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Тактика сімейного лікаря щодо методик навчання пацієнтів з остеоартрозом (ОА) залишається не визначеною. Мета - оцінка ефективності терапевтичного навчання в комплексному лікуванні хворих на остеоартроз з надмірною масою тіла. Матеріали та методи. Досліджено динаміку індексу маси тіла (ІМТ) і клінічних показників суглобового синдрому у пацієнтів з остеартозом і надмірною вагою до та після комплексного лікування з застосуванням методики терапевтичного навчання (основна група n=43), у порівнянні з традиційним лікуванням (група порівняння n=32). Статистичний аналіз проводився за допомогою Excel 2007, Statistica 6.0. Результати. Відзначено вплив освітньої програми терапевтичного навчання на достовірну позитивну динаміку з боку індексу WOMAC - на 61, 9% (p

Objective This study aimed to investigate human adenovirus 36 (Adv36) as an associated factor for adiposity in children and adolescents aged 9–12 years. Methods This was a case-control study comparing overweight (cases) and eutrophic (controls) children and adolescents aged 9–12 years based on their body mass index in relation to human adenovirus 36 serology. Human adenovirus 36-specific neutralizing antibodies were assessed using the serum neutralization assay, and a questionnaire regarding the subjects’ personal backgrounds, breastfeed history, age of starting daycare, and eating and exercise habits was also applied. Results A total of 101 (51, eutrophic; 50, overweight) children were included in the study. The Adv36 seropositivity rate was of 15.8%, which increased the chance of being overweight by 3.17 times (p = 0.049). Enrollment in a full-time daycare center before the age of 24 months increased the chance of being overweight by 2.78 times (p = 0.027). Metabolic parameters (total cholesterol and blood glucose) were insignificantly different among children who were seropositive or seronegative for human adenovirus 36. Conclusion This study concluded that excessive weight was positively associated with seropositivity for human adenovirus 36. Early enrollment in a full-time daycare was also an associated factor for obesity. Such data, confirmed in new studies, reinforces the role of human adenovirus 36 in the increase of childhood adiposity.

One component of a correctly balanced diet is dietary fibre. Fibre acts protectively-it improves the functioning of the intestines, regulates the rhythm of bowel movements, inhibits the absorption of sugar and also lowers the level of cholesterol. The aim of the research was to determine the intake of fibre in relation to the occurrence of excessive weight and obesity among children and adolescents living in rural areas. The research was conducted using an authored questionnaire. The study questionnaire was completed by the study participants and their parents over 7 d. The anthropometric measurements were carried out on pupils in their underwear in conditions of privacy. Based on the results obtained, the BMI index was calculated for each pupil and then ranked according to WHO reference values. Among the pupils in the study group, the intake of fibre was at a very low level. The lowest amount of fibre in the diet was found among those with excessive weight and with obesity. Over 39% pupils never consumed wholegrain bread. Fruit and vegetables were consumed most seldom by pupils with excessive body weight. Knowledge about the lifestyles of children and adolescents is of crucial importance in taking multidirectional preventative actions to make changes to such lifestyles.

A rather eventful decade draws to a close, but before the year concludes, we learn in this issue of the Biomedical Journal about the correlation of age with the improvement of motor functions in cerebral palsy patients after myofascial release surgery, and the impact on health and life quality of excessive weight during pregnancy. Moreover, we learn about differences in dexterity test norms between populations, and gain some insight into the latest improvements to the challenging medical study program in Taiwan. Finally, we attend an interesting discussion between experts of the field regarding the use of melatonin to protect the brains of preterm infants.

Primary nonresponse (1NR) – inability to achieve adequate weight loss after surgery - and secondary nonresponse (2NR) – excessive weight regain after initial adequate weight loss after surgery – can occur in up to 25–35% of patients after bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to explore the variations in both definition as well as management of 1NR and 2NR amongst bariatric surgeons. An online survey was distributed to all members of the national bariatric societies in the Netherlands and Belgium regarding questions about definition, work-up and treatment of 1NR and 2NR after bariatric surgery. A total of 45 responses from bariatric surgeons were obtained, representing 32 medical centers that perform bariatric procedures. When assessing 1NR, excess weight loss(EWL) was reported to be used by most respondents(30/45), total body weight loss(TBWL) by 18/45 and body mass index(BMI) by 25/45. A great variation in cut off values was observed. When assessing 2NR, percentage weight gain from the lowest (nadir) weight was preferred most by 22/45 respondents with cut off values varying from 5 to 20%. Most respondents deemed 18 months after initial surgery the most appropriate timeframe to determine 1NR or 2NR. The current practice regarding primary and secondary nonresponse after bariatric surgery has a wide variety in definitions, work-up and treatment options. Consensus on the definition of 1NR and 2NR is needed to optimize the treatment of bariatric patients.

(1) Background: Sedentary behavior is increasing in all age groups and is one of the most common lifestyles that is a risk factor for overweight and obesity; however, few studies have evaluated the impact of leisure-time sedentary behavior on overweight and obesity. This study aims to examine the distribution characteristics of different leisure-time sedentary behaviors and their effects on excessive weight in different age groups in the Chinese population to provide evidence for the development of behavioral interventions. (2) Methods: This study utilizes data from the 2004 to 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Participants ranged in age from 6 to 18 years or older and were from China. Weight and height were measured in the physical examination, and the sedentary behavior times during leisure periods were collected by using a questionnaire. Logistic regression models were performed for association analyses. (3) Results: A total of 36,169 participants were included in this study. The impact of screen-based sedentary leisure time on excessive weight is greater in middle-aged and older adults. For middle-aged adults, sedentary time periods spent on the Internet or video games were found to be significantly and positively associated with excessive weight (OR, 1.122, 95% CI, 1.005–1.253). In addition, for older adults, sedentary time periods spent watching television or videos were found to be significantly and positively associated with excessive weight (OR, 1.065, 95% CI, 1.035–1.095). (4) Conclusions: This study helps grasp the target population and provide evidence for the development of behavioral intervention guidelines.

With rapid urbanization and the Indian nutrition transition, Indian adolescents face a high risk of developing an energy imbalance. This study aims to assess the prevalence of excessive weight, underweight, and associated knowledge and lifestyle behaviors among private school-going adolescents in Delhi. A cross-sectional study was conducted in students (6th–7th grades) of eight randomly selected private schools in Delhi, India in 2019. A self-administered survey was used to assess students’ dietary-and-physical-activity-related knowledge and behavior. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and waist circumference) were also conducted. Out of 1567 participants, 7.2% were underweight, 61.3% normal, and 31.5% excess in weight. Underweight was associated with significantly more eating whilst studying for exams (relative risk ratio (RRR) 1.7 (1.0–2.9)). Excessive weight was associated with less incorrect knowledge on behaviors causing overweight (RRR 0.7 (0.5–0.9)), more often reading nutritional labels of packed food items (RRR 0.6 (0.4–0.9)), and less frequent vegetable-intake (RRR 0.7 (0.4–0.9)). Underweight students showed more suboptimal knowledge and unhealthy behaviors, whilst students with excessive weight showed more correct knowledge and healthy behaviors. This study highlights the immediate need for effective health-promoting interventions focused on the importance of healthy lifestyle at least in underweight adolescents.

Obesity affects millions of children worldwide and can often impact their academic performance. This longitudinal study, conducted over seven years, determines the effects of excessive weight and obesity on the academic performance of primary school boys, taking into account their socio-economic status (SES). The study forms part of a seven-year (2010–2016) longitudinal study, the North-West Child-Health-Integrated-Learning and Development (NW-CHILD) study, which includes a baseline measurement and two follow-up measurements of the 181 participants from varying areas in the North West Province. Two-way frequency tables, repeated measure ANOVA’s and Spearman rank order correlations were used to analyze the data. The Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants reported an increase from 2010–2016. Nearly all of the school subjects reported small to large correlations between BMI and academic performance (r ≥ 0.1 and r ≥ 0.3), except for Afrikaans in 2013 (r = −0.06). Only two subjects (English and Language as tested with the ANA test) reported medium effects (r ≥ 0.3), whereas the other subjects only reported small effects (r ≥ 0.1). No statistically significant relationships (p ≥ 0.05) were observed between the BMI values and academic subjects, however SES and school subject scores reported several statistically significant relationships, especially regarding Language (English and First Additional Language) and Mathematics (p = 0.02). Overweight and obese primary school boys in the North West Province of South Africa reported a higher academic performance in comparison to boys of a normal weight, even when SES was taken into consideration. Further studies are recommended to verify current findings regarding weight, obesity and academic performance.

espanolIntroduccion: El sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil representan un problema de salud publica y se ha reportado su prevalencia de 8.2 y 6.3% respectivamente, en lactantes mexicanos. Algunas investigaciones incluyen como factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad: alto peso al nacer, aumento acelerado de peso infantil y la ausencia de lactancia materna durante el primer ano de vida. En Nayarit, no existen reportes de las causas asociadas con esta patologia. Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de los factores perinatales y alimentarios sobre el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad en lactantes en una unidad medica de primer nivel de atencion del sector publico en Tepic, Nayarit. Metodos: Se trato de un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y transversal de casos (de sobrepeso-obesidad; n = 30) y controles (con normopeso; n = 60). Se evaluo el estado nutricional actual, peso al nacer, tipo de alimentacion, duracion de la lactancia materna, edad y alimento de inicio de la alimentacion complementaria. El analisis de datos se realizo utilizando la prueba t Student, el estadistico χ2 y un analisis de regresion logistica con el programa Statistica version 12 (α = 0.05). Resultados: En la variable de prevalencia de lactancia materna, se observo una diferencia de 10% mayor en el grupo control (23.33%) que en el grupo de casos (13.33%); sin embargo, la alimentacion complementaria mixta fue predominante en los infantes (> 70%). El principal alimento de inicio fueron las verduras con 50% para los casos y 38.33% para los controles. El grupo de casos presento menor talla (79.56 cm) que el grupo control (82.40 cm), y la duracion de la lactancia materna se asocio como un factor protector para el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad (razon de momios = 0.896). Conclusiones: Los resultados de este trabajo muestran la importancia de incrementar el periodo de la lactancia materna, ya sea exclusiva o mixta, como una posible estrategia para disminuir los problemas de peso excesivo en los infantes. EnglishIntroduction: Child overweight and obesity represent a health problem public and a prevalence of 8.2 and 6.3%, respectively, has been reported in Mexican infants. Some research includes as risk factors for the development of overweight and obesity, high birth weight, rapid increase in infant weight, the absence of breastfeeding during the first year of life, among others. In Nayarit, there are no reports of the causes associated with this pathology. Objective: To assess the influence of perinatal and dietary factors on the development of overweight and obesity in infants in a first-level medical unit of public sector care in Tepic, Nayarit. Methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study of cases (overweight-obesity, n = 30) and controls (normal weight, n = 60) was performed. The current nutritional status, weight at birth, feeding type, duration of breastfeeding, age and start food of the complementary feeding were evaluated. Data analysis was performed using the student t test, the χ2 test and a logistic regression analysis with the STATISTICA version 12 (α = 0.05). Results: In the prevalence of breastfeeding, a 10% greater difference was observed in the control group (23.33%) than in the case group (13.33%), however, mixed complementary feeding was predominant in infants (> 70%). The main starting food was vegetables with 50% for cases and 38.33% for controls. The case group presented smaller height (79.56 cm) than the control group (82.40 cm) and the duration of breastfeeding was associated as a protective factor towards the development of overweight and obesity (Odds ratio = 0.896). Conclusions: The results of this work show the importance of increasing the period of breastfeeding, either exclusive or mixed, as a possible strategy to reduce problems of excessive weight in infants.

A study of the effect of motor activity on the health condition of students that generalizes peculiarities of the morphological status and of physical development on the whole, permits to identify mechanisms controlling health factors. Aim. Determination of the peculiarities of the dynamics of morphological status of students with different levels of motor activity in the period of study at aninstitution of higher education (IHE). Materials and Methods. A prospective study of physical health of 630 students of 17-22 years of age in the period from 2010 to 2018. In students, the body length, body mass, chest circumference and other parameters were measured and the somatotype was determined every year in the period of study at anIHE (5 years). Results. It was found that in the period of study at anIHE, growth processes continued only in 51.9% of examined boys and gradually terminated at 21-22 years of age, and in 36.9 % of girls with termination at 21-22 years. In most students increment of the body mass and chest circumference was recorded, there were also found boys and girls with these parameters remaining unchanged during period of study at anIHE, and in some cases their decline was found. The increment of the body mass and chest circumference was demonstrated to slow down with termination of growth processes, but did not stop altogether which resulted in increase in the amount of students with excessive weight. This was also facilitated by reduction of the level of motor activity in senior years when physical culture classes are no longer included into the curriculum. The dependence of growth processes in boys and girls at the age of 17-22 years on the level of motor activity was revealed that influenced the speed and direction of increment of the total dimensions of the body and the type of body-build. According to our data, the majority of boys support a high level of motor activity to buildup the body mass, and girls lead an active way of life to decrease the body mass and to keep it on the optimal level.

Background Being obese or gaining excessive weight during pregnancy can increase health risks for mother and baby. Adopting a healthy diet and increasing physical activity reduces these risks and has long-term health benefits for women. Despite this, women do not always maintain a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy. Aim To explore the factors that encouraged and prevented a diverse group of women to maintain a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy. Methods A total of 12 women participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews, underpinned by the theory of planned behaviour. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim then subject to deductive thematic analysis. Findings Four themes emerged: women's knowledge of a healthy lifestyle, sociocultural influences, physical health and health professional support. These influenced women's intentions and actual behaviours during pregnancy. Conclusions Enhanced health professional advice may motivate women to adopt a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy. This could be through new means such as health technology.

Introduction. The obesity is one of the most popular chronic diseases in the world and in accordance in Ukraine. Due to the data of the World Health organization there are 340 millions of the children and teenagers at the age from 5 to 19 years had excessive weight of the body (EWB) in 2016 year. The main reasons of obesity were low physical activity and inappropriate nutrition, that is mostly in line to pupils. The beginning of the studying is characterized with the sharp decreasing of volume physical activity because of increasing of the static strain. All above-mentioned in accordance with the misuse of the sweets and fizzy drinks, disorder of the nutrition regime, limitless of the fresh fruits and vegetables on the menu build the high risk of the progression of the obesity and EWB in children. The mechanism of the prevention of the obesity progression can be the implementation of the health saving technologies (HST), that contains formation of the healthy lifestyle habits and enough moving. Purpose. Estimate the HST «Education in moving» of the Dubohai O.D. influence on the prevention of the obesity progression and Excessive weight of the body in primary school age children. Patients and methods. The clinical-instrumental examination of 153 preschool age children was held at Kyiv Regional Children's Hospital before the entering school and during the studying at the I–IV classes, among them 65 pupils from the middle school No. 287 in Kyiv, where HST were implemented( main group) and 88 pupils of the middle school No. 3 in Boiarka, where the HST were not used (comparison group). The examination included the evaluation of the anthropometric indicators according to the directive of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine from 13.09.2013 No. 802 «Criteria for assessing the physical development of school_age children», calculation of body mass index (BMI), laboratory and instrumental research methods. Results. The usage of the HST in main group provided sufficient (corresponding to age) physical activity and having finished the primary school the part of the children with harmonical enlargement increased from 27.7% to 63.9%, while in comparison group it stayed mostly the same (38.6% and 41.7%). A significant increasing of the specific weight children with obesity and EWB was found in the comparing group during the years of studying (from 33.3% to 50.0%), and the tendency of the decreasing amount of the children with EWB and obesity from 20.0% to 16.7%. Conclusions. Conducted scrutiny showed positive influence of the HST «Education in moving» on the saving harmonical physical development and prevention of the enlargement of the obesity and EWB in primary school age children providing enough physical activity and rational nutrition.

This study explored intraindividual multidimensional profiles integrating psychosocial factors, namely, body image and satisfaction, weight-related self-stigma, positivity, and happiness, and behavioural-lifestyle factors, namely, adherence to a healthy diet, among Spanish adults with overweight or obesity. We further aimed to investigate the association of excess weight (i.e., measured body mass index, BMI) with the abovementioned multidimensional configurations. A convenience sample of adult individuals with excessive weight completed self-reports regarding the study variables, and their weight and height were measured. With a perspective centered on the individual, a cluster analysis established three distinct intraindividual psychosocial and diet-related profiles: a group of healthy individuals with excess weight; a group of individuals who were negatively affected by their excessive weight and showed the most distressed profile; and a group of dysfunctional individuals who seemed to be excessively unrealistic and optimistic regarding their excessive weight and unhealthy lifestyles. Furthermore, individuals in the affected cluster had higher obesity. The results showed that there are specific psychosocial and lifestyle profiles in the adult population with excess weight and that there are relationships among psychological, behavioural, and body-composition factors. For clinical application purposes, it is important to account for the heterogeneity within individuals who are obese and to individualize the interventions, with a focus from weight change to individual's overall well-being.

With an obesity rate of over 30% in the United States, obesity continues to be a serious epidemic. In addition to excessive weight, obesity involves a myriad of comorbidities that contribute to severe morbidity and mortality. Bariatric surgery has been shown to lead to significant weight loss, resolution of obesity-related comorbidities, and overall improved quality of life. After several decades, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy has emerged as a leading bariatric procedure, and emergent surgical robotic technology has led to the advent of the robotic sleeve gastrectomy. This procedure has been shown to have outcomes on par with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy along with similar and sometimes lower risks and complications. Additionally, surgeons have become more comfortable and proficient in using robotic surgery overall. While currently an expensive procedure, robotic sleeve gastrectomy has the potential to emerge as the preferred procedure as technology continues to improve, as the surgical robot becomes cheaper and more widely available, and as physicians continue to learn to perform robotic procedures early on in their training.

Recent evidence suggests that among behavioral-lifestyle factors, adherence to a healthy dietary pattern such as the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is linked not only to better psychological health and mental positive status but also to increased subjective well-being (SWB). Nevertheless, this association has been unexplored among individuals with excessive weight. This study explored whether adherence to the MedDiet and the intake of healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables (FV) are associated with increased happiness and life satisfaction among Spanish adults with overweight or obesity when weight, body image, and body satisfaction are also considered. A convenience sample of adult individuals with excessive weight completed self-reports on the study variables, and weight and BMI were measured by bioimpedance. No evidence of a relationship with SWB indicators was obtained for MedDiet global indicators, probably due to the low adherence to a healthy diet by these individuals. In contrast, FV intake, as a powerful indicator of healthy eating, was associated with life satisfaction when BMI and body image dimensions were considered, among which body satisfaction had a key role. Moreover, life satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between FV consumption and happiness. Our findings are expected to make a relevant contribution to knowledge on the positive correlates or protective factors for overall well-being in obesity, including dietary habits and body appreciation. Our results may inform obesity management actions focused on inclusive, positive aesthetic models and promoting a healthy lifestyle for happiness in obesity., “Psicología de la Salud/Medicina Conductual” Research Group (CTS-267) and “Psicología del Ejercicio, el Deporte y la Salud” Research Group (CTS-980) by the Junta de Andalucía (Spain), Research Project “Quality of Life and Body Image in Adults with Obesity” (PIVA Projects, Ref. ICB2) by the Universidad Autónoma Ciudad Juárez (Mexico)

A pesar de los esfuerzos de diversos organismos para reducir la obesidad, sólo algunos países desarrollados muestran una desaceleración o estabilización de su prevalencia. Este trabajo presenta las tendencias en el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y las prevalencias de sobrepeso (SP) y obesidad (OB) ocurridas en escolares entre 1990 y 2016, y su distribución socioeconómica. Se compararon tres encuestas transversales realizadas en 1990, 2005/07 y 2015/16 en escolares primarios de Santa Rosa (La Pampa, Argentina). Para estandarizar los valores de IMC y definir las categorías SP y OB se empleó la referencia International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). El tipo de escuela se empleó como medida de nivel socioeconómico (NSE). Para analizar la asociación entre las variables dependientes con año de encuesta, sexo y NSE se aplicaron modelos de regresión lineal (IMC) y logística (SP, OB). El cambio temporal en las prevalencias de SP y OB se evaluó mediante Chi- cuadrado de tendencia entre proporciones. IMC, SP y OB incrementaron significativamente en el periodo 1990-2016, resultando en un tercio de la población con exceso de peso. Entre 2005/07 y 2015/16 sólo hubo incrementos significativos en niños que asistían a escuelas públicas. Las tendencias fueron similares en varones y niñas. Se concluye que el estatus de peso en esta población escolar muestra un patrón de aumento no lineal pero continuo en los últimos 25 años, con una estabilización en los sectores de mayor NSE durante la última década., Asociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentina

The Gateshead Millennium Study found 28% of children aged 6–8 were obese or overweight increasing to 1/3 by age 10. This reflects the national child measuring programme which describes ¼ of reception and 1/3 year 6 children as overweight/obese. But is this too late for identification? Are children overweight and obese before this age? Method Health visitors locally were trained to calculate and plot BMI on a specially made insert for the child health record to act as a visual aid to identify overweight children. BMI was collected over 6 months at the 2 year health check. Questionnaires were completed by health visitors to gather opinion around the issue and how we can improve identification and support families. Consenting families were interviewed to discover their opinion of how they felt going through the process, about weight in this population and what we could do to prevent overweight children. Results 157 toddlers (mean age 2.3 years) were included with 132 BMI being calculated. 25 children with no BMI were felt to be unmeasurable due to compliance. 27% children were above overweight and obese centiles for BMI. 45 health visitor questionnaires were returned, and 12 parents individually interviewed. Health visitors and parents recognise that this is an issue and have similar opinions on the causes and how we can try to improve the situation. Parents felt that BMI was an acceptable tool for identification once explained. They felt if handled sensitively and with support this was an appropriate time for identification of children at risk of being overweight and obese. Conclusion Overweight and obesity is an issue in children from as young as 2 years. This urgently needs to be addressed to prevent well known long term effects of excessive weight. Parents and health visitors agree and are a potential group to implement change.

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram i) estimar a prevalência de sobrepeso e de obesidade em gestantes atendidas em um serviço hospitalar de alta complexidade e ii) averiguar o perfil das participantes (e.g., dados sociodemográficos, intercorrências gestacionais e condições dos recém-nascidos). Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo. Dos 421 prontuários de atendimentos do ano de 2017, 289 tinham dados completos e foram aqui analisados. Identificou-se a prevalência de sobrepeso na gestação de 26% (IC95%: 20,8 – 30,9) e de obesidade de 41% (IC95%: 35,1 – 46,5). Análises de regressão indicaram que o índice de massa corporal (IMC) pré-gestacional (β = 20,106, p < 0,001) e peso do recém-nascido (β = 2,277, p = 0,024) foram fatores preditores para o excesso de peso na gestação, em um modelo que explicou 70,2% da variância do IMC gestacional. Os dados aqui reportados podem ser utilizados para planejar ações com a finalidade de reduzir as complicações no período gestacional e perinatal, bem como são relevantes para o conhecimento do perfil das gestantes atendidas no referido serviço.

Objetivo: Verificar os padrões alimentares e os fatores associados de mulheres em idade reprodutiva. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado com 322 mulheres de 12 a 49 anos, residentes em Vitória de Santo Antão, Zona da Mata de Pernambuco, através de busca ativa nos domicílios. Os setores censitários foram sorteados de forma aleatória simples, abrangendo as unidades de saúde pertencentes à Estratégia de Saúde da Família. A partir do Questionário de Frequência Alimentar, identificaram-se os padrões alimentares, categorizados em baixo consumo, 1º e 2º tercil, e alto consumo, tercil superior. As variáveis independentes analisadas foram as sociodemográficas, de estilo de vida e de saúde. Resultados: Do grupo estudado, 59,3% tinham entre 20 e 39 anos e 60,9% apresentavam excesso de peso. Verificaram-se três padrões alimentares: Saudável, Comum Típico Brasileiro e Fast-food. As mulheres com idade ≥ 40 anos consumiam aproximadamente três vezes mais alimentos do padrão Saudável, quando comparadas àquelas com idade ≤ 19 anos. Em contraste, aquelas com idade ≥ 40 anos apresentaram menor probabilidade de consumir alimentos do padrão Fast-food do que as mais jovens (≤ 19 anos). Verificou-se ainda que mulheres com escolaridade superior a oito anos tinham maior probabilidade de consumir alimentos do padrão Fast-food quando comparadas aquelas com ≤ 4 anos de estudo. Conclusões: As mulheres mais jovens e as de maior escolaridade apresentaram um consumo elevado do padrão alimentar Fast-food, em comparação às mais velhas e de menor escolaridade, respectivamente.

Obesity is a condition of excessive weight due to excessive accumulation of fatin the body. The prevalence of obesity aged ≥ 15 years in 2015 in Bengkulu city is 308people (3.15%), the prevalence increases compared with the previous year. The purposeof this research is to know the influence of nutrition counseling to knowledge, energyintake, fat intake, and fiber intake in obese teenager at vocational high school 01bengkulu city in 2017. This research is pre-experiment research with pretest-postest onegroupdesign. The number of respondents obtained as many as 17 samples with SimpleRandom Sampling technique. Knowledge data were obtained from questionnairestatements, energy intake data, fat intake and fiber intake, obtained from 24-hour recallform. The data obtained were analyzed using the dependent T-test and Wilcoxon test. Theresults showed that there was influence of nutritional counseling to knowledge, there wasinfluence of nutritional counseling to energy intake, and there influence of nutritioncounseling to fat intake, whereas in fiber intake there was no effect of nutritioncounseling to fiber intake, mean post intervention was lower than pre intervention.Respondents need to pay attention and increase the consumption of foods high in fiberand lower consumption of foods high in energy and high fat and increase physicalactivity. As a follow up of nutrition counseling activities, schools are expected to providefacilities and infrastructure for adolescents to conduct nutritional counseling.

Degenerative diseases are chronic chronic diseases that affect a person's quality of life and productivity. One of the most common degenerative diseases and which has a high mortality rate is osteoarthritis in the knee. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the administration of TENS with Oscillation Traction on pain intensity in patients with genital osteoarthritis in Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital. Research Method: this is research is quasi-experimental while the research design uses pre-test and post-test. The sample of this study used 2 treatment groups, namely treatment group 1 using TENS and treatment group 2 using oscillation traction. Both sample groups measured pain scales using the verbal description scale. The results of the analysis of the influence test with Independent t-test in treatment group 1 and treatment group 2. Test paired sample t-test obtained p value = 0.001 (p 5 0.05), which means that there is a difference in pain intensity before and after being given TENS. Whereas in the treatment group 2 oscillation traction obtained results of p = 0.001 (.050.05) which means that there is a difference in pain intensity before and after being given oxyylation traction. From the results of the independent t-test in getting results with p = 0.000 (α

Background: Overweight and obesity have emerged as a worldwide epidemic resulting in an increase in non-communicable diseases. The rate of overweight and obesity is estimated to be 39.1% in Cameroon. In women, excessive weight is linked to infertility, pregnancy complications, and increased rates of prematurity, stillbirths and neonatal deaths. Accurate weight measurements are required to evaluate a patient's health, manage conditions and to establish reliability and validity in research. Multiple studies have identified concerns about the accuracy of weight measurements in hospitals and clinics. Aims: To identify what scales were available in two hospitals and to evaluate the accuracy and sensitivity of each scale. Methods: A study was performed in two hospitals with a large outpatient caseload, and where recent overweight and obesity studies were performed. Findings: Three types of scales were in use: 68 clinical floor scales, 13 balance beam scales, and 8 digital scales (7 paediatric and 1 adult). All beam scales and 7 of the digital scales were found to be accurate; however, only 60% of floor scales were accurate. The digital and beam scales were the most sensitive. Incidental findings included a deficiency in basic knowledge regarding weight measurements and maintaining scales. Conclusions: Accurate weights are important in providing safe patient care, diagnosis, management, and treatment. Policies are required to ensure that weighing equipment is properly used and maintained. Further studies should be conducted, with special attention to assuring that valid and reliable tools are used.

Market workers tend to work a lot in order to feed their family. A lot of human labour work is done at the expense of their health status in order to make a living. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of scoliosis in female market workers in Pasar Kumbasari, Denpasar, Bali and the load lifting technique used to carry the loads in the market. Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study done with non-probability consecutive sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to aid in obtaining information regarding the study. Results: Of the total 115 female market workers interviewed, 7 of them had scoliosis. The scoliosis was apparent with abnormal gait associated with scoliosis and confirmation with the graphical aid used together with the questionnaires. As for the load lifting method used was carrying the loads over their heads. Many of the workers complained of pain in their neck and shoulders, arm and leg joints and lower back pain. The workers are found to be working in excess of 8 to 9 hours every day with rest in between periods when there are no people coming to buy things in the market. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the prevalence of scoliosis in female market workers in Pasar Kumbasari is 0.061. The load lifting technique commonly used is carrying the loads over their heads.

There is a growing interest in the area of affective disorder (i.e. psychological stress and depression) among advanced countries. Since the real-time diagnosis of human stress has been of great importance, we have recently reported the Smartphone Linked Stress Measurement (SLSM); the smartphone holder yet has two negative points, which are too excessive weight to carry and expensive cost to manufacture. In this paper, we have further developed the SLSM for the psychological stress in order to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above. We call the newly developed system as the Smartphone Diagnostics Unit (SDU). The SDU is composed of an origami smartphone holder, three cotton swabs, three strip biosensors, and three bottles of buffer solution. We demonstrated a light-weighted and economical origami smartphone holder to fulfill an easy-to-carry unit and low cost of fabrication, respectively. To validate the SDU, two kinds of stress-related biomarkers in human saliva, such as cortisol and C-reactive protein (CRP), were measured. The successful measurement of the concentration of salivary biomarkers enables the SDU to be useful for the real-time detection of human psychological stress in the future.

BackgroundEstimation of total body water (TBW) is essential for clinical care.ObjectiveEvaluation of changes in TBW by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in children and young adults with excessive weight.DesignData was collected in individuals aged 3-21 years with normal (n = 202) or excessive body weight (n = 133). The BIA results from individuals with normal weight were compared with two previously published studies in children by isotope dilution methods.ResultsIndividuals with excessive weight had a higher mean TBW (27.87 L, SE 0.368) for height and age as compared to individuals with normal weight (23.95 L, SE 0.298), PConclusionsIndividuals with excessive weight had 16.5% higher mean TBW for height and age and 7.4% lower TBW for weight and BSA as compared to normal weight individuals. Our study validates the feasibility of data collection in pediatric outpatient setting by BIA.

Brechney, GC, Chia, E, and Moreland, AT. Weight-cutting implications for competition outcomes in mixed martial arts cage fighting. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3420-3424, 2021-Weight cutting is common among amateur and professional mixed martial arts (MMA) competitors because of the belief that it provides an advantage in combat sports. This study aimed to identify whether fight outcome (win vs. loss vs. type of loss) was influenced by magnitudes of body mass (BM) lost through weight cutting and BM regained before the fight after official weigh-in in amateur and professional MMA athletes with previous weight-cutting experience. Body mass data were collected using self-report from 75 MMA athletes (59 amateur and 16 professional) before commencing weight-cutting practices 7 days before weigh-in, by the regulating body at their official weigh-in 24 hours before the fight and through direct measurement immediately before competition. Data were analyzed according to win; loss by technical knockout or knockout (KO); loss by submission; or loss by the judge's decision. Athletes who lost their fight cut significantly more BM (10.6%) compared with athletes who won (8.6%) (p = 0.04, d = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.02-0.93), but there were no differences between types of loss. There were no significant differences in recovered BM between athletes who won (6.8%) vs. lost (7.4%), or type of loss. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between greater magnitudes of BM cut and greater likelihood of losing the fight (B = -0.12, P = 0.048), odd ratio 0.89 (95% CI: 0.79-1.00). This study provides the first line of evidence that excessive weight cutting may be detrimental to fight outcome in MMA.

Summary To assess the effectiveness of liraglutide 3.0 mg in post‐bariatric surgery patients, and to determine whether this would differ based on the type of bariatric surgery. One hundred seventeen post‐bariatric surgery patients from the Wharton Medical Clinic were analysed. Changes in weight while taking liraglutide 3.0 mg were examined for all patients, and by three types of bariatric surgery—Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass, gastric banding and gastric sleeve. Patients primarily underwent Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (n = 53, 45.3%) or gastric banding (n = 50, 42.7%). Over 7.6 ± 7.1 months taking liraglutide 3.0 mg, patients lost a statistically significant amount of weight (−6.3 ± 7.7 kg, P .05). This decrease in weight remained significant after 1‐year of taking liraglutide 3.0 mg (P

This study aims to evaluate the association between duration of overweight/obesity and arterial stiffness. In total, 103 men and women aged 45-68 years with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2 were enrolled in this study. Duration of overweight/obesity was calculated for individuals with at least two consecutive BMI occurrences of ≥25 kg/m2 in the previous (5-year intervals from 20 years old) and present BMI information. Multiple regression analysis showed that carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, an index of arterial stiffness, was independently associated with the duration of overweight/obesity, but not with current degree of overweight/obesity.

Objetivo: Avaliar a cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) para menores de 2 anos do Nordeste brasileiro e caracterizar seu estado nutricional e o consumo alimentar, segundo sexo e origem dos dados, no ano de 2019. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada através dos relatórios públicos do SISVAN. As análises de associação foram feitas pelo teste do qui-quadrado, considerando-se valores de p < 0,05. Resultados: A cobertura geral foi menor que 50%, tanto na Região Nordeste como nos estados, exceto na Paraíba (54,07%), e a cobertura de consumo alimentar foi de 5,50%. Quanto ao estado nutricional, observou-se elevados excesso de peso (20,64%), déficit de peso (7,89%) e déficit de estatura (18,1%), todos estatisticamente maiores para o sexo masculino. Para os marcadores de consumo alimentar entre crianças de 6 a 23 meses, considerou-se elevado o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados (46,84%), bebidas adoçadas (28,33%), macarrão instantâneo, salgadinhos de pacote ou biscoitos salgados (22,77%) e biscoitos recheados, doces ou guloseimas (25,6%). O consumo de alimentos ricos em ferro foi baixo (14,65%). O aleitamento materno exclusivo foi observado em menos da metade dos menores de 6 meses (44,58%), a introdução de alimentos aos 6-8 meses foi baixa (23%) e quase metade das crianças entre 6 e 23 meses não estava em aleitamento materno continuado (44%). Conclusão: É incipiente a cobertura do SISVAN para crianças nordestinas menores de 2 anos; estas mantém práticas alimentares inadequadas, baixo aleitamento materno e elevados excesso de peso e déficit pôndero-estatural.