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The purpose of this study is to identify the key factors to minimize carbon emission problem. Within this framework, an examination has been made by considering both data mining and fuzzy decision-making techniques. In the analysis process, N-gram methodology is implemented to the abstracts of 1711 studies in the "Sciencedirect" platform and five different indicators are selected. In the proposed decision-making model, firstly, selected criteria are weighted by Spherical fuzzy CRITIC. Secondly, E7 economies are ranked with RATGOS. Thirdly, a sensitivity analysis is performed, and a comparative evaluation is conducted by MAIRCA technique. The most important originality of this proposed model is generating a new technique named RATGOS. In the literature, there are various decision-making models to rank the alternatives. However, lots of researchers criticized these approaches due to some reasons, such as using Euclidean distance by calculating the distances to the negative ideal solutions. Thus, it is seen that there is a need for a new technique that considers geometric mean in proportional concepts. To reach this objective, the RATGOS technique is introduced so that it can be possible to reach more accurate results. The findings indicate that renewable energy usage is the most critical item to overcome carbon emission problem. Therefore, some measures should be taken to increase renewable energy investments. First, governments can offer incentives for renewable energy investments. These incentives may include various incentives such as tax exemptions and low interest loans. Moreover, more research and development works are required for the development of renewable energy technologies. In this way, it can make renewable energy technologies more effective and efficient. For future research directions, an evaluation can be carried out for developed countries because carbon emissions problem also plays a crucial role for the social and economic improvements of these economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new fuzzy decision-making model is created to evaluate whether the solar panels are efficient to minimize energy costs of the hospitals. The weights of the criteria are calculated by considering T-Spherical fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method. Moreover, for the purpose of measuring the coherency of the findings, analysis results are also calculated for different t values. Additionally, by making improvements to some criticisms to the classical DEMATEL method, a new technique is created by the name of TOP-DEMATEL while integrating some steps of technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to the DEMATEL technique. The main novelty of this study is that it is analyzed whether the solar panels are effective in reducing the costs of hospitals with an original decision-making model. It is concluded that generating own energy in the long run is the most crucial item according to both T-Spherical fuzzy DEMATEL and TOP-DEMATEL methods. The analysis results are quite similar for different t values. This situation gives information about the coherency and reliability of the findings. This situation gives information that the solar panels should be taken into consideration for the hospitals because they will minimize energy dependency of the hospitals. On the other side, the results of T-Spherical fuzzy TOP-DEMATEL indicate that the high initial investment cost is the second most critical factor in this respect. This finding is quite different by comparing with the results of T-Spherical fuzzy TOP-DEMATEL. Hence, it is seen that cost effectiveness should also be taken into consideration for the decision of generating the solar panels in the hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-Commerce is a shopping method that allows trading or placing an order for any product or service on a website with various payment methods. This method is gaining importance day by day and increasing its market share. Although the reasons for choosing e-commerce for consumers are different from each other, in general, criteria such as time, payment options and individualization affect preferences. In this study; e-commerce sites were compared, and 14 e-commerce sites were determined as alternatives based on expert opinions. These identified ecommerce sites were evaluated in terms of criteria such as brand image & reliability, campaign, cargo speed, packaging, payment options, personnel, call center services and functionality of the application. In the first part of the study, two clusters of e-commerce sites were created using cluster analysis. These clusters are grouped as general service e-commerce sites and specific service e-commerce sites. Thus, two homogeneous groups were formed from the large heterogeneous group. In the second part of the study, the criteria were compared and sorted using the spherical fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main performance indicators of hydrogen energy production should be improved. However, improving these factors also increase the operational costs of the companies. Because of this issue, there is a need for a priority analysis so that it can be possible to focus on more important factors. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to evaluate hydrogen production methods for global energy transition. In this process, a four-stage model has been proposed by getting evaluations from three different experts. Firstly, artificial intelligence-based decision-making can be implemented for expert prioritization. In the second stage, recommender system is conducted with collaborative filtering to complete the missing evaluations. Thirdly, selected criteria are weighted by using M-SWARA with QPFRS. Finally, method alternatives for hydrogen production are ranked via quantum picture fuzzy rough sets adopted VIKOR. The biggest contribution for doing this study is that artificial intelligence technique is integrated into the model and experts' importance coefficients are can be computed. Additionally, by using the collaborative filtering technique, empty evaluations can be filled scientifically. This contributes to the quality of the analysis process in many ways. Thanks to this technique, experts are given the opportunity not to answer questions they are not very sure about. The findings indicate that renewable energy expansion, energy efficiency and sustainable development are the most important criteria for global energy transition in hydrogen production. On the other side, the ranking results give information that thermal processes including steam methane reforming and biomass gasification is the most appropriate method alternatives for hydrogen production. Based on these analysis results, it is strongly recommended that research and development activities should be improved to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the renewable energy projects. With the help of this issue, it can be much easier to increase the performance of hydrogen production process. • Hydrogen production methods are evaluated for global energy transition. • A four-stage model has been proposed. • Selected criteria are weighted by using M-SWARA. • Method alternatives for hydrogen production are ranked via VIKOR. • Renewable energy expansion is the most important criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are a wide variety of hazards that create disasters and emergencies. These dangers may occur directly in the area of residence or may occur due to the impact of danger in another region. Both scenarios affect the individual's life to different extents. Making preparations to reduce the impact and severity of harm and damage caused by hazard-related risks is an important step for prevention activities. Within the scope of this paper, the perceptions of individual preparedness for disasters and emergencies of faculty members working at universities in Istanbul were examined. Faculty members' perception of individual preparedness for disasters and emergencies is of great importance for the general safety of educational institutions and society. This perception is essential to ensuring the safety of students, staff and other stakeholders. Faculty members' ability to recognize potential dangers and take appropriate precautions increases their ability to react quickly and effectively in times of crisis. In addition, this perception encourages faculty members to contribute to disaster and emergency plans. By being aware of individual security, assuming a stronger protective role for the institution, the perception of individual preparedness is a vital factor for the overall security of educational institutions and society. The findings were analyzed and the results were compared. According to the findings obtained from the study, it was determined that parameters such as age, marital status, working in the private sector, having an administrative position, receiving training on disaster and emergency situations, and being exposed to danger in the institution where one works, have an impact on individual perception in preparation for disasters and emergencies. It has been observed that these topics have an impact on raising awareness. The importance of faculty members' perceptions, awareness and individual readiness regarding preparedness for disasters and emergencies is emphasized in the study and suggestions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Path integration refers to the capability of utilizing self-motion information produced by one's own bodily movements to accurately determine and maintain one's position in space. Typically, path integration mechanisms come into play when visual information is limited or absent. The objective of this study was to develop a path integration test that relies solely on self-motion cues derived from body movements, without the involvement of visual cues. Methods: The study involved 157 volunteers (86 females and 71 males) aged between 18 and 70 years. Participants were asked to walk on a coordinated ground with their closed eyes and follow the six different commands. They were, after that, requested to return their initial position. Movement time was manually measured by the stopwatch. The distance between the original reference point and estimated starting point was recorded. Results: The second command that showed the lowest standard deviation out of the six commands given to the participants was observed as the more reliable test among the other commands (47.51±33.75). In addition, the completion time of the second command increased with increasing age (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study introduces an innovative spatial navigation approach utilizing the second command set. As an alternative, this command can be used to assess the human spatial navigation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) on the perception of tinnitus in the population. Methods: A web-based Google survey was performed between May and April 2020, and 1895 volunteers answered questions mainly related to demographic data, daily lifestyle during the pandemic, aural problems, and the presence of tinnitus. Participants with tinnitus were further evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Results: Of 1895 participants, 184 (9.4%) had tinnitus. Of 184 participants with tinnitus, 64.7% had tinnitus onset before the pandemic, whereas 35.3% had tinnitus onset after the pandemic. There was no significant difference between the parameters of the participants who had no tinnitus and those who had tinnitus onset before and after the pandemic (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between the THI results of the participants with tinnitus onset before and after the pandemic (p>0.05). The VAS scores of the participants with tinnitus onset after the pandemic were higher than those of the participants with tinnitus onset after the pandemic (p<0.05). The participants who had a tinnitus onset before the pandemic described alterations in their tinnitus perception as increased, decreased and unchanged tinnitus perception in 28.8%, 13.4% and 57.8%, respectively. Conclusion: Because of this study, we observed that the COVID-19 pandemic did not increase tinnitus and tinnitus-related problems. However, because of the life-threatening risks that come with the pandemic, people may not consider the effects of tinnitus as a primary problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This study aims to evaluate the significant risks in geothermal energy investments. For this purpose, a model is suggested by considering the Spherical fuzzy DEMATEL technique. With the help of the literature examination, eight important risks are identified for these projects. In the following step, their weights are calculated so that more significant risk issues can be understood. Another calculation is also performed by triangular fuzzy DEMATEL to check the consistency of the analysis results. The results of both Spherical and triangular fuzzy DEMATEL techniques are similar. The most essential risk issues are the same for both methods that demonstrate the validity of the findings. The results indicate that the risk of accidents because of incorrect design‐material use has the greatest importance since it has the highest weight. Moreover, the risks of decreased water resources and pollution of them also play a significant role in this regard. Great attention should be paid to the quality of the material to be used in geothermal energy facilities. Otherwise, there is a risk of explosion and fire in the facility. These problems threaten the lives of many people. In this process, states also have very important duties. Some standards should be determined for the quality of the material used in these facilities. In addition, the compliance of the quality of these materials with the regulations should be checked with the routine inspections. This situation will minimize the risk of accidents due to using poor‐quality materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to identify the most significant issues for the effective performance management of hospitals. Methods: Accordingly, seven indicators were selected based on the literature review results. An analysis was carried out using the Spherical fuzzy TOP-DEMATEL method to determine the most important ones among these criteria. Results: The main contribution of this study was that the prior indicators of effective performance management in the hospitals were identified. With the help of this issue, hospitals can take actions to improve performance without having too much costs. Moreover, the main methodological originality of this study is that a new decision-making model is proposed by the name of TOPDEMATEL. Conclusion: Effective supply chain is found as the best factor that affects the performance of the hospitals. Additionally, advanced technology also plays a key role in this framework. Nevertheless, qualified personnel criterion is on the last rank. Supply network refers to the process of providing medical supplies, medicines, equipment, and other resources for healthcare institutions. These resources are of great importance for the performance of hospitals as they are needed to deliver the service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]