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7. Fire safety assessment of open wide gangway underground trains in tunnels using coupled fire and evacuation simulation

Author

Galea, E.R., Wang, Z., Jia, F., Lawrence, P.J., and Ewer, J.

Subjects
QA
Abstract

A new type of train configuration, known as Open Wide Gangway (OWG) is becoming popular, particularly in underground environments. Previous fire modelling analysis demonstrated that the OWG configuration was considered safe as or safer than conventional configurations as it reduced the likelihood of flashover. However, these studies have ignored the impact on evacuation of the spread of fire effluent to non-fire cars. Here we explore the fire safety offered by conventional and OWG configurations using coupled fire and evacuation modelling techniques. Two tunnel train situations are considered; one in which the car side doors are available for evacuation (train in a wide tunnel) and the other in which only the end cab doors are available (train in a narrow tunnel). Two population configurations are considered, fully and half loaded. Two ignition sources are also considered, one representing an accidental fire and the other an arson fire. The analysis demonstrates that while the OWG configuration may produce improved fire performance in the car of fire origin compared to the conventional configuration, if the interaction of the fire effluent with the evacuating passengers is considered, the OWG configuration results in a significantly greater number of casualties in virtually all the scenarios considered.

Published
2017

8. Teacher Training for EST: Problems and Methods.

Author

Ewer, J. R.

Abstract

Reviews the problems and strengths of an English for Science and Technology teacher-training course at the University of Chile (Santiago). Since most students come to the course with a humanities background, coupled with a "traditional" or "general" English background, they have the following types of problems: attitudinal, conceptual, linguistic, methodological, and organizational. (SL)

Published
1983

9. Note-Taking Training for Non-English-Speaking Students of Science and Technology

Author

Ewer, J. R.

Abstract

Because in many parts of the world sciencific and technical courses in higher education are taught in English, it is essential that the foreign-language student develop proficiency in taking notes from an English lecture. This article suggests a methodology to teach such a skill. (CK)

Published
1974

13. Fire safety assessment of open wide gangway underground trains in tunnels using coupled fire and evacuation simulation

Author

Galea, E.R., Wang, Z., Jia, F., Lawrence, P.J., Ewer, J., Galea, E.R., Wang, Z., Jia, F., Lawrence, P.J., and Ewer, J.

Abstract

A new type of train configuration, known as Open Wide Gangway (OWG) is becoming popular, particularly in underground environments. Previous fire modelling analysis demonstrated that the OWG configuration was considered safe as or safer than conventional configurations as it reduced the likelihood of flashover. However, these studies have ignored the impact on evacuation of the spread of fire effluent to non-fire cars. Here we explore the fire safety offered by conventional and OWG configurations using coupled fire and evacuation modelling techniques. Two tunnel train situations are considered; one in which the car side doors are available for evacuation (train in a wide tunnel) and the other in which only the end cab doors are available (train in a narrow tunnel). Two population configurations are considered, fully and half loaded. Two ignition sources are also considered, one representing an accidental fire and the other an arson fire. The analysis demonstrates that while the OWG configuration may produce improved fire performance in the car of fire origin compared to the conventional configuration, if the interaction of the fire effluent with the evacuating passengers is considered, the OWG configuration results in a significantly greater number of casualties in virtually all the scenarios considered.

Published
2016

15. The genome of Tetranychus urticae reveals herbivorous pest adaptations

Author

Grbic M., Van Leeuwen T., Clark R.M., Rombauts S., Rouzé P., Grbic V., Osborne E.J., Dermauw W., Ngoc P.C.T., Ortego F., Hernández-Crespo P., Diaz I., Martinez M., Navajas M., Sucena E., Magalhães S., Nagy L., Pace R.M., Djuranovi? S., Smagghe G., Iga M., Christiaens O., Veenstra J.A., Ewer J., Villalobos R.M., Hutter J.L., Hudson S.D., Velez M., Yi S.V., Zeng J., Pires-Da Silva A., Roch F., Cazaux M., Navarro M., Zhurov V., Acevedo G., Bjelica A., Fawcett J.A., Bonnet E., Martens C., Baele G., Wissler L., Sanchez-Rodriguez A., Tirry L., Blais C., Demeestere K., Henz S.R., Gregory T.R., Mathieu J., Verdon L., Farinelli L., Schmutz J., Lindquist E., Feyereisen R., Van De Peer Y. and Acknowledgements M.G. and V.G. acknowledge support from NSERC Strategic Grant STPGP322206-05,Marie Curie Incoming InternationalFellowship,OECDCo-operative Research Programme: Biological resource management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems JA00053351, and Ontario Research Fund–Global Leadership in Genomics and Life Sciences GL2-01-035. The genome and transcriptome sequencing projects were funded by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario

Published
2011

16. Rapid Fire Abstract session: novelties in valves regurgitation831Significant functional mitral regurgitation impairs left atrial function in patients with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction832Arterial stiffness and mitral regurgitation: an intriguing pathophysiological link833Progression rate of mild and moderate aortic regurgitation in a physiologist led valve clinic834The blood flow complexity affect the reliability of aortic regurgitation assessment by phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging835Two-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging can describe the complexity of flow in ascending aorta in patients with aortic regurgitation836A cross-sectional study of endocardial lead-related tricuspid regurgitation: towards proposing a new practical 2D/3D echocardiographic approach for better risk stratification837Prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance for preoperative assessment of patients with severe functional tricuspid regurgitation

Author

Palmiero, G, primary, Imbalzano, E, primary, Van Zalen, JJ, primary, Svensson, F, primary, Lagerstrand, KM, primary, Hamdanchi, A, primary, Kim, K-J, primary, Ascione, L, additional, Carlomagno, G, additional, Sordelli, C, additional, Ferro, A, additional, Ascione, R, additional, Severino, S, additional, Caso, P, additional, Vatrano, M, additional, Mandraffino, G, additional, Dalbeni, A, additional, Carerj, S, additional, D'angelo, M, additional, Ceravolo, R, additional, Ciconte, VA, additional, Saitta, A, additional, Zito, C, additional, Badiani, S, additional, Ewer, J, additional, Patel, NR, additional, Lloyd, GW, additional, Bech-Hanssen, O, additional, Polte, CL, additional, Johnsson, ÅA, additional, Lagerstrand, KM, additional, Svensson, F, additional, Gao, SA, additional, Asadi, Y, additional, Otto, S, additional, Hoyme, M, additional, Jung, C, additional, Lauten, A, additional, Doenst, T, additional, Figulla, HR, additional, Poerner, TC, additional, Goebel, B, additional, Park, J-B, additional, Kim, H-K, additional, Yoon, YE, additional, Lee, S-P, additional, Kim, Y-J, additional, Cho, G-Y, additional, Sohn, D-W, additional, Kim, K-H, additional, and Ahn, H, additional

Published
2015
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17. The genome of Tetranychus urticae reveals herbivorous pest adaptations

Author

Grbic M., Van Leeuwen T., Clark R.M., Rombauts S., Rouzé P., Grbic V., Osborne E.J., Dermauw W., Ngoc P.C.T., Ortego F., Hernández-Crespo P., Diaz I., Martinez M., Navajas M., Sucena E., Magalhães S., Nagy L., Pace R.M., Djuranovic S., Smagghe G., Iga M., Christiaens O., Veenstra J.A., Ewer J., Villalobos R.M., Hutter J.L., Hudson S.D., Velez M., Yi S.V., Zeng J., Pires-Da Silva A., Roch F., Cazaux M., Navarro M., Zhurov V., Acevedo G., Bjelica A., Fawcett J.A., Bonnet E., Martens C., Baele G., Wissler L., Sanchez-Rodriguez A., Tirry L., Blais C., Demeestere K., Henz S.R., Gregory T.R., Mathieu J., Verdon L., Farinelli L., Schmutz J., Lindquist E., Feyereisen R., Van De Peer Y., Grbic M., Van Leeuwen T., Clark R.M., Rombauts S., Rouzé P., Grbic V., Osborne E.J., Dermauw W., Ngoc P.C.T., Ortego F., Hernández-Crespo P., Diaz I., Martinez M., Navajas M., Sucena E., Magalhães S., Nagy L., Pace R.M., Djuranovic S., Smagghe G., Iga M., Christiaens O., Veenstra J.A., Ewer J., Villalobos R.M., Hutter J.L., Hudson S.D., Velez M., Yi S.V., Zeng J., Pires-Da Silva A., Roch F., Cazaux M., Navarro M., Zhurov V., Acevedo G., Bjelica A., Fawcett J.A., Bonnet E., Martens C., Baele G., Wissler L., Sanchez-Rodriguez A., Tirry L., Blais C., Demeestere K., Henz S.R., Gregory T.R., Mathieu J., Verdon L., Farinelli L., Schmutz J., Lindquist E., Feyereisen R., and Van De Peer Y.

Published
2011

19. Renal anaemia - CKD 5D

Author

Takasawa, K., primary, Takaeda, C., additional, Higuchi, M., additional, Maeda, T., additional, Tomosugi, N., additional, Ueda, N., additional, Sasaki, Y., additional, Ikezoe, M., additional, Hagiwara, M., additional, Furuhata, S., additional, Murakami, M., additional, Shimonaka, Y., additional, Yamazaki, S., additional, Hamahata, S., additional, Oue, M., additional, Kuragano, T., additional, Furuta, M., additional, Yahiro, M., additional, Kida, A., additional, Otaki, Y., additional, Hasuike, Y., additional, Nonoguchi, H., additional, Nakanishi, T., additional, Sarafidis, P., additional, Rumjon, A., additional, Ackland, D., additional, Maclaughlin, H., additional, Bansal, S. S., additional, Macdougall, I. C., additional, Panichi, V., additional, Rosati, A., additional, Malagnino, E., additional, Giusti, R., additional, Casani, A., additional, Betti, G., additional, Conti, P., additional, Bernabini, G., additional, Gabrielli, C., additional, Caiani, D., additional, Scatena, A., additional, Migliori, M., additional, Pizzarelli, F., additional, Mitsopoulos, E., additional, Tsiatsiou, M., additional, Minasidis, I., additional, Kousoula, V., additional, Intzevidou, E., additional, Passadakis, P., additional, Vargemezis, V., additional, Tsakiris, D., additional, Lines, S. W., additional, Carter, A. M., additional, Dunn, E. J., additional, Wright, M. J., additional, Aoyagi, R., additional, Miura, T., additional, De Paola, L., additional, Lombardi, G., additional, Coppolino, G., additional, Lombardi, L., additional, Fukumoto, H., additional, Kaibe, S., additional, Tokuyama, M., additional, Hiwasa, M., additional, Miyamoto, T., additional, Ohue, H., additional, Matsumoto, A., additional, Toyoda, K., additional, Rottembourg, J., additional, Emery, C., additional, Lafuma, A., additional, Wernli, J., additional, Zakin, L., additional, Mahi, L., additional, Borzych-Duzalka, D., additional, Bilginer, Y., additional, Pape, L., additional, Ha, I. S., additional, Bak, M., additional, Chua, A., additional, Rees, L., additional, Pesle, S., additional, Cano, F., additional, Urzykowska, A., additional, Emre, S., additional, Russcasso, J., additional, Ramela, V., additional, Printza, N., additional, White, C., additional, Kuzmanovska, D., additional, Andrea, V., additional, Muller-Wiefel, D., additional, Warady, B., additional, Schaefer, F., additional, Chung, J. H., additional, Park, M. K., additional, Kim, H. L., additional, Shin, B. C., additional, Fujikawa, T., additional, Kuji, T., additional, Kakimoto, M., additional, Shibata, K., additional, Satta, H., additional, Nishihara, M., additional, Kawata, S., additional, Koguchi, N., additional, Toya, Y., additional, Umemura, S., additional, David, V., additional, Michel, G., additional, Maxime, H., additional, Paul, L., additional, Sebastien, K., additional, Francois, V., additional, Kuntsevich, V., additional, Dou, Y., additional, Thijssen, S., additional, Levin, N. W., additional, Kotanko, P., additional, Kim, B. S., additional, Park, W. D., additional, Song, H. C., additional, Kim, H. G., additional, Kim, Y.-O., additional, Woodburn, K., additional, Fong, K.-L., additional, Moriya, Y., additional, Tagawa, Y., additional, Kanda, F., additional, Morita, N., additional, London, G., additional, Zaoui, P., additional, Covic, A., additional, Dellanna, F., additional, Goldsmith, D., additional, Gesualdo, L., additional, Mann, J., additional, Combe, C., additional, Turner, M., additional, Meunzberg, M., additional, Macdonald, K., additional, Abraham, I., additional, Guerin, A., additional, Diaconita, M., additional, Apruzzese, R., additional, Kruse, A., additional, Ouellet, G., additional, Bond, C., additional, Jensen, D., additional, Wang, S., additional, Pham, E., additional, Rubin, J., additional, Sika, M., additional, Niecestro, R., additional, Sloneker, S., additional, Strzemienski, P., additional, Solon, E., additional, Stamopoulos, D., additional, Mpakirtzi, N., additional, Grapsa, E., additional, Gogola, B., additional, Manios, E., additional, Afentakis, N., additional, and Ewer, J., additional

Published
2012
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41. Embryonic expression of the period clock gene in the central nervous system of Drosophila melanogaster.

Author

James, A.A., Ewer, J., Reddy, P., Hall, J.C., and Rosbash, M.

Abstract

We have examined the temporal and spatial expression of the 4.5‐kb mRNA that is transcribed from the period locus of Drosophila melanogaster and is the best candidate for the per gene product. Both Northern blot analyses and hybridizations in situ to tissue sections reveal significant expression of the 4.5‐kb mRNA in embryos. This expression is limited to the central nervous system of the developing embryo and is localized within the brain and ventral ganglia. The 4.5‐kb mRNA is enriched in adult heads (by Northern blotting) although we were not able to detect specific localization (in situ). In addition to the physiological role the 4.5‐kb mRNA might have in maintaining biological rhythms, we now suggest that it has a developmental role for establishing mechanisms that are necessary for eventual expression of clock functions.

Published
1986
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42. Seafaring

Author

Ewer, J. R., primary, Strevens, Peter, additional, MacKlin, Bill, additional, Trevor, Nash, additional, Jay, Stephen, additional, Molyneux, Michael, additional, Firth, James, additional, Naidoo, Pauline, additional, and Bolch, Maryvonne, additional

Published
1974
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47. Rapid Fire Abstract session: novelties in valves regurgitation

Author

Palmiero, G, Ascione, L, Carlomagno, G, Sordelli, C, Ferro, A, Ascione, R, Severino, S, Caso, P, Imbalzano, E, Vatrano, M, Mandraffino, G, Dalbeni, A, Carerj, S, D'angelo, M, Ceravolo, R, Ciconte, VA, Saitta, A, Zito, C, Van Zalen, JJ, Badiani, S, Ewer, J, Patel, NR, Lloyd, GW, Svensson, F, Bech-Hanssen, O, Polte, CL, Johnsson, AA, Lagerstrand, KM, Lagerstrand, KM, Svensson, F, Polte, CL, Johnsson, AA, Gao, SA, Bech-Hanssen, O, Hamdanchi, A, Asadi, Y, Otto, S, Hoyme, M, Jung, C, Lauten, A, Doenst, T, Figulla, HR, Poerner, TC, Goebel, B, Kim, K-J, Park, J-B, Kim, H-K, Yoon, YE, Lee, S-P, Kim, Y-J, Cho, G-Y, Sohn, D-W, Kim, K-H, and Ahn, H

Abstract

Purpose: Left atrial function (LAF) has emerged as a novel determinant of clinical status and outcomes in heart failure (HF). Significant functional mitral regurgitation (SFMR) is an important and prevalent pathophysiological and prognostic factor in this patient population, yet its effects on LAF are poorly understood. Aim of this study was to explore the possible interplay between the severity of functional MR and reduced LAF in patients with systolic HF. Methods: Echocardiography was performed in 93 patients (age 61 ± 15 yrs) with HF (NYHA functional class II-IV) due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVEF ≤ 40%), sinus rhythm, and mild to severe functional mitral regurgitation; subjects with any evidence of organic mitral valve disease were excluded. MR severity was estimated using a multiparametric approach, and patients were dichotomized based on the presence of SFMR (3-4+). LV and LA volumes were evaluated using Simpson’s biplane method. LA volumes were measured at three time-points: just before mitral valve opening, at P-wave onset, and at mitral valve closure. According to previously described formulas, the different components of LA function were calculated: total LA emptying function (TLAEF), LA reservoir function (LAEI), LA passive emptying fraction (conduit function, LAPEF), and LA active emptying fraction (contractile function, LAAEF). Results: The two groups (SFMR -/+) were well matched in terms of demographics, HF etiology, and LV systolic function (29.3 ± 9.7 vs 28.1 ± 7.2 %). Patients with SFMR displayed worse clinical status (NYHA 2.19 ± 1.00 vs 2.72 ± 0.98; p<0.02), larger LV (LVEDVi 100 ± 32 vs 128 ± 38 ml/sqm; p=0.001) and LA volumes (maximal LAVi 38 ± 20 vs 57 ± 27 ml/sqm; p=0.001) compared to those without SFMR. LA reservoir (63 ± 40 vs 35 ± 26 %; p=0.006) and contractile function (21 ± 14 vs 12 ± 11 %; p<0.02) were significantly more impaired in patients with SFMR, while no difference was found in terms of LA conduit function (18 ± 13 vs 17 ± 18 %; p=ns). LAF was inversely correlated with NYHA functional class. Conclusions: The presence of SFMR seems to significantly affect left atrial reservoir and contractile function in patients with LV systolic dysfunction, independently of LVEF. Further research will elucidate the prognostic and therapeutic interactions between LA dysfunction and SFMR in the HF population.

Published
2015
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49. Neuronal and endocrine mechanisms underlying the circadian gating of eclosion: insights from Drosophila.

Author

Wegener C, Amini E, Cavieres-Lepe J, and Ewer J

Subjects
Animals, Circadian Clocks physiology, Insect Hormones metabolism, Metamorphosis, Biological, Drosophila melanogaster physiology, Drosophila melanogaster genetics, Neurons physiology, Circadian Rhythm, Drosophila physiology, Drosophila genetics
Abstract

The circadian rhythm of adult emergence (aka eclosion) of the fruit fly Drosophila is a classic behavioural read-out that served in the first characterisation of the key features of circadian clocks and was also used for the identification of the first clock genes. Rhythmic eclosion requires the central clock in the brain, as well as a peripheral clock in the steroidogenic prothoracic gland. Here, we review recent findings on the timing and neuroendocrine coupling mechanisms of the two clocks. These findings identify rhythmic prothoracicotropic hormone and downstream ERK signalling as the main coupling pathway and show that the two clocks impose daily rhythmicity to the temporal pattern of eclosion by regulating the timing of the very last steps in metamorphosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None of the authors has any financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of this review., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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50. Timed receptor tyrosine kinase signaling couples the central and a peripheral circadian clock in Drosophila .

Author

Cavieres-Lepe J, Amini E, Zabel M, Nässel DR, Stanewsky R, Wegener C, and Ewer J

Subjects
Animals, Drosophila, Signal Transduction, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases genetics, Phosphorylation, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors, Circadian Clocks genetics, Blood Group Antigens
Abstract

Circadian clocks impose daily periodicities to behavior, physiology, and metabolism. This control is mediated by a central clock and by peripheral clocks, which are synchronized to provide the organism with a unified time through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Here, we characterized in Drosophila the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in coupling the central clock and the peripheral clock located in the prothoracic gland (PG), which together control the circadian rhythm of emergence of adult flies. The time signal from central clock neurons is transmitted via small neuropeptide F (sNPF) to neurons that produce the neuropeptide Prothoracicotropic Hormone (PTTH), which is then translated into daily oscillations of Ca 2+ concentration and PTTH levels. PTTH signaling is required at the end of metamorphosis and transmits time information to the PG through changes in the expression of the PTTH receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), TORSO, and of ERK phosphorylation, a key component of PTTH transduction. In addition to PTTH, we demonstrate that signaling mediated by other RTKs contributes to the rhythmicity of emergence. Interestingly, the ligand to one of these receptors (Pvf2) plays an autocrine role in the PG, which may explain why both central brain and PG clocks are required for the circadian gating of emergence. Our findings show that the coupling between the central and the PG clock is unexpectedly complex and involves several RTKs that act in concert and could serve as a paradigm to understand how circadian clocks are coordinated., Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.

Published
2024
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