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Purpose: An optimal once-daily radiotherapy (RT) regimen is under investigation for definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in limited disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC). We compared the efficacy and safety of dose escalation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Materials and Methods: Between January 2016 and March 2021, patients treated with definitive CCRT for LD-SCLC with IMRT were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who received a total dose <50 Gy or those with a history of thoracic RT or surgery were excluded. The patients were divided into two groups (standard and dose-escalated) based on the total biologically effective dose (BED, α/β = 10) of 70 Gy. The chemotherapeutic regimen comprised four cycles of etoposide and cisplatin. Results: One hundred and twenty-two patients were analyzed and the median follow-up was 27.8 months (range, 4.4 to 76.9 months). The median age of the patients was 63 years (range, 35 to 78 years) and the majority had a history of smoking (86.0%). The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates of the escalated dose group were significantly higher than those of the standard group (93.5% and 50.5% vs. 76.7% and 33.3%, respectively; p = 0.008), as were the 1- and 3-year freedom from infield failure rates (91.4% and 66.5% vs. 73.8% and 46.9%, respectively; p = 0.018). The incidence of grade 2 or higher acute and late pneumonitis was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.062, 0.185). Conclusion: Dose-escalated once-daily CCRT with IMRT led to improved locoregional control and survival, with no increase in toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Surface-guided radiation therapy is an image-guided method using optical surface imaging that has recently been adopted for patient setup and motion monitoring during treatment. We aimed to determine whether the surface guide setup is accurate and efficient compared to the skin-marking guide in prostate cancer treatment. Materials and Methods: The skin-marking setup was performed, and vertical, longitudinal, and lateral couch values (labeled as "M") were recorded. Subsequently, the surface-guided setup was conducted, and couch values (labeled as "S") were recorded. After performing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the final couch values was recorded (labeled as "C"), and the shift value was calculated (labeled as "Gap (M-S)," "Gap (M-C)," "Gap (S-C)") and then compared. Additionally, the setup times for the skin marking and surface guides were also compared. Results: One hundred and twenty-five patients were analyzed, totaling 2,735 treatment fractions. Gap (M-S) showed minimal differences in the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral averages (-0.03 cm, 0.07 cm, and 0.06 cm, respectively). Gap (M-C) and Gap (S-C) exhibited a mean difference of 0.04 cm (p = 0.03) in the vertical direction, a mean difference of 0.35 cm (p = 0.52) in the longitudinal direction, and a mean difference of 0.11 cm (p = 0.91) in the lateral direction. There was no correlation between shift values and patient characteristics. The average setup time of the skin-marking guide was 6.72 minutes, and 7.53 minutes for the surface guide. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the surface and skin-marking guides regarding final CBCT shift values and no correlation between translational shift values and patient characteristics. We also observed minimal difference in setup time between the two methods. Therefore, the surface guide can be considered an accurate and time-efficient alternative to skin-marking guides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: GI-101 (CD80-IL2v) is an innovative immunocytokine designed to direct IL2v to tumor and immune cells. The IL2v of GI-101 is engineered to enhance the expansion of cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells but not regulatory T (Treg) cells, and CD80 further inhibits immunosuppressive function of Treg cells. Early data from phase 1/2 study was presented at European Society for Medical Oncology 2023; in 61 patients who received GI-101, monotherapy activity was confirmed with great safety and tolerability. GI-101 induced significant expansion of lymphocytes, CD8+ T and NK cell, which was correlated with prolonged progression-free survival. Here, we present results of patients with gynecological cancer enrolled in Part A of GII-101-P101 (KEYNOTE-B59, NCT04977453). Methods: This study is an ongoing phase 1/2 study of GI-101 monotherapy and its combination with various agents in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors. In Part A, dose escalation using a 3+3 design (0.002-0.3 mg/kg; every 3 weeks) established the recommended phase 2 dose of GI-101 at 0.3 mg/kg, followed by an expansion cohort. The primary endpoint was safety, tolerability and investigator-assessed objective response. Results: At the data cut-off of 21 January 2024, 10 patients with gynecologic cancer who had previously failed standard of care, 5 patients with metastatic cervical cancer (mCC), a patient with metastatic endometrial cancer (mEC) and 4 patients with metastatic ovarian cancer. received 0.3 mg/kg of GI-101. Patients were aged 39-72 years and were all Asian (n=10), had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 (n=8) or 1 (n=2), and had a median of 3 prior lines of therapy (LoT, range: 1-10), including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB; n=4). Frequent (=50%) treatment-related adverse events were pyrexia (80%) and increased aspartate aminotransferase (80%) and alanine aminotransferase (70%), Among 10 patients, 1 confirmed complete response (cCR) and 1 unconfirmed partial response (uPR) were observed in mCC and mEC, respectively. The patient with mCC received 2 prior LoT, including ICB, and had tumor characteristics of proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) Combined positive score (CPS) 70. CR was observed after 2 cycles of GI-101, and the response was maintained for 12.4+ months (treatment duration 13.8+ months), indicating durable response induced by GI-101. Immune cell analysis revealed that the patient showed significant expansion of total lymphocytes, NK, CD8+ T and central memory T (Tcm) cells, 2.9, 1.9, 1.4, and 2.6-fold increase from baseline, respectively. The patient with mEC had multiple lung metastases and failed on 2 prior LoT, with tumor characteristics of pMMR, wild type p53 and PD-L1 CPS 35. After GI-101 treatment, the patient maintained stable disease (SD) for 8.2 months and the tumor turns to reduce by -36 % from 9.7 month of the treatment, evaluated as uPR (treatment duration 11.5+ months). The patient's peripheral blood showed robust expansion of total lymphocytes, NK, CD8+ T and Tcm cells (2.8, 5.7, 2.5, and 2.8-fold change from baseline, respectively). In 4 ovarian cancers with a median 5 prior LoT (range: 3-10), all patients' best target lesion reduction is assessed as SD showing 100% disease control rate. Conclusion: GI-101 was generally well-tolerated and provided evidence of tumor response and disease control in patients with gynecological cancer, regardless of previous anti-PD(L)1 therapies. The response kinetics showed both immediate and delayed tumor reduction after GI-101 treatment. Further exploration for new therapeutic option utilizing GI-101 in gynecological cancer is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]