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The diagnosis of MODY as a subtype of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is important for an adequate management during pregnancy and the postnatal period. The present report describes a case of GDM caused by a synonymous с.666C>G р.V222V substitution in the GCK gene. The variant, which was initially ranked as ‘likely benign’, was later proven to be pathogenic by in vitro studies. The с.666C>G substitution led to the use of a new donor splice site and synthesis of the aberrant mRNA with deletion of 16 base pairs. The case illustrates that additional clinical and experimental data may be required for the correct interpretation of sequence variants pathogenicity.

Thyroid neoplasms requiring differential diagnosis between thyroid cancer and benign tumors can be detected in more than half of the healthy population. A generally accepted method that allows assessing the risk of malignant potential and determining the indications for surgical treatment of thyroid tumor is a fine-needle aspiration biopsy followed by a cytological examination. Nevertheless, in patients with indeterminate categories of cytological conclusions according to Bethesda system, the positive predictive value of the cytology result is significantly lower than desired and often leads to unjustified surgical treatment. In this regard, the search for alternative diagnostic solutions continues. Circular RNAs are a group of non-coding RNAs distinguished by a closed structure formed by covalent bonding of the nucleotide chain ends. Recent studies allow us to conclude that many different circular RNAs are involved in processes mediating oncogenesis in the thyroid gland, and their altered expression in tissue, blood, and exosomes of plasma may be a characteristic sign of thyroid cancer and certain clinicopathological features of its course. The purpose of this review is to analyze the accumulated data on the association of various circular RNAs with thyroid cancer and to discuss possible ways to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease based on the assessment of the expression of these molecules.

In medicine production Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5 alloys are used. One of the most important tasks is to increase the strength of the products and decrease in value. The possibility to roll special thread on Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5 alloy workpiece on 2-roller thread rolling machine has been studied. This is wrought alloy, treatment of which in cold condition causes difficulties due to low plasticity. To obtain Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5 alloy product with thread by rolling is rather difficult. This is due to large axial workpiece displacements resulting from large alloy resistance to cold plastic deformation. The provision of adequate kinematics requires experimental researches and the selection of modes - speed of rolling and pressure on the movable roller. The purpose of the work is to determine the optimal modes for rolling thread on titanium alloy workpiece. It has been stated that, after rolling, the product strength has increased up to 30%. As a result of the work, the unit has been made and recommendations to choose the optimal rolling process modes have been offered.

Various schemes of basing of flexible high-precision flatterings at form grinding are considered. The existing technologies of form grinding of flexible fullerings allow to carry out their processing at various locating charts, such as fastening in the centers, in high-precision collet chuck attachments and in high-precision collet chuck attachments with stretching. The results of calculations which showed that the most rigid system the machine — the adaptation — the tool — the detail (MATD) is the location chart of the fullering in high-precision collet chuck attachments with stretching were received in this work. Experimental installation on the basis of the universal tool-grinding machine of the model 3A64 was developed for measurement of the size of the shift of fullering depending on the influence of radial force for confirmation of the obtained settlement data. The dynamometer, as the loading device, fixed to a column of the mechanism of vertical feed was used. The fullering was fixed in special collet chuck attachments. The calculation of the size of the deflection of the fullering depending on the loading is performed. The lunette design allowing to reduce the error of basing of the fullering is developed.

Methods of flattering of the diamond wheels on the bakelite bonds, with the use of various truining tools for recovering of maintainability of the working area of the diamond wheel and the formation of the shaped section are considered in this work. The purpose is to define the optimum scheme of flattering of the shaped abrasive wheels and the construction of dressing devices which are inseparably linked with the chosen scheme of flattering. The optimum way of the flattering of the radial diamond wheels intended for the treatment of the hard metal by the method of abrasive action with the incremental turn of flatten diamond wheel is developed. High precision and productivity of processing is provided with this way.

Background Torque teno virus (TTV) is a circular, single-stranded DNA virus that chronically infects healthy individuals of all ages worldwide. There is a lot of data on the prevalence and genetic heterogeneity of TTV in healthy populations and in patients with various diseases now available. However, little is known about TTV load among healthy human population. In this study we analyzed TTV load in the group of 512 Russian elite athletes, who are supposed to be, by some standards, the healthiest part of the human population. Results The prevalence rate of TTV among the Russian Olympic Reserve members was 94% (for test sensitivity about 1000 genome equivalents per 1 ml of blood). Quantities varied from 103 (which corresponded to detection limit) to 1010 copies per 1 ml of blood, with median at 2.7 × 106 copies. Conclusion About 94% of healthy individuals in Russian population have more than 1000 TTV genome copies per 1 ml of blood. This result exceeds the previously published data, and can be explained by either more sensitive PCR test system or by higher TTV distribution in Russian population or both. TTV viral load neither depends on gender, nor age.