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Insomnia affects up to 63% of patients with cancer. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is considered to be the non-pharmacological gold standard treatment, but it remains underutilized in France. Self-administered interventions offer new ways to overcome some of the barriers that restrict access to efficacious supportive care. To assess the feasibility, among French adult cancer outpatients, of a validated Quebec video-based, self-administered, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (VCBT-I). A pre-post design with quantitative measures (Insomnia Severity Index, Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, Treatment Perception Questionnaire) and qualitative measures (semi-structured interviews) was used. One hundred and seventy-three cancer outpatients were self-screened for insomnia, and 57% (n=99) reported significant symptoms. Among them, 80% (n=79) agreed to participate in the VCBT-I. The download rate of the VCBT-I was 78% (n=62/79). Several technical and contextual barriers to the delivery and the applicability of the VCBT-I emerged. However, participants reported a high level of satisfaction, and some valuable benefits at post-immediate intervention (increased knowledge about sleep, better quality of sleep, and higher acceptance of the burden of insomnia), regardless of whether or not they still had insomnia. This study confirms that there is a demand for a VCBT-I, which was perceived as appropriate by a sample of French cancer outpatients with insomnia, but it also highlights some limitations in terms of implementation and practicality. Remote professional support appears to be a core need in order to address these issues and personalize the guidance process.

Adjuvant radiotherapy is one of the major anticancer treatments in early breast cancer patients. Acute and late radio-induced effects may occur during or after breast cancer radiotherapy, and their medical management is a major issue for radiation oncologists. Here, the present review of literature embraces complementary non-pharmacological interventions, which could be combined to adjuvant radiotherapy in order to improve patients care.

The study investigated the prospective memory (PM) functioning among patients with brain metastases (BM), eligible for neurosurgy/radiosurgery, and its relationships with depression and quality of life (QoL). This case-healthy-control, cross-sectional study, comprised 160 participants, including 49 patients with BM from various cancers treated with neurosurgery or radiosurgery. They were compared with 111 matched controls on a set of neuropsychological tests, including the MoCA global cognitive test and an experimental PM task ‘PROMESSE’. Participants also completed a depression scale (BDI-II), a generic (SF-12) and a specific (QLQ-C30) QoL instrument for cancer patients. Multivariate analyses were conducted on various PM outcomes, in particular on event-based (EBPM) and time-based (TBPM) PM performances. After adjusting for age and socio-cultural level, patients with BM performed worse than the control on the PM task (p

Summary Background & aims Energy intake and food ingesta are central in nutritional screening and assessment. Cancer patients are at nutritional risk of losing weight, and clinicians need quick and easy tools to identify patients for nutritional support. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and the accuracy of a Visual/Verbal Analogue Scale of food ingesta ( ingesta -VVAS) to assess energy food intake and nutritional risk in medical oncology patients. Methods Dieticians administered prospectively the ingesta -VVAS in 1762 medical oncology patients . The external validity of the ingesta- VVAS was determined against daily energy intake based on a 24-h dietary recall. Patients had to estimate how they currently ate on a scale from 0 “ nothing at all ” to 10 “ as usual ”. Area Under the Receiver-Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve served as determine the optimal cut-off and provide the discriminative power of the tool to detect patients who ingested less or more than 25 kcal kg −1 day −1 . Results The feasibility of the ingesta -VVAS was 97.7%. The scores were significantly correlated with energy intake ( ρ = .67, p i.e. malnutrition or not). With a cut-off of ≤7, the ingesta -VVAS exhibited a good power discrimination (AUC = .804) to detect patients who ingested less or more than 25 kcal kg −1 day −1 , with a sensitivity of 80.8%, a positive predictive value of 83.6%, a specificity of 67.5%, and a negative predictive value of 63.3%. Patients with a score ≤7 on the ingesta -VVAS score were at 12-fold higher probability of nutritional risk [OR 12.3; 95% CI (8.7–17.4); p Conclusions This easy-to-use ingesta- VVAS is well-correlated with energy intake and may be useful in clinical practice. An ingesta- VVAS score is ≤ 7 could be used to detect patients with nutritional risk of weight loss in medical oncology.

Adjuvant radiotherapy is one of the major anticancer treatments in early breast cancer patients. Acute and late radio-induced effects may occur during or after breast cancer radiotherapy, and their medical management is a major issue for radiation oncologists. Here, the present review of literature embraces complementary non-pharmacological interventions, which could be combined to adjuvant radiotherapy in order to improve patients care.

'Bad News Consultations' (BNC), conducted by nurses who are specialists in cancer, have been institutionally implemented in all French anti-cancer centres, to support the patient facing announcement-related stress. This study aimed to 1/describe the impact of the BNC on the patient's perceived stress and 2/determine the patient's benefits from the BNC.This monocentric study, cross-sectional evaluation, used a mixed method, both quantitative and qualitative. During 8 months, 336 eligible participants who underwent a BNC were recruited by nurses. Perceived stress was self-assessed with a validated Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), at the beginning and at the end of the BNC. Stress resilience was self-assessed once using the CD-RISC2. Qualitative experiences were explored after the BNC, using a 25-item questionnaire. Multivariate analyses were conducted on perceived stress measures (on the VAS) to test mixed-effects models, including initial predispositions (e.g., stress resilience) and organisational constraints (e.g, interval between the medical consultation and the BNC).Analyses on the perceived stress measures revealed a significant and negative effect of Time (B = -1.91; p .001), Gender (B = 0.72; p = .03), and Resilience score (B = -0.43; p .001), without any significant effect of the other incorporated random effects (i.e., Type of cancer/treatment) nor fixed effects (i.e., Age, Organisational constraints). Patients mostly reported having received necessary information, having their addressed emotions with empathetic responses and respect, perceived benefits in the healthcare pathway, and heard of some supportive cares.Perceived stress was reduced after BNCs. According to the patients, the BNCs allowed a better patient-centered communication and a better care pathway.

Insomnia affects up to 63% of patients with cancer. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is considered to be the non-pharmacological gold standard treatment, but it remains underutilized in France. Self-administered interventions offer new ways to overcome some of the barriers that restrict access to efficacious supportive care.To assess the feasibility, among French adult cancer outpatients, of a validated Quebec video-based, self-administered, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (VCBT-I).A pre-post design with quantitative measures (Insomnia Severity Index, Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, Treatment Perception Questionnaire) and qualitative measures (semi-structured interviews) was used.One hundred and seventy-three cancer outpatients were self-screened for insomnia, and 57% (n=99) reported significant symptoms. Among them, 80% (n=79) agreed to participate in the VCBT-I. The download rate of the VCBT-I was 78% (n=62/79). Several technical and contextual barriers to the delivery and the applicability of the VCBT-I emerged. However, participants reported a high level of satisfaction, and some valuable benefits at post-immediate intervention (increased knowledge about sleep, better quality of sleep, and higher acceptance of the burden of insomnia), regardless of whether or not they still had insomnia.This study confirms that there is a demand for a VCBT-I, which was perceived as appropriate by a sample of French cancer outpatients with insomnia, but it also highlights some limitations in terms of implementation and practicality. Remote professional support appears to be a core need in order to address these issues and personalize the guidance process.

Stress is a well-known determinant of cognitive performance in both younger and older adults. However, the moderating effect of pathological aging on this relationship remains insufficiently documented. We hypothesize that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients will report higher perceived stress than control older adults, when asked to complete an effortful cognitive task. We also hypothesize that the deleterious effect of perceived stress on cognitive performance is more evident in MCI and AD patients.The 131 participants consisted of: 25 functional older adults, 35 nonamnestic-MCI patients, 35 amnestic-MCI patients, and 36 AD patients. They were asked to complete the Victoria Stroop test and report their level of perceived stress at four times: before the test (i.e., baseline) and after each part of the test (three, increasingly effortful levels of cognitive requirement).Overall, perceived stress increased in the most effortful condition-except for AD patients, who reported a decline. A positive main effect of perceived stress on response latency was confirmed. However, this effect became negative in all participants when the model accounted for the difficulty of the task.The results suggest that the ability to perceive the stress levels generated by an effortful cognitive task may be altered in AD. They also suggest that the Stroop task may generate a form of perceived stress favoring engagement, and AD patients may not benefit from its positive effects on performance. They put into questions the usual clinical interpretations.

Il est couramment admis que les bénéfices d’une psychothérapie sur la santé psychique et la qualité de vie dépendent du psychologue, du patient et de la qualité de leur relation. Si ces observations restent vraies, de récentes études interventionnelles montrent que la méthode psychothérapeutique utilisée compte autant, et de plus en plus au fil des séances. L’article invite les psychothérapeutes à contribuer davantage aux études interventionnelles d’efficience et d’implémentation pour améliorer les pratiques spécifiques en oncologie, pour garantir le respect de la subjectivité, pour optimiser les bénéfices des patients et pour mieux se différencier de pratiques non pertinentes, voire dangereuses, propagées par des professionnels de santé, des réseaux sociaux ou des médias sous influence.

Objective The Hayling Sentence Completion Test (HSCT) measures prepotent response inhibition, useful to assess inhibition deficit in a variety of clinical conditions. Despite its extensive use by numerous clinical and research groups in France, normative data for the HSCT are not yet available for French speakers. Method A French version of the HCST was administered to a sample of 426 healthy community-dwelling French speaking adults (20-87 years of age). Normative data were calculated using a regression-based approach. Results Regression analyses indicated that both age and education were associated with response latency and number of errors in the inhibition condition. Equations to calculate Z scores are provided for clinical use. In addition, we provided a clear guideline for the error scoring of the inhibition condition by establishing a corpus of errors adjusted for the linguistic and cultural realities of the French population. Using this guideline, a good inter-rater reliability was observed. Because of the restricted ranges of response latency and number of errors in the automatic condition, the relationship between these scores and demographic factors was not explored. By consequence, no norms were proposed for this condition. Conclusions We provide normative data of a French version of the HSCT for adults and elderly patients. These normative data obtained will be extremely useful for clinical practice and research purposes.

A worry state is assumed to emerge from the interaction between metacognitive beliefs, and the appraisal of environmental demands (Wells & Matthews, 1994). The aim of this study was to show that metacognitive beliefs moderate the effect of sources of social evaluative threat on worry. Our sample (N = 174) completed a working memory task in two contexts (threatful vs. neutral), while both pre- and post-task measures subjective stress states were recorded. Our results confirmed significant effects of sources of social evaluative threat and metacognitive beliefs on worry. The interaction metacognition * threat context effect on worry was not significant. Our findings support the hypothesis that worry is a form of subjective stress explained by a combination of outcome uncontrollability and social evaluative threat. Social evaluative threat and metacognitive beliefs appeared as two, independent predictors of a worry state. Our results are discussed in reference to the Self Regulative model of stress.

Introduction: The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) is one of the most commonly used scales to assess both retrospective memory (RM) and prospective memory (PM) complaints. ...

Les Interventions Non Medicamenteuses (INM) sont devenues des solutions incontournables pour ameliorer la qualite de vie et la sante. Elles presentent dans certains cas un impact positif sur la duree de vie et des benefices sociaux et economiques. Leur usage augmente sans cesse. Une plateforme universitaire collaborative basee a Montpellier, la Plateforme CEPS, reflechit aux manieres de les evaluer. Cet article presente plus en detail ses activites.

BACKGROUND Patients and health care professionals are becoming increasingly preoccupied in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) that can also be called nonpharmacological interventions (NPIs). In just a few years, this supportive care has gone from solutions aimed at improving the quality of life to solutions intended to reduce symptoms, supplement oncological treatments, and prevent recurrences. Digital social networks are a major vector for disseminating these practices that are not always disclosed to doctors by patients. An exploration of the content of exchanges on social networks by patients suffering from breast cancer can help to better identify the extent and diversity of these practices. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the interest of patients with breast cancer in CAM from posts published in health forums and French-language social media groups. METHODS The retrospective study was based on a French database of 2 forums and 4 Facebook groups between June 3, 2006, and November 17, 2015. The extracted, anonymized, and compiled data (264,249 posts) were analyzed according to the occurrences associated with the NPI categories and NPI subcategories, their synonyms, and their related terms. RESULTS The results showed that patients with breast cancer use mainly physical (37.6%) and nutritional (31.3%) interventions. Herbal medicine is a subcategory that was cited frequently. However, the patients did not mention digital interventions. CONCLUSIONS This exploratory study of the main French forums and discussion groups indicates a significant interest in CAM during and after treatments for breast cancer, with primarily physical and nutritional interventions complementing approved treatments. This study highlights the importance of accurate information (vs fake medicine), prescription and monitoring of these interventions, and the mediating role that health professionals must play in this regard.

Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse : http://hdl.handle.net/2042/65114; International audience; La multiplication des interventions non médicamenteuses (INM) et des doutes résiduels de leur efficacité imposent aujourd’hui de ne plus se cantonner à leur appellation générale et disciplinaire (psychothérapie, thérapie manuelle, complément alimentaire, activité physique adaptée, solution e-santé…) mais d’accéder à leur véritable contenu. Décrite de manière précise, chaque INM pourra être mieux évaluée par la science, surveillée par les professionnels et expliquée au patient. Pour ce faire, il est nécessaire de construire une modélisation de l’ensemble des connaissances scientifiques et d’usage sous la forme d’une ontologie informatique. Cette ontologie des INM facilitera les recherches bibliographiques, les statistiques d’usage et l’amélioration des bonnes pratiques. Une première version de cette classification internationale évolutive est disponible sur le site Internet de la Plateforme universitaire CEPS en accès libre.

International audience; This study aimed to examine the age-related differences in the olfactory–visual cross-correspondences and the extent to which they are moderated by the odors pleasantness. Sixty participants aged from 20- to 75- years (young, middle-aged and older adults) performed a priming task to explore the influence of six olfactory primes (lemon, orange, rose, thyme, mint and fish) on the categorization (cool vs. warm) of six subsequent color targets (yellow, orange, pink, malachite green, grass-green, and blue-gray). We tested mixed effects models. Response times were regressed on covariates models using both fixed effects (Groups of age, olfactory Pleasantness and multimodal Condition) and cross-random effects (Subject, Color and Odor). The random effects coding for Odor (p < .001) and Color (p = .001) were significant. There was a significant interaction effect ( p= .004) between Condition × Pleasantness, but not with Groups of age. The compatibility effect (i.e., when odors and colors were congruent, the targets processing were facilitated) was as much enhanced as the olfactory primes were pleasant. Cross-correspondences between olfaction and vision may be robust in aging. They should be considered alongside spatiotemporal but also emotional congruency.

Background Patients and health care professionals are becoming increasingly preoccupied in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) that can also be called nonpharmacological interventions (NPIs). In just a few years, this supportive care has gone from solutions aimed at improving the quality of life to solutions intended to reduce symptoms, supplement oncological treatments, and prevent recurrences. Digital social networks are a major vector for disseminating these practices that are not always disclosed to doctors by patients. An exploration of the content of exchanges on social networks by patients suffering from breast cancer can help to better identify the extent and diversity of these practices. Objective This study aimed to explore the interest of patients with breast cancer in CAM from posts published in health forums and French-language social media groups. Methods The retrospective study was based on a French database of 2 forums and 4 Facebook groups between June 3, 2006, and November 17, 2015. The extracted, anonymized, and compiled data (264,249 posts) were analyzed according to the occurrences associated with the NPI categories and NPI subcategories, their synonyms, and their related terms. Results The results showed that patients with breast cancer use mainly physical (37.6%) and nutritional (31.3%) interventions. Herbal medicine is a subcategory that was cited frequently. However, the patients did not mention digital interventions. Conclusions This exploratory study of the main French forums and discussion groups indicates a significant interest in CAM during and after treatments for breast cancer, with primarily physical and nutritional interventions complementing approved treatments. This study highlights the importance of accurate information (vs fake medicine), prescription and monitoring of these interventions, and the mediating role that health professionals must play in this regard.

International audience; PurposeThe present study examined patient self-reports of descriptions, experiences and consequences of meal disturbances and food preferences within a cultural context (i.e., French meal traditions) in various treated cancer patients along their disease trajectory.MethodsOver 800 questionnaires were sent to 20 cancer treatment centres in France. During a 9-month period, 255 questionnaires were received from five centres. Inclusion criteria included those French patients over 18 years of age, could read and understand French, had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score between 0 and 2, experienced treatment-induced nutrition changes and/or had decreased oral intake. Dietetic staff assessed clinical characteristics while patients completed a 17-item questionnaire.ResultsThe majority of patients were diagnosed with breast, gastro-intestinal (GI) tract and head and neck cancers (62 %). Half of the patients (49 %) experienced weight loss >5 %. The main treatment-induced side effects were fatigue, nausea, dry mouth, hypersensitivity to odors and GI tract transit disorders. These discomforts affected eating and drinking in 83 % of patients, inducing appetite loss and selected food aversion. Food preference appeared heterogeneous. Food taste, odor and finally appearance stimulated appetite. Finally, dietary behaviors and satisfaction were driven by the extent to which food was enjoyed.ConclusionsDuring oncologic treatments, eating and drinking were affected in more than three-quarters of patients. As recommended by practice guidelines, nutritional assessment and follow-up are required. Personalized nutritional counseling should include the role of the family, patient’s meal traditions, and food habits.

International audience; Cet article s’intéresse au rôle de la conscience autonoétique, celle qui permet le voyage mental dans le temps. Cette conscience joue un rôle central dans la qualité de vie de patients souffrant de métastases cérébrales (MC). L’article explore deux déclinaisons du voyage mental, la mémoire prospective et la perspective temporelle, à travers un regard neuropsychologique et psychologique. L’article propose des perspectives de recherches cliniques et de prises en charge pour ces patients.

Resume L’evaluation des processus d’inhibition a une place centrale en neuropsychologie comme en psychopathologie. De nombreux praticiens et chercheurs tiennent pour acquis qu’un deficit d’inhibition peut etre evoque pour rendre compte des performances lors du vieillissement normal et pathologique. Si les fonctions essentielles remplies par les mecanismes inhibiteurs sont largement detaillees dans la litterature, la nature precise des processus sous-jacents mis en jeu demeure peu abordee. A ce propos, dans un article de 1997, Burke (4) met en exergue l’urgence de se concentrer sur une specification de la theorie de l’inhibition qui demeure a ce jour vague et intuitive. Autrement dit, les phenomenes inhibiteurs observes sur les performances (ie ralentissement des temps de reponse) ne sont pas interpretables de facon univoque par l’existence de processus cognitifs inhibiteurs centraux. Ceci est d’autant plus vrai dans le contexte de l’amorcage negatif, paradigme couramment employe lors de protocoles hospitaliers de recherche clinique (notamment en neuropsychologie et psychopathologie). Selon l’interpretation dorso-ventrale de l’amorcage negatif, il existe 2 processus d’inhibition independants, l’un base sur la localisation, l’autre sur l’identite des informations. Neanmoins, la question de la multiplicite des fonctions inhibitrices et de la validite psychologique de l’inhibition comme processus organisateur de la pensee demeure a ce jour source d’oppositions. Pour notre part, nous proposons qu’une approche de l’inhibition en termes de niveaux de traitement autorise une comprehension unitaire et automatique de cette derniere. Nous defendons ainsi l’hypothese frontale de l’amorcage negatif selon laquelle la capacite a inhiber depend des capacites de controle et de maintien des objectifs des individus. Dans ce but, nous avons realise 2 experiences a partir d’une version modifiee du paradigme d’amorcage negatif associe a une tâche de categorisation sur le genre. Nous montrons que la compatibilite des couples amorce/cible donne lieu a un ralentissement des temps de decision comparativement a une condition incompatible. Nous appelons ce ralentissement Effet de compatibilite negative (NCE) que nous interpretons comme etant un indicateur de la mise en œuvre d’un mecanisme d’inhibition automatique. Le profil des performances entre jeunes et âges ne differe pas des lors que la tâche necessite peu d’attention controlee (experience 1). En revanche, les personnes âgees ne presentent pas de NCE des lors que la tâche est complexe (experience 2). Notre travail suggere qu’il est essentiel de prendre en compte la capacite generale des sujets, notamment leur capacite a maintenir les buts en cours, lorsque nous postulons qu’il existe un deficit d’inhibition lors du vieillissement. Nous discutons de ces resultats au regard de la theorie des niveaux de traitement et des donnees recentes issues de la neuro-imagerie.

International audience; We investigated the moderating impact of the personality construct alexithymia on the ability of younger and older adults to control the recall of negative and neutral material. We conducted two experiments using the directed forgetting paradigm with younger and older adults. Participants studied negative (Experiment 1) or neutral (Experiment 2) words. Participants were instructed to forget the first half and remember the second half of an entire list of words. Overall, we found that alexithymia impairs the ability of both younger and older adults to cognitively control negative material (through both recall and inhibition). The “externally oriented thinking” factor of alexithymia appears to play a particularly pertinent role in terms of inhibiting negative material. Furthermore, older adults recalled fewer sought after negative items, but this was not evident in terms of inhibition. In contrast, only age (older adults) negatively impacted the recall of sought after neutral items. Interestingly, alexithymia had the opposite effect: the “difficulty in identifying emotions” factor of alexithymia was associated with an increased recall of neutral items. We discuss these results in terms of alexithymia and its impact on cognitive control.

International audience; This study aimed to create a new French version of the Hay and Jacoby habit-training procedure (1996; 1999) and apply it to novel populations to determine the degree to which habit and recollection were affected. Method: 36 young, 32 middle-aged, and 37 older adults participated in Experiment 1. 17 controls, 17 patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (a-MCI), and 17 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were involved in Experiment 2. Participants were assessed across a variety of demographic, neuropsychological and psychopathological variables (e.g., depressive affects, subjective experience of cognitive failures, interference sensitivity). The habit-training process-dissociation was used to explore the cognitive mechanisms underlying memory slips to separate the contribution of habit and recollection to memory performance. Results: The data show a very clear pattern of decreased recollection with age, F(2, 102) = 25.12, p< .001, η p2 = .197, and age-related neurological impairment, F(2, 48) = 39.22, p< .001, η p2 = .62, with intact use of habit-based memory. Additional evidence for the validity of the process estimates is provided by theoretically meaningful correlations between the process estimates and measures of attentional control (Stroop test: r = −0.40) and subjective memory complaint (r = −0.45). Conclusions: Although likely not the same as familiarity, the data add to a growing literature suggesting that controlled forms of memory decline with age and in age-related neurological conditions (MCI and AD) whereas more automatic forms of memory (habit) remain intact. This research should improve understanding of memory complaints, preclinical and clinical dementia, and help target processes for rehabilitation.

International audience; Dans ce travail, nous proposons des données normatives concernant la complétion d’un corpus de 102 trigrammes. Cette norme est établie auprès departicipants répartis selon cinq groupes d’âge (30/40, 40/50, 50/60 et 60/70 et 70 ans et plus). Nous avons demandé à l’ensemble desparticipantsde compléter destrigrammes avec deux lettres afin de former, pour chaque item, un maximum de mots de cinq lettres de la langue française. La norme globale inclut différents indices decomplétion tenant compte des effets de l’âge et de la polarité destrigrammes. Des normes spécifiques à chaque groupe d’âge sont également disponibles afin de situer la performance de chaque participant au regard d’un échantillon du même groupe d’âge. L’ensemble de ce travail permet d’élaborer du matériel expérimental, premièrement, en considérant conjointement la fréquence objective et la fréquence decomplétion subjective et, deuxièmement, tout en tenant compte de la variabilité des réponses intra- et intergroupes.

The aim of this study is to explore cognitive complaint by investigating the influence of memory controlled processes (recollection) and metacognitive beliefs. Several methodological precautions were taken in order to control neuropsychological and psychopathological criteria, like anxiety, depression or objective memory trouble. The "habit paradigm" (Hay & Jacoby, 1999) was used to create a "memory slips" task, and to estimate the contributions of recollection and habit to performance. Besides, participants were asked to complete questionnaires in order to assess cognitive complaint (CDS) and metacognitive beliefs (MCQ). Results showed that neither cognitive complaint nor metacognitive beliefs differed significantly between young and older persons. However, statistical analysis did show cognitive dissociations in function of cognitive complaint. Finally, depressive affects, memory controlled processes and metacognitive beliefs about the controllability of thoughts appeared as good predictors of memory complaint. In spite of our study limitations, we discuss our results in terms of clinical implications.

Little is known about the psychological determinants of quality of life in brain metastases patients treated with neurosurgical techniques, in particular the contribution of cognitive and emotional functioning. Authors encourage the consideration of temporality in order to better understand the concept of quality of life. Zimbardo and his collaborators developed a psychological time theory that links quality of life and depression, called the "time perspective". The thesis aims to confirm the predictive role of cognitive functioning in the quality of life of patients treated surgically for metastatic cerebral tumors and to better understand the relationships between time perspective, depression and quality of life. A first study compared the sociocognitive profile in inter-subjects (patients versus controls) and in intra-subjects (before neurosurgical treatment versus after), and explored determinants of quality of life (ie, cognitive functioning, depressive symptomatology and time perspective). The main results are that patients have a global cognitive dysfunction that negatively impairs their functional autonomy and that a depressive symptomatology, even minimal, is an important predictor of their overall quality of life. Patients are more oriented towards the "present-fatalistic " than the controls, and the "past" dimensions of their time perspective are related to their quality of life, notably through their influence on the emotional state. A second study examined the relationship between the "past-negative" dimension of the time perspective in particular, depression and quality of life in a group of patients. The results suggest that the depressive symptomatology of patients mediate the effects of the "past negative" dimension on their quality of life. A third study explored, through a case study, the dynamics of the time perspective profile, depressive symptomatology, "uncertainty towards the future" and quality of life during medical follow-up. The main result of this study is that the dynamics of the two "present" dimensions evolve jointly with the future uncertainty. The thesis encourages the implementation of interventional studies to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions centered on the time perspective in brain metastases patients.; Les déterminants psychologiques de la qualité de vie des patients atteints de métastases cérébrales traités par des techniques de neurochirurgie sont peu connus, et en particulier la contribution du fonctionnement cognitif et émotionnel. Des auteurs encouragent la prise en compte de la temporalité pour mieux saisir le concept de qualité de vie. Zimbardo et ses collaborateurs ont développé une théorie du temps psychologique qui permet de relier la qualité de vie et la dépression, nommée la « perspective temporelle ». La thèse vise à confirmer le rôle prédicteur du fonctionnement cognitif dans la qualité de vie de patients traités chirurgicalement pour tumeur(s) cérébrale(s) métastatique(s) et à mieux comprendre les relations entre la perspective temporelle, la dépression et la qualité de vie. Une première étude a comparé le profil sociocognitif en inter-sujets (patients versus témoins) et en intra-sujets (avant traitement neurochirurgical versus après), et a exploré des déterminants de la qualité de vie (i.e., fonctionnement cognitif, symptomatologie dépressive et perspective temporelle). Les résultats principaux sont que les patients présentent un dysfonctionnement cognitif global qui impacte négativement leur autonomie fonctionnelle et qu’une symptomatologie dépressive, même légère, est un important prédicteur de leur qualité de vie globale. Les patients sont plus orientés vers le « présent fataliste » que des témoins, et les dimensions « passé » de leur perspective temporelle sont liées à leur qualité de vie, notamment à travers leur influence sur l’état émotionnel. Une deuxième étude a examiné les relations entre la dimension « passé négatif » de la perspective temporelle en particulier, la dépression et la qualité de vie chez un groupe de patients. Les résultats suggèrent que la symptomatologie dépressive des patients est un médiateur des effets de la dimension « passé négatif » sur leur qualité de vie. Une troisième recherche a exploré, via une étude de cas, les dynamiques du profil de perspective temporelle, de la symptomatologie dépressive, de « l’incertitude vers le futur » et de la qualité de vie au cours du suivi médical. Le principal résultat de cette étude est que les dynamiques des deux dimensions « présent » évoluent conjointement à celle de l’incertitude vers le futur. La thèse encourage la mise en œuvre d’études interventionnelles destinées à évaluer l’efficacité d’interventions psychologiques centrées sur la perspective temporelle chez des patients atteints de métastases cérébrales.