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Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue analizar las experiencias escolares de estudiantes de secundaria del turno vespertino en un contexto enmarcado en la desigualdad educativa. Se parte del concepto de experiencia social de Francois Dubet, quien considera tres lógicas de acción: integración, estrategia y subjetivación. El estudio es de corte cualitativo, basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes de secundaria del turno vespertino están integrados a su entorno y las estrategias de cada uno se orientan a la integración con sus pares, docentes y directivos. Se identificó que, mediante las experiencias, su integración a la vida escolar gana terreno gradualmente; de tal manera, en ese proceso construyen el sentido que le dan a la escuela secundaria y a sus estudios. Otro hallazgo es que los estigmas que tienen sobre el turno vespertino padres, docentes, directivos y pares del turno contrario no impiden su construcción como sujetos de su propia vida escolar, más bien los consideran como una posibilidad para construirse como sujetos con metas y objetivos definidos, a pesar de que exista una desigualdad de oportunidades. En conclusión, las principales tensiones encontradas vienen del exterior, de la familia o de la propia escuela, pero las resistencias generadas por los estudiantes entrevistados, ellos logran resolverlas. Así, los estudiantes de secundaria del turno vespertino, sin importar los estigmas sociales, se esfuerzan junto con sus pares, para obtener el certificado de ese nivel escolar.

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El trabajo que aquí se presenta se llevó a cabo con un enfoque sociocultural, pues indaga en las experiencias escolares de dos grupos de estudiantes normalistas que cursaron los primeros semestres de la Licenciatura en Educación Primaria a distancia y trabajaron de manera simultánea durante la pandemia por el Covid-19. Sus testimonios permiten conocer los retos que encontraron durante ese período, los recursos que emplearon para mantenerse matriculados y las implicaciones que trajo consigo el regreso a la educación presencial. Para conocer sobre su experiencia se llevaron a cabo grupos focales que, empleados como herramienta de recolección de información, dieron pie al diálogo y a la reflexión colectiva. Con la información obtenida se indaga en el sentido que estos otorgan a las clases a distancia y abona al entendimiento sobre el impacto que tuvo la pandemia tanto para las escuelas normales, como para el sistema educativo mexicano.

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Este artículo analiza la experiencia escolar de un estudiante trans* en su paso por el sistema escolar chileno. Sistema marcado por una preocupación por la gestión de la sexualidad de niños, niñas y jóvenes que deriva en la (re)producción de dinámicas sexo-genéricas heteronormativas y binarias. Se procedió con un estudio cualitativo de caso único, desde un enfoque narrativo, a la producción de un relato de Santiago, un joven trans* de 18 años, acerca de su trayectoria escolar. Los resultados develan una serie de procesos de negociación, resignificación y resistencia entre Santiago y su entorno escolar. Estos dan cuenta de diversos puntos de tensión, reconocimiento y toma de decisiones. Entre las principales conclusiones destaca que, si bien existe un conjunto de mecanismos heteronormativos en la escuela, estos no logran aplacar la agencia del estudiantado para la construcción de significados propios acerca de sí mismos ni la generación de alianzas colectivas. Dichos elementos, derivan en la necesidad de desarrollar futuras investigaciones que descentren la figura del “caso trans*” hacia la pregunta ¿cómo se configuran los entornos escolares para la inclusión de estudiantes trans*?

This article analyzes the school experience of a trans* student in the Chilean school system. This system is marked by a concern for the management of the sexuality of boys, girls and young people that derives in the (re)production of heteronormative and binary sex-gender dynamics. We proceeded with a qualitative single case study, from a narrative approach, to the production of a story of Santiago, an 18-year-old trans* young man, about his school career. The results show a series of processes of negotiation, resignification and resistance between Santiago and his school environment. These account for various points of tension, recognition and decision making. Among the main conclusions, it stands out that, although there is a set of heteronormative mechanisms in the school, these do not manage to placate the students' agency for the construction of their own meanings about themselves or the generation of collective alliances. These elements derive in the need to develop future research that decenters the figure of the "trans* case" towards the question of how school environments are configured for the inclusion of trans* students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente artículo condensa los resultados más importantes de una investigación que analizó los significados de la escolaridad y el trabajo en un grupo de jóvenes rurales mexicanos. El estudio se basó en un enfoque etnográfico; se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad, también se contemplaron observaciones y notas de campo. Los resultados muestran que para estos jóvenes la “convivencia” es el motivo principal para asistir a la escuela. En varios casos es acompañado por “falta de interés en los estudios”, por lo que tienden a faltar regularmente a clases; esto se vuelve motivo para que algunos abandonen la escuela. Complementariamente, los jóvenes consideran el trabajo una actividad fundamental, porque les brinda la posibilidad de ayudar a la reproducción familiar, al mismo tiempo que les permite “tener dinero”. Para los jóvenes rurales el trabajo es más importante que la escolaridad. Sólo un pequeño grupo manifiesta “interés en los estudios”, ya que la escolaridad les sirve para salir adelante y encontrar mejores trabajos; en específico, la intención de las mujeres es superar la condición de género que ocupan en la comunidad. Los hallazgos aportan reflexiones para pensar la formación escolar en contextos rurales.

This article aims to analyze how in school daily life students produce the reality through practices and relationships that contest the structuring principles of the neoliberal educational order. When these practices materialize, they recreate alternative ways for students of constituting themselves as subjects and setting social 'bonds', opening the possibility to build a "presentist" praxis for a kind of lived or experiential counter-hegemony. To support these propositions, a narrative-biographical approach research was carried out with 30 Chilean high school students from different socio-economic groups (SEG) The results show that -although differently for each socioeconomic group-, the experiential counter-hegemony is manifested through two main expressions: resistances and 'bonds'. The articulation of these two, as we will discuss later, can serve as a support for the emergence of a hidden counter-curriculum with a transformative orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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O presente texto objetivou relatar o processo de planejamento do estágio obrigatório no curso de pedagogia e apresentar relatos dos estudantes sobre a experiência de cursar o estágio em Educação Infantil num formato remoto emergencial. Para isso, foi sistematizado um relato quanto ao planejamento e desenvolvimento do estágio junto a Educação Infantil, assim como um formulário foi produzido com o auxílio da ferramenta Google e encaminhado a estudantes do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). Espera-se que os dados apresentados possam contribuir com registros deste momento junto a formação de professores no Brasil.

El presente artículo analiza el sentimiento de vergüenza en la experiencia escolar de jóvenes indígenas de una escuela secundaria rural-albergue del Norte de Argentina. Los testimonios recuperados expresan el dolor social y la búsqueda de reparación simbólica de la subjetividad herida.

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El presente artículo expone parte de los resultados de una investigación doctoral, en la que se pretendió comprender, en narrativas de un grupo de excombatientes que se vincularon a grupos armados siendo niños, las características y confrontaciones que les plantean a la escuela y a la educación en su proceso de reincorporación. Los excombatientes entrevistados en el marco del estudio militaron en las guerrillas de las FARC y el ELN, así como en grupos paramilitares. A partir de sus narrativas sobre su experiencia humana se conoce de cerca sus experiencias escolares antes, durante y después de su vinculación. Además, se identifican características y confrontaciones sobre la escuela y el maestro, que bien podrían contemplarse y problematizarse en el proyecto de escuela para el llamado posacuerdo.

Si hay una temática que preocupa especialmente a la Sociología de la Educación, esta es la relación entre la desigualdad social y los desiguales resultados educativos. Indagamos, inicialmente, sobre las visiones que analizan los déficits culturales del alumnado ; la naturaleza del sistema educativo que corresponde con una cultura de clase media y la asociación entre origen social y rendimento educativo. Posteriormente, consideramos que, para explicar los mecanismos de legitimación o cambio social, y el papel que juega en ello la educación – y de manera especial en la educación secundaria –, es preciso no sólo tener en cuenta las desigualdades socio-económicas del alumnado sino también sus experiencias escolares, construidas en su trayectoria y espacio escolar. La configuración analítica desde estas premisas nos ayuda a contextualizar las experiencias escolares como un todo complejo, a veces contradictorio, pero nos permite estudiar mejor los desiguales resultados educativos. En este sentido, constatamos que la “experiencia escolar” podría ser un concepto-puente que aglutina las interacciones entre las culturas sociales representadas por la diversidad socio-cultural del alumnado y la cultura escolar.

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El uso de la etnografía en el análisis de la experiencia escolar provee de mayor claridad sobre la efectividad de las acciones institucionales dirigidas a la mejora educativa. Al momento su uso se ha limitado a la descripción detallada del comportamiento del estudiante dentro y fuera del aula. En respuesta este trabajo pretende otorgarle un uso integral con vistas a complementar los enfoques cuantitativos comunes en el área. Así, el propósito principal es bosquejar el uso de la etnografía institucional como una alternativa metodológica en la investigación educativa por medio del uso de varias herramientas e instrumentos cualitativos y cuantitativos.

El texto aborda hasta 9 ideas clave que al autor le permiten ordenar su pensamiento pedagógico, a propósito de lo que en su vida como maestro ha ido aprendiendo.

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Copyright of Polyphonía: Revista de Educación Inclusiva is the property of Centro de Estudios Latinoamericanos de Educacion Inclusiva (CELEI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to approach the school experiences of 13 students with disabilities. It corresponds to a cross, synchronous and non experimental study, whose scope is mainly descriptive. The data collection was carried out through a semi-structured interview and transcribed from audio recordings to make a category analysis. The main results showed that in the case of students who were born with disabilities, the fact that an institution was inclusive turned out essential for them to have adequate transit through the educational system and thus become apt for higher education. The combination disability-inclusion-right to education-higher education is what this paper aimed to weave, trying to follow as thread or anchor, the previous school experiences of students with disabilities. We recognize that an adequate, inclusive, positive experience besides a subjective construction of the body and disability by family members, become important conditions to access schooling. Education is a right, therefore it can not be seen as an act of charity; it should be required as a quality practice.

Resumen: Se presenta parte de una actividad llevada a cabo en el marco de un proyecto extensionista universitario. En esa intervención se realiza la contención y supervisión de los alumnos tutores de dos escuelas de nivel medio. Estos tutores son adolescentes que efectúan apoyo escolar a niños de dos escuelas públicas. La intervención que aquí se describe, es previa al ejercicio de su práctica. El objetivo fue recuperar los recuerdos escolares de los adolescentes, que les permitan construir su futuro rol de alumno tutor. Se trata de un trabajo cualitativo, donde se implementaron actividades individuales y grupales con los jóvenes. Se observó que pudieron recuperar tanto recuerdos positivos como negativos de su trayecto escolar. Pudieron nombrar a aquellos maestros significativos y el motivo de su importancia. Los adolescentes empezaron a delinear las características deseables de su rol como alumno tutor, en base a esas huellas relatadas. Palabras-clave: Experiencia Escolar, Escuela Primaria, Adolescentes, Extensión Universitaria, Supervisión Recovered stories, stories to write - reflections for the construction of the student tutor role Abstract: It present part of an activity carried out within the framework of a university extension project. In this intervention, the containment and supervision of the tutor students of two primary schools are carried out. These tutors are adolescents who provide school support to children from two public schools. The intervention which described here is previous to the exercise of its practice. The objective was to recover school's memories of adolescents, to let them build their future role of tutor student. It is a qualitative work, where individual and group activities with young people were implemented. It was observed that they were able to recover both positive and negative memories of their school journey. They could name those significant teachers and the reason for their importance. The adolescents began to delineate the desirable characteristics of their role as a tutor, based on those traces reported. Keywords: School Experience, Elementary School, Adolescents, University Extension, Supervision Histórias recuperadas, histórias para escrever - reflexões para a construção do papel aluno tutor Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta de uma atividade realizada no âmbito de um projeto de extensão universitária. Nesta intervenção é realizada a participação e supervisão dos alunos tutores de duas escolas de nível médio. Esses tutores são adolescentes que oferecem apoio escolar a crianças de duas escolas públicas. A intervenção aqui descrita é anterior ao exercício de sua prática. O objetivo era recuperar as memórias escolares dos adolescentes, que lhes permitiam construir seu futuro papel de aluno-tutor. É um trabalho qualitativo, onde as atividades individuais e grupais com jovens foram implementadas. Observou-se que conseguiram recuperar memórias positivas e negativas da jornada escolar. Eles poderiam nomear esses professores significativos e o motivo da sua importância. Os adolescentes começaram a delinear as características desejáveis de seu papel como aluno tutor, com base nesses traços relatados. Palavras-chave: Experiência Escolar, Escola Primária, Adolescentes, Extensão Universitária, Supervisão

Bioeducation is a proposal that aims to develop dialogic and intersubjective conception of knowledge and learning from two essential principles: the school experience as the main source of knowledge for future teachers and learning from a collective and cooperative relationship between students and teachers. From the students' school narratives, in a process of sharing, collective categorization and systematization of these texts is discussed with educational curriculum and the reality of the school and the curriculum that it develops.

La huella formativa de la experiencia escolar es indeleble, aunque la memoria parezca olvidarla se hace cuerpo y atraviesa contextos y situaciones hasta re-encontrarnos comodocentes. En parte forjados como tales, nuestro material de trabajo son los conocimientos,más o menos delimitados en currículos, programas o planes de estudios en cada país. Perotanto el conocimiento como la escuela y el estado nacional se inscriben en estructuras más amplias de relaciones coloniales entre centros y periferias. Los estudios decoloniales investigan la pervivencia de categorías coloniales modernas que subordinan pensamientos yprácticas a la lógica del conquistador: hombre, blanco, heterosexual, burgués. La lógica dicotómica del iluminismo moderno, que propagó la dominación capitalista, opera como violencia simbólica que divide y jerarquiza la experiencia escolar y la vida. Por lo contrario, desde una lógica interseccional se articulan distintas dimensiones como raza, clase, sexualidad y género, en un acto de pensamiento capaz de desnaturalizar clasificaciones homogéneas y extrañas. Así, el constructo ficcional “raza” tiene vigencia en una forma heredada de pensarnos a nosotros mismos, minusvalorados desde el patrón europeo (Quijano,2000). Tratamos de abrir paso a una transversalidad alternativa, considerando que las prácticas educativas son producciones históricas y la pedagogía no es un resultado a alcanzar sino posibilidad de experiencias.

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Copyright of Question (1669-6581) is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Presento en este trabajo las nuevas identidades que están formándose entre el alumnado del grado de primaria, como consecuencia de los cambios que están teniendo lugar en el ámbito social, cultural, político y económico. Parto de los resultados de la investigación que el grupo ProCie está realizando acerca de la identidad profesional de los estudiantes de primaria, en la Universidad de Málaga. La investigación aborda los relatos de la experiencia escolar de estudiantes de primer año y analiza cuales son las características de esta experiencia. Son cuatro ejes los que se tienen en cuenta: la idealización de la figura del docente, el foco en las tareas y las rutinas, el lugar central que ocupa la evaluación y el énfasis en el orden y la disciplina en el aula. A partir de esta experiencia se aborda lo que denominamos “conocimiento sedimental”. Este vendría a ser el conocimiento acerca de la profesión docente que se va construyendo por parte de los estudiantes en la escuela como consecuencia de su experiencia y que constituirá el sedimento de la conocimiento profesional. Este será parte fundamental en la construcción de su identidad. Por otro lado, se tiene en cuenta la “moral neoliberal” que funciona en las instituciones escolares, actuando de forma importante en la construcción de una nueva identidad, caracterizada por el pensamiento práctica, el activismo y el cortoplacismo. Esto representa un cambio importante respecto a la identidad redentorista propia de tiempos anteriores.

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Ethnography provides a clear-cut vision about the effectiveness of institutional actions for school improvement based on the school experience analysis. At this moment, the use of ethnography as a qualitative method has been reduced through the description of the student behavior inside and outside the classroom. As an alternative, this paper aims to give a holistic use of ethnography as a complement to quantitative approaches in educative research. Thus, the main purpose is to outline the use of institutional ethnography as a methodological alternative in educational research through the use of various qualitative and quantitative instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esse artigo analisa algumas representações dos brasileiros sobre seu processo de escolarização (avaliações e lembranças sobre escola e professores) e suas relações com a objetivação dessas representações em trajetórias escolares diferenciadas (níveis de desempenho escolar dos entrevistados). São descritas as variáveis clássicas – idade, sexo e origem social – dos chefes de família e cônjuges integrantes da nossa amostra, que é representativa da população brasileira. A escola foi caracterizada como um fator interveniente na trajetória social dos indivíduos através de três avaliações da experiência individual: a escola, o professor e a própria posição entre os colegas. Analisou-se o peso dessas experiências escolares na determinação dos diferentes níveis de sucesso escolar em relação ao peso da origem familiar ou social. No contexto brasileiro, origem social determina fortemente as trajetórias escolares. A escola não foi capaz ainda de reduzir substancialmente os impactos da origem social dos alunos sobre o seu destino.

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a experiência escolar de jovens/alunos em uma escola pública de ensino médio de São Paulo. Visou-se investigar principalmente as relações desses jovens com os saberes propiciados pela instituição escolar e suas interpretações sobre o trabalho realizado para a apropriação desses saberes. Os estudantes são analisados como jovens, partindo-se do pressuposto de que levam para a escola seus saberes, suas experiências; e como alunos, devido ao fato de estarem na escola para ampliarem seus repertórios culturais a partir de um trabalho específico. A metodologia utilizada é a abordagem local, a qual, de acordo com Agnès Van Zanten, pressupõe o intercruzamento de dados procedentes de métodos próprios à abordagem etnográfica. Os instrumentos de pesquisa são os inventários de saber e as entrevistas, além de outros utilizados na pesquisa-ação em que o estudo está inserido: questionário sobre o clima escolar, discussões com grupos de jovens, observações em sala de aula. Conclui-se que os jovens/alunos iniciam o ensino médio com uma imagem positiva da escola, mas que, apesar disso, a experiência escolar não possibilita a compreensão de aspectos específicos da apropriação dos saberes. Identificam-se, ainda, problemas em relação às regras de sociabilidade construídas na escola, sendo que os modos como vivenciam tais desafios não são homogêneos: para alguns, o dispêndio de energia ocorre porque querem ser reconhecidos pelos colegas; para outros, o maior desafio é transpor as dificuldades nos estudos. De qualquer modo, tais jovens buscam atribuir sentido para essa etapa de escolarização. As questões levantadas apontam a importância do trabalho educativo a ser viabilizado no ensino médio.The article presents results from a research on the school experience of youngsters/pupils of a public secondary school in São Paulo. The aim was mainly of investigating the relations established by these youngsters with the knowledges offered by the school institution, and their interpretations of the work carried out to appropriate such knowledges. The students are analyzed as youngsters, from the standpoint that they bring into school their knowledges and experiences; and as pupils, due to the fact that they are at school to widen their cultural repertoire as a result of a specific work. The methodology employed is that of the local approach which, according to Van Zanten, presupposes the inter-crossing of data coming from methods adequate to the ethnographic approach. The instruments of the research are knowledge inventories and interviews, apart from other devices used in the action-research in which this study is immersed: a questionnaire on the school climate, discussions with groups of youngsters, observations in the classroom. The study concludes that the youngsters/pupils start secondary education with a positive image of the school, but, in spite of that, the experience at school does not allow their understanding of specific aspects of the appropriation of knowledges. Problems were also identified regarding the rules of sociability constructed at school, and that the ways in which pupils experience such challenges are not homogeneous: for some, the expenditure of energy occurs because they want to be recognized by their colleagues; for others, the biggest challenge is to overcome the difficulties in their studies. At any rate, these youngsters seek to attribute meaning to this stage of their schooling. The questions raised here point to the importance of the educative work that must be achieved in secondary education.

Narrative is one of the characteristic ways of constructing reality in as much as it expresses, represents and puts into order the dynamic experience of human action. Applied to research on the school experience, it helps reveal how pupils interpret certain events or situations experienced at school. We will expound in this article the main perspectives from which narrative is understood within the field of social sciences: (a) As material for research, it is conceived as an experience expressed in a narrative anecdote, and primary resource for the analysis of the school context; (b) As a form of thought, it is a cognitive process through which people express and assess their experience; (c) As a research approach, it constitutes a way of constructing, exploring or analyzing individual and collective experiences. In short, though rarely used within the field of education, narrative in the form of anecdote is a technique that is suitable when inferring the beliefs, desires, values or attitudes that students hold regarding their school environment.

Este artigo, em primeiro lugar, discute algumas perspectivas defendidas por certos autores acerca dos jovens alunos do Ensino Secundário, com o objectivo de se chegar à compreensão e à problematização da experiência social juvenil. Em segundo lugar, ainda que sumariamente, toma em consideração alguns conceitos e estudos sobre a experiência social e escolar dos jovens, realçando a aprendizagem do ofício de aluno. Finalmente, apresenta alguns dados empíricos que traduzem certas dimensões da experiência social e escolar dos jovens alunosEste artículo, en primer lugar, discute algunas perspectivas defendidas por ciertos autores sobre los jóvenes alumnos de la Enseñanza Secundaria, con el objetivo de llegar a la comprensión y a la problematización de la experiencia social juvenil. En segundo lugar, aunque brevemente, considera algunos conceptos y estudios sobre la experiencia social y escolar de los jóvenes destacando el aprendizaje del oficio del alumno. Finalmente, presenta algunos datos empíricos que traducen ciertas dimensiones de la experiencia social y escolar de dichos jóvenes alumnos.First, this article discusses some perspectives argued by certain authors about young secondary school students in order to comprehend and question the social experience. Secondly, the article summarily takes in consideration concepts and some studies about the social and school experience, highlighting the apprenticeship of the student work. Finally, a relevant amount of empirical data is systematised based on the practice of the inquired young people upon social and school experience.

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa realizada em dois colégios (5ª à 8ª séries do Ensino Fundamental) da cidade de Caiena, na Guiana Francesa, e analisa práticas discursivas produzidas por alunos, visando compreender como se manifesta a questão da diversidade e como ela participa da construção da experiência escolar. O dispositivo empírico consistiu em entrevistas coletivas e individuais e se apoiou numa perspectiva compreensiva das práticas sociais, que valoriza a capacidade de ação e reflexão dos atores. Examina-se o modo como esses alunos constroem sua experiência escolar numa sociedade dependente e marcada pela diversidade cultural e lingüística, numa escola que combina a retórica da igualdade de oportunidades e um clima fortemente competitivo. A sociabilidade entre pares se destaca como importante dimensão da experiência escolar e os jovens relatam como ela é balizada pelas imagens de si e do outro, construídas a partir de elementos próprios ao mundo escolar, ao universo das culturas juvenis, ao contexto sociocultural da Guiana. Os alunos fazem eco às diferentes visões sobre a escola na Guiana e, situando-se entre a crítica e a adesão ao modelo e às práticas da escola francesa, expressam suas expectativas, formulam suas perspectivas. Por trás das críticas que tecem, os adolescentes formulam a demanda de serem reconhecidos como pessoa singular, questão que se situa no cerne dos processos de sua construção subjetiva.The article presents a study conducted with two schools (5th to 8th year of fundamental school) in the city of Cayenne, French Guiana. It analyzes discursive practices produced by pupils with the purpose of understanding how the issue of diversity is manifested, and how it takes part in the construction of the experience of schooling. The empirical device consisted of collective and individual interviews, and was supported by a perspective sensitive to the social practices, recognizing the value of the agents' capacity for action and reflection. The text examines the way in which these pupils construct their school experience in a dependent society, marked by cultural and linguistic diversity, at a school that combines the rhetoric of equal opportunities with an intensely competitive atmosphere. The sociability between peers stands out as an important dimension of the school experience, and the youngsters describe how it is oriented by the images of the self and of the other constructed from elements of the world of school, of the universe of youth culture, and of the social-cultural context of the Guiana. The pupils echo the different visions of the school in the Guiana and, caught between the criticism of the model and practices of the French school and the adhesion to it, express their expectations and formulate their perspectives. Behind the criticism they make, the adolescents demand being recognized as singular people, an issue that sits at the core of the processes of their subjective construction.

Como parte de las actividades de investigación educativa realizados en la Universidad de Quintana Roo, se diseñó y ejecutó un curso-taller con el propósito de involucrar a los profesores en los procesos de investigación en el aula para obtener elementos para la retención escolar. Este escrito tiene como objetivo mostrar el proceso reflexivo del docente, en tanto agente del aprendizaje, sobre su implicación en la trayectoria escolar y sobre sus alcances en la retención positiva universitaria que emergió durante y posterior al taller. El curso-taller, elaborado en dos de las tres unidades académicas, constó de tres aspectos: a) la ubicación del papel del profesor en la vida escolar del universitario, b) la aplicación de un ensayo de acción tutorial grupal y c) la propuesta y ejecución de estrategias remediales y/o de canalización en orden de mejorar aspectos académicos y fomentar la retención. A partir de este ejercicio, se establecieron mecanismos de acciones tutoriales alternativas pensados desde la práctica docente. Abstract As part of the activities of educational research conducted at the Universidad de Quintana Roo, there was designed and executed a teachers’ training course with the purpose of involving them into research processes inside the classroom in order to improve school retention. This paper aims to show the teachers self-reflexive process, as learning-teaching agents, about their influence over students’ school life and their possibilities to achieve positive retention that emerged during and after the activities of the course. This course, developed in two of the three academic units of the University, addressed three aspects: a) teachers’ role within the school life of the university and the students, b) to fulfill a sort of tutorial actions towards a school group, and c) to propose and accomplish remedial strategies by improving academic performance and encourage retention. From this exercise, teachers developed alternative mechanisms of tutorial actions thought-out from teaching practice. Recibido: 07 de marzo de 2014 Aceptado: 29 de agosto de 2014

Within the framework of the processes of profound transformation undergone by the Argentine educational system in the last decades of expansion and mass education, the secondary school witnessed great changes and the educational policies linked to it are fundamental for understanding the social experience of the young people today in comparison with the previous generation's. The research that is set forth next is the result of a work already finished, but with continuity in the present because of the incorporation of new variables to be studied. Its aims is to show the way in which the schooling of young people in the poor segments of society is experienced by one of the social actors that is generally left out in analyses of this type: families. The transformations of the last decades implied that social sectors traditionally excluded from the middle level of formal education came in contact with the secondary school, thus setting new frameworks of action for those groups that historically had had limited access to education. In this sense, it is sought to know here, the way in which these social and educational transformations are being processed, there where public policies have had a fundamental role in the real educational trajectories of individuals. We seek to investigate here how the processes of social inclusion are experienced by the families involved and what strategies they deploy to make effective the schooling of the young. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents some reflections resulting from research that investigated the perceptions of students about their school experiences. It constitutes an attempt to understand how these students feel about and interpret the institution of socialisation that they participate in at school. It also attempts to contribute to revising the reproductive practices of distancing between the conceived and the lived. The study gave priority to listening to and observing the plurality of cultural reference points that exist within schools by using research methodology involving ethnographic records, questionnaires and interviews with the fifth, sixth and ninth years of elementary school students in a public school. The reflections and conclusions involve a dialogue with the theoretical writings of Norbert Elias and Michel de Certeau. The results report a reproduction of pre-established expectations about the notion of "why go to school?". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]