361 results on '"Estes, C"'
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2. The Overview of the National Ignition Facility Distributed Computer Control System
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Lagin, L. J., Bettenhausen, R. C., Carey, R. A., Estes, C. M., Fisher, J. M., Krammen, J. E., Reed, R. K., VanArsdall, P. J., and Woodruff, J. P.
- Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering ,J.2 - Abstract
The Integrated Computer Control System (ICCS) for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a layered architecture of 300 front-end processors (FEP) coordinated by supervisor subsystems including automatic beam alignment and wavefront control, laser and target diagnostics, pulse power, and shot control timed to 30 ps. FEP computers incorporate either VxWorks on PowerPC or Solaris on UltraSPARC processors that interface to over 45,000 control points attached to VME-bus or PCI-bus crates respectively. Typical devices are stepping motors, transient digitizers, calorimeters, and photodiodes. The front-end layer is divided into another segment comprised of an additional 14,000 control points for industrial controls including vacuum, argon, synthetic air, and safety interlocks implemented with Allen-Bradley programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The computer network is augmented asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) that delivers video streams from 500 sensor cameras monitoring the 192 laser beams to operator workstations. Software is based on an object-oriented framework using CORBA distribution that incorporates services for archiving, machine configuration, graphical user interface, monitoring, event logging, scripting, alert management, and access control. Software coding using a mixed language environment of Ada95 and Java is one-third complete at over 300 thousand source lines. Control system installation is currently under way for the first 8 beams, with project completion scheduled for 2008., Comment: submitted to ICALEPCS 2001, TUAP001
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- 2001
3. Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment
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Abu-Shawareb, H, Acree, R, Adams, P, Adams, J, Addis, B, Aden, R, Adrian, P, Afeyan, BB, Aggleton, M, Aghaian, L, Aguirre, A, Aikens, D, Akre, J, Albert, F, Albrecht, M, Albright, BJ, Albritton, J, Alcala, J, Alday, C, Alessi, DA, Alexander, N, Alfonso, J, Alfonso, N, Alger, E, Ali, SJ, Ali, ZA, Alley, WE, Amala, P, Amendt, PA, Amick, P, Ammula, S, Amorin, C, Ampleford, DJ, Anderson, RW, Anklam, T, Antipa, N, Appelbe, B, Aracne-Ruddle, C, Araya, E, Arend, M, Arnold, P, Arnold, T, Asay, J, Atherton, LJ, Atkinson, D, Atkinson, R, Auerbach, JM, Austin, B, Auyang, L, Awwal, AS, Ayers, J, Ayers, S, Ayers, T, Azevedo, S, Bachmann, B, Back, CA, Bae, J, Bailey, DS, Bailey, J, Baisden, T, Baker, KL, Baldis, H, Barber, D, Barberis, M, Barker, D, Barnes, A, Barnes, CW, Barrios, MA, Barty, C, Bass, I, Batha, SH, Baxamusa, SH, Bazan, G, Beagle, JK, Beale, R, Beck, BR, Beck, JB, Bedzyk, M, Beeler, RG, Behrendt, W, Belk, L, Bell, P, Belyaev, M, Benage, JF, Bennett, G, Benedetti, LR, Benedict, LX, Berger, R, Bernat, T, Bernstein, LA, Berry, B, Bertolini, L, Besenbruch, G, Betcher, J, Bettenhausen, R, Betti, R, Bezzerides, B, Bhandarkar, SD, Bickel, R, Biener, J, Biesiada, T, Bigelow, K, Bigelow-Granillo, J, Bigman, V, Bionta, RM, Birge, NW, Bitter, M, Black, AC, Bleile, R, Bleuel, DL, Bliss, E, Blue, B, Boehly, T, Boehm, K, Boley, CD, Bonanno, R, Bond, EJ, Bond, T, Bonino, MJ, Borden, M, Bourgade, J-L, Bousquet, J, Bowers, J, Bowers, M, Boyd, R, Bozek, A, Bradley, DK, Bradley, KS, Bradley, PA, Bradley, L, Brannon, L, Brantley, PS, Braun, D, Braun, T, Brienza-Larsen, K, Briggs, TM, Britten, J, Brooks, ED, Browning, D, Bruhn, MW, Brunner, TA, Bruns, H, Brunton, G, Bryant, B, Buczek, T, Bude, J, Buitano, L, Burkhart, S, Burmark, J, Burnham, A, Burr, R, Busby, LE, Butlin, B, Cabeltis, R, Cable, M, Cabot, WH, Cagadas, B, Caggiano, J, Cahayag, R, Caldwell, SE, Calkins, S, Callahan, DA, Calleja-Aguirre, J, Camara, L, Camp, D, Campbell, EM, Campbell, JH, Carey, B, Carey, R, Carlisle, K, 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Lau, G, Lau, N, Laumann, C, Laurence, A, Laurence, TA, Lawson, J, Le, HP, Leach, RR, Leal, L, Leatherland, A, LeChien, K, Lechleiter, B, Lee, A, Lee, M, Lee, T, Leeper, RJ, Lefebvre, E, Leidinger, J-P, LeMire, B, Lemke, RW, Lemos, NC, Le Pape, S, Lerche, R, Lerner, S, Letts, S, Levedahl, K, Lewis, T, Li, CK, Li, H, Li, J, Liao, W, Liao, ZM, Liedahl, D, Liebman, J, Lindford, G, Lindman, EL, Lindl, JD, Loey, H, London, RA, Long, F, Loomis, EN, Lopez, FE, Lopez, H, Losbanos, E, Loucks, S, Lowe-Webb, R, Lundgren, E, Ludwigsen, AP, Luo, R, Lusk, J, Lyons, R, Ma, T, Macallop, Y, MacDonald, MJ, MacGowan, BJ, Mack, JM, Mackinnon, AJ, MacLaren, SA, MacPhee, AG, Magelssen, GR, Magoon, J, Malone, RM, Malsbury, T, Managan, R, Mancini, R, Manes, K, Maney, D, Manha, D, Mannion, OM, Manuel, AM, Mapoles, E, Mara, G, Marcotte, T, Marin, E, Marinak, MM, Mariscal, C, Mariscal, DA, Mariscal, EF, Marley, EV, Marozas, JA, Marquez, R, Marshall, CD, Marshall, FJ, Marshall, M, Marshall, S, Marticorena, J, 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AJ, Torres, J, Town, RPJ, Townsend, S, Trenholme, J, Trivelpiece, A, Trosseille, C, Truax, H, Trummer, D, Trummer, S, Truong, T, Tubbs, D, Tubman, ER, Tunnell, T, Turnbull, D, Turner, RE, Ulitsky, M, Upadhye, R, Vaher, JL, VanArsdall, P, VanBlarcom, D, Vandenboomgaerde, M, VanQuinlan, R, Van Wonterghem, BM, Varnum, WS, Velikovich, AL, Vella, A, Verdon, CP, Vermillion, B, Vernon, S, Vesey, R, Vickers, J, Vignes, RM, Visosky, M, Vocke, J, Volegov, PL, Vonhof, S, Von Rotz, R, Vu, HX, Vu, M, Wall, D, Wall, J, Wallace, R, Wallin, B, Walmer, D, Walsh, CA, Walters, CF, Waltz, C, Wan, A, Wang, A, Wang, Y, Wark, JS, Warner, BE, Watson, J, Watt, RG, Watts, P, Weaver, J, Weaver, RP, Weaver, S, Weber, CR, Weber, P, Weber, SV, Wegner, P, Welday, B, Welser-Sherrill, L, Weiss, K, Widmann, K, Wheeler, GF, Whistler, W, White, RK, Whitley, HD, Whitman, P, Wickett, ME, Widmayer, C, Wiedwald, J, Wilcox, R, Wilcox, S, Wild, C, Wilde, BH, Wilde, CH, Wilhelmsen, K, Wilke, MD, Wilkens, H, Wilkins, P, Wilks, SC, Williams, EA, Williams, GJ, Williams, W, Williams, WH, Wilson, DC, Wilson, B, Wilson, E, Wilson, R, Winters, S, Wisoff, J, Wittman, M, Wolfe, J, Wong, A, Wong, KW, Wong, L, Wong, N, Wood, R, Woodhouse, D, Woodruff, J, Woods, DT, Woods, S, Woodworth, BN, Wooten, E, Wootton, A, Work, K, Workman, JB, Wright, J, Wu, M, Wuest, C, Wysocki, FJ, Xu, H, Yamaguchi, M, Yang, B, Yang, ST, Yatabe, J, Yeamans, CB, Yee, BC, Yi, SA, Yin, L, Young, B, Young, CS, Young, CV, Young, P, Youngblood, K, Zacharias, R, Zagaris, G, Zaitseva, N, Zaka, F, Ze, F, Zeiger, B, Zika, M, Zimmerman, GB, Zobrist, T, Zuegel, JD, Zylstra, AB, Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration, Collaboration, Indirect Drive ICF, AWE Plc, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and U.S Department of Energy
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General Physics ,02 Physical Sciences ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration ,01 Mathematical Sciences ,09 Engineering - Abstract
For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion.
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- 2022
4. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden—Volume 4
- Author
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Chen, D. S., Hamoudi, W., Mustapha, B., Layden, J., Nersesov, A., Reic, T., Garcia, V., Rios, C., Mateva, L., Njoya, O., Al‐Busafi, S. A., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Akin, O., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Naamani, K., Al Qamish, J., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al‐Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Bane, A., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Cardenas, I., Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Derbala, M., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Nde, H., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omede, O., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare‐Sem, O., Owusu‐Ofori, S., Phillips, R. O., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi‐Shearer, D., Razavi‐Shearer, K., Redae, B., Rinke de Wit, T., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Sharma, M., Simonova, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tan, S. S., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Schmelzer, J. D.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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5. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with todayʼs treatment paradigm: Volume 4
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Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Omede, O., Al Qamish, J., Al Naamani, K., Bane, A., Tan, S. S., Simonova, M., Cardenas, I., Derbala, M., Akin, O., Phillips, R. O., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al‐Busafi, S. A., Al‐Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Chen, D. S., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Garcia, V., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Hamoudi, W., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Layden, J., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mateva, L., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Mustapha, B., Nersesov, A., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Njoya, O., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare‐Sem, O., Owusu‐Ofori, S., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi‐Shearer, D., Razavi‐Shearer, K., Redae, B., Reic, T., Rinke de Wit, T., Rios, C., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Schmelzer, J. D., Sharma, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Nde, H.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in select countries—volume 4
- Author
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Maaroufi, A., Vince, A., Himatt, S. M., Mohamed, R., Fung, J., Opare‐Sem, O., Workneh, A., Njouom, R., Al ghazzawi, I., Abdulla, M., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Owusu‐Ofori, S., Abdelmageed, M. K., Adda, D., Akin, O., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al Kaabi, S., Al Naamani, K., Al Qamish, J., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al‐Busafi, S. A., Al‐Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Bane, A., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Cardenas, I., Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Chen, D. S., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Derbala, M., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Gamkrelidze, I., Garcia, V., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Hamoudi, W., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Layden, J., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Malu, A. O., Mateva, L., Mitova, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Mustapha, B., Nde, H., Nersesov, A., Ngige, E., Njoya, O., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omede, O., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Phillips, R. O., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi‐Shearer, D., Redae, B., Reic, T., Rinke de Wit, T., Rios, C., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Schmelzer, J. D., Sharma, M., Simonova, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tan, S. S., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Razavi‐Shearer, K.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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7. From OR to office: a cost-effective move
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Estes, C M
- Published
- 2016
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8. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with todayʼs treatment paradigm – volume 3
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Sibley, A., Han, K. H., Abourached, A., Lesmana, L. A., Makara, M., Jafri, W., Salupere, R., Assiri, A. M., Goldis, A., Abaalkhail, F., Abbas, Z., Abdou, A., Al Braiki, F., Al Hosani, F., Al Jaberi, K., Al Khatry, M., Al Mulla, M. A., Al Quraishi, H., Al Rifai, A., Al Serkal, Y., Alam, A., Alavian, S. M., Alashgar, H. I., Alawadhi, S., Al-Dabal, L., Aldins, P., Alfaleh, F. Z., Alghamdi, A. S., Al-Hakeem, R., Aljumah, A. A., Almessabi, A., Alqutub, A. N., Alswat, K. A., Altraif, I., Alzaabi, M., Andrea, N., Babatin, M. A., Baqir, A., Barakat, M. T., Bergmann, O. M., Bizri, A. R., Blach, S., Chaudhry, A., Choi, M. S., Diab, T., Djauzi, S., El Hassan, E. S., El Khoury, S., Estes, C., Fakhry, S., Farooqi, J. I., Fridjonsdottir, H., Gani, R. A., Ghafoor Khan, A., Gheorghe, L., Gottfredsson, M., Gregorcic, S., Gunter, J., Hajarizadeh, B., Hamid, S., Hasan, I., Hashim, A., Horvath, G., Hunyady, B., Husni, R., Jeruma, A., Jonasson, J. G., Karlsdottir, B., Kim, D. Y., Kim, Y. S., Koutoubi, Z., Liakina, V., Lim, Y. S., Löve, A., Maimets, M., Malekzadeh, R., Matičič, M., Memon, M. S., Merat, S., Mokhbat, J. E., Mourad, F. H., Muljono, D. H., Nawaz, A., Nugrahini, N., Olafsson, S., Priohutomo, S., Qureshi, H., Rassam, P., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, D., Razavi-Shearer, K., Rozentale, B., Sadik, M., Saeed, K., Salamat, A., Sanai, F. M., Sanityoso Sulaiman, A., Sayegh, R. A., Sharara, A. I., Siddiq, M., Siddiqui, A. M., Sigmundsdottir, G., Sigurdardottir, B., Speiciene, D., Sulaiman, A., Sultan, M. A., Taha, M., Tanaka, J., Tarifi, H., Tayyab, G., Tolmane, I., Ud din, M., Umar, M., Valantinas, J., Videčnik-Zorman, J., Yaghi, C., Yunihastuti, E., Yusuf, M. A., Zuberi, B. F., and Schmelzer, J. D.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in select countries – volume 3
- Author
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Liakina, V., Hamid, S., Tanaka, J., Olafsson, S., Sharara, A. I., Alavian, S. M., Gheorghe, L., El Hassan, E. S., Abaalkhail, F., Abbas, Z., Abdou, A., Abourached, A., Al Braiki, F., Al Hosani, F., Al Jaberi, K., Al Khatry, M., Al Mulla, M. A., Al Quraishi, H., Al Rifai, A., Al Serkal, Y., Alam, A., Alashgar, H. I., Alawadhi, S., Al-Dabal, L., Aldins, P., Alfaleh, F. Z., Alghamdi, A. S., Al-Hakeem, R., Aljumah, A. A., Almessabi, A., Alqutub, A. N., Alswat, K. A., Altraif, I., Alzaabi, M., Andrea, N., Assiri, A. M., Babatin, M. A., Baqir, A., Barakat, M. T., Bergmann, O. M., Bizri, A. R., Blach, S., Chaudhry, A., Choi, M. S., Diab, T., Djauzi, S., El Khoury, S., Estes, C., Fakhry, S., Farooqi, J. I., Fridjonsdottir, H., Gani, R. A., Ghafoor Khan, A., Goldis, A., Gottfredsson, M., Gregorcic, S., Hajarizadeh, B., Han, K. H., Hasan, I., Hashim, A., Horvath, G., Hunyady, B., Husni, R., Jafri, W., Jeruma, A., Jonasson, J. G., Karlsdottir, B., Kim, D. Y., Kim, Y. S., Koutoubi, Z., Lesmana, L. A., Lim, Y. S., Löve, A., Maimets, M., Makara, M., Malekzadeh, R., Matičič, M., Memon, M. S., Merat, S., Mokhbat, J. E., Mourad, F. H., Muljono, D. H., Nawaz, A., Nugrahini, N., Priohutomo, S., Qureshi, H., Rassam, P., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, D., Razavi-Shearer, K., Rozentale, B., Sadik, M., Saeed, K., Salamat, A., Salupere, R., Sanai, F. M., Sanityoso Sulaiman, A., Sayegh, R. A., Schmelzer, J. D., Sibley, A., Siddiq, M., Siddiqui, A. M., Sigmundsdottir, G., Sigurdardottir, B., Speiciene, D., Sulaiman, A., Sultan, M. A., Taha, M., Tarifi, H., Tayyab, G., Tolmane, I., Ud din, M., Umar, M., Valantinas, J., Videčnik-Zorman, J., Yaghi, C., Yunihastuti, E., Yusuf, M. A., Zuberi, B. F., and Gunter, J.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden – volume 3
- Author
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Alfaleh, F. Z., Nugrahini, N., Matičič, M., Tolmane, I., Alzaabi, M., Hajarizadeh, B., Valantinas, J., Kim, D. Y., Hunyady, B., Abaalkhail, F., Abbas, Z., Abdou, A., Abourached, A., Al Braiki, F., Al Hosani, F., Al Jaberi, K., Al Khatry, M., Al Mulla, M. A., Al Quraishi, H., Al Rifai, A., Al Serkal, Y., Alam, A., Alashgar, H. I., Alavian, S. M., Alawadhi, S., Al-Dabal, L., Aldins, P., Alghamdi, A. S., Al-Hakeem, R., Aljumah, A. A., Almessabi, A., Alqutub, A. N., Alswat, K. A., Altraif, I., Andrea, N., Assiri, A. M., Babatin, M. A., Baqir, A., Barakat, M. T., Bergmann, O. M., Bizri, A. R., Chaudhry, A., Choi, M. S., Diab, T., Djauzi, S., El Hassan, E. S., El Khoury, S., Estes, C., Fakhry, S., Farooqi, J. I., Fridjonsdottir, H., Gani, R. A., Ghafoor Khan, A., Gheorghe, L., Goldis, A., Gottfredsson, M., Gregorcic, S., Gunter, J., Hamid, S., Han, K. H., Hasan, I., Hashim, A., Horvath, G., Husni, R., Jafri, W., Jeruma, A., Jonasson, J. G., Karlsdottir, B., Kim, Y. S., Koutoubi, Z., Lesmana, L. A., Liakina, V., Lim, Y. S., Löve, A., Maimets, M., Makara, M., Malekzadeh, R., Memon, M. S., Merat, S., Mokhbat, J. E., Mourad, F. H., Muljono, D. H., Nawaz, A., Olafsson, S., Priohutomo, S., Qureshi, H., Rassam, P., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, D., Razavi-Shearer, K., Rozentale, B., Sadik, M., Saeed, K., Salamat, A., Salupere, R., Sanai, F. M., Sanityoso Sulaiman, A., Sayegh, R. A., Schmelzer, J. D., Sharara, A. I., Sibley, A., Siddiq, M., Siddiqui, A. M., Sigmundsdottir, G., Sigurdardottir, B., Speiciene, D., Sulaiman, A., Sultan, M. A., Taha, M., Tanaka, J., Tarifi, H., Tayyab, G., Ud din, M., Umar, M., Videčnik-Zorman, J., Yaghi, C., Yunihastuti, E., Yusuf, M. A., Zuberi, B. F., and Blach, S.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Economic burden of hepatitis C in Egypt: the future impact of highly effective therapies
- Author
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Estes, C., Abdel-Kareem, M., Abdel-Razek, W., Abdel-Sameea, E., Abuzeid, M., Gomaa, A., Osman, W., Razavi, H., Zaghla, H., and Waked, I.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections with todayʼs treatment paradigm – volume 2
- Author
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Hatzakis, A., Chulanov, V., Gadano, A. C., Bergin, C., Ben-Ari, Z., Mossong, J., Schréter, I., Baatarkhuu, O., Acharya, S., Aho, I., Anand, A. C., Andersson, M. I., Arendt, V., Arkkila, P., Barclay, K., Bessone, F., Blach, S., Blokhina, N., Brunton, C. R., Choudhuri, G., Cisneros, L., Croes, E. A., Dahgwahdorj, Y. A., Dalgard, O., Daruich, J. R., Dashdorj, N. R., Davaadorj, D., de Knegt, R. J., de Vree, M., Estes, C., Flisiak, R., Gane, E., Gower, E., Halota, W., Henderson, C., Hoffmann, P., Hornell, J., Houlihan, D., Hrusovsky, S., Jarčuška, P., Kershenobich, D., Kostrzewska, K., Kristian, P., Leshno, M., Lurie, Y., Mahomed, A., Mamonova, N., Mendez-Sanchez, N., Norris, S., Nurmukhametova, E., Nymadawa, P., Oltman, M., Oyunbileg, J., Oyunsuren, Ts., Papatheodoridis, G., Pimenov, N., Prabdial-Sing, N., Prins, M., Radke, S., Rakhmanova, A., Razavi-Shearer, K., Reesink, H. W., Ridruejo, E., Safadi, R., Sagalova, O., Avila, Sanchez J. F., Sanduijav, R., Saraswat, V., Seguin-Devaux, C., Shah, S. R., Shestakova, I., Shevaldin, A., Shibolet, O., Silva, M. O., Sokolov, S., Sonderup, M., Souliotis, K., Spearman, C. W., Staub, T., Stedman, C., Strebkova, E. A., Struck, D., Sypsa, V., Tomasiewicz, K., Undram, L., van der Meer, A. J., van Santen, D., Veldhuijzen, I., Villamil, F. G., Willemse, S., Zuckerman, E., Zuure, F. R., Puri, P., and Razavi, H.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disease burden – volume 2
- Author
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Gane, E., Kershenobich, D., Seguin-Devaux, C., Kristian, P., Aho, I., Dalgard, O., Shestakova, I., Nymadawa, P., Blach, S., Acharya, S., Anand, A. C., Andersson, M. I., Arendt, V., Arkkila, P., Baatarkhuu, O., Barclay, K., Ben-Ari, Z., Bergin, C., Bessone, F., Blokhina, N., Brunton, C. R., Choudhuri, G., Chulanov, V., Cisneros, L., Croes, E. A., Dahgwahdorj, Y. A., Daruich, J. R., Dashdorj, N. R., Davaadorj, D., de Knegt, R. J., de Vree, M., Gadano, A. C., Gower, E., Halota, W., Hatzakis, A., Henderson, C., Hoffmann, P., Hornell, J., Houlihan, D., Hrusovsky, S., Jarčuška, P., Kostrzewska, K., Leshno, M., Lurie, Y., Mahomed, A., Mamonova, N., Mendez-Sanchez, N., Mossong, J., Norris, S., Nurmukhametova, E., Oltman, M., Oyunbileg, J., Oyunsuren, Ts., Papatheodoridis, G., Pimenov, N., Prins, M., Puri, P., Radke, S., Rakhmanova, A., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, K., Reesink, H. W., Ridruejo, E., Safadi, R., Sagalova, O., Avila, Sanchez J. F., Sanduijav, R., Saraswat, V., Schréter, I., Shah, S. R., Shevaldin, A., Shibolet, O., Silva, M. O., Sokolov, S., Sonderup, M., Souliotis, K., Spearman, C. W., Staub, T., Stedman, C., Strebkova, E. A., Struck, D., Sypsa, V., Tomasiewicz, K., Undram, L., van der Meer, A. J., van Santen, D., Veldhuijzen, I., Villamil, F. G., Willemse, S., Zuckerman, E., Zuure, F. R., Prabdial-Sing, N., Flisiak, R., and Estes, C.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in select countries – volume 2
- Author
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Saraswat, V., Norris, S., de Knegt, R. J., Avila, Sanchez J. F., Sonderup, M., Zuckerman, E., Arkkila, P., Stedman, C., Acharya, S., Aho, I., Anand, A. C., Andersson, M. I., Arendt, V., Baatarkhuu, O., Barclay, K., Ben-Ari, Z., Bergin, C., Bessone, F., Blach, S., Blokhina, N., Brunton, C. R., Choudhuri, G., Chulanov, V., Cisneros, L., Croes, E. A., Dahgwahdorj, Y. A., Dalgard, O., Daruich, J. R., Dashdorj, N. R., Davaadorj, D., de Vree, M., Estes, C., Flisiak, R., Gadano, A. C., Gane, E., Halota, W., Hatzakis, A., Henderson, C., Hoffmann, P., Hornell, J., Houlihan, D., Hrusovsky, S., Jarčuška, P., Kershenobich, D., Kostrzewska, K., Kristian, P., Leshno, M., Lurie, Y., Mahomed, A., Mamonova, N., Mendez-Sanchez, N., Mossong, J., Nurmukhametova, E., Nymadawa, P., Oltman, M., Oyunbileg, J., Oyunsuren, Ts., Papatheodoridis, G., Pimenov, N., Prabdial-Sing, N., Prins, M., Puri, P., Radke, S., Rakhmanova, A., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, K., Reesink, H. W., Ridruejo, E., Safadi, R., Sagalova, O., Sanduijav, R., Schréter, I., Seguin-Devaux, C., Shah, S. R., Shestakova, I., Shevaldin, A., Shibolet, O., Sokolov, S., Souliotis, K., Spearman, C. W., Staub, T., Strebkova, E. A., Struck, D., Tomasiewicz, K., Undram, L., van der Meer, A. J., van Santen, D., Veldhuijzen, I., Villamil, F. G., Willemse, S., Zuure, F. R., Silva, M. O., Sypsa, V., and Gower, E.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Genotype-phenotype correlations and novel molecular insights into the DHX30-associated neurodevelopmental disorders
- Author
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Mannucci, I., Dang, N.D.P., Huber, H, Murry, J.B., Abramson, J., Althoff, T., Banka, S., Baynam, G., Bearden, D., Beleza-Meireles, A., Benke, P.J., Berland, S., Bierhals, T., Bilan, F., Bindoff, Laurence, Braathen, G.J., Busk, O.L., Chenbhanich, J., Denecke, J., Escobar, L.F., Estes, C., Fleischer, J., Groepper, D., Haaxma, C.A., Hempel, M., Holler-Managan, Y., Houge, G., Jackson, A., Kellogg, L., Keren, B., Kiraly-Borri, C., Kraus, C., Kubisch, C., Guyader, G. Le, Ljungblad, U.W., Brenman, L.M., Martinez-Agosto, J.A., Might, M., Miller, D.T., Minks, K.Q., Moghaddam, B., Nava, C., Nelson, S.F., Parant, J.M., Prescott, T., Rajabi, F., Randrianaivo, H., Reiter, S.F., Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, J.H.M., Shieh, P.B., Slavotinek, A., Smithson, S., Stegmann, A.P.A., Tomczak, K., Tveten, K., Wang, J, Whitlock, J.H., Zweier, C., McWalter, K., Juusola, J., Quintero-Rivera, F., Fischer, U., Yeo, N.C., Kreienkamp, H.J., Lessel, D., Mannucci, I., Dang, N.D.P., Huber, H, Murry, J.B., Abramson, J., Althoff, T., Banka, S., Baynam, G., Bearden, D., Beleza-Meireles, A., Benke, P.J., Berland, S., Bierhals, T., Bilan, F., Bindoff, Laurence, Braathen, G.J., Busk, O.L., Chenbhanich, J., Denecke, J., Escobar, L.F., Estes, C., Fleischer, J., Groepper, D., Haaxma, C.A., Hempel, M., Holler-Managan, Y., Houge, G., Jackson, A., Kellogg, L., Keren, B., Kiraly-Borri, C., Kraus, C., Kubisch, C., Guyader, G. Le, Ljungblad, U.W., Brenman, L.M., Martinez-Agosto, J.A., Might, M., Miller, D.T., Minks, K.Q., Moghaddam, B., Nava, C., Nelson, S.F., Parant, J.M., Prescott, T., Rajabi, F., Randrianaivo, H., Reiter, S.F., Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, J.H.M., Shieh, P.B., Slavotinek, A., Smithson, S., Stegmann, A.P.A., Tomczak, K., Tveten, K., Wang, J, Whitlock, J.H., Zweier, C., McWalter, K., Juusola, J., Quintero-Rivera, F., Fischer, U., Yeo, N.C., Kreienkamp, H.J., and Lessel, D.
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 245060.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: We aimed to define the clinical and variant spectrum and to provide novel molecular insights into the DHX30-associated neurodevelopmental disorder. METHODS: Clinical and genetic data from affected individuals were collected through Facebook-based family support group, GeneMatcher, and our network of collaborators. We investigated the impact of novel missense variants with respect to ATPase and helicase activity, stress granule (SG) formation, global translation, and their effect on embryonic development in zebrafish. SG formation was additionally analyzed in CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DHX30-deficient HEK293T and zebrafish models, along with in vivo behavioral assays. RESULTS: We identified 25 previously unreported individuals, ten of whom carry novel variants, two of which are recurrent, and provide evidence of gonadal mosaicism in one family. All 19 individuals harboring heterozygous missense variants within helicase core motifs (HCMs) have global developmental delay, intellectual disability, severe speech impairment, and gait abnormalities. These variants impair the ATPase and helicase activity of DHX30, trigger SG formation, interfere with global translation, and cause developmental defects in a zebrafish model. Notably, 4 individuals harboring heterozygous variants resulting either in haploinsufficiency or truncated proteins presented with a milder clinical course, similar to an individual harboring a de novo mosaic HCM missense variant. Functionally, we established DHX30 as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase and as an evolutionary conserved factor in SG assembly. Based on the clinical course, the variant location, and type we establish two distinct clinical subtypes. DHX30 loss-of-function variants cause a milder phenotype whereas a severe phenotype is caused by HCM missense variants that, in addition to the loss of ATPase and helicase activity, lead to a detrimental gain-of-function with respect to SG formation. Behavioral characterization of dhx30-deficient
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- 2021
16. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease burden
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Wedemeyer, H., Duberg, A. S., Buti, M., Rosenberg, W. M., Frankova, S., Esmat, G., Örmeci, N., Van Vlierberghe, H., Gschwantler, M., Akarca, U., Aleman, S., Balk, İ., Berg, T., Bihl, F., Bilodeau, M., Blasco, A. J., Brandão Mello, C. E., Bruggmann, P., Calinas, F., Calleja, J. L., Cheinquer, H., Christensen, P. B., Clausen, M., Coelho, H. S. M., Cornberg, M., Cramp, M. E., Dore, G. J., Doss, W., El-Sayed, M. H., Ergör, G., Estes, C., Falconer, K., Félix, J., Ferraz, M. L. G., Ferreira, P. R., García-Samaniego, J., Gerstoft, J., Giria, J. A., Gonçales, F. L., Jr, Guimarães Pessôa, M., Hézode, C., Hindman, S. J., Hofer, H., Husa, P., Idilman, R., Kåberg, M., Kaita, K. D. E., Kautz, A., Kaymakoglu, S., Krajden, M., Krarup, H., Laleman, W., Lavanchy, D., Lázaro, P., Marinho, R. T., Marotta, P., Mauss, S., Mendes Correa, M. C., Moreno, C., Müllhaupt, B., Myers, R. P., Nemecek, V., vrehus, A. L. H., Parkes, J., Peltekian, K. M., Ramji, A., Razavi, H., Reis, N., Roberts, S. K., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Ryder, S. D., Sarmento-Castro, R., Sarrazin, C., Semela, D., Sherman, M., Shiha, G. E., Sperl, J., Stärkel, P., Stauber, R. E., Thompson, A. J., Urbanek, P., Van Damme, P., van Thiel, I., Vandijck, D., Vogel, W., Waked, I., Weis, N., Wiegand, J., Yosry, A., Zekry, A., Negro, F., Sievert, W., and Gower, E.
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- 2014
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17. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with todayʼs treatment paradigm
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Razavi, H., Waked, I., Sarrazin, C., Myers, R. P., Idilman, R., Calinas, F., Vogel, W., Mendes Correa, M. C., Hézode, C., Lázaro, P., Akarca, U., Aleman, S., Balk, İ., Berg, T., Bihl, F., Bilodeau, M., Blasco, A. J., Brandão Mello, C. E., Bruggmann, P., Buti, M., Calleja, J. L., Cheinquer, H., Christensen, P. B., Clausen, M., Coelho, H. S. M., Cramp, M. E., Dore, G. J., Doss, W., Duberg, A. S., El-Sayed, M. H., Ergör, G., Esmat, G., Falconer, K., Félix, J., Ferraz, M. L. G., Ferreira, P. R., Frankova, S., García-Samaniego, J., Gerstoft, J., Giria, J. A., Gonçales, F. L., Jr, Gower, E., Gschwantler, M., Guimarães Pessôa, M., Hindman, S. J., Hofer, H., Husa, P., Kåberg, M., Kaita, K. D. E., Kautz, A., Kaymakoglu, S., Krajden, M., Krarup, H., Laleman, W., Lavanchy, D., Marinho, R. T., Marotta, P., Mauss, S., Moreno, C., Murphy, K., Negro, F., Nemecek, V., Örmeci, N., vrehus, A. L. H., Parkes, J., Pasini, K., Peltekian, K. M., Ramji, A., Reis, N., Roberts, S. K., Rosenberg, W. M., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Ryder, S. D., Sarmento-Castro, R., Semela, D., Sherman, M., Shiha, G. E., Sievert, W., Sperl, J., Stärkel, P., Stauber, R. E., Thompson, A. J., Urbanek, P., Van Damme, P., van Thiel, I., Van Vlierberghe, H., Vandijck, D., Wedemeyer, H., Weis, N., Wiegand, J., Yosry, A., Zekry, A., Cornberg, M., Müllhaupt, B., and Estes, C.
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- 2014
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18. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in selected countries
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Bruggmann, P., Berg, T., vrehus, A. L. H., Moreno, C., Brandão Mello, C. E., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Marinho, R. T., Sherman, M., Ryder, S. D., Sperl, J., Akarca, U., Balk, İ., Bihl, F., Bilodeau, M., Blasco, A. J., Buti, M., Calinas, F., Calleja, J. L., Cheinquer, H., Christensen, P. B., Clausen, M., Coelho, H. S. M., Cornberg, M., Cramp, M. E., Dore, G. J., Doss, W., Duberg, A. S., El-Sayed, M. H., Ergör, G., Esmat, G., Estes, C., Falconer, K., Félix, J., Ferraz, M. L. G., Ferreira, P. R., Frankova, S., García-Samaniego, J., Gerstoft, J., Giria, J. A., Gonçales, F. L., Jr, Gower, E., Gschwantler, M., Guimarães Pessôa, M., Hézode, C., Hofer, H., Husa, P., Idilman, R., Kåberg, M., Kaita, K. D. E., Kautz, A., Kaymakoglu, S., Krajden, M., Krarup, H., Laleman, W., Lavanchy, D., Lázaro, P., Marotta, P., Mauss, S., Mendes Correa, M. C., Müllhaupt, B., Myers, R. P., Negro, F., Nemecek, V., Örmeci, N., Parkes, J., Peltekian, K. M., Ramji, A., Razavi, H., Reis, N., Roberts, S. K., Rosenberg, W. M., Sarmento-Castro, R., Sarrazin, C., Semela, D., Shiha, G. E., Sievert, W., Stärkel, P., Stauber, R. E., Thompson, A. J., Urbanek, P., van Thiel, I., Van Vlierberghe, H., Vandijck, D., Vogel, W., Waked, I., Wedemeyer, H., Weis, N., Wiegand, J., Yosry, A., Zekry, A., Van Damme, P., Aleman, S., and Hindman, S. J.
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- 2014
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19. The Influence of Integration on the Expenditures and Costs of Mental Health and Substance Use Care: Results from the Randomized PRISM-E Study
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Domino, M. E., Maxwell, J., Cody, M., Cheal, K., Busch, A. B., Van Stone, W. W., Cooley, S. G., Zubtritsky, C., Estes, C. L., Shen, Y., Lynch, M., Grantham, S., Wohlford, P., Aoyama, M. C., Fitzpatrick, J., Zaman, S., Dodson, J., and Levkoff, S. E.
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- 2008
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20. Linagliptin Effects on Heart Failure and Related Outcomes in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at High Cardiovascular and Renal Risk in CARMELINA
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Valentini R, Canani L, Gross J, Valenti A, Sartori C, Dutra O, Azevedo E, Azevedo A, Vaz R, Vaz H, da Costa F, da Costa L, Panarotto D, Lain F, Camazzola F, Dellomea B, Rech R, Pizzato P, Nunes C, Jaeger C, Silveira D, Wagner L, Machado L, Rea R, de Bem A, Alves J, Jonasson T, Malucelli F, Betti R, Lerario A, Lisboa H, Bem J, Tres G, Tavares C, Nardi A, Pozzatto M, Backes L, Reolao J, Scariot E, Ziguer E, Baldissera D, Griz L, Antunes D, Victor F, Freire K, Barros A, Costi B, Sa M, Carneiro A, Felicio J, Felicio K, Penha P, Ferreira J, Melo F, Alves A, Souza A, Costa L, Pinheiro D, Turatti L, Augusto G, Leanca C, Santomauro A, Forti A, Sena R, Marinho A, Facanha C, de Souza K, de Souza A, de Queiroz W, Leite S, Vieira S, Gubert L, Olsen A, Piazzetta G, Fuck A, Ferreira M, Fortes J, Brandao T, Alves F, Radice E, dos Santos J, de Almeida R, Franco D, Saporito W, Eliaschewitz F, de Siqueira K, Bona R, Genestreti P, de Castro D, Visconti G, Sampaio C, Palhares F, Konigsfeld H, Alves E, 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Satyavolu S, Dev D, Yalamanchili H, Sumeyye C, Fernandes H, Chaleff F, Jancko M, Trenche S, Kaplan W, Wilcox S, Goisse M, Rua M, Black J, Chapman K, Suh D, Yan L, Song D, Chanara S, Houchin V, McKeinness A, Sotolongo R, Gutierrez K, Miranda-Palma B, Solano M, Jain M, Needell J, Banerjee A, Jarratt M, Hantel S, Lees K, Welty F, Freedman S, Parhofer K, Birkeland K, McGill J, Tijssen J, Clemmensen P, Pehrson S, Grande P, Januzzi J, Wood M, Petrie M, Sairanen T, Tatlisumak T, Soinne L, Kase C, Turan T, Mann J, Agarwal R, Fogarty D, Navaneethan S, Srinivas T, Forsmark C, Frossard J, Gelrud A, Mayerle J, Lee R, Heist R, Sullivan R, Buchbinder E, Chodak G, Edelman M, Thompson V, Coles A, and CARMELINA Investigators
- Subjects
cardiovascular disease ,type 2 diabetes mellitus ,heart failure ,chronic kidney diseases - Abstract
Background: Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for heart failure (HF), particularly those with coexisting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and/or kidney disease. Some but not all dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors have been associated with increased HF risk. We performed secondary analyses of HF and related outcomes with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin versus placebo in CARMELINA (The Cardiovascular and Renal Microvascular Outcome Study With Linagliptin), a cardiovascular outcomes trial that enrolled participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and/or kidney disease. Methods: Participants in 27 countries with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and/or kidney disease were randomized 1:1 to receive once daily oral linagliptin 5 mg or placebo, on top of standard of care. All hospitalization for HF (hHF), cardiovascular outcomes, and deaths were prospectively captured and centrally adjudicated. In prespecified and post hoc analyses of HF and related events, Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for region and baseline history of HF were used. Recurrent hHF events were analyzed using a negative binomial model. In a subset of participants with left ventricular ejection fraction captured within the year before randomization, HF-related outcomes were assessed in subgroups stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction > or 50%. Results: CARMELINA enrolled 6979 participants (mean age, 65.9 years; estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min per 1.73m(2); hemoglobin A1c, 8.0%; 62.9% men; diabetes mellitus duration, 14.8 years), including 1873 (26.8%) with a history of HF at baseline. Median follow-up was 2.2 years. Linagliptin versus placebo did not affect the incidence of hHF (209/3494 [6.0%] versus 226/3485 [6.5%], respectively; hazard ratio [HR], 0.90; 95% CI, 0.74-1.08), the composite of cardiovascular death/hHF (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.82-1.08), or risk for recurrent hHF events (326 versus 359 events, respectively; rate ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.75-1.20). There was no heterogeneity of linagliptin effects on hHF by history of HF at baseline, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate or urine albumin-creatinine ratio, or prerandomization left ventricular ejection fraction. Conclusions: In a large, international cardiovascular outcome trial in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and/or kidney disease, linagliptin did not affect the risk of hHF or other selected HF-related outcomes, including among participants with and without a history of HF, across the spectrum of kidney disease, and independent of previous left ventricular ejection fraction. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01897532.
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- 2019
21. Effect of Linagliptin vs Placebo on Major Cardiovascular Events in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and High Cardiovascular and Renal Risk The CARMELINA Randomized Clinical Trial
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- Abstract
IMPORTANCE Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Prior trials have demonstrated CV safety of 3 dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors but have included limited numbers of patients with high CV risk and chronic kidney disease. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of linagliptin, a selective DPP-4 inhibitor, on CV outcomes and kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of CV and kidney events. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter noninferiority trial conducted from August 2013 to August 2016 at 605 clinic sites in 27 countries among adults with type 2 diabetes, hemoglobin A(1c) of 6.5% to 10.0%, high CV risk (history of vascular disease and urine-albumin creatinine ratio [UACR] > 200mg/g), and high renal risk (reduced eGFR and micro-or macroalbuminuria). Participants with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were excluded. Final follow-up occurred on January 18, 2018. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive linagliptin, 5 mg once daily (n = 3494), or placebo once daily (n = 3485) added to usual care. Other glucose-lowering medications or insulin could be added based on clinical need and local clinical guidelines. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcomewas time to first occurrence of the composite of CV death, nonfatalmyocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke. Criteria for noninferiority of linagliptin vs placebo was defined by the upper limit of the 2-sided 95% CI for the hazard ratio (HR) of linagliptin relative to placebo being less than 1.3. Secondary outcome was time to first occurrence of adjudicated death due to renal failure, ESRD, or sustained 40% or higher decrease in eGFR from baseline. RESULTS Of 6991 enrollees, 6979 (mean age, 65.9 years; eGFR, 54.6 mL/min/1.73m2; 80.1% with UACR > 30mg/g) received at least 1 dose of study medication and 98.7% completed the study. During a median follow-up of 2.2 years, the primary outcome occurred in 434 of 3494 (12.4%) and 420 of 3485 (12.1%) in the linagliptin and placebo groups, respectively, (absolute incidence rate difference, 0.13 [95% CI,-0.63 to 0.90] per 100 person-years) (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.89-1.17; P
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- 2019
22. Australia on track to achieve WHO HCV elimination targets following rapid initial DAA treatment uptake: A modelling study
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Kwon, JA, Dore, GJ, Grebely, J, Hajarizadeh, B, Guy, R, Cunningham, EB, Power, C, Estes, C, Razavi, H, Gray, RT, Dunlop, A, Zekry, A, Lloyd, A, Duvnjak, A, Treloar, C, Tyrrell, H, George, J, Iversen, J, Marriott, K, Crooks, L, Maher, L, Douglas, M, Kwon, JA, Dore, GJ, Grebely, J, Hajarizadeh, B, Guy, R, Cunningham, EB, Power, C, Estes, C, Razavi, H, Gray, RT, Dunlop, A, Zekry, A, Lloyd, A, Duvnjak, A, Treloar, C, Tyrrell, H, George, J, Iversen, J, Marriott, K, Crooks, L, Maher, L, and Douglas, M
- Abstract
Subsidized direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment recently became available to all adults living with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Australia. Based on rapid uptake (32 600 people initiated DAA in 2016), we estimated the impact on HCV epidemiology and mortality in Australia and determined if Australia can meet the WHO HCV elimination targets by 2030. Using a mathematical model, we simulated pessimistic, intermediate and optimistic DAA treatment scenarios in Australia over 2016-2030. We assumed treatment and testing rates were initially higher for advanced fibrosis and the same across HCV transmission risk level sub-populations. We also assumed constant testing rates after 2016. We compared the results to the 2015 level and a counterfactual (IFN-based) scenario. During 2016-2030, we estimated an intermediate DAA treatment scenario (2016, 32 600 treated; 2017, 21 370 treated; 2018 17 100 treated; 2019 and beyond, 13 680 treated each year) would avert 40 420 new HCV infections, 13 260 liver-related deaths (15 320 in viraemic; −2060 in cured) and 10 730 HCC cases, equating to a 53%, 63% and 75% reduction, respectively, compared to the IFN-based scenario. The model also estimated that Australia will meet the WHO targets of incidence and treatment by 2028. Time to a 65% reduction in liver-related mortality varied considerably between HCV viraemic only cases (2026) and all cases (2047). Based on a feasible DAA treatment scenario incorporating declining uptake, Australia should meet key WHO HCV elimination targets in 10 to15 years. The pre-DAA escalation in those with advanced liver disease makes the achievement of the liver-related mortality target difficult.
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- 2019
23. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study
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Razavi-Shearer, D. Gamkrelidze, I. Nguyen, M.H. Chen, D.-S. Van Damme, P. Abbas, Z. Abdulla, M. Abou Rached, A. Adda, D. Aho, I. Akarca, U. Al Ali, F.H. Lawati, F.A.L. Naamani, K.A.L. Alashgar, H.I. Alavian, S.M. Alawadhi, S. Albillos, A. Al-Busafi, S.A. Aleman, S. Alfaleh, F.Z. Aljumah, A.A. Anand, A.C. Anh, N.T. Arends, J.E. Arkkila, P. Athanasakis, K. Bane, A. Ben-Ari, Z. Berg, T. Bizri, A.R. Blach, S. Brandão Mello, C.E. Brandon, S.M. Bright, B. Bruggmann, P. Brunetto, M. Buti, M. Chan, H.L.Y. Chaudhry, A. Chien, R.-N. Choi, M.S. Christensen, P.B. Chuang, W.-L. Chulanov, V. Clausen, M.R. Colombo, M. Cornberg, M. Cowie, B. Craxi, A. Croes, E.A. Cuellar, D.A. Cunningham, C. Desalegn, H. Drazilova, S. Duberg, A.-S. Egeonu, S.S. El-Sayed, M.H. Estes, C. Falconer, K. Ferraz, M.L.G. Ferreira, P.R. Flisiak, R. Frankova, S. Gaeta, G.B. García-Samaniego, J. Genov, J. Gerstoft, J. Goldis, A. Gountas, I. Gray, R. Guimarães Pessôa, M. Hajarizadeh, B. Hatzakis, A. Hézode, C. Himatt, S.M. Hoepelman, A. Hrstic, I. Hui, Y.-T.T. Husa, P. Jahis, R. Janjua, N.Z. Jarcuka, P. Jaroszewicz, J. Kaymakoglu, S. Kershenobich, D. Kondili, L.A. Konysbekova, A. Krajden, M. Kristian, P. Laleman, W. Lao, W.-C.C. Layden, J. Lazarus, J.V. Lee, M.-H. Liakina, V. Lim, Y.-S.S. Loo, C.-K.K. Lukic, B. Malekzadeh, R. Malu, A.O. Mamatkulov, A. Manns, M. Marinho, R.T. Maticic, M. Mauss, S. Memon, M.S. Mendes Correa, M.C. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Merat, S. Metwally, A.M. Mohamed, R. Mokhbat, J.E. Moreno, C. Mossong, J. Mourad, F.H. Müllhaupt, B. Murphy, K. Musabaev, E. Nawaz, A. Nde, H.M. Negro, F. Nersesov, A. Nguyen, V.T.T. Njouom, R. Ntagirabiri, R. Nurmatov, Z. Obekpa, S. Ocama, P. Oguche, S. Omede, O. Omuemu, C. Opare-Sem, O. Opio, C.K. Örmeci, N. Papatheodoridis, G. Pasini, K. Pimenov, N. Poustchi, H. Quang, T.D. Qureshi, H. Ramji, A. Razavi-Shearer, K. Redae, B. Reesink, H.W. Rios, C.Y. Rjaskova, G. Robbins, S. Roberts, L.R. Roberts, S.K. Ryder, S.D. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. Salupere, R. Sanai, F.M. Sanchez-Avila, J.F. Saraswat, V. Sarrazin, C. Schmelzer, J.D. Schréter, I. Scott, J. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S.R. Sharara, A.I. Sharma, M. Shiha, G.E. Shin, T. Sievert, W. Sperl, J. Stärkel, P. Stedman, C. Sypsa, V. Tacke, F. Tan, S.S. Tanaka, J. Tomasiewicz, K. Urbanek, P. van der Meer, A.J. Van Vlierberghe, H. Vella, S. Vince, A. Waheed, Y. Waked, I. Walsh, N. Weis, N. Wong, V.W. Woodring, J. Yaghi, C. Yang, H.-I. Yang, C.-L. Yesmembetov, K. Yosry, A. Yuen, M.-F. Yusuf, M.A.M. Zeuzem, S. Razavi, H. The Polaris Observatory Collaborators
- Abstract
Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Findings: We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3·9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3·4–4·6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000–341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4·8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1·8 (1·6–2·2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1·4% (1·2–1·6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation: Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentially because we took into account the effect of infant prophylaxis and early childhood vaccination, as well as changing prevalence over time. Although some regions are well on their way to meeting prophylaxis and prevalence targets, all regions must substantially scale-up access to diagnosis and treatment to meet the global targets. Funding: John C Martin Foundation. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
- Published
- 2018
24. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study.
- Author
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Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Opio C.K., Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., and Opio C.K.
- Abstract
Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Method(s): In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Finding(s): We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3.9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3.4-4.6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000-341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4.8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1.8 (1.6-2.2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1.4% (1.2-1.6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation(s): Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentia
- Published
- 2018
25. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with today's treatment paradigm
- Author
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Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Omede, O., Al Qamish, J., Al Naamani, K., Bane, A., Tan, S. S., Simonova, M., Cardenas, I., Derbala, M., Akin, O., Phillips, R. O., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al-Busafi, S. A., Al-Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Chen, D. S., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Garcia, V., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Hamoudi, W., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Layden, J., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mateva, L., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Mustapha, B., Nersesov, A., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Njoya, O., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare- Sem, O., Owusu-Ofori, S., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, D., Razavi-Shearer, K., Redae, B., Reic, T., Rinke de Wit, T., Rios, C., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Schmelzer, J. D., Sharma, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Nde, H.
- Subjects
parasitic diseases ,hepatitis C ,incidence ,mortality ,prevalence ,treatment ,geographic locations - Abstract
Factors influencing the morbidity and mortality associated with viremic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection change over time and place, making it difficult to compare reported estimates. Models were developed for 17 countries (Bahrain, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Colombia, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Ghana, Hong Kong, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Morocco, Nigeria, Qatar and Taiwan) to quantify and characterize the viremic population as well as forecast the changes in the infected population and the corresponding disease burden from 2015 to 2030. Model inputs were agreed upon through expert consensus, and a standardized methodology was followed to allow for comparison across countries. The viremic prevalence is expected to remain constant or decline in all but four countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Jordan and Oman) ; however, HCV-related morbidity and mortality will increase in all countries except Qatar and Taiwan. In Qatar, the high-treatment rate will contribute to a reduction in total cases and HCV- related morbidity by 2030. In the remaining countries, however, the current treatment paradigm will be insufficient to achieve large reductions in HCV- related morbidity and mortality.
- Published
- 2017
26. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden
- Author
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Chen, D. S., Hamoudi, W., Mustapha, B., Layden, J., Nersesov, A., Reic, T., Garcia, V., Rios, C., Mateva, L., Njoya, O., Al-Busafi, S. A., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Akin, O., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Naamani, K., Al Qamish, J., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al-Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Bane, A., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Cardenas, I., Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Derbala, M., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Nde, H., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omede, O., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare-Sem, O., Owusu-Ofori, S., Phillips, R. O., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, D., Razavi-Shearer, K., Redae, B., Rinke de Wit, T., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Sharma, M., Simonova, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tan, S. S., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Schmelzer, J. D.
- Subjects
diagnosis ,disease burden ,elimination ,epidemiology ,hepatitis C ,scenarios ,strategy - Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 17 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East, and interventions for achieving the Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis targets —“WHO Targets” (65% reduction in HCV-related deaths, 90% reduction in new infections and 90% of infections diagnosed by 2030) were considered. Scaling up treatment and diagnosis rates over time would be required to achieve these targets in all but one country, even with the introduction of high SVR therapies. The scenarios developed to achieve the WHO Targets in all countries studied assumed the implementation of national policies to prevent new infections and to diagnose current infections through screening.
- Published
- 2017
27. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study
- Author
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Blach, S. Zeuzem, S. Manns, M. Altraif, I. Duberg, A.-S. Muljono, D.H. Waked, I. Alavian, S.M. Lee, M.-H. Negro, F. Abaalkhail, F. Abdou, A. Abdulla, M. Abou Rached, A. Aho, I. Akarca, U. Al Ghazzawi, I. Al Kaabi, S. Al Lawati, F. Al Namaani, K. Al Serkal, Y. Al-Busafi, S.A. Al-Dabal, L. Aleman, S. Alghamdi, A.S. Aljumah, A.A. Al-Romaihi, H.E. Andersson, M.I. Arendt, V. Arkkila, P. Assiri, A.M. Baatarkhuu, O. Bane, A. Ben-Ari, Z. Bergin, C. Bessone, F. Bihl, F. Bizri, A.R. Blachier, M. Blasco, A.J. Brandao Mello, C.E. Bruggmann, P. Brunton, C.R. Calinas, F. Chan, H.L.Y. Chaudhry, A. Cheinquer, H. Chen, C.-J. Chien, R.-N. Choi, M.S. Christensen, P.B. Chuang, W.-L. Chulanov, V. Cisneros, L. Clausen, M.R. Cramp, M.E. Craxi, A. Croes, E.A. Dalgard, O. Daruich, J.R. De Ledinghen, V. Dore, G.J. El-Sayed, M.H. Ergor, G. Esmat, G. Estes, C. Falconer, K. Farag, E. Ferraz, M.L.G. Ferreira, P.R. Flisiak, R. Frankova, S. Gamkrelidze, I. Gane, E. Garcia-Samaniego, J. Khan, A.G. Gountas, I. Goldis, A. Gottfredsson, M. Grebely, J. Gschwantler, M. Guimaraes Pessoa, M. Gunter, J. Hajarizadeh, B. Hajelssedig, O. Hamid, S. Hamoudi, W. Hatzakis, A. Himatt, S.M. Hofer, H. Hrstic, I. Hui, Y.-T. Hunyady, B. Idilman, R. Jafri, W. Jahis, R. Janjua, N.Z. Jarčuška, P. Jeruma, A. Jonasson, J.G. Kamel, Y. Kao, J.-H. Kaymakoglu, S. Kershenobich, D. Khamis, J. Kim, Y.S. Kondili, L. Koutoubi, Z. Krajden, M. Krarup, H. Lai, M.-S. Laleman, W. Lao, W.-C. Lavanchy, D. Lazaro, P. Leleu, H. Lesi, O. Lesmana, L.A. Li, M. Liakina, V. Lim, Y.-S. Luksic, B. Mahomed, A. Maimets, M. Makara, M. Malu, A.O. Marinho, R.T. Marotta, P. Mauss, S. Memon, M.S. Mendes Correa, M.C. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Merat, S. Metwally, A.M. Mohamed, R. Moreno, C. Mourad, F.H. Mullhaupt, B. Murphy, K. Nde, H. Njouom, R. Nonkovic, D. Norris, S. Obekpa, S. Oguche, S. Olafsson, S. Oltman, M. Omede, O. Omuemu, C. Opare-Sem, O. Ovrehus, A.L.H. Owusu-Ofori, S. Oyunsuren, T.S. Papatheodoridis, G. Pasini, K. Peltekian, K.M. Phillips, R.O. Pimenov, N. Poustchi, H. Prabdial-Sing, N. Qureshi, H. Ramji, A. Razavi-Shearer, D. Razavi-Shearer, K. Redae, B. Reesink, H.W. Ridruejo, E. Robbins, S. Roberts, L.R. Roberts, S.K. Rosenberg, W.M. Roudot-Thoraval, F. Ryder, S.D. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. Salupere, R. Sanai, F.M. Sanchez Avila, J.F. Saraswat, V. Sarmento-Castro, R. Sarrazin, C. Schmelzer, J.D. Schreter, I. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S.R. Sharara, A.I. Sharma, M. Shevaldin, A. Shiha, G.E. Sievert, W. Sonderup, M. Souliotis, K. Speiciene, D. Sperl, J. Starkel, P. Stauber, R.E. Stedman, C. Struck, D. Su, T.-H. Sypsa, V. Tan, S.-S. Tanaka, J. Thompson, A.J. Tolmane, I. Tomasiewicz, K. Valantinas, J. Van Damme, P. Van Der Meer, A.J. Van Thiel, I. Van Vlierberghe, H. Vince, A. Vogel, W. Wedemeyer, H. Weis, N. Wong, V.W.S. Yaghi, C. Yosry, A. Yuen, M.-F. Yunihastuti, E. Yusuf, A. Zuckerman, E. Razavi, H. The Polaris Observatory HCV Collaborators
- Abstract
Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of—and expansion on—the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64–103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8–1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5–79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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- 2017
28. HCV elimination among people who inject drugs. What would happen after the WHO HCV elimination target is achieved?
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Gountas, I. Gamkrelidze, I. Pasini, K. Blach, S. and Razavi-Shearer, D. Estes, C. Razavi, H.
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- 2017
29. Hepatitis C virus prevalence and level of intervention required to achieve the WHO targets for elimination in the European Union by 2030: a modelling study
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Razavi, H. Robbins, S. Zeuzem, S. Negro, F. Buti, M. Duberg, A. Roudot-Thoraval, F. Craxi, A. Manns, M. Marinho, R.T. Hunyady, B. Colombo, M. Aleman, S. Antonov, K. Arkkila, P. Athanasakis, K. Blach, S. Blachier, M. Blasco, A.J. Calinas, F. Calleja, J.L. Christensen, P.B. Cramp, M.E. Croes, E. de Knegt, R.J. de Ledinghen, V. Delile, J.-M. Estes, C. Falconer, K. Färkkilä, M. Flisiak, R. Frankova, S. Gamkrelidze, I. García-Samaniego, J. Genov, J. Gerstoft, J. Gheorghe, L. Goldis, A. Gountas, I. Gregorčič, S. Gschwantler, M. Gunter, J. Halota, W. Harcouet, L. Hézode, C. Hoffmann, P. Horvath, G. Hrstic, I. Jarčuška, P. Jelev, D. Jeruma, A. Kåberg, M. Kieran, J. Kondili, L.A. Kotzev, I. Krarup, H. Kristian, P. Lagging, M. Laleman, W. Lázaro, P. Liakina, V. Lukšić, B. Maimets, M. Makara, M. Mateva, L. Maticic, M. Mennini, F.S. Mitova, R. Moreno, C. Mossong, J. Murphy, K. Nde, H. Nemecek, V. Nonkovic, D. Norris, S. Oltman, M. Øvrehus, A.L.H. Papatheodoridis, G. Pasini, K. Razavi-Shearer, D. Razavi-Shearer, K. Reesink, H.W. Reic, T. Rozentale, B. Ryder, S.D. Salupere, R. Sarmento-Castro, R. Sarrazin, C. Schmelzer, J.D. Schréter, I. Seguin-Devaux, C. Simojoki, K. Simonova, M. Smit, P.J. Souliotis, K. Speiciene, D. Sperl, J. Stärkel, P. Struck, D. Sypsa, V. Thornton, L. Tolmane, I. Tomasiewicz, K. Valantinas, J. Van Damme, P. van de Vijver, D. van der Meer, A.J. van Santen, D. Van Vlierberghe, H. Vandijck, D. Vella, S. Videčnik-Zorman, J. Vogel, W. Weis, N. Hatzakis, A. The European Union HCV Collaborators
- Abstract
Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the European Union (EU), treatment and cure of HCV with direct-acting antiviral therapies began in 2014. WHO targets are to achieve a 65% reduction in liver-related deaths, a 90% reduction of new viral hepatitis infections, and 90% of patients with viral hepatitis infections being diagnosed by 2030. This study assessed the prevalence of HCV in the EU and the level of intervention required to achieve WHO targets for HCV elimination. Methods We populated country Markov models for the 28 EU countries through a literature search of PubMed and Embase between Jan 1, 2000, and March 31, 2016, and a Delphi process to gain expert consensus and validate inputs. We aggregated country models to create a regional EU model. We used the EU model to forecast HCV disease progression (considering the effect of immigration) and developed a strategy to acehive WHO targets. We used weighted average sustained viral response rates and fibrosis restrictions to model the effect of current therapeutic guidelines. We used the EU model to forecast HCV disease progression (considering the effect of immigration) under current screening and therapeutic guidelines. Additionally, we back-calculated the total number of patients needing to be screened and treated to achieve WHO targets. Findings We estimated the number of viraemic HCV infections in 2015 to be 3 238 000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2 106 000–3 795 000) of a total population of 509 868 000 in the EU, equating to a prevalence of viraemic HCV of 0·64% (95% UI 0·41–0·74). We estimated that 1 180 000 (95% UI 1 003 000–1 357 000) people were diagnosed with viraemia (36·4%), 150 000 (12 000–180 000) were treated (4·6% of the total infected population or 12·7% of the diagnosed population), 133 000 (106 000–160 000) were cured (4·1%), and 57 900 (43 900–67 300) were newly infected (1·8%) in 2015. Additionally, 30 400 (26 600–42 500) HCV-positive immigrants entered the EU. To achieve WHO targets, unrestricted treatment needs to increase from 150 000 patients in 2015 to 187 000 patients in 2025 and diagnosis needs to increase from 88 800 new cases annually in 2015 to 180 000 in 2025. Interpretation Given its advanced health-care infrastructure, the EU is uniquely poised to eliminate HCV; however, expansion of screening programmes is essential to increase treatment to achieve the WHO targets. A united effort, grounded in sound epidemiological evidence, will also be necessary. Funding Gilead Sciences. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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- 2017
30. Quantifying the impact of achieving the World Health Organization global health sector strategy goals for hepatitis C in the African Region
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Robbins, S., primary, Blach, S., additional, Brandon, S., additional, Estes, C., additional, Gamkrelidze, I., additional, Nde, H., additional, Razavi-Shearer-Spink, D., additional, Schmelzer, J., additional, and Razavi, H., additional
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- 2018
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31. Quantifying the impact of achieving the World Health Organization global health sector strategy goals for hepatitis C in the EURO region
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Robbins, S., primary, Blach, S., additional, Brandon, S., additional, Estes, C., additional, Gamkrelidze, I., additional, Nde, H., additional, Razavi-Shearer-Spink, D., additional, Schmelzer, J., additional, and Razavi, H., additional
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- 2018
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32. Hepatitis C infection in the Pan American Health Organization Region: The current burden of disease and a road map for achieving the WHO Global Health Sector Strategy Goals
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Schmelzer, J., primary, Blach, S., additional, Brandon, S., additional, Estes, C., additional, Gamkrelidze, I., additional, Nde, H., additional, Razavi-Shearer, D., additional, Robbins, S., additional, and Razavi, H., additional
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- 2018
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33. Achieving the World Hepatitis Organization global health sector strategies goals for hepatitis in theWHO Western Pacific Region: A modeling study
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Brandon, S., primary, Estes, C., additional, Nde, H., additional, Schmelzer, J., additional, and Razavi, H., additional
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- 2018
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34. The global prevalence of HBsAg by age in 2016 and the case for universal treatment in low and middle income countries
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Razavi-Shearer, D., primary, Gamkrelidze, I., additional, Blach, S., additional, Brandon, S., additional, Estes, C., additional, Nde, H., additional, Robbins, S., additional, Schmelzer, J., additional, and Razavi, H., additional
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- 2018
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35. Australia on track to achieve WHO elimination targets following rapid initial DAA treatment uptake
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Kwon, J.A., primary, Dore, G., additional, Grebely, J., additional, Hajarizadeh, B., additional, Guy, R., additional, Cunningham, E.B., additional, Estes, C., additional, Razavi, H., additional, and Gray, R.T., additional
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- 2018
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36. Multifactor risk evaluation in patients who have eradicated HCV infection: an interim analysis in the PITER cohort
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Kondili, L., primary, Quaranta, M.G., additional, Rosato, S., additional, Monti, M., additional, Coco, B., additional, Filomia, R., additional, Biliotti, E., additional, Iannone, A., additional, Zanetto, A., additional, Bruno, S., additional, Giorgini, A., additional, Loi, M., additional, Baragli, F., additional, Baiguera, C., additional, Vinci, M., additional, Eleonora, C., additional, Ciaccio, A., additional, Corsini, R., additional, D’ambrosio, R., additional, Labanca, S., additional, Dallio, M., additional, Orlandini, A., additional, Ciancio, A., additional, Buonomo, A.R., additional, Guarnieri, V., additional, Cossiga, V., additional, Masarone, M., additional, Ieluzzi, D., additional, Cannizzaro, M., additional, Soria, A., additional, Siciliano, M., additional, Amoruso, D.C., additional, Brancaccio, G., additional, Weimer, L.E., additional, Ferrigno, L., additional, Tosti, M.E., additional, Estes, C., additional, Razavi, H., additional, and Calvaruso, V., additional
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- 2018
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37. The current and future disease burden of hepatitis B in the general population and among five year olds in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
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Schmelzer, J., primary, Razavi-Shearer, D., additional, Blach, S., additional, Brandon, S., additional, Estes, C., additional, Gamkrelidze, I., additional, Nde, H., additional, Robbins, S., additional, and Razavi, H., additional
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- 2018
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38. Chronic hepatitis C burden and care cascade in Australia in the era of interferon-based treatment
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Hajarizadeh, B, Grebely, J, McManus, H, Estes, C, Razavi, H, Gray, RT, Alavi, M, Amin, J, McGregor, S, Sievert, W, Thompson, A, Dore, GJ, Hajarizadeh, B, Grebely, J, McManus, H, Estes, C, Razavi, H, Gray, RT, Alavi, M, Amin, J, McGregor, S, Sievert, W, Thompson, A, and Dore, GJ
- Abstract
Background and Aim: Interferon-free direct-acting antiviral regimens for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been recently available in Australia, beginning a new era in clinical and public health management of HCV infection. This study provided updated estimates of the HCV infection care cascade and burden in Australia as a reliable platform for assessing the future impact of interferon-free therapies. Methods: A modeling approach was applied to estimate the number of individuals living with chronic HCV infection and with various liver disease stages. Data from national registries of HCV notification and liver transplantation, literature review, and expert consensus informed the model parameters. HCV notification and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data were used to estimate the number of HCV diagnosed individuals and treatment uptake. Results: In 2014, an estimated 230 470 individuals (range: 180 490–243 990) were living with HCV, among whom 75% were diagnosed (n = 172 720; range: 156 720–188 770), 20% had ever received treatment (n = 45 000; range: 39 280–50 720), and 11% had been cured (n = 24 750; range: 21 520–27 990). Among individuals with HCV infection, the proportion with hepatic fibrosis stage ≥F3 doubled during the last decade, increasing from 9% (n = 18 580) in 2004 to 19% (n = 44,730) in 2014. Individuals initiating HCV treatment increased from 1100 in 1997 to 3840 in 2007, plateaued until 2010 and decreased to 2790 in 2014. Conclusions: The burden of HCV-related liver disease has increased markedly. Although the proportion diagnosed was high, treatment uptake remained low, with no increase over the last 7 years. Reducing the HCV burden in Australia requires scale-up of interferon-free HCV therapies.
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- 2017
39. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study.
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Farag E., De Ledinghen V., Dore G.J., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Peltekian K.M., Phillips R.O., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Prabdial-Sing N., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer D., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Ridruejo E., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Rosenberg W.M., Roudot-Thoraval F., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarmento-Castro R., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shevaldin A., Shiha G.E., Sonderup M., Souliotis K., Speiciene D., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stauber R.E., Stedman C., Struck D., Su T.-H., Sypsa V., Tan S.-S., Tanaka J., Thompson A.J., Tolmane I., Tomasiewicz K., Valantinas J., Van Damme P., Van Der Meer A.J., Van Thiel I., Van Vlierberghe H., Vince A., Vogel W., Wedemeyer H., Weis N., Wong V.W.S., Yaghi C., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yunihastuti E., Yusuf A., Zuckerman E., Razavi H., Sievert W., Blach S., Zeuzem S., Manns M., Altraif I., Duberg A.-S., Muljono D.H., Waked I., Alavian S.M., Lee M.-H., Negro F., Abaalkhail F., Abdou A., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ghazzawi I., Al Kaabi S., Al Lawati F., Al Namaani K., Al Serkal Y., Al-Busafi S.A., Al-Dabal L., Aleman S., Alghamdi A.S., Aljumah A.A., Al-Romaihi H.E., Andersson M.I., Arendt V., Arkkila P., Assiri A.M., Baatarkhuu O., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Bergin C., Bessone F., Bihl F., Bizri A.R., Blachier M., Blasco A.J., Brandao Mello C.E., Bruggmann P., Brunton C.R., Calinas F., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Cheinquer H., Chen C.-J., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Cisneros L., Clausen M.R., Cramp M.E., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Dalgard O., Daruich J.R., El-Sayed M.H., Ergor G., Esmat G., Estes C., Falconer K., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gamkrelidze I., Gane E., Garcia-Samaniego J., Khan A.G., Gountas I., Goldis A., Gottfredsson M., Grebely J., Gschwantler M., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Gunter J., Hajarizadeh B., Hajelssedig O., Hamid S., Hamoudi W., Hatzakis A., Himatt S.M., Hofer H., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T., Hunyady B., Idilman R., Jafri W., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuska P., Jeruma A., Jonasson J.G., Kamel Y., Kao J.-H., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Khamis J., Kim Y.S., Kondili L., Koutoubi Z., Krajden M., Krarup H., Lai M.-S., Laleman W., Lao W.-C., Lavanchy D., Lazaro P., Leleu H., Lesi O., Lesmana L.A., Li M., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S., Luksic B., Mahomed A., Maimets M., Makara M., Malu A.O., Marinho R.T., Marotta P., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Moreno C., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Nde H., Njouom R., Nonkovic D., Norris S., Obekpa S., Oguche S., Olafsson S., Oltman M., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Ovrehus A.L.H., Owusu-Ofori S., Oyunsuren T.S., Farag E., De Ledinghen V., Dore G.J., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Peltekian K.M., Phillips R.O., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Prabdial-Sing N., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer D., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Ridruejo E., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Rosenberg W.M., Roudot-Thoraval F., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarmento-Castro R., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shevaldin A., Shiha G.E., Sonderup M., Souliotis K., Speiciene D., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stauber R.E., Stedman C., Struck D., Su T.-H., Sypsa V., Tan S.-S., Tanaka J., Thompson A.J., Tolmane I., Tomasiewicz K., Valantinas J., Van Damme P., Van Der Meer A.J., Van Thiel I., Van Vlierberghe H., Vince A., Vogel W., Wedemeyer H., Weis N., Wong V.W.S., Yaghi C., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yunihastuti E., Yusuf A., Zuckerman E., Razavi H., Sievert W., Blach S., Zeuzem S., Manns M., Altraif I., Duberg A.-S., Muljono D.H., Waked I., Alavian S.M., Lee M.-H., Negro F., Abaalkhail F., Abdou A., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ghazzawi I., Al Kaabi S., Al Lawati F., Al Namaani K., Al Serkal Y., Al-Busafi S.A., Al-Dabal L., Aleman S., Alghamdi A.S., Aljumah A.A., Al-Romaihi H.E., Andersson M.I., Arendt V., Arkkila P., Assiri A.M., Baatarkhuu O., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Bergin C., Bessone F., Bihl F., Bizri A.R., Blachier M., Blasco A.J., Brandao Mello C.E., Bruggmann P., Brunton C.R., Calinas F., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Cheinquer H., Chen C.-J., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Cisneros L., Clausen M.R., Cramp M.E., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Dalgard O., Daruich J.R., El-Sayed M.H., Ergor G., Esmat G., Estes C., Falconer K., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gamkrelidze I., Gane E., Garcia-Samaniego J., Khan A.G., Gountas I., Goldis A., Gottfredsson M., Grebely J., Gschwantler M., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Gunter J., Hajarizadeh B., Hajelssedig O., Hamid S., Hamoudi W., Hatzakis A., Himatt S.M., Hofer H., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T., Hunyady B., Idilman R., Jafri W., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuska P., Jeruma A., Jonasson J.G., Kamel Y., Kao J.-H., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Khamis J., Kim Y.S., Kondili L., Koutoubi Z., Krajden M., Krarup H., Lai M.-S., Laleman W., Lao W.-C., Lavanchy D., Lazaro P., Leleu H., Lesi O., Lesmana L.A., Li M., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S., Luksic B., Mahomed A., Maimets M., Makara M., Malu A.O., Marinho R.T., Marotta P., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Moreno C., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Nde H., Njouom R., Nonkovic D., Norris S., Obekpa S., Oguche S., Olafsson S., Oltman M., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Ovrehus A.L.H., Owusu-Ofori S., and Oyunsuren T.S.
- Abstract
Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of-and expansion on-the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64-103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1.0% (95% uncertainty interval 0.8-1.1) in 2015, corresponding to 71.1 million (62.5-79.4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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- 2017
40. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study
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Blach, S, Zeuzem, S, Manns, M, Altraif, I, Duberg, AS, Muljono, DH, Waked, I, Alavian, SM, Lee, MH, Negro, F, Abaalkhail, F, Abdou, A, Abdulla, M, Abou Rached, A, Aho, I, Akarca, U, Al Ghazzawi, I, Al Kaabi, S, Al Lawati, F, Al Namaani, K, Al Serkal, Y, Al-Busafi, SA, Al-Dabal, L, Aleman, S, Alghamdi, AS, Aljumah, AA, Al-Romaihi, HE, Andersson, MI, Arendt, V, Arkkila, P, Assiri, AM, Baatarkhuu, O, Bane, A, Ben-Ari, Z, Bergin, C, Bessone, F, Bihl, F, Bizri, AR, Blachier, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandao Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Brunton, CR, Calinas, F, Chan, HLY, Chaudhry, A, Cheinquer, H, Chen, CJ, Chien, RN, Choi, MS, Christensen, PB, Chuang, WL, Chulanov, V, Cisneros, L, Clausen, MR, Cramp, ME, Craxi, A, Croes, EA, Dalgard, O, Daruich, JR, De Ledinghen, V, Dore, GJ, El-Sayed, MH, Ergor, G, Esmat, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Farag, E, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Flisiak, R, Frankova, S, Gamkrelidze, I, Gane, E, Garcia-Samaniego, J, Khan, AG, Gountas, I, Goldis, A, Gottfredsson, M, Grebely, J, Gschwantler, M, Guimaraes Pessoa, M, Gunter, J, Hajarizadeh, B, Hajelssedig, O, Hamid, S, Hamoudi, W, Hatzakis, A, Himatt, SM, Hofer, H, Hrstic, I, Hui, YT, Hunyady, B, Idilman, R, Jafri, W, Jahis, R, Janjua, NZ, Jarčuška, P, Jeruma, A, Jonasson, JG, Blach, S, Zeuzem, S, Manns, M, Altraif, I, Duberg, AS, Muljono, DH, Waked, I, Alavian, SM, Lee, MH, Negro, F, Abaalkhail, F, Abdou, A, Abdulla, M, Abou Rached, A, Aho, I, Akarca, U, Al Ghazzawi, I, Al Kaabi, S, Al Lawati, F, Al Namaani, K, Al Serkal, Y, Al-Busafi, SA, Al-Dabal, L, Aleman, S, Alghamdi, AS, Aljumah, AA, Al-Romaihi, HE, Andersson, MI, Arendt, V, Arkkila, P, Assiri, AM, Baatarkhuu, O, Bane, A, Ben-Ari, Z, Bergin, C, Bessone, F, Bihl, F, Bizri, AR, Blachier, M, Blasco, AJ, Brandao Mello, CE, Bruggmann, P, Brunton, CR, Calinas, F, Chan, HLY, Chaudhry, A, Cheinquer, H, Chen, CJ, Chien, RN, Choi, MS, Christensen, PB, Chuang, WL, Chulanov, V, Cisneros, L, Clausen, MR, Cramp, ME, Craxi, A, Croes, EA, Dalgard, O, Daruich, JR, De Ledinghen, V, Dore, GJ, El-Sayed, MH, Ergor, G, Esmat, G, Estes, C, Falconer, K, Farag, E, Ferraz, MLG, Ferreira, PR, Flisiak, R, Frankova, S, Gamkrelidze, I, Gane, E, Garcia-Samaniego, J, Khan, AG, Gountas, I, Goldis, A, Gottfredsson, M, Grebely, J, Gschwantler, M, Guimaraes Pessoa, M, Gunter, J, Hajarizadeh, B, Hajelssedig, O, Hamid, S, Hamoudi, W, Hatzakis, A, Himatt, SM, Hofer, H, Hrstic, I, Hui, YT, Hunyady, B, Idilman, R, Jafri, W, Jahis, R, Janjua, NZ, Jarčuška, P, Jeruma, A, and Jonasson, JG
- Abstract
Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of—and expansion on—the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64–103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8–1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5–79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation.
- Published
- 2017
41. Array Based Design of Multi-Wavelength Fluorescence System
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Estes, C., primary and Powers, L., primary
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- 2001
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42. O12 Australia could meet the WHO HCV elimination targets if the current rollout of DAA treatment is continued
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Kwon, A.J., primary, Dore, G.J., additional, Grebely, J., additional, Hajarizadeh, B., additional, Guy, R., additional, Cunningham, E.B., additional, Estes, C., additional, Razavi, H., additional, and Gray, R.T., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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43. HCV elimination among people who inject drugs. What would happen after the WHO HCV elimination target is achieved?
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Gountas, I., primary, Gamkrelidze, I., additional, Pasini, K., additional, Blach, S., additional, Razavi-Shearer, D., additional, Estes, C., additional, and Razavi, H., additional
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- 2017
- Full Text
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44. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections with today's treatment paradigm - volume 2
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Hatzakis, A. Chulanov, V. Gadano, A. C. Bergin, C. and Ben-Ari, Z. Mossong, J. Schreter, I. Baatarkhuu, O. and Acharya, S. Aho, I. Anand, A. C. Andersson, M. I. and Arendt, V. Arkkila, P. Barclay, K. Bessone, F. Blach, S. and Blokhina, N. Brunton, C. R. Choudhuri, G. Cisneros, L. and Croes, E. A. Dahgwahdorj, Y. A. Dalgard, O. Daruich, J. R. Dashdorj, N. R. Davaadorj, D. de Knegt, R. J. de Vree, M. Estes, C. Flisiak, R. Gane, E. Gower, E. and Halota, W. Henderson, C. Hoffmann, P. Hornell, J. and Houlihan, D. Hrusovsky, S. Jarcuska, P. Kershenobich, D. and Kostrzewska, K. Kristian, P. Leshno, M. Lurie, Y. and Mahomed, A. Mamonova, N. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Norris, S. and Nurmukhametova, E. Nymadawa, P. Oltman, M. Oyunbileg, J. and Oyunsuren, Ts. Papatheodoridis, G. Pimenov, N. and Prabdial-Sing, N. Prins, M. Radke, S. Rakhmanova, A. and Razavi-Shearer, K. Reesink, H. W. Ridruejo, E. Safadi, R. and Sagalova, O. Sanchez Avila, J. F. Sanduijav, R. and Saraswat, V. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S. R. Shestakova, I. and Shevaldin, A. Shibolet, O. Silva, M. O. Sokolov, S. and Sonderup, M. Souliotis, K. Spearman, C. W. Staub, T. and Stedman, C. Strebkova, E. A. Struck, D. Sypsa, V. and Tomasiewicz, K. Undram, L. van der Meer, A. J. van Santen, D. Veldhuijzen, I. Villamil, F. G. Willemse, S. and Zuckerman, E. Zuure, F. R. Puri, P. Razavi, H.
- Abstract
Morbidity and mortality attributable to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are increasing in many countries as the infected population ages. Models were developed for 15 countries to quantify and characterize the viremic population, as well as estimate the number of new infections and HCV related deaths from 2013 to 2030. Expert consensus was used to determine current treatment levels and outcomes in each country. In most countries, viremic prevalence has already peaked. In every country studied, prevalence begins to decline before 2030, when current treatment levels were held constant. In contrast, cases of advanced liver disease and liver related deaths will continue to increase through 2030 in most countries. The current treatment paradigm is inadequate if large reductions in HCV related morbidity and mortality are to be achieved.
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- 2015
45. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in select countries - volume 2
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Saraswat, V. Norris, S. de Knegt, R. J. Sanchez Avila, J. F. and Sonderup, M. Zuckerman, E. Arkkila, P. Stedman, C. and Acharya, S. Aho, I. Anand, A. C. Andersson, M. I. and Arendt, V. Baatarkhuu, O. Barclay, K. Ben-Ari, Z. and Bergin, C. Bessone, F. Blach, S. Blokhina, N. Brunton, C. R. Choudhuri, G. Chulanov, V. Cisneros, L. Croes, E. A. Dahgwahdorj, Y. A. Dalgard, O. Daruich, J. R. and Dashdorj, N. R. Davaadorj, D. de Vree, M. Estes, C. and Flisiak, R. Gadano, A. C. Gane, E. Halota, W. Hatzakis, A. Henderson, C. Hoffmann, P. Hornell, J. Houlihan, D. and Hrusovsky, S. Jarcuska, P. Kershenobich, D. Kostrzewska, K. Kristian, P. Leshno, M. Lurie, Y. Mahomed, A. and Mamonova, N. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Mossong, J. Nurmukhametova, E. Nymadawa, P. Oltman, M. Oyunbileg, J. Oyunsuren, Ts. and Papatheodoridis, G. Pimenov, N. Prabdial-Sing, N. Prins, M. Puri, P. Radke, S. Rakhmanova, A. Razavi, H. and Razavi-Shearer, K. Reesink, H. W. Ridruejo, E. Safadi, R. and Sagalova, O. Sanduijav, R. Schreter, I. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S. R. Shestakova, I. Shevaldin, A. Shibolet, O. and Sokolov, S. Souliotis, K. Spearman, C. W. Staub, T. and Strebkova, E. A. Struck, D. Tomasiewicz, K. Undram, L. and van der Meer, A. J. van Santen, D. Veldhuijzen, I. Villamil, F. G. Willemse, S. Zuure, F. R. Silva, M. O. Sypsa, V. and Gower, E.
- Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver related morbidity and mortality. In many countries, there is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data that are crucial in implementing disease control measures as new treatment options become available. Published literature, unpublished data and expert consensus were used to determine key parameters, including prevalence, viremia, genotype and the number of patients diagnosed and treated. In this study of 15 countries, viremic prevalence ranged from 0.13% in the Netherlands to 2.91% in Russia. The largest viremic populations were in India (8666000 cases) and Russia (4162000 cases). In most countries, males had a higher rate of infections, likely due to higher rates of injection drug use (IDU). Estimates characterizing the infected population are critical to focus screening and treatment efforts as new therapeutic options become available.
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- 2015
46. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disease burden - volume 2
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Gane, E. Kershenobich, D. Seguin-Devaux, C. Kristian, P. and Aho, I. Dalgard, O. Shestakova, I. Nymadawa, P. Blach, S. Acharya, S. Anand, A. C. Andersson, M. I. Arendt, V. and Arkkila, P. Baatarkhuu, O. Barclay, K. Ben-Ari, Z. and Bergin, C. Bessone, F. Blokhina, N. Brunton, C. R. and Choudhuri, G. Chulanov, V. Cisneros, L. Croes, E. A. and Dahgwahdorj, Y. A. Daruich, J. R. Dashdorj, N. R. Davaadorj, D. de Knegt, R. J. de Vree, M. Gadano, A. C. Gower, E. and Halota, W. Hatzakis, A. Henderson, C. Hoffmann, P. and Hornell, J. Houlihan, D. Hrusovsky, S. Jarcuska, P. and Kostrzewska, K. Leshno, M. Lurie, Y. Mahomed, A. and Mamonova, N. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Mossong, J. Norris, S. and Nurmukhametova, E. Oltman, M. Oyunbileg, J. Oyunsuren, Ts. and Papatheodoridis, G. Pimenov, N. Prins, M. Puri, P. and Radke, S. Rakhmanova, A. Razavi, H. Razavi-Shearer, K. and Reesink, H. W. Ridruejo, E. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. and Sanchez Avila, J. F. Sanduijav, R. Saraswat, V. Schreter, I. and Shah, S. R. Shevaldin, A. Shibolet, O. Silva, M. O. and Sokolov, S. Sonderup, M. Souliotis, K. Spearman, C. W. and Staub, T. Stedman, C. Strebkova, E. A. Struck, D. Sypsa, V. Tomasiewicz, K. Undram, L. van der Meer, A. J. van Santen, D. Veldhuijzen, I. Villamil, F. G. Willemse, S. and Zuckerman, E. Zuure, F. R. Prabdial-Sing, N. Flisiak, R. and Estes, C.
- Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 15 countries, and the relative impact of two scenarios was considered: (i) increased treatment efficacy while holding the treated population constant and (ii) increased treatment efficacy and increased annual treated population. Increasing levels of diagnosis and treatment, in combination with improved treatment efficacy, were critical for achieving substantial reductions in disease burden. In most countries, the annual treated population had to increase several fold to achieve the largest reductions in HCV-related morbidity and mortality. This suggests that increased capacity for screening and treatment will be critical in many countries. Birth cohort screening is a helpful tool for maximizing resources. In most of the studied countries, the majority of patients were born between 1945 and 1985.
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- 2015
47. Historical Trends in the Hepatitis C Virus Epidemics in North America and Australia
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Rodrigo, C, Eltahla, AA, Bull, RA, Grebely, J, Dore, GJ, Applegate, T, Page, K, Bruneau, J, Morris, MD, Cox, AL, Osburn, W, Kim, AY, Schinkel, J, Shoukry, NH, Lauer, GM, Maher, L, Hellard, M, Prins, M, Estes, C, Razavi, H, Lloyd, AR, Luciani, F, Rodrigo, C, Eltahla, AA, Bull, RA, Grebely, J, Dore, GJ, Applegate, T, Page, K, Bruneau, J, Morris, MD, Cox, AL, Osburn, W, Kim, AY, Schinkel, J, Shoukry, NH, Lauer, GM, Maher, L, Hellard, M, Prins, M, Estes, C, Razavi, H, Lloyd, AR, and Luciani, F
- Abstract
Background. Bayesian evolutionary analysis (coalescent analysis) based on genetic sequences has been used to describe the origins and spread of rapidly mutating RNA viruses, such as influenza, Ebola, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Methods. Full-length subtype 1a and 3a sequences from early HCV infections from the International Collaborative of Incident HIV and Hepatitis C in Injecting Cohorts (InC3), as well as from public databases from a time window of 1977-2012, were used in a coalescent analysis with BEAST software to estimate the origin and progression of the HCV epidemics in Australia and North America. Convergent temporal trends were sought via independent epidemiological modeling. Results. The epidemic of subtype 3a had more recent origins (around 1950) than subtype 1a (around 1920) in both continents. In both modeling approaches and in both continents, the epidemics underwent exponential growth between 1955 and 1975, which then stabilized in the late 20th century. Conclusions. Historical events that fuelled the emergence and spread of injecting drug use, such as the advent of intravenous medical therapies and devices, and growth in the heroin trade, as well as population mixing during armed conflicts, were likely drivers for the cross-continental spread of the HCV epidemics.
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- 2016
48. The Politics of Community Planning for The Elderly
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Estes, C. L.
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- 1976
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49. THU-397 - Multifactor risk evaluation in patients who have eradicated HCV infection: an interim analysis in the PITER cohort
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Kondili, L., Quaranta, M.G., Rosato, S., Monti, M., Coco, B., Filomia, R., Biliotti, E., Iannone, A., Zanetto, A., Bruno, S., Giorgini, A., Loi, M., Baragli, F., Baiguera, C., Vinci, M., Eleonora, C., Ciaccio, A., Corsini, R., D’ambrosio, R., Labanca, S., Dallio, M., Orlandini, A., Ciancio, A., Buonomo, A.R., Guarnieri, V., Cossiga, V., Masarone, M., Ieluzzi, D., Cannizzaro, M., Soria, A., Siciliano, M., Amoruso, D.C., Brancaccio, G., Weimer, L.E., Ferrigno, L., Tosti, M.E., Estes, C., Razavi, H., and Calvaruso, V.
- Published
- 2018
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50. THU-103 - Achieving the World Hepatitis Organization global health sector strategies goals for hepatitis in theWHO Western Pacific Region: A modeling study
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Brandon, S., Estes, C., Nde, H., Schmelzer, J., and Razavi, H.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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