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The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) of 2015 requires that K-12 educational agencies invest federal education funds in evidence-based practices. We estimated what percentage of Title I funds at a large school district are invested in practices supported by a single study meeting one of the top three tiers of evidence as defined by ESSA. Over 95% met this bar. When studies about each practice from four research repositories were considered, the percentage of funds invested in practices with overall positive or mostly positive ratings fell below 60%. These proportions did not change substantially after the introduction of ESSA.

Introduction The success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is limited by the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), an acute inflammatory process triggered by the influx of alloreactive effector T [...], Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is initially triggered by alloreactive T cells, which damage peripheral tissues and lymphoid organs. Subsequent transition to chronic GVHD involves the emergence of autoimmunity, although the underlying mechanisms driving this process are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that acute GVHD blocks peripheral tolerance of autoreactive T cells by impairing lymph node (LN) display of peripheral tissue-restricted antigens (PTAs). At the initiation of GVHD, LN fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) rapidly reduced expression of genes regulated by DEAF1, an autoimmune regulator-like transcription factor required for intranodal expression of PTAs. Subsequently, GVHD led to the selective elimination of the FRC population, and blocked the repair pathways required for its regeneration. We used a transgenic mouse model to show that the loss of presentation of an intestinal PTA by FRCs during GVHD resulted in the activation of autoaggressive T cells and gut injury. Finally, we show that FRCs normally expressed a unique PTA gene signature that was highly enriched for genes expressed in the target organs affected by chronic GVHD. In conclusion, acute GVHD damages and prevents repair of the FRC network, thus disabling an essential platform for purging autoreactive T cells from the repertire.

This article discusses the impact of TLX3 gene expression in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). TLX3 is a gene that is expressed in a subset of pediatric T-ALL cases. Previous studies have had conflicting results on the significance of TLX3 expression, but this study suggests that the use of measurable residual disease (MRD) stratification can mitigate its prognostic impact. The study also found that TLX3 rearrangement patients had a higher occurrence of refractory disease and a higher percentage of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), but there were no significant differences in survival rates compared to patients without TLX3 rearrangement. The study highlights the need for additional prognostic markers to refine relapse risk stratification. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a case of atopic dermatitis-like chronic cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) that responded to treatment with dupilumab, allowing for the withdrawal of oral glucocorticoids. The patient, a child with mucopolysaccharidoses type 1 (MPS1), developed GvHD after a stem cell transplant. Despite treatment with steroids and ruxolitinib, the patient's condition worsened. However, after starting dupilumab, the patient experienced a reduction in itch and a dramatic improvement in their rash. This case suggests that dupilumab could be a valuable addition to the treatment options for cutaneous GvHD. [Extracted from the article]

A study was conducted to compare two different methods prescribed for weight loss and the success of the program. Results revealed that success of the completion of the initial part of the program helped the long term maintenance of weight below the initial level.

Treatment of relapsed/refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (R/R B-ALL) in children remains a challenge, with only 30-50% of patients being salvaged by intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT),1 with a dismal survival for those who relapse after HSCT.2 Results of immunotherapy with blinatumomab or autologous/allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells hold out a promise of better outcomes3-6 and are now moving to the front-line of treatment protocols for selected high-risk patients (AALL1721/CASSIOPEIA, NCT03876769). The panel database included 230 patients with B-ALL, and for 138 patients (60%) the referring centre sought advice on curative treatment. The panel recommended antibody therapy for 47 patients (34%): blinatumomab for 34 patients, inotuzumab for eight, either blinatumomab or inotuzumab for five. [Extracted from the article]

Outlines the content and training methods used in the Program for Effective Teaching (PET), the successful staff development program of Newport News (Virginia). PET promotes application of five instructional skills: selecting learning objectives, teaching to the objectives, establishing learner focus, monitoring learner progress, and enhancing motivation, retention, reinforcement, and transfer. (PGD)