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Apresenta práticas curriculares antirracistas do Programa Residência Pedagógica da Pedagogia da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-brasileira (UNILAB/CE). Programa federal voltado ao aperfeiçoamento da formação prática junto às licenciaturas. Os/as licenciando/as (brasileiros/as e africanos/as) fizeram uso da literatura africana e afro-brasileira para desenvolver atividades formativas e didáticas-pedagógicas antirracistas. Sendo evidenciado o estranhamento das crianças quanto a essa literatura, resistência às atividades, preconceito quanto à África e pessoas negras/africanas. À medida que foi dada continuidade às atividades pedagógicas, foi possível perceber o interesse das crianças em participar, em compreender sobre as diversidades e combater o racismo.

The present work describes the preparation and the investigation of the room temperature electrical and optical properties of a series of liquid nanocomposites (lnC) prepared with different concentrations of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in a variety of liquid matrices: glycerin, Vaseline, glucose, propylene glycol and silicone oil (SIO). Special attention is deserved to the SIO matrix, owing to its convenient electrical properties for our purposes. We verified that a small percent fraction of MWCNT dispersed along the SIO matrix is capable of improving the electrical conductivity of the matrix by orders of magnitude, indicating that the MWCNT strongly participates in the electrical conduction mechanism. Also, the application of an external electric field to this lnC resulted in large changes in the optical transmittance, that were interpreted as a consequence of the fieldinduced MWCNT alignment into the liquid matrix. The characteristics of such a new category of nanocomposite in the liquid state suggest further studies.

The seminar is characterized mainly by the activity of exposing and its thematic progression can be effected by the use of different strategies. In this sense, the present work aims to analyze the strategies of thematic progression of seminars presented by students of a 9th grade class from a public school in Teresina-PI. Methodologically, regarding the purposes, an exploratory and descriptive research was developed. Following the presentation of the seminars, it was found that some groups were able to operationalise more strategies than others and, therefore, they caught the audience’s attention to what was being exposed for more time. O seminário é caracterizado principalmente pela atividade de expor e a sua progressão temática pode ser efetivada pelo uso de diferentes estratégias. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar as estratégias de progressão temática de seminários apresentados por alunos de uma turma de 9º ano de uma escola pública de Teresina-PI. Gonçalves (2009), Gomes-Santos (2012) e Dolz (2004) são alguns teóricos usados para fundamentar este trabalho. Metodologicamente, quanto aos objetivos, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva. Constatou-se que alguns grupos conseguiram operacionalizar mais estratégias que outros e, por isso, mantiveram por mais tempo a plateia atenta ao que era exposto.

O seminário é caracterizado principalmente pela atividade de expor e a sua progressão temática pode ser efetivada pelo uso de diferentes estratégias. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar as estratégias de progressão temática de seminários apresentados por alunos de uma turma de 9º ano de uma escola pública de Teresina-PI. Gonçalves (2009), Gomes-Santos (2012) e Dolz (2004) são alguns teóricos usados para fundamentar este trabalho. Metodologicamente, quanto aos objetivos, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva. Constatou-se que alguns grupos conseguiram operacionalizar mais estratégias que outros e, por isso, mantiveram por mais tempo a plateia atenta ao que era exposto.

This article shows results on photoluminescence measurements of Si nanocrystals embedded in a SiO2 matrix. Photoluminescence spectra were obtained as functions of both temperature (10–510 K) and excitation power (0.01–100 mW). Optical emission bands with interesting behavior as temperature was raised were observed, and a model to explain these bands considering contributions from interface states associated with SiO x and Si–O–Si units, whose emissions are located around 1.32 eV, 1.41 eV and 1.57 eV, and from quantum confinement states associated with the Si nanocrystals, was proposed.

Essential oils are complex mixtures of organic substances with large commercial importance in the pharmaceutical, food, fragrance, and cosmetic industries due to their organoleptic and biological properties. Also, these materials are also luminescent what has taken several studies about its potential uses for the detection and quality control of essential oils, imaging, and for the investigation of the synergies of their constituents. Concerning this, the present work is dedicated to studying the optical properties of selected essential oils: citronella ( Cymbopogon winterianus), Japanese mint ( Mentha arvensis), clove bud ( Syzygium aromaticum), and bergamot ( Citrus bergamia). We carried out a comparative study of the photoluminescence and the ultraviolet–visible optical absorption (abs-UV–Vis) of these essential oils with their typical constituents. To inspect the effects of the intermolecular interactions on the optical response of these systems, mixtures between the essential oils constituents following the expected average percent mass fraction were also studied. From these experiments, the main results were bathochromic effects in the abs-UV–Vis spectra; excimer formation in citral, isopulegol, isomenthone, eugenol, and eugenyl acetate; excimer emission enhancing and specific solvent effect in the essential oils photoluminescence spectra. These results contribute to the knowledge of essential oils’ applications, especially in the evaluation of components’ interactions through a simple abs-UV–Vis assay.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-asp-10.1177_0003702821989694 for Optical Investigation of Essential Oils Using Absorbance and Photoluminescence by Fernando Aparecido Dias Radomski, Celso de Araujo Duarte, Evaldo Ribeiro and Eduardo Lemos de Sá in Applied Spectroscopy

In this work we investigated the electronic states of InAsP/GaAs QDs using photoluminescence (PL) and photomodulated transmission (PT) experiments. PL measurements were performed as a function of temperature and excitation power. As the recombination energy of the InAsP/GaAs QDs resides in between the extremes InAs/GaAs and InP/GaAs QDs, these two materials were also analyzed. From PL experiments we could identify the recombination from the QDs ground state and the contribution of the InAsP and InP wetting layer (WL) with a macro PL technique. PL measurements of annealed samples allowed us to to clearly identify the WL electronic states. Specifically for the InP/GaAs QDs, the WL and QD recombination overlap as a single PL band. Photomodulated transmission spectroscopy (PT) showed spectral structure consistent with the QD and WL assignments given after the PL analysis.

Nitride nanoparticles of ferromagnetic metal elements were produced by laser irradiation from metallic targets immersed in liquid nitrogen using Nd:YAG lasers with wavelengths of 532 and 1024 nm. Transmission electron microscopy analyses of the precipitated nanoparticles from the suspensions on microscopy grids reveal agglomerates consisting of polydisperse particles with sizes in the tens of nanometers range. Some particles with size of several hundreds of nanometers indicate that laser irradiation promotes cryoablation together with plasma erosion of the targets. Selected area electron diffraction analyses corroborated by Raman measurements indicate the formation of crystalline metal nitrides with spheroidal and acicular morphologies. Regardless of the laser radiation wavelength, nanoparticles with similar nitride phases are found: Fe 4 N and Fe 16 N 2 for Fe target, Co 2 N and Co 3 N for Co target, Ni 4 N with Ni 8 N for Ni target. All nanoparticles show superparamagnetic-like behavior with a blocking temperature varying significantly with the nanoparticle size. Such single-step method is a promising green route for nanoparticle production of these metal nitrides, which are commonly obtained using more complex and multi-step processes.

Introdução. A Dengue é uma doença grave causada por arbovírus da família Flaviviridae, transmitidos por picadas de insetos, especialmente pelos mosquitos Aedes aegypti, que precisa de água parada para sua proliferação. Por isso a importância de manter a higiene e evitar água parada. Pessoas de todas as faixas etárias são igualmente suscetíveis a dengue, contudo os idosos possuem maior risco de desenvolver quadros graves e complicações que podem levar à óbito. No atual contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 torna-se ainda mais urgente a implementação de ações de monitoramento, prevenção e controle, visando que as ações ocorram precocemente à efetividade das estratégias de enfrentamento da disseminação da dengue. Objetivos. Os objetivos desta pesquisa de vigilância epidemiológica da incidência da dengue no litoral paranaense são o monitoramento, prevenção e a publicização de casos novos de dengue para o planejamento de estratégias de redução do número de casos e da ocorrência de surtos no litoral paranaense. Metodologia. Utilizou-se a técnica de monitoramento epidemiológico comparativo das informações sobre o total dos casos confirmados e a incidência de autóctones (por 100.000 habitantes por município) da dengue nos sete municípios do Paraná, publicadas no boletim da Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Paraná (SESA/PR)[1] referentes à última Semana Epidemiológica disponível de cada mês, de janeiro a julho de 2019 e 2020. Resultados. Diante dos resultados obtidos, evidenciam-se no litoral paranaense um aumento progressivo dos casos de dengue em 2020, maior evidenciado a partir de final de abril, atingindo os totais de casos de dengue confirmados; e a incidência de autóctones, respectivamente: Paranaguá: 1.706;1.093,93; Guaratuba: 93; 248.67; Pontal do Paraná: 88; 304,10; Matinhos: 71; 143,25; Morretes: 35; 171,09; Antonina: 1; 5,26; Guaraqueçaba: 1; 0,00, valores muito superiores aos que foram encontrados nos mesmos períodos em 2019.Conclusão. É imprescindível ações de vigilância e promoção da saúde ambiental, principalmente nesta época em que estamos passando, onde há um aumento progressivo de casos de dengue no litoral paranaense ao qual gera um alerta considerando que se soma ao cenário da pandemia de COVID-19, a prevenção e controle da dengue nos municípios do litoral paranaense para a mitigação e possível erradicação do mosquito Aedes aegypti, vetor e transmissor dos vírus de doenças como a dengue, zika e chikungunya, em todo o território epidêmico investigado. Palavras-chaves: Monitoramento Epidemiológico. Aedes aegypti. Vigilância em Saúde Pública.

Introdução: O projeto 93, envolvendo os cursos de graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Serviço Social e Educação Física do Setor Litoral da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) e Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Paranaguá/PR, enfatizou a construção da Educação Interprofissional (EIP) em Saúde no desenvolvimento de ações integradas inseridas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), com extensão à rede intersetorial1. Objetivos: analisar de maneira crítica as potencialidades e desafios encontrados pela equipe do PET Saúde no município de Paranaguá/PR, no que tange à sua implementação visando a EIP no SUS. Metodologia: Relato de experiência sobre a implementação da educação e do trabalho interprofissional2 na rede de Paranaguá/PR, com equipes PET distribuídas em suas ações de atenção primária à saúde (APS) em territórios cobertos por Estratégias de Saúde da Família (ESF), vinculadas aos Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família (NASF) e Centros de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS), assim como nas abordagens intersetoriais com a Educação e Assistência Social, envolvendo a formação e participação de profissionais de fonoaudiologia, fisioterapia, serviço social, psicologia, nutrição e saúde coletiva do município. Resultados: Destaca-se como potencialidades do projeto, o desenvolvimento de ações implementadas por equipes interprofissionais dentro da proposta de integração da rede de atenção à saúde em Paranaguá/PR orientada por uma abordagem de EIP e intersetorial, voltada ao aprimoramento profissional dos serviços e da formação dos discentes dos cursos de Saúde Coletiva, Educação Física e Serviço Social. Destaca-se ainda a contribuição sobre as reformas e alterações curriculares dos cursos de graduação na área de saúde, por meio de reflexões no campo da formação profissional e o fomento à gradativa inserção dos discentes em equipes interprofissionais compostas por preceptores e professores de diversas profissões da área da saúde3. Como desafios, a quebra do corporativismo profissional, o qual fragmenta as ações que envolvem o processo de trabalho nas equipes; a mudança organizacional e de contrato/rotatividade dos profissionais designados aos serviços de saúde; a formalização da cooperação técnica interinstitucional de maneira a instrumentalizar a educação permanente em saúde; a readequação das ações em atenção às novas demandas dos programas de saúde do SUS e a nova demanda trazida pelo contexto da pandemia. Considerações Finais: a atuação do PET Saúde em Paranaguá demonstra potencialidades da EIP para o SUS com ações intersetoriais que impactam nos serviços, estudantes, preceptores e tutores envolvidos. Todavia, desafios persistem nos processos de organização, gestão e reorientação do trabalho, em conjuntura agravada pela pandemia. Palavras-chave: Educação interprofissional. Formação profissional. Educação Permanente. Comportamento cooperativo. Sistema Único de Saúde.

Background Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a putative marker for prenatal testosterone and is correlated with performance in many sports. Low 2D:4D has been linked to strength but the evidence is mixed and strength is also influenced by mass, testosterone, and behavioural factors. It has been hypothesised that the 2D:4D-strength correlation may be strongest in challenge conditions when short-term changes occur in steroid hormones. Aims We tested this suggestion in men. Study design We used a cross-over study design with a challenge (an aggressive video of rugby tackles) and control (a blank screen) condition. Subjects 89 healthy men. Outcome measures Finger lengths (2nd and 4th for both hands), hand-grip strength (HGS), testosterone (T), cortisol (C), aggression (Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire) and personality type (Ten Item Personality Measure). In both conditions participants provided saliva samples (for hormone assays). Results In the challenge condition there was a highly significant increase in HGS, and modest changes in T, physical aggression and emotional stability. HGS correlated negatively with left hand 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, left hand 2D:4D was negatively related to HGS and emotional stability was positively related to HGS. In the control condition HGS was not correlated with 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, BMI, physical aggression, and emotional stability were significantly related to HGS. Conclusions 2D:4D is a negative correlate of strength in challenge situations. This finding may in part explain associations between 2D:4D and sports performance.

We investigate the water-repellent ability of graphene-based surfaces stabilized on silicon carbide (SiC) and the nanocrystalline cerium oxide (CeO2) films electrodeposited on them. Water contact angle is revealed strongly dependent on the number of graphene monolayers on SiC, indicating partial permeability of graphene on SiC. Fluctuations in the roughness of textured surfaces as well as variations of oxygen vacancy content in CeO2 electrodeposits are determinant for the hydrophobicity of the interaction between water droplets and nanocrystalline CeO2 electrodeposits on monolayers graphene on SiC.

O presente trabalho busca discutir a importância dos intelectuais negros e negra para a construcao de novas epistemologias, com o intuito de repensar o poder e a producao de conhecimento. Para tanto, se localiza dentro do contexto de lutas da populacao negra, nao estamos falando de objetos de pesquisa, mas sim, de sujeitos produtores: de suas historias; de suas pesquisas; suas epistemologias; seus lugares de fala. Desta forma, apresenta o contexto, demarcado pelas relacoes de poder, de colonialidade e descolonizacao. E apresentado uma breve compreensao do termo intelectual e por fim, aponta como “caminho”: o “outro da razao”, uma epistemologia desde o Sul, uma outra epistemologia, nao hegemonica. Negros Intelectuais. Descolonizacao. Epistemologias Intellectual Black People: decolonizing knowledge and power ABSTRACT This work aims to discuss the importance of the intellectual black men and women to the construction of new epistemologies, in order to rethink the power and the knowledge production. Therefore, it’’s placed inside the context of the black people movements, not by means of research objects, but subjects that build their own histories, their own researches, epistemologies and place of speech. In this way, it’s presented the context, surrounded by power relations, of coloniality and decoloniality. Also, a brief comprehension of the intellectual concept and lastly, it’s pointed as a “way”: the “other side of the line”, a south epistemology, and another, one that is not hegemonic. Intellectual Black People. Decolonization. Epistemologies

Chromium nitride nanoparticles with mean diameter distribution between 0.8 nm and 30 nm were produced by laser irradiation of a chromium target immersed in liquid nitrogen. Cr was directly converted to chromium nitride nanoparticles according to selected-area electron diffraction analyses using the transmission electron microscopy technique. Crystalline nanoparticles mostly consist of Cr 2 N , which is commonly reported together with the conversion of Cr 2 N to CrN and the mixture of chromium oxides. In addition, there is no evidence of oxidation by storage or photodegradation of the nanoparticles in isopropyl alcohol suspensions. The intensity profile of small-angle X-ray scattering indicates that the geometrical shape of the nanoparticles is not spherical but cylindrical with aspect ratio (height-to-radius) of 0.35– 0.05. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy reveals the presence of surface plasmon absorption at the ultraviolet region at wavelengths of 350, 372, and 397 nm. First-principles calculations of density of states, dielectric function, and optical conductivity performed within the theoretical framework of density functional theory for Cr 2 N with a hexagonal structure corroborate the formation of surface plasmons.Chromium nitride nanoparticles with mean diameter distribution between 0.8 nm and 30 nm were produced by laser irradiation of a chromium target immersed in liquid nitrogen. Cr was directly converted to chromium nitride nanoparticles according to selected-area electron diffraction analyses using the transmission electron microscopy technique. Crystalline nanoparticles mostly consist of Cr 2 N , which is commonly reported together with the conversion of Cr 2 N to CrN and the mixture of chromium oxides. In addition, there is no evidence of oxidation by storage or photodegradation of the nanoparticles in isopropyl alcohol suspensions. The intensity profile of small-angle X-ray scattering indicates that the geometrical shape of the nanoparticles is not spherical but cylindrical with aspect ratio (height-to-radius) of 0.35– 0.05. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy reveals the presence of surface plasmon absorption at the ultraviolet region at wavelengths of 350, 372, and 397 nm. First-principles calcul...

An experimental investigation to determine the specific heat, thermal conductivity and apparent density of mate leaves (Ilex paraguariensis) was carried out. The experimental method of mixtures and a quasi-adiabatic calorimeter were used to obtain a specific heat of dry leaves close to 1780 ± 450 J/kg/K. A thermal conductivity of 0.17 ± 0.01/W/m/K was tuned on transient experimental measurements of temperature in a dry bar of mate leaves. A dynamic one-dimensional heat transfer model was involved in this procedure of tuning. An apparent density equal to 750 ± 40 kg/m was experimentally found. The effect of moisture content on these thermophysical properties was also theoretically investigated by involving simplified models based on properties of only dry matter and water. Analogous results available in the literature support the reliability of all experimental data and equations presented in this investigation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Mate manufacturing basically involves a stage of enzymatic deactivation and a process of drying that are together responsible for almost the full energy consumed in the mate industry. A detailed description of both these processes with mathematical models is a cheap and safe way to process optimization and energy saving. However, the knowledge of the specific heat, thermal conductivity and density of the processed material whose availability is limited in the literature is required for model solution.

Er and O have been co-implanted into Be doped low-temperature LT-GaAs. Plateau-like profiles from 10 to ∼145 nm below the sample surface and with an Er concentration at 10 19 cm −3 were obtained. Samples with different Er to O ratios (1:0, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8) were prepared and annealed in the 550–850 °C temperature range for 30 s. Photoluminescence (PL) data for samples with 1:2 ratio shows that Er intensity is enhanced by a factor of ∼5 as compared to the non-oxygen implanted samples. In order to optically activate Er higher temperatures are required compared to the samples where oxygen is not introduced. Once Er emission is activated, it is found to be thermally stable. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows no Er-rich precipitation for the co-implanted samples while those samples without oxygen have ErAs precipitates. We believe that the absence of these precipitates in the co-implanted samples is responsible for better temperature stability for Er emission.

Photoluminescence (PL) of Si nanocrystals embedded in SiO 2 was systematically studied by changing Si fluence, implantation temperature (−200 up to 800 °C) and post-annealing temperature. PL signal in the wavelength range 650–1000 nm was observed after annealing. We have observed that the PL intensity and spectra shape are dependent on the implantation temperature. A PL peak redshift is observed when this temperature is increased. Same PL intensity was achieved with fluence three times lower by implanting Si at 400 °C than at room temperature. From our results we have confirmed that implantations at 400 °C or higher play an important role facilitating the crystallites growing process during posterior annealing at high temperature.

We report on the growth of quantum dot (QD) layers of InAsP alloys buried in GaAs by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Ternary QDs were obtained by the addition of a PH3 flux during the InAs QD growth, exhibiting recombination energies lying between those of InAs and InP QDs. The electronic properties of these QDs, as evaluated by photoluminescence spectroscopy, could be tailored by varying both the growth rate and the PH3 flux for a constant AsH3 flux. The morphology of these QDs was investigated by transmission electron microscopy from which the formation of an InAsP ternary alloy QDs was inferred. Based on electron microscopy results, the fundamental role of As incorporation on the morphology of and on the defect nucleation associated to InAsP QDs could be then evaluated. From this optical–structural combined analysis, we were able to identify the growth conditions that produce good quality InAsP QDs embedded in GaAs.

We have optically and structurally investigated the effect of the barrier alloy composition and number of wells in strain compensated InGaAsP/InP multiquantum well (MQW) samples grown by low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy that emit close to 1.55 μm. Low temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra exhibited two additional anomalous emission lines, below the fundamental QW transition. The PL temperature evolution of such anomalous transitions deviates significantly from the bulk-like band gap behavior expected. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) shows that partial elastic relaxation, characterized by localized surface deformations (like surface channels) and/or interfacial undulations occurs for all samples in which anomalous PL lines are observed. TEM results also show that the extra PL lines are correlated to neither Cu–Pt type atomic ordering in the well/barrier layers nor to phase separation. These anomalous transitions are tentatively attributed to the presence of interfa...

We studied the low temperature (77 K) photomodulated reflection and transmission as well as the photoluminescence at 2.2 K of a self-assembled InxGa1−xAs quantum dot layer grown on a (100) GaAs substrate in the vicinity of a two-dimensional electron gas. The dot layer was grown without rotation of the substrate in order to achieve a gradual variation of the In concentration along the wafer diameter. This resulted in an increase in the density of quantum dots along the In concentration gradient, which is reflected in a characteristic dependence of the relative intensities of the spectral lines. A consistent assignment of the optical structure observed in all spectra leads to an estimate of the average value of the Fermi energy in the conduction band of the wetting layer (EF≃13.4 meV). The variation of this Fermi energy along the composition gradient can be obtained from the spectra, and an estimate of the gradient of the density of quantum dots along this direction can be made. A careful comparison of the ...

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos This research entitled "Black Intellectual, Intellectual Black or Black-Intellectual: notes of the process of becoming Black-intellectual", aimed at understanding processes in which Black men and women have made himself / herself in intellectual and identify their experiences of men and women Blacks to form up and intellectuals can contribute to the education of ethnic-racial relations. For this purpose, I make the use of the research question: What processes are present in the form themselves as Black intellectuals? The methodology of the present research is based on principles of Phenomenological that inspires the researcher's stance in relation to the object of research, the research participants, the processes of collecting, analyzing and interpreting data. There were three in-depth conversations with professionals, self-identified Blacks, recognized as intellectuals, with the goal of understanding the meanings of processes experienced by Black men and women as they constitute intellectual. The research allowed an understanding that to constitute themselves as Black and as intellectual, there is a mutual strengthening of both: the Black person and the community to which they belong. Also identified not only studies schools and universities as places of education but also family influences, sensitivity to perceive and study social realities that affect Blacks and especially coexistence and fights with the Black Movement. The Black intellectuals seek to act in the community, in dialogue with the Black community, with other intellectuals and society in general. Its education proceeds in the following dimensions: Becoming Black: a testimony of Blackness; Digging spaces: actions, reactions and joints; Definitions and ide as of who is Black intellectual; Persistence and Militancy: as if you re working out in cold iron. A presente pesquisa intitulada: Negro Intelectual, Intelectual Negro ou Negro-Intelectual: considerações do processo de constituir-se negro-intelectual, objetivou compreender processos em que negros e negras têm se constituído intelectuais e identificar no que suas experiências de homens e mulheres negros ao formarem-se intelectuais podem contribuir para a educação das relações étnico-raciais. Para tanto, valho-me da questão da pesquisa: Que processos estão presentes no constituir-se negro(a) intelectual? A construção metodológica do presente trabalho se apoia em princípios da Fenomenológica, que inspira a postura do pesquisador em relação ao objeto da investigação, aos participantes da pesquisa, aos processos de coleta, análise e interpretação dos dados. Realizaram-se conversas aprofundadas com três profissionais, autodeclarados negros, reconhecidos como intelectuais, com o objetivo de compreender significados de processos vividos por negros e negras ao se constituírem intelectuais. A pesquisa permitiu compreender que ao ir se constituir negro/a e intelectual, há um mutuo fortalecimento tanto da pessoa negra como da comunidade da qual faz parte. Permitiu também identificar não só os estudos escolares e universitários como lugares de formação, mas também influências familiares, sensibilidade para perceber e estudar realidades sociais que atingem os negros e notadamente a convivência e lutas junto ao Movimento Negro. Os negros intelectuais buscam agir na coletividade, em dialogo com a comunidade negra, com outros intelectuais e a sociedade em geral. Sua formação procede nas seguintes dimensões: Tornar-se negro: um testemunho de negritude; Cavando espaços: ações, reações e articulações; Definições e ideias de quem seja negro(a) intelectual; Persistência e Militância: como se estivesse malhando em ferro frio; A luta continua: esperança e perseverança.

Este artigo buscou investigar as contribuições da escrita de diários para estudantes de um curso de Pedagogia que já haviam cursado as disciplinas de estágio supervisionado para a docência, em que uma das atividades se referia à elaboração de diários de campo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários com perguntas abertas. A análise dos dados evidenciou que os alunos registravam os acontecimentos no diário logo após o estágio e realizavam uma descrição detalhada deles. Para a maioria dos estudantes a escrita dos diários possibilitou a reflexão sobre a prática observada e sobre a sua própria prática, configurou-se como um apoio à memória e possibilitou o distanciamento das experiências vividas, permitindo a análise mais densa destas. Além disso, evidenciou-se a importância de o formador oferecer feedbacks, orais ou escritos, e de a reflexão sobre os acontecimentos ser pautada no referencial teórico. This article investigated the contribution that keeping a diary, made to pedagogy students who had already attended a course with a supervised teaching stage, in which one of the activities involved the development of field diaries. Data was collected from questionnaires with open questions. Data analysis showed that the students recorded the events in the diary shortly after the supervised lesson/teaching period and that they produced a detailed description of the facts/events. For most students, keeping a diary allowed them to reflect on the practice (of other students) they observed, and on their own practice, while also assisting their memory of events and permitting some detachment from their experiences, thereby allowing a more profound analysis of what took place. Moreover, it provided evidence of the importance of the supervisor offering feedback, written or oral, and also the importance of referring to theoretical literature while reflecting on one's teaching.

We discuss recent measurements of photomodulated and electromodulated spectroscopy (77 K) as well as photoexcitation luminescence (2 K) in some In.Ga1−xAs/GaAs superlattices. Our results show clear evidence of Franz Keldysh and Stark-Wannier regimes for different samples and field values. In one of the samples, light and heavy holes are shown to be in different field regimes simultaneously. These studies support the idea that band line-up at the heterojunction is always such that the light holes are essentially unconfined.

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos This study, intitled Narratives of Thereza Saints - Contributions for the Education of the Ethnic-Racial Relations , have the objective to identify and to understand the pedagogical potentialities gifts in the narrative of Thereza Saints for the education of the ethnic-racial relations. Being thus, it is had following orienting question: Which pedagogical potentialities for the education of the ethnic-racial relations are gifts in the narrative of Thereza Saints? To understand the search field, it is had as theoretical references the education agreement, of education of the ethnic-racial relations, pedagogical potentiality and on narratives. The metodológicos ways have its bases in the fenomenológica position, being that it searched to understand the lived process. The identification and understanding of the pedagogical potentialities if had given from the principles pointed in Parecer CNE/CP 003/2004 establishing national curriculum guidelines for the education of education of the ethnic-racial relations and for the education of history and culture afro- Brazilian and African who are: conscience historical politics and of the diversity, reinforcement of identities and rights, educative actions of combat racism and to the discrimination. After to identify the pedagogical potentialities for the education of the ethnic-racial relations, was understood that they make possible: to fortify the ethnic-racial belonging, the ethnic identity, the conscience of the diversity of the ethnic-racial groups; to collaborate for the reinforcement of rights, the overcoming of the ethnic-racia inequalities, for the search for justice. It has possibility also learn-teach-to learn on African history, culture and values and afro-Brazilians. The study it pointed with respect to the importance of the guides, that is, the principles presented in Parecer CNE/CP 003/2004, to evaluate and to produce materials for the education of the ethnic-racial relations. It evidenced that to find pedagogical potentialities in education materials it is a tool for the education of the ethnicracial relations. It understood that Thereza Saints is a black intellectual and that in its narrative has elements that they contribute for the education of the ethnic-racial relations, for the construction of the black identity, for the education of history and culture afro- Brazilian and African and for the formation of professors. Esta pesquisa, intitulada Narrativas de Thereza Santos Contribuições para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais , têm o objetivo de identificar e compreender as potencialidades pedagógicas da obra de Thereza Santos para a educação das relações étnico-raciais, por meio da prática social da leitura. A questão orientadora do estudo é: Quais potencialidades pedagógicas para a educação das relações étnico-raciais estão presentes na narrativa de Thereza Santos? Os caminhos metodológicos têm suas bases na postura fenomenológica, e na busca de compreender os processos vividos por uma intelectual negra. A identificação e compreensão de potencialidades pedagógicas foram organizadas a partir dos princípios apontados pelo Parecer CNE/CP 003/2004, que institui Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais e para o Ensino de História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana: consciência política e histórica da diversidade, fortalecimento de identidades e de direitos, ações educativas de combate ao racismo e à discriminação. Entendo por potencialidades pedagógicas materiais que podem criar aprendizagens e ensinamentos, podem possibilitar novas visões de mundo. Foi verificado que as narrativas de Thereza Santos oferecem possibilidade de: fortalecer o pertencimento étnico-racial, a identidade étnico-racial, a consciência da diversidade dos grupos étnico-raciais; colaborar para o exercício de direitos, para a superação das desigualdades étnico-raciais, para a busca por justiça, além de conhecer sobre a história, cultura e valores africanos e afro-brasileiros, que contribuem para a educação das relações étnico-raciais. A partir dos princípios apresentados no Parecer CNE/CP 003/2004, o estudo apontou para a importância de guias para avaliar e produzir materiais para a educação das relações étnico-raciais. Constatou que encontrar potencialidades pedagógicas em materiais de ensino é uma ferramenta para a educação das relações étnico-raciais, para a formação de professores.

Optical and micro-structural properties of ordered/disordered/ordered $\mathrm{InGaAsP}$ quantum wells grown on $\mathrm{GaAs}$ substrates were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selective area diffraction. Strong evidence of carrier localization effects was obtained from low temperature photoluminescence experiments. Photoluminescence spectra of thinner quantum wells were dominated by a broad emission band located at energies below the bandgap of the well material. The energy peak position of this emission varied considerably with the laser excitation power. Carrier localization was attributed to potential fluctuations in the barrier and well layers, as a result of two coexisting effects: Spontaneously atomic ordering and, in a minor degree, alloy inhomogeneities. We show that a reduction of the ordering degree in the bottom barrier layer resulted in a considerable decrease of localization effects in quaternary quantum well heterostructures.

The prescription for quantum information processing (QIP) devices requires a series of stringent requirements that must be fulfilled for successful operation. The capability of storing electrons, one by one in a predictable and controllable manner makes self‐assembled quantum dots (QDs) a promising candidate for the use of the spin degree of freedom of trapped electrons as qu‐bits. The embodiment of excitons as qu‐bits can be also implemented in QDs, given the relatively long dephasing times. Here two relevant parameters are explored aimed at QIP device implementations: a) valence band line‐up in QDs and b) g‐factor engineering in QDs.