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]