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Gut microbiome diversity and functions are jointly shaped by the host’s genetic background and environmental conditions, but the consequences of this interaction are still unclear. Unravelling the effect of the interaction between evolution and environment on the gut microbiome is particularly relevant considering the unprecedented level of human-driven disruption on the ecological and evolutionary trajectories of species. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether size-selective mortality influences the gut microbiome of medaka (Oryzias latipes), how environment conditions modulate the effect of the genetic background of medaka on their microbiota, and the association between microbiome diversity and medaka fitness. To do so, we studied two lineages of medaka that were raised under antagonistic size-selective regimes for 10 generations (i.e. the largest or the smallest breeders were removed to mimic fishing-like or natural mortality). In pond mesocosms, the two lineages were subjected to contrasting population density and light intensity (i.e. used as a proxy of primary production, hence resource availability). We observed significant differences in the gut microbiome composition and richness between the two lines, and this effect was mediated by light intensity. Indeed, the bacterial richness of fishing-like medaka (small-breeder line) was reduced by 34% under low-light conditions compared to high-light conditions, while it remained unchanged in natural mortality-selected medaka (large-breeder line). However, the observed changes in bacterial richness did not correlate with changes in growth rate or body condition, possibly due to functional redundancy among the microbial taxa residing in the gut. Given the growing evidence about the gut microbiomes importance to host health, more in-depth studies are required to fully understand the role of the microbiome in size-selected organisms and the possible ecosystem-level consequences.

En este trabajo se realiza una comparacion de ´ las turbinas autorrectificantes mas utilizadas en el ´ ambito de ´ los convertidores de ola basados en columna de agua oscilante. Las turbinas son llevadas a funcionar en su punto optimo de ´ extraccion de potencia mec ´ anica, a partir de la definici ´ on de ´ un coeficiente optimo y t ´ ecnicas de control de modo deslizante ´ adaptivo. Los resultados muestran que la propuesta de trabajar en el optimo genera m ´ as energ ´ ´ıa mecanica sin importar la turbina ´ utilizada.

Este trabajo presenta el control de un dispositivo de columna de agua oscilante, que incluye un generador sincrónico de imán permanente, para la extracción óptima de potencia. Se diseñan dos controladores de modo deslizante de segundo orden adaptables, que funcionan de manera robusta en modo deslizante real y muestran una notable mejora en la reducción del chattering cuando se los compara con el mismo esquema con ganancias fijas, al ser probados sobre el modelo completo del sistema.

This paper carried out a linguistic analysis of Friday sermons preached in three mosques in Yola, Adamawa state. It examined the lexico-syntactic structures of the language of these sermons. Purposive sampling technique was used to select six sermons from three different mosques covering the period of January to March 2015. The paper adopted the Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) Theory of Bresnan and Kaplan (1970) to analyse the syntactic structures. This is a based grammar in theoretical linguistics. It posits two separate levels of syntactic structure, a phrase structure grammar representation of word order and constituency, and a representation of grammatical functions such as subject and object, similar to dependency grammar. It mainly focuses on syntax, including its relation with morphology and semantics. The paper found out that the sermons were structured in the conventional pattern of presenting Islamic sermons: the overall diction was simple. The sentences were varied. Simple, compound and complex sentences were all present in the sermons. Functionally, affirmative declarative sentences dominated the sermons. The paper concluded that the lexico-syntactic structure of the sermons aided the semantic import. Thus it recommended that religious preachers should endeavour to adopt simple words and sentences that would enable the adherents imbibe the positive tenets of their religious worships and practises.

International audience

La optimización del aprovechamiento de la energıa de las olas se está desarrollando fuertemente de manera internacional y Argentina tiene gran potencial de este recurso. Entre todos los dispositivos capaces de transformar la energıa undimotriz, los sistemas de Columna de Agua Oscilante han sido los más estudiados y maximizar la extracción de potencia de la ola es el objetivo primordial de los últimos anos. Este trabajo avanza sobre una propuesta inicial de controladores de Modo Deslizante de Segundo Orden, considerando condiciones realistas de funcionamiento para el sistema y una configuración de ganancias adaptivas que reduce el chattering. Los resultados muestran notablemente la mejora esperada, a partir de reducir el esfuerzo de control, manteniendo la robustez ante incertidumbre en los parámetros, dinámica no modelada y perturbaciones.

Submitted by Adriana Martinez (amartinez@unoeste.br) on 2017-03-02T18:43:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintia.pdf: 4199006 bytes, checksum: 4e35d5c6a5f98e1cadde3f54c7159a37 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-02T18:43:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintia.pdf: 4199006 bytes, checksum: 4e35d5c6a5f98e1cadde3f54c7159a37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 In the last decades the cultivation of sugarcane has stood out in relation to the territorial expansion in the state of São Paulo. As a result, discussions about their effects on growth and economic development in the regions where it has a larger share of agricultural activity have become increasingly popular. Facing this context, the Pontal do Paranapanema region became a protagonist and object of research in relation to the advance of sugarcane and its effects on growth and economic development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the expansion of sugarcane on the growth and economic development indicators of UGRHI-22 in the period from 2004 to 2016. For this purpose, the Internal Product Total Gross GDP, Gross Domestic Product - Agricultural GDP and as indicators of economic development were considered the Municipal Human Development Index - IDHM and the Paulista Index of Social Responsibility - IPRS. Pearson's multiple correlation and Pearson correlation statistical techniques were used as methods for data analysis. As results, it was obtained that the cultivation of sugarcane in the UGRHI-22 occurred in an increasing form, with advance of 408%. Through statistical analyzes of multiple comparison, it was observed that the indicators of cultivation of sugarcane, Total GDP, Agro GDP and IPRS showed different behaviors in the analyzed period. However, the HDI showed the same behavior in the years 1991, 2000 and 2010, whose periods presented different levels of sugarcane cultivation, indicating that the evolution of the crop did not influence the evolution of the economic development of the region studied. Pearson's statistical analysis of linear correlation resulted in the absence of a significant correlation between the indicators Total GDP, Agro GDP and sugarcane cultivation for the years 2008, 2010 and 2012, however, There was a negative correlation between Total GDP and IPRS, indicating that economic growth did not accompany economic development, considering that for development there is a need to think beyond financial well-being but in social welfare and human development. In the analysis of Pearson's linear correlation between the Total GDP, Agro GDP and sugarcane cultivation performed between 2004 and 2013, a strong correlation was only found between the indicators Agro GDP and sugar cane cultivation , Indicating that the cultivation of sugarcane influenced only the economic growth of Agropecuária. Therefore, it is concluded that the advance of the sugarcane cultivation interfered in the economic growth of the sectors belonging to Agriculture, but did not generate positive impacts in the same proportion in the economic development of the UGRHI-22. In this sense, it is observed the need to develop and implement public policies with the purpose of making economic growth allied to economic development and thus provide well-being of the population from a financial, human and social point of view. Nas últimas décadas o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar apresentou destaque em relação à expansão territorial no estado de São Paulo. Com isso, tornaram-se crescentes as discussões acerca de seus efeitos em função do crescimento e do desenvolvimento econômico nas regiões em que apresenta maior participação na atividade agrícola. Frente a este contexto, a região do Pontal do Paranapanema tornou-se protagonista e objeto de investigação em relação ao avanço da cana-de-açúcar e seus efeitos no crescimento e no desenvolvimento econômico. Para tanto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da expansão da cana-de-açúcar nos indicadores de crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico da UGRHI-22 no período de 2004 a 2016. Para isso, foram considerados como indicadores de crescimento econômico o Produto Interno Bruto Total - PIB Total, o Produto Interno Bruto Agropecuária - PIB Agro e como indicadores de desenvolvimento econômico foram considerados o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal - IDHM e o Índice Paulista de Responsabilidade Social - IPRS. Como métodos para a análise dos dados foram aplicadas técnicas estatísticas de comparação múltipla e correlação linear de Pearson. Como resultados, obteve-se que o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar na UGRHI-22 ocorreu de forma crescente, com avanço de 408%. Através das análises estatísticas de comparação múltipla, observou-se que os indicadores de cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, PIB Total, PIB Agro e IPRS apresentaram comportamentos distintos no período analisado. Entretanto, o IDHM demonstrou o mesmo comportamento nos anos de 1991, 2000 e 2010, cujos períodos apresentaram diferentes níveis de cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, indicando que a evolução da cultura não influenciou na evolução do desenvolvimento econômico da região estudada. Através das análises estatísticas de correlação linear de Pearson obteve-se como resultado a ausência de correlação significativa entre os indicadores PIB Total, PIB Agro e cultivo da cana-de-açúcar para os anos de 2008, 2010 e 2012, no entanto, obteve-se uma correlação negativa entre o PIB Total e o IPRS, indicando que o crescimento econômico não veio acompanhamento de desenvolvimento econômico, tendo em vista que para que haja desenvolvimento é necessário pensar além do bem estar financeiro, mas no bem estar social e no desenvolvimento humano. Nas análises de correlação linear de Pearson entre os indicadores PIB Total, PIB Agro e cultivo da cana-de-açúcar realizada no período de 2004 a 2013, obteve-se correlação forte apenas entre os indicadores PIB Agro e cultivo da cana-de-açúcar, indicando que o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar influenciou apenas no crescimento econômico da Agropecuária. Portanto, conclui-se que o avanço do cultivo da cana-de-açúcar interferiu no crescimento econômico dos setores pertencentes à Agropecuária, entretanto, não gerou impactos positivos na mesma proporção no desenvolvimento econômico da UGRHI-22. Neste sentido, observa-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento e implantação de políticas públicas com a finalidade de tornar o crescimento econômico aliado ao desenvolvimento econômico e assim proporcionar bem estar da população do ponto de vista financeiro, humano e social.