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1. Dung beetle assemblages, dung removal and secondary seed dispersal: data from a large-scale, multi-site experiment in the Western Palaearctic

Author

Milotić, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Müller, Jörg, Noriega, Jorge A., Menendez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, Ádám, Réka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Jörn, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Hauso, Marie, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Märt, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Ardali, Elham Omidzadeh, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Iraj, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, László, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, and Hoffmann, Maurice

Subjects
Dung beetles, ecosystem functioning, functional diversity, multi-site experiments
Abstract

By manipulating faeces during feeding and breeding, dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) fulfil important ecosystem functions in terrestrial ecosystems throughout the world. In a pan-European multi-site experiment (MSE), we estimated the ecosystem functions of dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by differing combinations of dung beetle functional groups. Therefore, we classified dung beetles into five functional groups according to their body size and dung manipulation method: dwellers, large and small tunnelers, and large and small rollers. Furthermore, we set up a dung beetle sampling database containing all sampled dung beetles during the project. By identifying dung beetle specimens to the species level, we obtained a detailed insight into the dung beetle communities at each study location.By establishing experimental plots allowing and inhibiting specific combinations of functional groups in the local dung beetle assemblage from removing dung and seeds, we estimated the role of each group in dung removal and secondary seed dispersal during a 4-week period. We performed all experiments in grazed (semi-)natural grasslands, and used different dung types (cattle, horse, sheep, goat or red deer) to match the herbivore species grazing in close vicinity of each of the study areas. Simultaneously, we sampled dung beetle assemblages by using pitfalls baited with the same dung types as used in the experiments.This data paper documents two datasets collected in the framework of this MSE project. All the experiments took place between 2013 and 2016 at 17 study sites in 10 countries and 11 biogeographic zones. The entire dung beetle sampling dataset was published as a sampling event dataset at GBIF. The dataset includes the sampling results of all 17 study sites, which contain 1,050 sampling events and 4,362 occurrence records of 94 species. The second dataset contains the results of the dung removal and secondary seed dispersal experiments in which we used 11 experimental treatments and the five dung types mentioned above. This experimental results dataset holds all experimental results of the MSE project (11,537 records), and was published in the online data repository Zenodo.

Published
2018

12. Seed dispersal by ungulates as an ecological filter: a trait-based meta-analysis

Author

Albert, Aurélie, Auffret, Alistair G., Cosyns, Eric, Cousins, Sara A. O., Dʼhondt, Bram, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heinken, Thilo, Hoffmann, Maurice, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Malo, Juan E., Mårell, Anders, Mouissie, Maarten, Pakeman, Robin J., Picard, Mélanie, Plue, Jan, Poschlod, Peter, Provoost, Sam, Schulze, Kiowa Alraune, and Baltzinger, Christophe

Published
2015
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15. Managing oil palm plantations more sustainably: large-scale experiments within the biodiversity and ecosystem function in tropical agriculture (BEFTA) programme

Author

Luke, Sarah H., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Agung Ketut Aryawan, Anak, Nugroho Adhy, Dwi, Ashton-Butt, Adham, Barclay, Holly, Prajna Dewi, Jassica, Drewer, Julia, Dumbrell, Alex J., Eycott, Amy E., Harianja, Martina F., Hinsch, Julie K., Hood, Amelia S. C., Kurniawan, Candra, Kurz, David J., Mann, Darren J., Matthews Nicholass, Kirsty J., Naim, Mohammad, Pashkevich, Michael D., Prescott, Graham W., Ps, Sudharto, Purnomo, Dedi, Purwoko, Rizky Rajabillah, Putra, Syafrisar, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Spear, Dakota M., Tan, David J. X., Tao, Hsiao-Hang, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Waters, Helen S., Harto Widodo, Rudi, Woodham, Christopher R., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Slade, Eleanor M., Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.

Abstract

Conversion of tropical forest to agriculture results in reduced habitat heterogeneity, and associated declines in biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Management strategies to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes have therefore often focused on increasing habitat complexity; however, the large-scale, long-term ecological experiments that are needed to test the effects of these strategies are rare in tropical systems. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)—one of the most widespread and important tropical crops—offers substantial potential for developing wildlife-friendly management strategies because of its long rotation cycles and tree-like structure. Although there is awareness of the need to increase sustainability, practical options for how best to manage oil palm plantations, for benefits to both the environment and crop productivity, have received little research attention. In this paper we introduce the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme: a long-term research collaboration between academia and industry in Sumatra, Indonesia. The BEFTA Programme aims to better understand the oil palm agroecosystem and test sustainability strategies. We hypothesise that adjustments to oil palm management could increase structural complexity, stabilise microclimate, and reduce reliance on chemical inputs, thereby helping to improve levels of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. The Programme has established four major components: (1) assessing variability within the plantation under business-as-usual conditions; (2) the BEFTA Understory Vegetation Project, which tests the effects of varying herbicide regimes; (3) the Riparian Ecosystem Restoration in Tropical Agriculture (RERTA) Project, which tests strategies for restoring riparian habitat; and (4) support for additional collaborative projects within the Programme landscape. Across all projects, we are measuring environmental conditions, biodiversity, and ecosystem functions. We also measure oil palm yield and production costs, in order to assess whether suggested sustainability strategies are feasible from an agronomic perspective. Early results show that oil palm plantation habitat is more variable than might be expected from a monoculture crop, and that everyday vegetation management decisions have significant impacts on habitat structure. The BEFTA Programme highlights the value of large-scale collaborative projects for understanding tropical agricultural systems, and offers a highly valuable experimental set-up for improving our understanding of practices to manage oil palm more sustainably.

Published
2020

16. The handbook for standardized field and laboratory measurements in terrestrial climate change experiments and observational studies (ClimEx)

Author

Halbritter, Aud H, De Boeck, Hans J, Eycott, Amy E, Reinsch, Sabine, Robinson, David A, Vicca, Sara, Berauer, Bernd, Christiansen, Casper T, Estiarte, Marc, Grünzweig, José M, Gya, Ragnhild, Hansen, Karin, Jentsch, Anke, Lee, Hanna, Linder, Sune, Marshall, John, Peñuelas, Josep, Kappel Schmidt, Inger, Stuart‐Haëntjens, Ellen, Wilfahrt, Peter, Halliday, Fletcher W, et al, Vandvik, Vigdis, Environmental Sciences, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, University of Zurich, Freckleton, Robert, and Halbritter, Aud H

Subjects
ecosystem, coordinated experiments, Ecology, Evolution, best practice, methodology, experimental macroecology, data management and documentation, 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Ecological Modelling, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2302 Ecological Modeling, Behavior and Systematics, vegetation, open science, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology)
Abstract

Climate change is a world-wide threat to biodiversity and ecosystem structure, functioning and services. To understand the underlying drivers and mechanisms, and to predict the consequences for nature and people, we urgently need better understanding of the direction and magnitude of climate change impacts across the soil?plant?atmosphere continuum. An increasing number of climate change studies are creating new opportunities for meaningful and high-quality generalizations and improved process understanding. However, significant challenges exist related to data availability and/or compatibility across studies, compromising opportunities for data re-use, synthesis and upscaling. Many of these challenges relate to a lack of an established ?best practice? for measuring key impacts and responses. This restrains our current understanding of complex processes and mechanisms in terrestrial ecosystems related to climate change. To overcome these challenges, we collected best-practice methods emerging from major ecological research networks and experiments, as synthesized by 115 experts from across a wide range of scientific disciplines. Our handbook contains guidance on the selection of response variables for different purposes, protocols for standardized measurements of 66 such response variables and advice on data management. Specifically, we recommend a minimum subset of variables that should be collected in all climate change studies to allow data re-use and synthesis, and give guidance on additional variables critical for different types of synthesis and upscaling. The goal of this community effort is to facilitate awareness of the importance and broader application of standardized methods to promote data re-use, availability, compatibility and transparency. We envision improved research practices that will increase returns on investments in individual research projects, facilitate second-order research outputs and create opportunities for collaboration across scientific communities. Ultimately, this should significantly improve the quality and impact of the science, which is required to fulfil society's needs in a changing world.

Published
2020

17. The handbook for standardized field and laboratory measurements in terrestrial climate change experiments and observational studies (ClimEx)

Author

Environmental Sciences, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Halbritter, Aud H., De Boeck, Hans J., Eycott, Amy E., Reinsch, Sabine, Robinson, David A., Vicca, Sara, Berauer, Bernd, Christiansen, Casper T., Estiarte, Marc, Grünzweig, José M., Gya, Ragnhild, Hansen, Karin, Jentsch, Anke, Lee, Hanna, Linder, Sune, Marshall, John, Peñuelas, Josep, Kappel Schmidt, Inger, Stuart-Haëntjens, Ellen, Wilfahrt, Peter, Group, the ClimMani Working, Vandvik, Vigdis, te Beest, M., Environmental Sciences, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Halbritter, Aud H., De Boeck, Hans J., Eycott, Amy E., Reinsch, Sabine, Robinson, David A., Vicca, Sara, Berauer, Bernd, Christiansen, Casper T., Estiarte, Marc, Grünzweig, José M., Gya, Ragnhild, Hansen, Karin, Jentsch, Anke, Lee, Hanna, Linder, Sune, Marshall, John, Peñuelas, Josep, Kappel Schmidt, Inger, Stuart-Haëntjens, Ellen, Wilfahrt, Peter, Group, the ClimMani Working, Vandvik, Vigdis, and te Beest, M.

Published
2020

18. The handbook for standardized field and laboratory measurements in terrestrial climate change experiments and observational studies (ClimEx)

Author

Halbritter, Aud H., De Boeck, Hans J., Eycott, Amy E., Reinsch, Sabine, Robinson, David A., Vicca, Sara, Berauer, Bernd, Christiansen, Casper T., Estiarte, Marc, Grunzweig, Jose M., Gya, Ragnhild, Hansen, Karin, Jentsch, Anke, Lee, Hanna, Linder, Sune, Marshall, John, Penuelas, Josep, Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Stuart-Haentjens, Ellen, Wilfahrt, Peter, Vandvik, Vigdis, Abrantes, Nelson, Almagro, Maria, Althuizen, Inge H. J., Barrio, Isabel C., te Beest, Mariska, Beier, Claus, Beil, Ilka, Berry, Z. Carter, Birkemoe, Tone, Bjerke, Jarle W., Blonder, Benjamin, Blume-Werry, Gesche, Bohrer, Gil, Campos, Isabel, Cernusak, Lucas A., Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Cosby, Bernhard J., Dickman, Lee T., Djukic, Ika, Filella, Iolanda, Fuchslueger, Lucia, Gargallo-Garriga, Albert, Gillespie, Mark A. K., Goldsmith, Gregory R., Gough, Christopher, Halliday, Fletcher W., Hegland, Stein Joar, Hoch, Guenter, Holub, Petr, Jaroszynska, Francesca, Johnson, Daniel M., Jones, Scott B., Kardol, Paul, Keizer, Jan J., Klem, Karel, Konestabo, Heidi S., Kreyling, Juergen, Kroel-Dulay, Gyorgy, Landhausser, Simon M., Larsen, Klaus S., Leblans, Niki, Lebron, Inma, Lehmann, Marco M., Lembrechts, Jonas J., Lenz, Armando, Linstaedter, Anja, Llusia, Joan, Macias-Fauria, Marc, Malyshev, Andrey, V, Mand, Pille, Marshall, Miles, Matheny, Ashley M., McDowell, Nate, Meier, Ina C., Meinzer, Frederick C., Michaletz, Sean T., Miller, Megan L., Muffler, Lena, Oravec, Michal, Ostonen, Ivika, Porcar-Castell, Albert, Preece, Catherine, Prentice, Iain C., Radujkovic, Dajana, Ravolainen, Virve, Ribbons, Relena, Ruppert, Jan C., Sack, Lawren, Sardans, Jordi, Schindlbacher, Andreas, Scoffoni, Christine, Sigurdsson, Bjarni D., Smart, Simon, Smith, Stuart W., Soper, Fiona, Speed, James D. M., Sverdrup-Thygeson, Anne, Sydenham, Markus A. K., Taghizadeh-Toosi, Arezoo, Telford, Richard J., Tielboerger, Katja, Topper, Joachim P., Urban, Otmar, van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Langenhove, Leandro, Vecerova, Kristyna, Ven, Arne, Verbruggen, Erik, Vik, Unni, Weigel, Robert, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Wood, Lauren K., Zinnert, Julie, Zurba, Kamal, Halbritter, Aud H., De Boeck, Hans J., Eycott, Amy E., Reinsch, Sabine, Robinson, David A., Vicca, Sara, Berauer, Bernd, Christiansen, Casper T., Estiarte, Marc, Grunzweig, Jose M., Gya, Ragnhild, Hansen, Karin, Jentsch, Anke, Lee, Hanna, Linder, Sune, Marshall, John, Penuelas, Josep, Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Stuart-Haentjens, Ellen, Wilfahrt, Peter, Vandvik, Vigdis, Abrantes, Nelson, Almagro, Maria, Althuizen, Inge H. J., Barrio, Isabel C., te Beest, Mariska, Beier, Claus, Beil, Ilka, Berry, Z. Carter, Birkemoe, Tone, Bjerke, Jarle W., Blonder, Benjamin, Blume-Werry, Gesche, Bohrer, Gil, Campos, Isabel, Cernusak, Lucas A., Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Cosby, Bernhard J., Dickman, Lee T., Djukic, Ika, Filella, Iolanda, Fuchslueger, Lucia, Gargallo-Garriga, Albert, Gillespie, Mark A. K., Goldsmith, Gregory R., Gough, Christopher, Halliday, Fletcher W., Hegland, Stein Joar, Hoch, Guenter, Holub, Petr, Jaroszynska, Francesca, Johnson, Daniel M., Jones, Scott B., Kardol, Paul, Keizer, Jan J., Klem, Karel, Konestabo, Heidi S., Kreyling, Juergen, Kroel-Dulay, Gyorgy, Landhausser, Simon M., Larsen, Klaus S., Leblans, Niki, Lebron, Inma, Lehmann, Marco M., Lembrechts, Jonas J., Lenz, Armando, Linstaedter, Anja, Llusia, Joan, Macias-Fauria, Marc, Malyshev, Andrey, V, Mand, Pille, Marshall, Miles, Matheny, Ashley M., McDowell, Nate, Meier, Ina C., Meinzer, Frederick C., Michaletz, Sean T., Miller, Megan L., Muffler, Lena, Oravec, Michal, Ostonen, Ivika, Porcar-Castell, Albert, Preece, Catherine, Prentice, Iain C., Radujkovic, Dajana, Ravolainen, Virve, Ribbons, Relena, Ruppert, Jan C., Sack, Lawren, Sardans, Jordi, Schindlbacher, Andreas, Scoffoni, Christine, Sigurdsson, Bjarni D., Smart, Simon, Smith, Stuart W., Soper, Fiona, Speed, James D. M., Sverdrup-Thygeson, Anne, Sydenham, Markus A. K., Taghizadeh-Toosi, Arezoo, Telford, Richard J., Tielboerger, Katja, Topper, Joachim P., Urban, Otmar, van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Langenhove, Leandro, Vecerova, Kristyna, Ven, Arne, Verbruggen, Erik, Vik, Unni, Weigel, Robert, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Wood, Lauren K., Zinnert, Julie, and Zurba, Kamal

Abstract

Climate change is a world-wide threat to biodiversity and ecosystem structure, functioning and services. To understand the underlying drivers and mechanisms, and to predict the consequences for nature and people, we urgently need better understanding of the direction and magnitude of climate change impacts across the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. An increasing number of climate change studies are creating new opportunities for meaningful and high-quality generalizations and improved process understanding. However, significant challenges exist related to data availability and/or compatibility across studies, compromising opportunities for data re-use, synthesis and upscaling. Many of these challenges relate to a lack of an established 'best practice' for measuring key impacts and responses. This restrains our current understanding of complex processes and mechanisms in terrestrial ecosystems related to climate change. To overcome these challenges, we collected best-practice methods emerging from major ecological research networks and experiments, as synthesized by 115 experts from across a wide range of scientific disciplines. Our handbook contains guidance on the selection of response variables for different purposes, protocols for standardized measurements of 66 such response variables and advice on data management. Specifically, we recommend a minimum subset of variables that should be collected in all climate change studies to allow data re-use and synthesis, and give guidance on additional variables critical for different types of synthesis and upscaling. The goal of this community effort is to facilitate awareness of the importance and broader application of standardized methods to promote data re-use, availability, compatibility and transparency. We envision improved research practices that will increase returns on investments in individual research projects, facilitate second-order research outputs and create opportunities for collaboration across scientif

Published
2020

19. Complexity within an oil palm monoculture:The effects of habitat variability and rainfall on adult dragonfly (Odonata) communities

Author

Luke, Sarah H., Dwi Advento, Andreas, Dow, Rory A., Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Barclay, Holly, Eycott, Amy E., Hinsch, Julie K., Kurniawan, Candra, Naim, Mohammad, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar Siguga, Slade, Eleanor M., Soeprapto, Ps, Sudharto, Suhardi, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Widodo, Rudy Harto, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., Turner, Edgar C., Luke, Sarah H., Dwi Advento, Andreas, Dow, Rory A., Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Barclay, Holly, Eycott, Amy E., Hinsch, Julie K., Kurniawan, Candra, Naim, Mohammad, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar Siguga, Slade, Eleanor M., Soeprapto, Ps, Sudharto, Suhardi, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Widodo, Rudy Harto, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.

Abstract

Recent expansion of oil palm agriculture has resulted in loss of forest habitat and forest-dependent species. However, large numbers of species—particularly insects—can persist within plantations. This study focuses on Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies): a charismatic indicator taxon and a potentially valuable pest control agent. We surveyed adult Odonata populations biannually over three years within an industrial oil palm plantation in Sumatra, Indonesia. We assessed the effects of rainfall (including an El Niño Southern Oscillation-associated drought), the role of roadside ditches, and the importance of understory vegetation on Odonata populations. To assess the impacts of vegetation, we took advantage of a long-term vegetation management experiment that is part of the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme. We found 41 Odonata species, and communities varied between plantation core and roadside edge microhabitats, and between seasons. Abundance was significantly related to rainfall levels four months before surveys, probably indicating the importance of high water levels in roadside ditches for successful larval development. We found no significant effect of the BEFTA understory vegetation treatments on Odonata abundance, and only limited effects on community composition, suggesting that local understory vegetation structure plays a relatively unimportant role in determining communities. Our findings highlight that there are large numbers of Odonata species present within oil palm plantations and suggest that their abundance could potentially be increased by maintaining or establishing waterbodies. As Odonata are predators, this could bring pest control benefits, in addition to enhancing biodiversity within intensive agricultural landscapes. Abstract in Indonesian is available with online material.

Published
2020

20. Managing Oil Palm Plantations More Sustainably:Large-Scale Experiments Within the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme

Author

Luke, Sarah H., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Adhy, Dwi Nugroho, Ashton-Butt, Adham, Barclay, Holly, Dewi, Jassica Prajna, Drewer, Julia, Dumbrell, Alex J., Edi, Eycott, Amy E., Harianja, Martina F., Hinsch, Julie K., Hood, Amelia S. C., Kurniawan, Candra, Kurz, David J., Mann, Darren J., Nicholass, Kirsty J. Matthews, Naim, Mohammad, Pashkevich, Michael D., Prescott, Graham W., Ps, Sudharto, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Purwoko, Rizky Rajabillah, Putra, Syafrisar, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Soeprapto, Spear, Dakota M., Suhardi, Tan, David J. X., Tao, Hsiao-Hang, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Waters, Helen S., Widodo, Rudi Harto, Whendy, Woodham, Christopher R., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Slade, Eleanor M., Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., Turner, Edgar C., Luke, Sarah H., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Adhy, Dwi Nugroho, Ashton-Butt, Adham, Barclay, Holly, Dewi, Jassica Prajna, Drewer, Julia, Dumbrell, Alex J., Edi, Eycott, Amy E., Harianja, Martina F., Hinsch, Julie K., Hood, Amelia S. C., Kurniawan, Candra, Kurz, David J., Mann, Darren J., Nicholass, Kirsty J. Matthews, Naim, Mohammad, Pashkevich, Michael D., Prescott, Graham W., Ps, Sudharto, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Purwoko, Rizky Rajabillah, Putra, Syafrisar, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Soeprapto, Spear, Dakota M., Suhardi, Tan, David J. X., Tao, Hsiao-Hang, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Waters, Helen S., Widodo, Rudi Harto, Whendy, Woodham, Christopher R., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Slade, Eleanor M., Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.

Published
2020

21. The handbook for standardized field and laboratory measurements in terrestrial climate change experiments and observational studies (ClimEx)

Author

Freckleton, Robert, Freckleton, R ( Robert ), Halbritter, Aud H; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-6328, De Boeck, Hans J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2180-8837, Eycott, Amy E; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-1091, Reinsch, Sabine; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-0677, Robinson, David A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-4867, Vicca, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9812-5837, Berauer, Bernd; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9472-1532, Christiansen, Casper T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-614X, Estiarte, Marc; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1176-8480, Grünzweig, José M, Gya, Ragnhild, Hansen, Karin, Jentsch, Anke; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2345-8300, Lee, Hanna; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2003-4377, Linder, Sune; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-5422, Marshall, John, Peñuelas, Josep; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7215-0150, Kappel Schmidt, Inger; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-2060, Stuart‐Haëntjens, Ellen; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-7643, Wilfahrt, Peter; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-6512, Halliday, Fletcher W; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-0861, et al, Vandvik, Vigdis; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-4798, Freckleton, Robert, Freckleton, R ( Robert ), Halbritter, Aud H; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-6328, De Boeck, Hans J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2180-8837, Eycott, Amy E; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-1091, Reinsch, Sabine; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-0677, Robinson, David A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-4867, Vicca, Sara; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9812-5837, Berauer, Bernd; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9472-1532, Christiansen, Casper T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-614X, Estiarte, Marc; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1176-8480, Grünzweig, José M, Gya, Ragnhild, Hansen, Karin, Jentsch, Anke; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2345-8300, Lee, Hanna; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2003-4377, Linder, Sune; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-5422, Marshall, John, Peñuelas, Josep; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7215-0150, Kappel Schmidt, Inger; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-2060, Stuart‐Haëntjens, Ellen; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-7643, Wilfahrt, Peter; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-6512, Halliday, Fletcher W; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-0861, et al, and Vandvik, Vigdis; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-4798

Abstract

Climate change is a world‐wide threat to biodiversity and ecosystem structure, functioning and services. To understand the underlying drivers and mechanisms, and to predict the consequences for nature and people, we urgently need better understanding of the direction and magnitude of climate change impacts across the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum. An increasing number of climate change studies are creating new opportunities for meaningful and high‐quality generalizations and improved process understanding. However, significant challenges exist related to data availability and/or compatibility across studies, compromising opportunities for data re‐use, synthesis and upscaling. Many of these challenges relate to a lack of an established ‘best practice’ for measuring key impacts and responses. This restrains our current understanding of complex processes and mechanisms in terrestrial ecosystems related to climate change. To overcome these challenges, we collected best‐practice methods emerging from major ecological research networks and experiments, as synthesized by 115 experts from across a wide range of scientific disciplines. Our handbook contains guidance on the selection of response variables for different purposes, protocols for standardized measurements of 66 such response variables and advice on data management. Specifically, we recommend a minimum subset of variables that should be collected in all climate change studies to allow data re‐use and synthesis, and give guidance on additional variables critical for different types of synthesis and upscaling. The goal of this community effort is to facilitate awareness of the importance and broader application of standardized methods to promote data re‐use, availability, compatibility and transparency. We envision improved research practices that will increase returns on investments in individual research projects, facilitate second‐order research outputs and create opportunities for collaboration across scientif

Published
2020

22. Resilience of ecological functions to drought in an oil palm agroecosystem

Author

Eycott, Amy E., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Waters, Helen S., Luke, Sarah H., Agang Ketut Aryawan, Anak, Hood, Amelia S. C., Naim, Mohammad, Ps, Sudharto, Purnomo, Pujianto Dedi, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Suhardi, Soeprapto, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Harto Widodo, Rudi, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.

Subjects
food and beverages
Abstract

Oil palm is a major habitat in the tropics. It is highly productive and contributes substantially to the economies of producing countries, but its expansion has caused widespread deforestation, with negative consequences for biodiversity. Such biodiversity losses may have substantial impacts on ecosystem functions within oil palm and resilience of functions to changing rainfall patterns, with impacts on yield. However, although the direct effects of water deficit on yield have been studied, little work has investigated ecosystem processes within plantations or the resilience of functions to changing rainfall. We conducted ecosystem function experiments within mature oil palm at the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme site in Sumatra, Indonesia. We measured rates of leaf litter decomposition, seed removal, mealworm predation, and herbivory at multiple time points spanning the 2015–2016 El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event that caused widespread drought within Southeast Asia. We found that mealworm predation, seed removal, and decomposition rates were high, whilst herbivory levels were low, indicating a healthy ecosystem with high levels of pest control and organic matter breakdown. Exclusion tests showed that the presence of invertebrates was associated with higher levels of seed removal and decomposition and the presence of vertebrates with higher predation. All functions were relatively robust to changes in rainfall. Yet, whilst seed removal and herbivory did not alter with rainfall, decomposition and predation showed more complex effects, with levels of both processes increasing with current rainfall levels when rainfall in preceding time periods was low. This suggests that both processes are resilient to change and able to recover following drought. Our results indicate that the ecosystem processes measured within oil palm plantations are healthy and resilient to changing rainfall patterns. This is hopeful and suggests that the crop may be fairly robust to future changes in precipitation.

Published
2019

23. Functionally richer communities improve ecosystem functioning : dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles in the Western Palaearctic

Author

Milotic, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Mueller, Joerg, Noriega, Jorge A., Menendez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, Adam, Reka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Joern, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Mart, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Ardali, Elham, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Iraj, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, Laszlo, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, Hoffmann, Maurice, Milotic, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Mueller, Joerg, Noriega, Jorge A., Menendez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, Adam, Reka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Joern, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Mart, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Ardali, Elham, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Iraj, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, Laszlo, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, and Hoffmann, Maurice

Abstract

Aim: In several ecosystems, the diversity of functional species traits has been shown to have a stronger effect on ecosystem functioning than taxonomic diversity alone. However, few studies have explored this idea at a large geographical scale. In a multisite experiment, we unravelled the relationship between ecosystem function and functional completeness of species assemblages using dung beetles as a model group, focusing on dung removal and secondary seed dispersal. Location: Seventeen grassland locations across the Western Palaearctic. Methods: We used a randomized block design with different exclosure types to control the dung and seed removing activities of individual functional groups of the local dung beetle assemblage. We classified dung beetle species according to resource specialization and into functional groups based on dung processing behaviour (dwellers, tunnellers, rollers) and body size (small, large). Additionally, we assessed the role of other soil macro-invertebrates. By sampling the dung beetle community and measuring the remaining dung and seeds after the experiment, the impact of each functional group was estimated. Results: Dung beetle assemblages differed along a north-south and east-west gradient. Dwellers dominated northernmost sites, whereas at lower latitudes we observed more tunnellers and rollers indicating a functional shift. Resource specialists were more abundant in southern and eastern areas. Overall, functional group diversity enhanced dung removal. More dung (+46.9%) and seeds (+32.1%) were removed in the southern sites and tunnellers and rollers were more effective. At the northernmost sites, where tunnellers were scarce or absent, other soil macro-invertebrates removed the majority of dung. Main conclusions: The conservation of functionally complete dung beetle assemblages is crucial to maintain the ecosystem functions provided by dung beetles. Given the latitudinal variation in functional group diversity, it is reasonable to ex

Published
2019
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24. Functionally richer communities improve ecosystem functioning: Dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles in the Western Palaearctic

Author

Long-Term Ecosystem Research, Milotić, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Müller, Jörg, Noriega, Jorge Ari, Menéndez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, Ádám, Réka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Jörn, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Märt, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Ardali, Elham, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Ebrahim, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, László, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, Hoffmann, Maurice, Long-Term Ecosystem Research, Milotić, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Müller, Jörg, Noriega, Jorge Ari, Menéndez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, Ádám, Réka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Jörn, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Märt, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Ardali, Elham, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Ebrahim, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, László, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, and Hoffmann, Maurice

Abstract

Aim: In several ecosystems, the diversity of functional species traits has been shown to have a stronger effect on ecosystem functioning than taxonomic diversity alone. However, few studies have explored this idea at a large geographical scale. In a multisite experiment, we unravelled the relationship between ecosystem function and functional completeness of species assemblages using dung beetles as a model group, focusing on dung removal and secondary seed dispersal. Location: Seventeen grassland locations across the Western Palaearctic. Methods: We used a randomized block design with different exclosure types to control the dung and seed removing activities of individual functional groups of the local dung beetle assemblage. We classified dung beetle species according to resource specialization and into functional groups based on dung processing behaviour (dwellers, tunnellers, rollers) and body size (small, large). Additionally, we assessed the role of other soil macro-invertebrates. By sampling the dung beetle community and measuring the remaining dung and seeds after the experiment, the impact of each functional group was estimated. Results: Dung beetle assemblages differed along a north–south and east–west gradient. Dwellers dominated northernmost sites, whereas at lower latitudes we observed more tunnellers and rollers indicating a functional shift. Resource specialists were more abundant in southern and eastern areas. Overall, functional group diversity enhanced dung removal. More dung (+46.9%) and seeds (+32.1%) were removed in the southern sites and tunnellers and rollers were more effective. At the northernmost sites, where tunnellers were scarce or absent, other soil macro-invertebrates removed the majority of dung. Main conclusions: The conservation of functionally complete dung beetle assemblages is crucial to maintain the ecosystem functions provided by dung beetles. Given the latitudinal variation in functional group diversity, it is reasonable to ex

Published
2019

25. Functionally richer communities improve ecosystem functioning: Dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles in the Western Palaearctic

Author

Milotić, Tanja, primary, Baltzinger, Christophe, additional, Eichberg, Carsten, additional, Eycott, Amy E., additional, Heurich, Marco, additional, Müller, Jörg, additional, Noriega, Jorge A., additional, Menendez, Rosa, additional, Stadler, Jutta, additional, Ádám, Réka, additional, Bargmann, Tessa, additional, Bilger, Isabelle, additional, Buse, Jörn, additional, Calatayud, Joaquín, additional, Ciubuc, Constantin, additional, Boros, Gergely, additional, Jay‐Robert, Pierre, additional, Kruus, Märt, additional, Merivee, Enno, additional, Miessen, Geoffrey, additional, Must, Anne, additional, Ardali, Elham, additional, Preda, Elena, additional, Rahimi, Iraj, additional, Rohwedder, Dirk, additional, Rose, Rob, additional, Slade, Eleanor M., additional, Somay, László, additional, Tahmasebi, Pejman, additional, Ziani, Stefano, additional, and Hoffmann, Maurice, additional

Published
2018
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26. Dung beetle assemblages, dung removal and secondary seed dispersal: Data from a large-scale, multi-site experiment in the Western Palaearctic

Author

Colciencias (Colombia), Milotić, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Müller, Jörg, Noriega, Jorge Ari, Menéndez Martínez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, Ádám, Réka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Jörn, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Hauso, Marie, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Märt, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Omidzadeh Ardali, Elham, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Iraj, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, László, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, Hoffmann, Maurice, Colciencias (Colombia), Milotić, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Müller, Jörg, Noriega, Jorge Ari, Menéndez Martínez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, Ádám, Réka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Jörn, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Hauso, Marie, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Märt, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Omidzadeh Ardali, Elham, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Iraj, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, László, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, and Hoffmann, Maurice

Abstract

By manipulating faeces during feeding and breeding, dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) fulfil important ecosystem functions in terrestrial ecosystems throughout the world. In a pan-European multi‑site experiment (MSE), we estimated the ecosystem functions of dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by differing combinations of dung beetle functional groups. Therefore, we classified dung beetles into five functional groups according to their body size and dung manipulation method: dwellers, large and small tunnelers, and large and small rollers. Furthermore, we set up a dung beetle sampling database containing all sampled dung beetles during the project. By identifying dung beetle specimens to the species level, we obtained a detailed insight into the dung beetle communities at each study location. By establishing experimental plots allowing and inhibiting specific combinations of functional groups in the local dung beetle assemblage from removing dung and seeds, we estimated the role of each group in dung removal and secondary seed dispersal during a 4-week period. We performed all experiments in grazed (semi-) natural grasslands, and used different dung types (cattle, horse, sheep, goat or red deer) to match the herbivore species grazing in close vicinity of each of the study areas. Simultaneously, we sampled dung beetle assemblages by using pitfalls baited with the same dung types as used in the experiments. This data paper documents two datasets collected in the framework of this MSE project. All the experiments took place between 2013 and 2016 at 17 study sites in 10 countries and 11 biogeographic zones. The entire dung beetle sampling dataset was published as a sampling event dataset at GBIF. The dataset includes the sampling results of all 17 study sites, which contain 1,050 sampling events and 4,362 occurrence records of 94 species. The second dataset contains the results of the dung removal and secondary seed dispersal experiments in which we used 11 e

Published
2018

27. Dung beetle assemblages, dung removal and secondary seed dispersal:Data from a large-scale, multi-site experiment in the Western Palaearctic

Author

Milotić, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Müller, Jörg, Noriega, Jorge A., Menendez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, ádám, Réka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Jörn, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Hauso, Marie, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Märt, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Ardali, Elham Omidzadeh, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Iraj, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, László, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, Hoffmann, Maurice, Milotić, Tanja, Baltzinger, Christophe, Eichberg, Carsten, Eycott, Amy E., Heurich, Marco, Müller, Jörg, Noriega, Jorge A., Menendez, Rosa, Stadler, Jutta, ádám, Réka, Bargmann, Tessa, Bilger, Isabelle, Buse, Jörn, Calatayud, Joaquín, Ciubuc, Constantin, Boros, Gergely, Hauso, Marie, Jay-Robert, Pierre, Kruus, Märt, Merivee, Enno, Miessen, Geoffrey, Must, Anne, Ardali, Elham Omidzadeh, Preda, Elena, Rahimi, Iraj, Rohwedder, Dirk, Rose, Rob, Slade, Eleanor M., Somay, László, Tahmasebi, Pejman, Ziani, Stefano, and Hoffmann, Maurice

Abstract

By manipulating faeces during feeding and breeding, dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) fulfil important ecosystem functions in terrestrial ecosystems throughout the world. In a pan-European multi-site experiment (MSE), we estimated the ecosystem functions of dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by differing combinations of dung beetle functional groups. Therefore, we classified dung beetles into five functional groups according to their body size and dung manipulation method: dwellers, large and small tunnelers, and large and small rollers. Furthermore, we set up a dung beetle sampling database containing all sampled dung beetles during the project. By identifying dung beetle specimens to the species level, we obtained a detailed insight into the dung beetle communities at each study location. By establishing experimental plots allowing and inhibiting specific combinations of functional groups in the local dung beetle assemblage from removing dung and seeds, we estimated the role of each group in dung removal and secondary seed dispersal during a 4-week period. We performed all experiments in grazed (semi-) natural grasslands, and used different dung types (cattle, horse, sheep, goat or red deer) to match the herbivore species grazing in close vicinity of each of the study areas. Simultaneously, we sampled dung beetle assemblages by using pitfalls baited with the same dung types as used in the experiments. This data paper documents two datasets collected in the framework of this MSE project. All the experiments took place between 2013 and 2016 at 17 study sites in 10 countries and 11 biogeographic zones. The entire dung beetle sampling dataset was published as a sampling event dataset at GBIF. The dataset includes the sampling results of all 17 study sites, which contain 1,050 sampling events and 4,362 occurrence records of 94 species. The second dataset contains the results of the dung removal and secondary seed dispersal experiments in which we used 11 e

Published
2018

28. Complexity within an oil palm monoculture: The effects of habitat variability and rainfall on adult dragonfly (Odonata) communities.

Author

Luke, Sarah H., Dwi Advento, Andreas, Dow, Rory A., Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Barclay, Holly, Eycott, Amy E., Hinsch, Julie K., Kurniawan, Candra, Naim, Mohammad, Mann, Darren J., Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar Siguga, Slade, Eleanor M., Soeprapto, Ps, Sudharto, Suhardi, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, and Widodo, Rudy Harto

Subjects
ODONATA, OIL palm, DRAGONFLIES, VEGETATION management
Abstract

Copyright of Biotropica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2020
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32. IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment: Chapter 3. Drivers of biodiversity change affecting biological invasions

Author

Hulme, Philip E., Ikeda, Tohru, Vandvik, Vigdis, Blanchard, Ryan, Camacho-Cervantes, Morelia, Herrera, Ileana, Koyama, Asuka, Morales, Carolina L., Munishi, Linus K., Pallewatta, P. K. T. N. S., Per, Esra, Pergl, Jan, Ricciardi, Anthony, Xavier, Rafael O., Essl, Franz, Helm, Aveliina, Eycott, Amy E., Galil, Bella S., Geange, Sonya R., Genovesi, Piero, Goncalves, Estefany J., Haider, Sylvia, Halbritter, Aud H., Marchini, Agnese, Moore, Niall, Pauchard, Aníbal, Policelli, Nahuel, Roy, Helen E., Suzuki, Takaaki, Tricarico, Elena, and Zhao, Caiyun

Subjects
Chapter 3, IPBES, Invasive alien species, Assessment
Abstract

Chapter 3: Drivers of biodiversity change affecting biological invasions of the Thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services., Suggested citation: Hulme, P. E., Ikeda, T., Vandvik, V., Blanchard, R., Camacho-Cervantes, M., Herrera, I., Koyama, A., Morales, C. L., Munishi, L. K., Pallewatta, P. K. T. N. S., Per, E., Pergl, J., Ricciardi, A., and Xavier, R. O. (2023). Chapter 3: Drivers of biodiversity change affecting biological invasions. In: Thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Roy, H. E., Pauchard, A., Stoett, P., and Renard Truong, T. (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7430727

Published
2023
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