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This preliminary ethical appraisal from the STOPSTORM.eu consortium is meant to raise critical points that clinicians administering stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation should consider to meet the highest standards in medical ethics and thus promote quality of life of patients recruited for radiotherapy treatments at a stage in which they experience a significant degree of vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic leaders in management from all over the world—including recent calls by the Academy of Management Shaw (Academy of Management Journal 60(3): 819–822, 2017)—have urged further research into the extent and use of questionable research practices (QRPs). In order to provide empirical evidence on the topic of QRPs, this work presents two linked studies. Study 1 determines the level of use of QRPs based on self-admission rates and estimated prevalence among business scholars in Indonesia. It was determined that if the level of QRP use identified in Study 1 was quite high, Study 2 would be conducted to follow-up on this result, and this was indeed the case. Study 2 examines the factors that encourage and discourage the use of QRPs in the sample analyzed. The main research findings are as follows: (a) in Study 1, we found the self-admission rates and estimated prevalence of business scholars' involvement in QRPs to be quite high when compared with studies conducted in other countries and (b) in Study 2, we found pressure for publication from universities, fear of rejection of manuscripts, meeting the expectations of reviewers, and available rewards to be the main reasons for the use of QRPs in Indonesia, whereas (c) formal sanctions and prevention efforts are factors that discourage QRPs. Recommendations for stakeholders (in this case, reviewers, editors, funders, supervisors, chancellors and others) are also provided in order to reduce the use of QRPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología is the property of Fundacion Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents the methodologies of conversations, research with everyday life and writing that were developed in the doctoral research, along with ethical issues that we face when narrating about the curricular creations with daily life of a public school in the periphery of Baixada Fluminense/RJ, awarded by the FAPERJ Notice of “Support for the improvement of public schools based in the State of Rio de Janeiro — 2021” for the development of the project “Plural languages: sounds, knowledge and flavors”. Education, democracy, intersectionality are woven into narratives such as confronting capitalism, colonialism and patriarchy, becoming a practice of research, training and curriculum writing. The text brings the debate on maintaining the anonymity of the school, students, education professionals and the community, a methodological issue that crossed the research, the debate with the bank in the qualification and with the guidance on protection in times of hate. We reflect on the school’s “right to appear”, in the face of public policies to control curricula, such as the National Common Curriculum Base, for example, and we continue to present research methodologies with everyday life, conversations and literary creation. The researched school, in this way, is all that and is none of that. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authorship represents a highly discussed topic in nowadays academia. The share of co-authored papers has increased substantially in recent years allowing scientists to specialize and focus on specific tasks. Arising from this, social scientific literature has especially discussed author orders and the distribution of publication and citation credits among co-authors in depth. Yet only a small fraction of the authorship literature has also addressed the actual underlying question of what actually constitutes authorship. To identify social scientists' motives for assigning authorship, we conduct an empirical study surveying researchers around the globe. We find that social scientists tend to distribute research tasks among (individual) research team members. Nevertheless, they generally adhere to the universally applicable Vancouver criteria when distributing authorship. More specifically, participation in every research task with the exceptions of data work as well as reviewing and remarking increases scholars' chances to receive authorship. Based on our results, we advise journal editors to introduce authorship guidelines that incorporate the Vancouver criteria as they seem applicable to the social sciences. We further call upon research institutions to emphasize data skills in hiring and promotion processes as publication counts might not always depict these characteristics.

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In experiments, researchers commonly allocate subjects randomly and equally to the different treatment conditions before the experiment starts. While this approach is intuitive, it means that new information gathered during the experiment is not utilized until after the experiment has ended. Based on methodological approaches from other scientific disciplines such as computer science and medicine, we suggest machine learning algorithms for subject allocation in experiments. Specifically, we discuss a Bayesian multi-armed bandit algorithm for randomized controlled trials and use Monte Carlo simulations to compare its efficiency with randomized controlled trials that have a fixed and balanced subject allocation. Our findings indicate that a randomized allocation based on Bayesian multi-armed bandits is more efficient and ethical in most settings. We develop recommendations for researchers and discuss the limitations of our approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A veces, cuando buscamos evidencia para responder a alguna pregunta clínica lo que nos encontramos en las conclusiones de revisiones sistemáticas son afirmaciones que indican que no se dispone de evidencia suficiente para poder emitir una recomendación para la práctica clínica. Esto suele ocurrir bien por falta de estudios que hayan evaluado esas variables, o porque no se han desarrollado con una metodología apropiada o bien porque la muestra era demasiado reducida para poder generar inferencias. Creo que todos somos responsables de hacer estudios que sean metodológicamente adecuados para poder generar conocimiento pues, de lo contrario, quizás un estudio que, en su planteamiento, resulte ético, puede dejar de serlo al someter a los sujetos de estudio a intervenciones que no van a servir para mejorar los cuidados. Sometimes, when we look for evidence for answering any clinical question what we found in the conclusions of the systematic reviews are statements that points out there is no enough evidence to make a recommendation for clinical practice. This usually happens because there is a lack of studies which had evaluated those variables, because studies did not have an adequate methodology or because sample was very small for making inferences. I think we all are responsible to do studies with a proper methodology to generate knowledge as, on the contrary, it might happen that one study with an ethic design may become inappropriate from an ethical point of view if subjects have interventions that are not useful to improve care.

The main purpose of this article is to discuss some ethical-methodological issues associated with scientific research in confinement settings, particularly those that result from the relationship with the confined individual in the framework of qualitative research. Basing the reflection on empirical research developed by both authors in Portuguese confinement settings – prisons and youth educational centres – we examine the significant challenges and dilemmas this type of research entails, exploring the interface between procedural ethics and ethics in practice at three points in the analytical process: before, during and after data collection. This article illustrates the interplay between formal and informal procedures, and between the initial distancing and strangeness when making contact with confinement settings and their social actors and the institutional and relational dynamics that become ingrained in our everyday practice. Our goal is to give visibility to these institutional and relational dynamics and to reflect on the challenges experienced by those who enter confinement settings to do research, in an effort to make the research process more transparent and at the same time more reflexive. We end our reflection advocating more ethically committed and critical scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book "Conducting Personal Network Research" is a conceptual and methodological introduction to the structural study of personal networks. It is part of a series of recent monographs that have begun to systematize the knowledge generated in this area in recent decades (Crossley et al., 2015; McCarty et al., 2019; Perry et al., 2018). In this case, the authors have dedicated a large part of their career to the empirical investigation of the interpersonal relationships, interaction contexts, and social integration processes of immigrants, along with other groups in vulnerable situations. With this publication, all this experience is now reflected in a clear and comprehensive introductory text. This book explains how to integrate relational data collection and analysis with survey research. It systematically presents the strategies to estimate the size of personal networks. Finally, it describes how to fit statistical analysis to relational data, including regression models, multi-level models, and longitudinal models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Educacao e Pesquisa is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Oral historians often work with the so-called vulnerable populations. They frequently deal with people who experienced both natural and artificial disasters: poverty, war, and violence. These can also be discriminated against communities as well as those that, for various reasons, have limited possibilities of defending their rights and need to be protected. Children born of war (CBOW) are individuals whose one parent, usually the mother, was a member of the invaded (occupied) local community. One, usually, the father, was one of the invaders, occupiers, have been classified as vulnerable. This qualification has been a starting point for considering the concept of vulnerability (with a suggestion of Polish translation of this notion taken from poetry). Not only concerning the studied group but also in terms of vulnerability of the researcher. The latter, however, has been relatively ignored in Academia, especially in humanities and social science. Researchers are not willing to talk about their emotions challenging the studies they do. The article discusses strategies of dealing with vicarious trauma and secondary traumatic stress in the context of oral history or the other sorts of documentary analysis and postulates, including emotions, feelings, and sentiments to academic curricula, as part of an ethical research approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have all realized that ample discussions about ethics and integrity occupy an important place in academia and beyond, as each of us had contact with issues raised by research ethics, either directly through our study or research interests or indirectly through the social behaviors with which we come into contract. All these have the merit of bringing to the public's attention rigorous debates that otherwise might be ignored, most often held in meetings of specialists from various university centers in Romania and sometimes with significant international participation. These topics are addressed in the volume "Etică şi integritate în educație şi cercetare" [Ethics and integrity in education and research], coordinated by Antonio Sandu & Bogdan Popoveniuc, published in 2018 by Tritonic Publishing House. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the development, methodology, enrollment, and outcomes of a graduate technical elective course on synthetic cells and organelles offered at the University of New Mexico, a minority-majority institution, in Fall 2022. The course had a significant ethics component and took advantage of readily available, low cost, and no-cost teaching materials that are available online. The course was effective in attracting a diverse enrollment of graduate students and senior undergraduates, some of whom participated in a survey of their backgrounds and motivations after the course was over. The article also provides results from this survey. Courses such as the one described have the potential to increase access and participation in emerging fields of research and technology such as synthetic cells.

The official vision of the U.S. Alzheimer's Association is "A world without Alzheimer's disease." The "dual mission" of the organization is "to eliminate Alzheimer's disease through the advancement of research and to enhance care and support for individuals, their families and caregivers." Using numerous reports from leading researchers and practitioners, a case is made by which the "dual mission" is grossly unbalanced with predominant focus on biomedical research aimed at curing the disease compared to research and practices focused on the psycho-social impacts of and adaptations to living with it. These experts discuss the likelihood of curing the disease, the complexity of realizing this goal, and the urgent need to "bring back the social and psychological aspects" of living with dementia to center stage. The moral responsibility to balancing the "dual mission" in accordance with the original motivation of the grassroots organizations who formed the association in 1980 is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Young children are often ignored or marginalised in the drive to address children's participation and their wider set of rights. This is the case generally in social research, as well as within the field of Arts-Based Education Research. This article contributes to the growing literature on young children's involvement in arts-based research, by providing a reflective account of our learning and playful engagement with children using creative methods. This small pilot project forms part of a larger international project titled Look Who's Talking: Eliciting the Voices of Children from Birth to Seven, led by Professor Kate Wall at the University of Strathclyde. Visiting one nursery in Scotland, we worked with approximately 30 children from 3 to 5 years old. Seeking to connect with their play-based nursery experiences, we invited children to participate in a range of arts-based activities including drawing, craft-making, sculpting, a themed 'play basket' with various props, puppetry and videography. In this article, we develop reflective, analytical stories of our successes and dilemmas in the project. We were keen to establish ways of working with children that centred their own creativity and play, shaped by the materials we provided but not directed by us. However, we struggled to balance our own agenda with the more open-ended methods we had used. We argue that an intergenerational approach to eliciting voice with young children – in which adults are not afraid to shape the agenda, but do so in responsive, gradual and sensitive ways – creates the potential for a more inclusive experience for children that also meets researcher needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on human subjects cannot occur if it does not comply with these ethical principles: autonomy, beneficence and justice. The historical antecedents that emphasized the need to have documents to guide the researchers' behavior point to regrettable events for humanity. Even though the first recommendations were published more than 50 years ago in the Declaration of Helsinki, it is possible to find examples of investigations that have been conducted without complying with the aforementioned ethical principles. Approval by an ethics committee is required by law for all the research projects that involve human subjects. At present, virtually all scientific journals require the proof of approval and they assess whether the risks which participants were subjected to in the studies were necessary, and they also assess whether the benefits that were obtained from the research justify its conduction. Meeting the criteria that are required in order to conduct a study in an ethical manner should not be seen as an imposition; but as a moral commitment that has been established between the researcher and the participants of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thesis. Religion is one of the most important factors determining human behaviour and attitudes. Religious beliefs are important for economic activity, and there have been many studies analyzing the relationship between religion and economics. However, they evoke much controversy, which makes it difficult to conduct research and formulate answers to questions arising regarding the connection between religion and economics. The aim of the article is to analyze how religion can influence economic growth activity. The thesis assumes that religion influences economic growth, but it is not possible to determine its positive or negative impact. The research methodology includes analysis of secondary data - critical analysis and reception of previous publications, as well as analysis of existing data characterizing the economy, the main religious denominations in society and the level of religiosity in society. Concepts discussed. The author has analyzed the current research on the influence of religion on the economy. Results and conclusions. The research results show that no religion can be considered as explicitly pro- or anti-growth. Originality. The analysis provides an answer to the question of whether religion influences economic growth, how to conduct research on the influence of religion on various aspects of economy and how to use the results of such research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing upon tenets of critical theory, cultural capital, global epistemologies, decolonization, Indigenous ways of knowing, mobility and translanguaging, ethics, and global citizenship, this article proposes a model of cross-cultural meaning making and worldly reading as a foundation for global epistemological eclecticism in our research and pedagogical pursuits. The imaginary represents an aspirational model in the interest of decolonizing and supporting “other”—notably confronting western exclusivity and racism and mobilizing epistemologies of southern scholars and Indigenous communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors (re)think writing as an ethical endeavor to explore and to cultivate more inclusive orientations for writing research and teaching. Situated in posthumanist scholarship on intra-activity, trans-corporeality, and translingual assemblages, they provide data–theory encounters that resist the privileging of alphabetic print, standardized written English approaches to writing pedagogies that have detached writers from the contextual doing/being/feeling demanded of composing-with-all-bodies. Data in the article are drawn from three separate research projects. Diffractively reading data through posthumanist theoretical concepts, the authors highlight the tensions and insights produced from their analysis to provoke an ethico-onto-epistemological shift in writing studies and classroom pedagogies, and to enliven the ethical work of exploring and cultivating more inclusive orientations to writing research and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemiology is defined as "the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease) in specified populations and the application of this study to control health problems." This article gives an overview and an introduction to epidemiology and explains the main study designs. The article also discusses the key ethical issues in epidemiological studies and its applications to modern day medicine.

This article aims to reflect on the ethical regulation of research involving human beings in the Human and Social Sciences. As members of an ethics committee focused on the evaluation of research in these areas, we intend to contribute to the defense of this regulation through a critical reflection, in which ethics is not understood as synonymous of technical knowledge. The priority mission of research ethics committees should be to protect the subjects involved in scientific research, which makes this a fundamental device for the social control of science. In addition to the ethical review protocol formally required, plural deliberations, of which society itself must participate, contribute to the notion of ethics. More particularly, in relation to our approaches to research subjects, we must take into account an ethics of responsibility that involves reflection on the unfolding of our presence and our actions through research in the lives and institutions that we propose to focus on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explains how an object - a sculpture of a Huastec goddess - has caused me to reflect differently on my doctoral dissertation work and how it has contributed to my research by helping to challenge and develop existing qualitative research methods used in my project. My research project investigates gender equality in the context of conditional cash transfers in Argentina in order to investigate whether they are empowering women. The sculpture of the Huastec Goddess has impacted on my research methods in different ways. Firstly, it has allowed me to emphasise the instrumentalisation of beneficiary women. Secondly, the Huastec sculpture has challenged my epistemological assumptions. Finally, the Huastec sculpture as an object moving from culture to culture and ending up in a museum as a collected artifact has encouraged me to think more carefully about the ethical implications of qualitative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we provide a nuanced perspective on the benefits and costs of covert research. In particular, we illustrate the value of such an approach by focusing on covert participant observation. We posit that all observational studies sit along a continuum of consent, with few research projects being either fully overt or fully covert due to practical constraints and the ambiguous nature of consent itself. With reference to illustrative examples, we demonstrate that the study of deviant behaviors, secretive organizations and socially important topics is often only possible through substantially covert participant observation. To support further consideration of this method, we discuss different ethical perspectives and explore techniques to address the practical challenges of covert participant observation, including; gaining access, collecting data surreptitiously, reducing harm to participants, leaving the site of study and addressing ethical issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Szociológiai Szemle is the property of Hungarian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educação is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Norplant® is the brand name of the world's first registered subdermal hormonal contraceptive implant, developed by the laboratories of the Population Council, an international organisation working in the area of fertility and population growth. The article revisits the trajectory of this contraceptive in Brazil from its arrival through clinical trials to its eventual ban in 1986 by the Brazilian regulatory agency responsible for approving medications at the time. Its circulation generated controversies related to research practices, side effects and political uses of the drug as a birth control method. This article focuses its analysis on the divergences related to research practices. It uses a controversy analysis technique, reviewing the versions of those involved, investigating their understandings and the effects that this object generated in their networks. Norplant® provoked displacements and associations between civil society groups, State authorities, scientists and physicians, industry, pharmaceutical products, research procedures, bureaucratic instruments, and the female users of the contraceptives. Scientific styles of medical thought were shaken up and new forms of thinking about scientific autonomy began to be discussed in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ethical aspects of the Brazilian publications about human Chagas disease (CD) developed between 1996 and 2010 and the policy adopted by Brazilian medical journals were analyzed. Articles were selected on the SciELO Brazil data basis, and the evaluation of ethical aspects was based on the normative contents about ethics in research involving human experimentation according to the Brazilian resolution of the National Health Council no. 196/1996. The editorial policies of the section "Instructions to authors" were analyzed. In the period of 1996-2012, 58.9% of articles involving human Chagas disease did not refer to the fulfillment of the ethical aspects concerning research with human beings. In 80% of the journals, the requirements and confirmation of the information about ethical aspects in the studies of human CD were not observed. Although a failure in this type of service is still observed, awareness has been raised in federal agencies, educational institutions/research and publishing groups to standardize the procedures and ethical requirements for the Brazilian journals, reinforcing the fulfillment of the ethical parameters, according to the resolution of NHC no. 196/1996.

As polêmicas entre pesquisadores sobre os princípios éticos e morais norteadores do planejamento e sobre o desenvolvimento de suas atividades com seres humanos são cada vez mais frequentes. O presente artigo foi elaborado com o objetivo de apresentar reflexões que possam contribuir para clarear as contradições dos princípios éticos defendidos pelos pesquisadores/psicólogos em referência à aplicação da Resolução CNS no 196/96, bem como em relação ao conteúdo do Projeto de Lei no 78/2006. Tenta-se apreender os significados de tais contradições no desenvolvimento da pesquisa em Psicologia. Elaborado, inicialmente, para contribuir com os debates no Fórum de Ética realizado no XIII Simpósio de Pesquisa e Intercâmbio Científico em Psicologia, promovido pela Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, o texto se vale da análise interpretativa de documentos, que é confrontada com a experiência das autoras em pesquisa e com referências bibliográficas. Em síntese, o texto situa a questão da ética na pesquisa diante do quadro normativo existente no País, desenvolve a análise dos documentos normativos e sugere algumas alternativas de ação tendo em vista o aperfeiçoamento do quadro regulatório.Las polémicas entre los investigadores sobre los principios éticos y morales guías de la planificación y sobre el desarrollo de sus actividades con seres humanos son cada vez más frecuentes. El presente artículo fue elaborado con el objetivo de presentar reflexiones que puedan contribuir para aclarar las contradicciones de los principios éticos defendidos por los investigadores/psicólogos en referencia a la aplicación de la Resolución CNS 196/96 así como con relación al contenido del Proyecto de Ley 78/2006. Se intenta abarcar los significados de tales contradicciones en el desarrollo de la investigación en Psicología. Elaborado, inicialmente, para contribuir con los debates en el Foro de Ética realizado en el XIII Simposio de Investigación e Intercambio Científico en Psicología, promocionado por la Asociación Nacional de investigación y Posgrado en Psicología, el texto se vale del análisis interpretativo de documentos, que es confrontada con la experiencia de las autoras en investigación y con referencias bibliográficas. En síntesis, el texto sitúa la cuestión de la ética en la investigación ante el cuadro normativo existente en el País, desarrolla el análisis de los documentos normativos y sugiere algunas alternativas de acción teniendo en vista el perfeccionamiento del cuadro regulatorio.The controversies among researchers about the ethical and moral principles that guide the planning and the development of their activities with human beings have become more frequent. This article was elaborated with the objective of presenting reflections that might contribute to enlighten the contradictions of the ethical principles supported by psychologist researchers and which are related to the application of CNS Resolution nº 196/96 and to the content of Law Project nº 78/2006. This is an attempt to understand the meanings of such contradictions in the development of psychological research. The text was developed initially to contribute with the discussions of the Forum on Ethics held at the XIII Symposium of Research and Scientific Exchange in Psychology, sponsored by the National Association for Research and Graduate Studies in Psychology, and it consists in an interpretative analysis of documents, compared with the research experience of one of the authors and the review of literature. In short, the text deals with the question of ethics in research in relation to the norms set in the country, develops the analysis of institutional documents and suggests some alternatives of action aimed at improving the regulatory framework.

O artigo aborda questões relativas ao óbito e sua investigação como elementos importantes para a Epidemiologia e a Saúde Pública. Ressalta aspectos ligados à melhoria da sua qualidade e da vigilância, bem como da pesquisa científica/epidemiológica nessa área, vistos sob a óptica da legislação e das normas éticas existentes no Brasil. Discute o problema relativo, a saber, "a quem pertence a informação em saúde e quais os limites de sua utilização", tratando, inclusive, da possibilidade do uso de bancos de dados identificados. Conclui sugerindo meios hábeis, como "Termo de Responsabilidade e Confidencialidade" por parte do pesquisador, para que a pesquisa científica/epidemiológica possa ter continuidade no país, com agilidade e oportunidade.This article addresses death and issues related to its investigation, as important components for Epidemiology/Public Health. It highlights aspects linked to the improvement of quality of investigation and surveillance of death, as well as the advance of scientific/epidemiological research in this area, analyzed in view of current legislation and ethical principles in Brazil. We discuss the problem related to knowing "whom the health information belongs to and which are the limits of its utilization", considering also the possibility of using identified databases. At the end, we suggest competent ways, as a "Term of Responsibility/Confidentiality" signed by the researcher in order to enable scientific/epidemiological research to continue in the country, in a more opportune and agile manner.

INTRODUCTION: It is important to know the reasons for resubmitting research projects to the Research Ethics Committee in order to help researchers to prepare their research projects, informed consent forms and needed research documentation. OBJECTIVES: To verify the reasons for resubmitting projects that were previously rejected by the Ethics Committee. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study that evaluated research projects involving human beings. Research projects were submitted in 2007 to the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. RESULTS: One thousand two hundred and fifty six research projects were submitted to the ethics committee and the average time for evaluating the research projects and related documents until a final decision was reached was 49.95 days. From the total, 399 projects were reviewed in 2 or more meetings until a final decision was reached. Of these, 392 research projects were included in the study; 35 projects were subsequently excluded for involving animals. Among the research projects included, 42.5% concerned research with new drugs, vaccines and diagnostic tests, 48.5% consisted of undergraduate students' research projects, 68.9% of the research had no sponsorship, and 97.5% were eventually approved. The main reasons for returning the projects to the researchers were the use of inadequate language and/or difficulty of understanding the informed consent form (32.2%), lack of information about the protocol at the informed consent form (25.8%), as well as doubts regarding methodological and statistical issues of the protocol (77.1%). Other reasons for returning the research projects involved lack of, inaccuracy on or incomplete documentation, need of clarification or approval for participation of external entities on the research, lack of information on financial support. CONCLUSION: Among the research projects that were returned to the researchers for additional clarification, the main reasons were inadequacies or doubts about the terms used in the informed consent form as well as lack of information regarding the research at the informed consent form and methodological and statistical issues regarding the protocol.