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Genus Leviapseudes Sieg, 1983 Diagnosis (amended after Larsen 2012) Female Rostrum present. Cephalothorax with spiniform processes on branchial chambers. Pereonites with lateral processes. Pereonite 6 longer than wide. Pleonites narrower than pereonite 6. Cheliped carpus as long as or longer than fixed finger. Pereopod 1 merus longer than carpus. Pereopod 4 dactylus/unguis sometimes reduced to a claw. Male As female, but pereonite 6 with clearly identifiable genital cone. Antennule after terminal molt with numerous aesthetascs. Pereopod 4 dactylus/unguis, if reduced to a claw, less evident than in female. Pleonites always with lateral epimera, and epimera larger than in female. Remarks The most recent diagnosis of Leviapseudes, provided by Larsen (2012), included a bi-articulated pleopod exopod, when present, as a distinguishing character. However, a number of species within the genus present a pleopod endopod with one article, namely: L. aberrans (Lang, 1968), L. angelikae, L. demerarae Bacescu, 1984 and L. longissimus Bacescu, 1982. Therefore, we amend the diagnosis deleting this character. The presence of a rostrum (absent in Fageapseudes Bacescu & Gutu, 1971), as well as the presence of spiniform processes on the branchial chambers and presence of lateral processes on the pereonites (verified for all species of Leviapseudes) have been added., Published as part of Gouillieux, Benoit, Labrune, Céline & Esquete, Patricia, 2023, Leviapseudes tethys (Tanaidacea: Apseudidae), a new species from a submarine canyon of the French Mediterranean Sea, with remarks and a diagnosis for the genus, pp. 24-37 in European Journal of Taxonomy 879 on page 27, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.879.2157, http://zenodo.org/record/8135459, {"references":["Larsen K. 2012. Tanaidacea (Peracarida) from Macaronesia I. The deep-water fauna off the Selvagen Islands, Portugal. Crustaceana 85: 571 - 589. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854012 X 633376","Lang K. 1968. Deep-sea Tanaidacea. Galathea Report 9: 23 - 210. Larsen K. 2005. Deep-sea Tanaidacea (Peracarida) from the Gulf of Mexico. Crustaceana Monographs 5, Brill, Leiden, London.","Bacescu M. 1984. Leviapseudes drachi sp. n., Leviapseudes segonzaci gasconicus ssp. n. et la cle des especes connues de Leviapseudes. Travaux du Museum National d ' Histoire naturelle \" Grigore Antipa \" 26: 25 - 34."]}

A new species of Apseudidae is described from a submarine canyon in the Mediterranean Sea, Leviapseudes tethys sp. nov. The species was sampled at 600 m depth on deep muddy sand. The new species is characterized by the presence of processes on both sides of the rostrum, a pinnate seta on the inner distal margin of the maxillipedal endite, smooth distal spines of the labium palp, two spines on the cheliped basis, three ventral spines on pereopod 1 basis and an unarticulated pleopod exopod. This is the second species and the third record of the genus in the Mediterranean Sea, and raises the number of tanaid species known from the deep Mediterranean Sea to a total of 16. The diagnosis of the genus is amended in light of the new data and re-evaluation of previous works. The new species presents a set of characters that provide novel insights to understanding the diversity and taxonomy of the Leviapseudinae, as well as their geographic distribution. Finally, a list of all deep-sea Tanaidacea known in the Mediterranean Sea is provided.

Leviapseudes tethys sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6CC0E63B-44B8-41C5-8A3C-F499F0749EDF Figs 2–4 Etymology Tethys, noun in apposition; the species is named after the Tethys Sea that existed from the end of the Palaeozoic Era to the Mesozoic Era and from which the Mediterranean Sea is a present remnant; it also corresponds to the name of the research vessel used to sample the new species. Material examined Holotype FRANCE • ♂, BL = 8.39 mm, rostrum–telson, appendages damaged; Gulf of Lion, Lacaze-Duthiers Canyon; 42.53582° N, 3.43690° E; depth 600 m; 1 Jun. 2019; replica sample LDTH – site 2 – C1; van Veen grab; MNHN-IU-2016-3391. Paratype FRANCE • 1 ♂, broken, BL = 8.06 mm, rostrum–pleonite 2, appendages damaged; Gulf of Lion, Lacaze-Duthiers Canyon; 42.53673° N, 3,43833° E; depth 600 m; 1 Jun. 2019; replica sample LDTH – site 2 – C5; van Veen grab; MNHN-IU-2016-3390. Description BODY (Fig. 2A–B). 8.39 mm long; carapace 17% of total body length. Cephalothorax, including rostrum, longer than pereonites 1–2 combined. Ocular lobes well developed, spiniform, without pigmentation. Lateral spiniform apophyses slightly developed. Rostrum reaching half-length of first antennular article, triangular. Pereonites decreasing in width distally; pereonites 1–2 with posterolateral spiniform apophyses, pereonites 3–6 with anterolateral and posterolateral spiniform apophyses. Pereonite 1–3 wider than long, 4–6 longer than wide. All pereonites with ventral hyposphenia. Pleon 20% of total body length. Pleonites all wider than long, each of equal length, with posterolateral apophysis. Pleotelson shorter than last three pleonites combined. ANTENNULE (Fig. 2C). Subequal to carapace and pereonite 1–2 combined. Peduncle article 1 about twice as long as two succeeding articles combined, with some simple setae of various lengths on both margins; article 2 longer than article 3, with a few scattered simple setae; article 3 with four distal simple setae; article 4 naked. Outer flagellum longer than peduncle, consisting of 20 segments. Inner flagellum reaches 0.62 length of outer flagellum, consists of 10 segments. ANTENNA (Fig. 2D). Article 1 naked with ventral process, twice as wide as other articles, half as long as article 2. Article 2 with one inner and two distal short simple setae. Article 3 distinctly shorter than article 4. Article 5 longer than articles 3 and 4 combined, with three simple medial setae and three distal setae comprised of two simple and one pinnate seta distally; following articles (6–16) diminishing successively in length and width; each article with 1–4 simple setae. Squama longer than articles 3 and 4 combined, with 12 simple setae. LABRUM (Fig. 3K). With lateral margins covered by a few simple setae and minute setation distally. MANDIBLE (Fig. 3A–B, G). With very broad molar process with numerous minute distal setae. Palp article 1 less than half as long as article 3, with 10 simple setae; article 2 2.25 times as long as article 1, with 10 bipinnate setae decreasing in length distally (except first seta shorter than second) and 10 shorter simple setae; article 3 with a single, followed by 11 pairs of bipinnate setae increasing in length distally and two distal simple setae (longest). Left mandible incisor broad, with five blunt denticles. Lacinia mobilis slender, with blunt denticles and three small spines. Setal row consists of nine simple and multifurcated setae. LABIUM (Fig. 3F). Lobe setulated on distal part of outer margin and on middle of inner side. Palp with numerous simple setae on both margins, tipped by three spines. MAXILLULE (Fig. 3H–I). Outer endite tipped with 12 spines, two simple subdistal setae, setules on both margins. Inner endite with four setulated and one simple distal setae, setules on both margins. Palp with two articles; article 1 distinctly longer than article 2, naked; article 2 tipped by 12 distally finely serrated setae. MAXILLA (Fig. 3J). Outer lobe of movable endite with six long setulated setae and two long setulated feathered setae on outer margin. Inner lobe of movable endite with row of nine setulated setae. Outer lobe of fixed endite with three setulated, two simple, and three multifurcate spines. Inner lobe of fixed endite with row of eight setulated setae distally and row of numerous (>30) simple setae subdistally. MAXILLIPED (Fig. 3C–E). Endite with 13 distal setae, outer ones slender and long, inner ones larger and shorter; one subdistal inner pinnate seta and one outer long simple seta; inner margin with a row of 14 setulated setae and four coupling hooks. Palp article 1 with four inner simple distal setae and one outer seta. Article 2 inner margin with a row of numerous simple and pinnate setae of same size and five longer simple setae, outer margin with one distal simple seta. Article 3 with seven long simple and seven shorter pinnate setae, all increasing in length distally. Article 4 tipped with nine pinnate setae. Pinnate setae very difficult to distinguish from simple setae. EPIGNATH. Not recovered. CHELIPED (Fig. 4A). Basis shorter than carpus, with two ventral spines and a cluster of simple setae distoventrally; merus almost half as long as carpus, with many simple setae ventrally and no setae distodorsally; carpus with numerous long setae on ventral and dorsolateral margins; propodus with one short seta dorsally, near dactylus insertion of two long and three short dorsal setae, and two long and one short ventral setae. Fixed finger inner margin with a row of well calcified teeth and a row of short setae, outer margin with two long setae, distal part with many short setae. Dactylus narrow, longer than fixed finger, with three long simple setae. Exopod biarticulated, distal article with one median and three distal plumose setae. PEREOPOD 1 (Fig. 4B–C). Basis longer than merus, with minute proximal setae and three ventral spines; ischium with a minute ventral seta; merus about 1.5 times as long as carpus, with numerous simple setae, and one ventrodistal and one dorsodistal spine; carpus subequal in length to propodus, with two ventral and one dorsodistal spine, six ventral simple setae, a row of dorsolateral simple long setae and multiple simple lateral setae; propodus with a row of eight spines ventrally, a row of simple long setae and two spines dorsolaterally; dactylus 0.6 times as long as propodus, with 2–5 ventral and one dorsal short seta; unguis 0.3 times as long as dactylus. Exopod biarticulated, distal article with one medial and three distal plumose setae. PEREOPOD 2 (Fig. 4D). Basis long and slender, about 5.5 times as long as wide, marginally shorter than carpus and propodus combined, with two minute setae proximally and three simple distoventral setae. Ischium with two ventrodistal setae. Merus 0.5 times as long as carpus, with seven ventral, four dorsodistal and one distolateral simple setae. Carpus slightly smaller than propodus, with seven ventral setae and a medio-distal diagonal row of setae. Propodus with a medio-distal diagonal row of simple setae and many simple ventral setae. Dactylus longer than propodus, with one minute dorsal seta at midlength and one minute distal seta. Unguis smaller than dactylus. PEREOPOD 3 (Fig. 4E). Similar to pereopod 2 except less setose and basis about 4 times as long as width. PLEOPOD (Fig. 4F). Basal part divided into two articles, first article small and naked, second article longer with four outer and four inner plumose setae; endopod and exopod with many (>20) plumose setae, exopod longer than endopod and consisting of one article only. UROPODS. Lost. Ecological data Leviapseudes tethys sp. nov. was sampled at 600 m depth on deep muddy sand (D50 = 9.3 µm and 88% of silt, Published as part of Gouillieux, Benoit, Labrune, Céline & Esquete, Patricia, 2023, Leviapseudes tethys (Tanaidacea: Apseudidae), a new species from a submarine canyon of the French Mediterranean Sea, with remarks and a diagnosis for the genus, pp. 24-37 in European Journal of Taxonomy 879 on pages 27-32, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.879.2157, http://zenodo.org/record/8135459

Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3AFA3BE0-25D4-4FDC-B03F-57B7F75F27D1 Figs 2���5 Diagnosis Preparatory male Paranarthrura with antenna six-articled. Maxilliped endite with one seta. Cheliped carpus with one long midventral seta. Pereopods 4���6 basis with one penicillate seta. Presence of rudimentary pleopods fused to each pleonite. Uropod endopod bi-articulated; exopod shorter than endopod article 1. Neuter As preparatory male, but without pleopods (Fig. 2G). Etymology This species is named in honour to Jacques-Yves Cousteau (1910���1997), for his life-long intensive work in raising awareness to the sea life and great contributions to the knowledge of the marine environment. Material examined Holotype PORTUGAL ��� preparatory ♂ (tergal plate on pereonite 4 broken); West Iberian Margin, Nazar�� Canyon; 39��35.80��� N, 9��24.25��� W; depth 897 m; 11 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_43bc1; MNCN 20.04/12538. Paratype PORTUGAL ��� 1 preparatory ♂ (dissected); same collection data as for holotype; MNCN 20.04/12539. Other material PORTUGAL ��� 1 manca II; West Iberian Margin, Set��bal Canyon; 38��17.10��� N, 9��06.00��� W; depth 970 m; 17 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_61bc3; DBUA0002189.01 ��� 1 manca II; West Iberian Margin, Cascais Canyon; 38��27.89��� N, 9��28.51��� W; depth 935 m; 18 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_36bc1; DBUA0002189.02 ��� 1 neuter (broken specimen); West Iberian Margin, off Sines; 37��49.98 N, 9��28.49 W; depth 1001 m; 10 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_56bc3; DBUA0002189.03. Description Preparatory male (MNCN 20.04/12538) BODY (Fig. 2A���B). Well calcified, 6.2 times as long as wide (holotype length: 2.1 mm; width 0.33 mm). Cephalothorax without eyes or eye lobes, subrectangular posteriorly, narrower anteriorly, 0.20 of body length. Rostrum (Fig. 2A, C) absent. Pereon 0.62 of body length, pereonites decreasing in width posteriorly. Pereonites 1���6: 0.5, 0.6, 0.6, 0.9, 0.9 and 0.7 times as long as wide respectively, each with hyposphaenium (Fig. 2B); pereonites 2���6 subhexagonal. Coxal setae visible in dorsal view. Pleon 0.14 of body length, with five free pleonites. Pleonite 5 longest, 0.3 times as long as previous, with anterodorsal and lateral seta (Fig. 2B). Pleotelson semicircular, 0.04 of body length, carrying a pair of setae in posterior margin. Uropods not visible in dorsal view. ANTENNULE (Fig. 2C). Four-articled. About as long as cephalothorax, 5.2 times as long as wide. Article 1, 2.8 times as long as wide, with one subdistal seta and three short medial penicillate setae on outer margin. Article 2, 2.1 times as long as wide, with one short subdistal seta on inner margin, one long dorsodistal penicillate seta, and one long subdistal seta on outer margin. Article 3, 0.9 times as wide as long, with two distal setae on inner margin and one subdistal seta on outer margin. Article 4, 2.7 times as long as wide, with six long and one short distal setae. ANTENNA (Fig. 2D, ventral view). Six-articled, 7.5 times as long as wide. Article 1 fused with body, not visible on dorsal view. Article 2, 1.4 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal seta. Article 3, 1.1 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal seta. Article 4 longest, 3.9 times as long as wide, with three subdistal setae. Article 5 naked, 2.8 times as long as wide. Terminal article 0.3 times as long as previous, with five distal setae. MOUTHPARTS. Labrum (Fig. 3A���C) conical on ventral view, not compressed, longer than wide and distally setulose. Mandible right (Fig. 4A) and left similar and reduced, without molar process or lacinia mobilis; incisor denticulate. Labium not recovered. Maxillule (Fig. 4B���C) endite setulose distally, with eight distal setae, four shorter and four longer; palp with two distal setae. Maxilla not recovered. Maxilliped (Fig. 4D) basis fused, elongate, 1.6 times as long as wide, with one seta near the palp insertion. Endites not fused, with one inner distal short seta each. Palp article 1, 1.5 times as long as wide, naked. Article 2, 1.0 times as long as wide, with three inner setae, one of them longer. Article 3, 1.4 times as long as wide, 1.5 times as long as previous, with three inner setae. Article 4, 2.1 times as long as wide, distally setulose, with four simple and two pinnate setae. CHELIPED (FigS 4E, 5A���B). Attached via ventral pseudocoxa, naked, 1.4 times as long as wide. Basis 1.2 times as long as wide, seta not seen. Merus subtriangular, 0.9 times as long as wide, with midventral seta. Carpus 1.7 times as long as wide, with two midventral setae, short and long, and two short middorsal and posterodorsal setae. Propodus 2.0 times as long as wide, ventral protuberance with one ventral seta and inner row of three setae near ventral margin. Cutting edge of fixed finger coarse, not distinct claw, with three setae, near dactylus insertion. Dactylus and unguis not fused, together 3.3 times as long as wide. Dactylus with one simple dorsal seta. PEREOPOD 1 (Fig. 5C). Coxa with seta. Basis 4.1 times as long as wide, naked. Ischium wider than long, naked. Merus twice as long as wide, with ventrodistal spine, reaching about half-length of carpus. Carpus 2.6 times as long as wide, bearing three serrate spines: one dorsodistal and two ventrodistal. Propodus slightly curved, 4.7 times as long as wide, ventral margin proximally with four spinules, bearing three subdistal simple setae, two ventral, and one dorsal. Dactylus and unguis together 1.1 times as long as propodus, unguis 0.53 times as long as dactylus. PEREOPOD 2 (Fig. 5D). Coxa with anterior seta. Basis naked, 6.2 times as long as wide. Ischium wider than long, with ventral seta. Merus 1.7 times as long as wide, with long, ventrodistal simple spine, as long as carpus. Carpus 2.0 times as long as wide, bearing three serrate spines, one dorsodistal and two ventrodistal. Propodus slightly curved, 3.7 times as long as wide, with small dorsodistal spiniform apophysis, ventral margin with four spinules, bearing one subdistal simple spine. Dactylus and unguis combined 1.3 times as long as propodus, unguis 0.6 times as long as dactylus. PEREOPOD 3 (Fig. 5E). Similar to pereopod 2, except for: basis 3.9 times as long as wide. Merus 2.1 times as long as wide, with spine reaching just 80% length of carpus. Carpus 2.7 times as long as wide. Propodus 3.5 times as long as wide. Dactylus and unguis combined 1.5 times as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 4 (Fig. 5F). Coxa with anterior seta. Basis 3.2 times as long as wide, with one midventral penicillate seta. Ischium wider than long, with two ventral setae. Merus 1.7 times as long as wide, bearing two ventrodistal simple spines (both 50% length of carpus). Carpus 2.4 times as long as wide, bearing three subdistal serrate spines. Propodus 3.1 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal spiniform apophysis, two ventrodistal and one dorsodistal simple spines. Dactylus and unguis combined 1.7 times as long as propodus, unguis 0.5 times as long as dactylus. PEREOPOD 5 (Fig. 5G). Similar to pereopod 4, except for: basis 3.6 times as long as wide. Merus 1.84 times as long as wide. Carpus with an extra distal simple seta. Unguis broken PEREOPOD 6 (Fig. 5H). Similar to pereopod 4, except for: Basis 3.7 times as long as wide. Merus 1.6 times as long as wide, bearing two ventrodistal serrate spines. Carpus 2.8 times as long as wide. Propodus 3 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal spiniform apophysis, two distal serrate spines in dorsal margin and two distal serrate spines in ventral margin. Dactylus and unguis together 1.4 times as long as propodus. PLEOPODS (Fig. 2B, F). Rudimentary, uniramous, naked and fused to pleonites, with faint fusion line. UROPODS (Fig. 2B, E). Biramous. Exopod fused to protopod, with long and short distal setae, not reaching beyond mid-length of endopod article 1. Endopod bi-articulated, 2.7 times as long as wide. Article 1, 1.5 times as long as wide, with two distal setae on outer margin, one of them penicillate. Article 2, 1.0 times as long as wide, bearing one subdistal long setae on inner margin and four distal setae, one of them shorter. Manca II Antennule with aesthetasc, only two setae on pereopod 1 propodus; only one seta on pereopod 5 ischium; pleopods absent (Fig. 2G); uropod endopod article 1 naked, terminal article with four setae only. Remarks For most of the species of Paranarthrura the males were described with their original description, exceptions being Paranarthrura bacescui Kudinova-Pasternak, 1986, Paranarthrura coimbrai Larsen & Bird, 2013, Paranarthrura fortispina Sieg, 1986 and Paranarthrura meridionalis Sieg, 1986 (see Kudinova-Pasternak 1986; Sieg 1986b; Larsen et al. 2013). However, males of P. fortispina were later described (J��źwiak & Błażewicz-Paszkowycz 2011). The presence of pleopods is common and one of the main differences with females, together with the body length and relative size of the pleon. Because of the poor condition of the neuter specimens in our collection, we describe P. cousteaui sp. nov. from a preparatory male holotype. Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. is distinguished from the other species of the genus by the unique combination of the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites unfused; presence of one long midventral seta in cheliped carpus; presence of dorsal seta on cheliped dactylus; presence of one penicillate seta in the basis of pereopods 4���6; one seta in the maxilliped endite uropod endopod bi-articulated and uropod exopod shorter than endopod article 1. From the 19 species of the genus, only ten have a uropod endopod bi-articulated. These are: Paranarthrura angolensis Guerrero-Kommritz, Schmidt & Brandt, 2002; P. arctowskii J��źwiak & Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, 2011; P. bacescui Kudinova-Pasternak, 1986; P. bispinosa Larsen, 2005; P. coimbrai Larsen & Bird, 2013; P. crassa Bird & Holdich, 1989; P. fortispina Sieg, 1986; P. insignis Hansen, 1913; P. lusitanus Bird & Holdich, 1989 and P. tenuimanus Larsen, 2005. Of these, three species have been found in the North-East Atlantic (P. crassa, P. insignis and P. lusitanus). Bird & Holdich (1989) noted the relevance of the cephalothorax shape and chelipeds setae to distinguish among these three sympatric species. Like P. cousteaui sp. nov., P. crassa presents a maxilliped basis with endites not fused, cheliped carpus with long midventral seta and strong chela; it differs from the new species in having a stouter antennule with different chaetotaxy (group of four penicillate subdistal setae instead of just two), presence of strong lacinia mobilis in the left mandible, two setae in the endite of maxilliped, the post-cheliped sclerites clearly visible dorsally, and non-serrated spines in pereopods 4���6. Paranarthrura insignis shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites unfused ventrally; pereopod 1 chaetotaxy on carpus, propodus, dactylus and unguis and chaetotaxy on chela. It can be distinguished by the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites hardly visible dorsally; antennule article 1 considerably shorter than the three others combined; protuberance from ventral margin of chelipedal propodus with two setae and uropodal endopod article 1 shorter than article 2. Paranarthrura lusitanus shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the post-cheliped sclerites unfused ventrally. It can be distinguished in having a shorter body (1.4 vs 2.1 mm); shorter cheliped, less prominent from ventral view; post-cheliped sclerites hardly visible dorsally; presence of two subdistal penicillate setae in antennule article 1; presence of two penicillate setae in the basis of pereopod 6. Paranarthrura angolesis from the South East Atlantic shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites not fused, presence of serrate spines on pereopods and number and relative length of uropod endopod article; it can be distinguished from the new species by the endopod with ���setose setae��� (sensu Guerrero - Kommritz et al. 2002), a more slender chela (2.5 times as long as broad, instead of 2.1) and four setae on maxilliped articles 2 and 3 instead of three. Paranarthrura bispinosa from the Gulf of Mexico, shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the short uropod exopod not as long as endopod article 1 and penicillate setae on the basis of the pereopods 4���5 and the presence of distoventral spiniform apophysis in pereopods 2���3 propodus; it differs by the maxilliped endites fused to basis, presence of several penicillate setae on antennule (five in article 1 and two in article 2) and antenna (three in article 3 and one in article 4), cheliped chaetotaxy (absence of midventral seta in merus, subdistal setae in carpus and dorsal in propodus, and presence of one midventral seta in carpus and one dorsal seta in dactylus) and slender chela. Paranarthrura tenuimanus also from the Gulf of Mexico, has very short setae on maxilliped endite, no long seta on cheliped carpus and no dorsal spine on dactylus. Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. can be distinguished from species with a two-articled uropod endopod from other geographic locations as follows: P. arctowskii from the Antarctic has post-cheliped sclerites unfused medioventrally two setae on maxilliped endite, and a longer uropod exopod; and P. bacescui from the Indian Ocean show relatively longer uropod endopod segments. Distribution and ecology Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. was found in the three Portuguese canyons sampled and at the open slope off Sines (Southern distribution limit), between 897 and 1001 m depth, in silty clay and, in Set��bal Canyon, amongst arborescent foraminifera (see de Stigter et al. 2007 for more environmental information of sampling sites). Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. was found sympatric with other tanaidacean species: Atlantapseudes curvatus Esquete & Cunha, 2017 and Typhlamia sandersi (Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985) at the open slope off Sines; A. curvatus, P. intermedia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1982, Collettea sp. and Typhlotanais sp. at Set��bal Canyon; Anarthruridae (undetermined) and Pseudotanais falcicula Bird & Holdich, 1989 at Cascais Canyon and Collettea sp. at Nazar�� Canyon. Original descriptions of these species can be found in Kudinova-Pasternak (1982, 1985), Bird & Holdich (1989), and Esquete & Cunha (2017)., Published as part of Garc��a-Herrero, ��lvaro, Esquete, Patricia & Cunha, Marina R., 2021, Two new tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Portuguese submarine canyons (NE Atlantic, West Iberian Margin), pp. 55-76 in European Journal of Taxonomy 740 on pages 58-66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.740.1281, http://zenodo.org/record/4635623, {"references":["Kudinova-Pasternak R. K. 1986. Abyssal Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) from the south-western part of the Indian Ocean. The suborder Tanaidomorpha. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 65: 66 - 75.","Larsen K., Bird G. & Ota M. 2013. The ANDEEP Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) revisited I: the family Agathotanaidae Lang, with description of four new species. Zootaxa 3630 (3): 424 - 444. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3630.3.2","Sieg J. 1986 b. Tanaidacea (Crustacea) von der Antarktis und Subantarktis. II. Tanaidacea gesammelt von Dr. J. W. Wagele wahrend der Deutschen Antarktis Expedition 1983. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Universitat Kiel 2 (4): 1 - 80.","Jozwiak P. & Blazewicz-Paszkowycz M. 2011. New records of the family Agathotanaidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) in the Antarctic, with remarks on Arthrura monacantha (Vanhoffen, 1914). Zootaxa 2785: 32 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2785.1.2","Guerrero-Kommritz J., Schmidt A. & Brandt A. 2002. Paranarthrura Hansen, 1913 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from the Angola Basin, description of Paranarthrura angolensis n. sp. Zootaxa 116: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 116.1.1","Larsen K. 2005. Deep-Sea Tanaidacea (Peracarida) from the Gulf of Mexico. Brill, Leiden.","Bird G. J. & Holdich D. M. 1989. Deep-sea Tanaidacea (Crustacea) of the North-east Atlantic: the genus Paranarthrura Hansen. Journal of Natural History 23: 137 - 167. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938900770091","Hansen H. J. 1913. Crustacea, Malacostraca. II. IV. The Order Tanaidacea. The Danish Ingolf Expedition 3 (3): 1 - 145. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 25160547 [accessed 12 Mar. 2021].","de Stigter H. & shipboard scientific party. 2007. Report of the Cruise 64 PE 252 with RV Pelagia. Anthropogenic lead on the Portuguese Continental Margin. Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel.","Esquete P. & Cunha M. 2017. The Apseudomorpha (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) of the Gulf of Cadiz and Horseshoe Continental Rise (NE Atlantic): a taxonomic review with new records, species, and ecological data. Zootaxa 4276 (1): 61 - 95. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4276.1.3","Kudinova-Pasternak R. K. 1985. Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) collected on the summit and at foot of Great-Meteor Seamount. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Akademii Nauk SSSR 120: 52 - 64.","Kudinova-Pasternak R. K. 1982. Deep-sea Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) from Mediterranean Sea. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Transactions of the Institute of Oceanology 117: 151 - 162."]}

Genus Tirana Esquete, gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8DA0AF85-5BE1-43B5-8510-56C14B79333E Type species Tirana vallis gen. et sp. nov. Diagnosis Neuter Body elongate (8.9 times as long as broad). Pereonites subrectangular or subsquare, pereonites 1���3 slightly wider anteriorly, pereonite 6 slightly wider posteriorly. Pleonites without hyposphaenia. Antenna article 2 with dorsodistal spine, article 4 elongate (> 10 times as long as broad). Mandible molar with spiniform prolongations. Maxilliped endites with slender gustatory cusps. Cheliped carpus slender (1.8 times as long as wide). Chela slender (1.8 times as long as broad). Pereopods 4���6 carpus with one spine more than 0.5 times as long as propodus; propodus with ramified subdistal spines. Pleopods well developed, birramous, with long plumose setae. Uropods rami slender (> 5.0 times as long as broad), endopod article 1 about as long as article 2. Etymology Following the steps of Błażewicz et al. (2019) for the species of the genus Paranarthrurella, we name the new genus after a folk dance from Portugal named ���tirana���, object of great traditional and cultural value. Gender: feminine. Remarks The new genus presents a combination of the characters that define the other two species of the family, Paranarthrurella and Armatognathia: It shares with Paranarthrurella an elongate body, maxilliped endites with slender gustatory cusps, and an uropod endopod article 1 about as long as article 2, and with Armatognathia it shares the presence of a distal spine in antenna article 2, presence of welldeveloped pleopods, and a molar with spiniform processes. Furthermore, females of (the new genus) have well-developed pleopods, which are present in Armatognathia and absent in most species of Paranarthrurella. Despite being described as ���absent��� in the diagnosis of Paranarthrurella provided by Błażewicz et al. (2019), illustrations of neuter specimens of P. rocknroll Błażewicz & J��źwiak, 2019 and P. corroboree Błażewicz & J��źwiak, 2019 show what seem to be rudimentary pleopods. However, those are significantly different from the ones of Tirana gen. nov. Tirana gen. nov. also presents unique characters within the family: the antenna article 4 is more elongate (10 times as long as broad) than in the other species of the family (4���5 times as long as broad); the cheliped is more slender (1.8 times as long as broad) than in the other species ( 5.0 times as long as broad, while in the other species is, Published as part of Garc��a-Herrero, ��lvaro, Esquete, Patricia & Cunha, Marina R., 2021, Two new tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Portuguese submarine canyons (NE Atlantic, West Iberian Margin), pp. 55-76 in European Journal of Taxonomy 740 on pages 66-67, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.740.1281, http://zenodo.org/record/4635623, {"references":["Blazewicz M., Jozwiak P., Jennings R. M., Studzian M. & Frutos I. 2019. Integrative systematics and ecology of a new deep-sea family of tanaidacean crustaceans. Scientific Reports 9 (1): 18720. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 019 - 53446 - 1"]}

Tirana vallis gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 83F4E8E6-F501-43C1-89B7-5040180FE8C6 Figs 6���8 Etymology The species name, ��� vallis ��� (Latin for valley), refers to the type location of the species in the marine canyons, since there is no a literal translation of ���canyon��� in the Latin language. Material examined Holotype PORTUGAL ��� ♀; West Iberian Margin, Cascais Canyon; 38��17.97��� N, 9��46.89��� W, depth 3214 m; 27 Apr. 2006; stn CD179_21-2; MNCN 20.04/12540. Paratypes PORTUGAL ��� 1 manca, 1 juv., 1 ♀ (dissected); same collection data as for holotype; DBUA0002211.02. Description of holotype BODY (Fig. 6A���B). 8.9 times as long as wide (3.7 mm length, 0.5 mm width). Cephalothorax without eyes or eyelobes, elongate (1.3 times as long as wide) and subhexagonal, 0.15 of body length, narrower than pereon. Rostrum rounded. Pereon 0.63 of body length, pereonites 2���5 subhexagonal. Pereonites 1���6: 0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 0.9, 1.2 and 0.8 times as long as wide respectively. Coxal setae visible in dorsal view. Pleonites altogether shorter than last two pereonites together, 0.14 of body length. Pleonite 5 slightly longer than rest of them. All pleonites with a mediodorsal seta. Pleotelson 0.09 of body length, widest in its medial part, with posterior protuberance carrying four setae on distal margin. ANTENNULE (Fig. 6C). Five-articled. Article 1 longest and widest, 3.4 times as long as wide, with three outer penicillate setae in medial and distal position, respectively, three penicillate setae on subdistal outer margin, and one seta on subdistal inner margin. Article 2, 1.7 times as along as wide, with one seta on inner margin and three setae on outer margin (two of them penicillate), all subdistal. Article 3, as long as wide, with one long distal seta on outer margin and two on inner margin. Article 4, 4.4 times as long as wide, with one distal seta on inner margin. Article 5 minute, with five terminal setae and one aesthetasc (not figured). ANTENNA (Fig. 6D, ventral view). Six-articled. Article 1 short and naked. Article 2, 2.1 times as long as wide, with one outer seta in medial margin and a dorsodistal spine. Article 3, 1.5 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal spine. Article 4 longest, 9.9 times as long as wide, with four subterminal setae, two penicillate. Article 5, 5.0 times as long as wide, with one long terminal seta. Article 6 minute, carrying five terminal setae, two of them longer. MOUTHPARTS (described from paratype DBUA0002211.02). Labrum (Fig. 7A, ventral view) rounded, posteriorly setulated. Left mandible (Fig. 7B���C) incisor process naked, slightly concave; lacinia mobilis long and wide; molar process with rounded tip, wide on its basis, with several distal spiniform processes. Right mandible (not figured) as left but without lacinia mobilis. Labium composed of two lobes, quadrangular, naked (not figured). Maxillule (Fig. 7D) endite with row of spines on outer margin, distally with microtrichia, seven rounded-tip spines. Maxilla ovoid, naked (not figured). Maxilliped (Fig. 7E) basis narrower posteriorly, partially fused, with seta near palp insertion. Endites not fused, bearing one pair of slender gustatory cusps, and one pair of simple setae posteriorly to them. Palp 4-articled. Article 1 naked. Article 2 subtriangular with three inner setae. Article 3 longest, with three inner pinnate setae and one simple seta. Terminal article long with five terminal and one subterminal pinnate setae. CHELIPED (Fig. 6G���H). Attached ventrally via large sclerite. Basis naked, 1.4 times as long as wide, posteriorly rounded. Merus naked, 1.3 times as long as wide with one medioventral seta. Carpus 1.8 times as long as wide, with two medioventral seta. Propodus robust, 1.8 times as long as wide, with inner row of seven setae. Ventral margin of fixed finger with two pinnate setae near dactylus insertion and cutting edge crenulated with three setae. Dactylus robust, 2.1 times as long as wide, not fused with unguis. Dactylus and unguis together not reaching end of propodus and claw. PEREOPOD 1 (Fig. 8A ���A���). Coxa with seta. Basis 4.5 times as long as wide, with two mediodorsal setae. Ischium wider than long, with ventral seta. Merus 2.4 times as long as wide, with subdistal ventral seta and distoventral pinnate spine. Carpus 4.3 times as long as wide, with two ventrodistal pinnate spines and one distodorsal pinnate spine. Propodus 5.5 times as long as wide, ventral margin serrates with two dorsodistal spines, one of the setulose and the other simple, and one ventrodistal simple spine. Dactylus as long as unguis, naked, together as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 2 (Fig. 8B ���B���). Coxa with seta. Basis 4.5 times as long as wide, with three mediodorsal setae. Ischium wider than long, with ventral seta. Merus 2.5 times as long as wide, with long ventrodistal seta and pinnate spine. Carpus 3.5 times as long as wide, bearing one dorsodistal long pinnate spine and one short simple spine, and one ventrodistal long pinnate spine and one short simple spine. Propodus 6.1 times as long as wide, ventral margin serrated, with one one subdistal long seta, one subdistal short seta and one subdistal pinnate spine in dorsal margin and one pinnate spine in ventral margin. Dactylus and unguis naked, together about as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 3 (Fig. 8C). Similar to pereopod 2, except for: seta from coxa not illustrated. Basis 4.1 times as long as wide, with one mediodorsal seta. Merus 2.8 times as long as wide. Carpus 3.6 times as long as wide. Propodus 5.6 times as long as wide. PEREOPOD 4 (Fig. 8D). Coxa with seta. Basis 3 times as long as wide, with mediodorsal penicillate seta. Ischium wider than long, with two ventral setae. Merus 2.7 times as long as wide, with two ventrodistal pinnate spines. Carpus 2.3 times as long as wide, one dorsodistal, two in mediodistal and one ventrodistal pinnate spines. Propodus 6.2 times as long as wide, ventral margin serrated, with two dorsodistal and one ventrodistal pinnate spines. Dactylus and unguis naked, together 0.8 times as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 5 (Fig. 8E ���E���). As pereopod 4, except for: basis 5.0 times as long as wide. Merus 3.8 times as long as wide. Carpus 2.8 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal seta, and simple spine, and one dorsodistal and two ventrodistal pinnate spines. Propodus 6.0 times as long as wide with a mediodorsal penicillate seta, (not figured in Fig. 8 E���) one dorsodistal simple spine and two ramified ventral-subdistal spines. Dactylus and unguis naked, together 0.7 times as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 6 (Fig. 8F ���F���). As pereopod 4, except for: basis 4.7 times as long as wide. Merus 2.3 times as long as wide. Carpus 2.9 times as long as wide Propodus 6.0 times as long as wide with a mediodorsal penicillate seta (not figured in Fig. 8 E���) three dorsodistal distal simple and two and two ramified ventralsubdistal spines. Dactylus and unguis naked, together 0.7 times as long as propodus. PLEOPODS (Fig. 6F). Present in all pleonites, all with same chaetotaxy. Protopod naked. Endopod long and narrow, 5.1 times as long as broad, with eight terminal long plumose setae and one subdistal seta on inner margin. Exopod long and narrow, 6.1 times as long as broad bearing seven long plumose setae. UROPODS (Fig. 6E). Biramous. Protopod naked, 1.5 times as long as broad. Endopod 2-articled, 2.3 times as long as protopod. Article 1 with two subdistal setae, one penicillate. Article 2, 1.2 times as long as article 1, with five setae, two of them broken in holotype. Exopod 1.7 times as long as protopod. Article 1 with distal seta. Article 2, 1.8 times as long as article 1, with two distal setae, one of them broken in holotype. Distribution and ecology Tirana vallis gen. et sp. nov. was found in the middle reaches of Cascais Canyon (North-east Atlantic, West Iberian Margin), between 3214 and 3219 m depth (see Billet et al. 2006 and Cunha et al. 2011 for more information). It was found sympatric with other tanaidacean species: Agathotanais ingolfi Hansen, 1913, Paragathotanais sp., Paranarthrura intermedia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1982, Anarthrura sp., Araphuroides cf. parabreviremis Sieg, 1986, Cristatotanais contoura Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, Bamber & Cunha, 2011, and Typhlotanais cf. spinicauda Hansen, 1913., Published as part of Garc��a-Herrero, ��lvaro, Esquete, Patricia & Cunha, Marina R., 2021, Two new tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Portuguese submarine canyons (NE Atlantic, West Iberian Margin), pp. 55-76 in European Journal of Taxonomy 740 on pages 67-72, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.740.1281, http://zenodo.org/record/4635623, {"references":["Billet D. S. M., Masson D. G, Amaro T., Arzola R. G., Boorman B., Da Silva A. A., Dinley J., Dolan E., Huvenne V., Ingels J., Mendes Alves D., Murty S., Pattenden A. & Rothe N. 2006. RRS Charles Darwin Cruise 179, 14 Apr - 17 May 2006. Hotspot ecosystem research in the Setubal, Lisbon, Cascais and Nazare canyons on the Portuguese continental margin. National Oceanography Centre Southampton Cruise Report 13, Southampton. Available from https: // eprints. soton. ac. uk / 43104 / [accessed 12 Mar. 2021].","Cunha M. R., Paterson G. L. J., Amaro T., Blackbird S., de Stigter H. C., Ferreira C., Glover A., Hilario A., Kiriakoulakis K., Neal L., Ravara A., Rodrigues C. F., Tiago A. & Billet D. S. M. 2011. Biodiversity of macrofaunal assemblages from three Portuguese submarine canyons (NE Atlantic). Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 58: 2433 - 2447. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2011.04.007","Hansen H. J. 1913. Crustacea, Malacostraca. II. IV. The Order Tanaidacea. The Danish Ingolf Expedition 3 (3): 1 - 145. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 25160547 [accessed 12 Mar. 2021].","Kudinova-Pasternak R. K. 1982. Deep-sea Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) from Mediterranean Sea. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Transactions of the Institute of Oceanology 117: 151 - 162."]}

Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3AFA3BE0-25D4-4FDC-B03F-57B7F75F27D1 Figs 2–5 Diagnosis Preparatory male Paranarthrura with antenna six-articled. Maxilliped endite with one seta. Cheliped carpus with one long midventral seta. Pereopods 4–6 basis with one penicillate seta. Presence of rudimentary pleopods fused to each pleonite. Uropod endopod bi-articulated; exopod shorter than endopod article 1. Neuter As preparatory male, but without pleopods (Fig. 2G). Etymology This species is named in honour to Jacques-Yves Cousteau (1910–1997), for his life-long intensive work in raising awareness to the sea life and great contributions to the knowledge of the marine environment. Material examined Holotype PORTUGAL • preparatory ♂ (tergal plate on pereonite 4 broken); West Iberian Margin, Nazaré Canyon; 39°35.80′ N, 9°24.25′ W; depth 897 m; 11 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_43bc1; MNCN 20.04/12538. Paratype PORTUGAL • 1 preparatory ♂ (dissected); same collection data as for holotype; MNCN 20.04/12539. Other material PORTUGAL • 1 manca II; West Iberian Margin, Setúbal Canyon; 38°17.10′ N, 9°06.00′ W; depth 970 m; 17 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_61bc3; DBUA0002189.01 • 1 manca II; West Iberian Margin, Cascais Canyon; 38°27.89′ N, 9°28.51′ W; depth 935 m; 18 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_36bc1; DBUA0002189.02 • 1 neuter (broken specimen); West Iberian Margin, off Sines; 37°49.98 N, 9°28.49 W; depth 1001 m; 10 Sep. 2006; stn 64PE252_56bc3; DBUA0002189.03. Description Preparatory male (MNCN 20.04/12538) BODY (Fig. 2A–B). Well calcified, 6.2 times as long as wide (holotype length: 2.1 mm; width 0.33 mm). Cephalothorax without eyes or eye lobes, subrectangular posteriorly, narrower anteriorly, 0.20 of body length. Rostrum (Fig. 2A, C) absent. Pereon 0.62 of body length, pereonites decreasing in width posteriorly. Pereonites 1–6: 0.5, 0.6, 0.6, 0.9, 0.9 and 0.7 times as long as wide respectively, each with hyposphaenium (Fig. 2B); pereonites 2–6 subhexagonal. Coxal setae visible in dorsal view. Pleon 0.14 of body length, with five free pleonites. Pleonite 5 longest, 0.3 times as long as previous, with anterodorsal and lateral seta (Fig. 2B). Pleotelson semicircular, 0.04 of body length, carrying a pair of setae in posterior margin. Uropods not visible in dorsal view. ANTENNULE (Fig. 2C). Four-articled. About as long as cephalothorax, 5.2 times as long as wide. Article 1, 2.8 times as long as wide, with one subdistal seta and three short medial penicillate setae on outer margin. Article 2, 2.1 times as long as wide, with one short subdistal seta on inner margin, one long dorsodistal penicillate seta, and one long subdistal seta on outer margin. Article 3, 0.9 times as wide as long, with two distal setae on inner margin and one subdistal seta on outer margin. Article 4, 2.7 times as long as wide, with six long and one short distal setae. ANTENNA (Fig. 2D, ventral view). Six-articled, 7.5 times as long as wide. Article 1 fused with body, not visible on dorsal view. Article 2, 1.4 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal seta. Article 3, 1.1 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal seta. Article 4 longest, 3.9 times as long as wide, with three subdistal setae. Article 5 naked, 2.8 times as long as wide. Terminal article 0.3 times as long as previous, with five distal setae. MOUTHPARTS. Labrum (Fig. 3A–C) conical on ventral view, not compressed, longer than wide and distally setulose. Mandible right (Fig. 4A) and left similar and reduced, without molar process or lacinia mobilis; incisor denticulate. Labium not recovered. Maxillule (Fig. 4B–C) endite setulose distally, with eight distal setae, four shorter and four longer; palp with two distal setae. Maxilla not recovered. Maxilliped (Fig. 4D) basis fused, elongate, 1.6 times as long as wide, with one seta near the palp insertion. Endites not fused, with one inner distal short seta each. Palp article 1, 1.5 times as long as wide, naked. Article 2, 1.0 times as long as wide, with three inner setae, one of them longer. Article 3, 1.4 times as long as wide, 1.5 times as long as previous, with three inner setae. Article 4, 2.1 times as long as wide, distally setulose, with four simple and two pinnate setae. CHELIPED (FigS 4E, 5A–B). Attached via ventral pseudocoxa, naked, 1.4 times as long as wide. Basis 1.2 times as long as wide, seta not seen. Merus subtriangular, 0.9 times as long as wide, with midventral seta. Carpus 1.7 times as long as wide, with two midventral setae, short and long, and two short middorsal and posterodorsal setae. Propodus 2.0 times as long as wide, ventral protuberance with one ventral seta and inner row of three setae near ventral margin. Cutting edge of fixed finger coarse, not distinct claw, with three setae, near dactylus insertion. Dactylus and unguis not fused, together 3.3 times as long as wide. Dactylus with one simple dorsal seta. PEREOPOD 1 (Fig. 5C). Coxa with seta. Basis 4.1 times as long as wide, naked. Ischium wider than long, naked. Merus twice as long as wide, with ventrodistal spine, reaching about half-length of carpus. Carpus 2.6 times as long as wide, bearing three serrate spines: one dorsodistal and two ventrodistal. Propodus slightly curved, 4.7 times as long as wide, ventral margin proximally with four spinules, bearing three subdistal simple setae, two ventral, and one dorsal. Dactylus and unguis together 1.1 times as long as propodus, unguis 0.53 times as long as dactylus. PEREOPOD 2 (Fig. 5D). Coxa with anterior seta. Basis naked, 6.2 times as long as wide. Ischium wider than long, with ventral seta. Merus 1.7 times as long as wide, with long, ventrodistal simple spine, as long as carpus. Carpus 2.0 times as long as wide, bearing three serrate spines, one dorsodistal and two ventrodistal. Propodus slightly curved, 3.7 times as long as wide, with small dorsodistal spiniform apophysis, ventral margin with four spinules, bearing one subdistal simple spine. Dactylus and unguis combined 1.3 times as long as propodus, unguis 0.6 times as long as dactylus. PEREOPOD 3 (Fig. 5E). Similar to pereopod 2, except for: basis 3.9 times as long as wide. Merus 2.1 times as long as wide, with spine reaching just 80% length of carpus. Carpus 2.7 times as long as wide. Propodus 3.5 times as long as wide. Dactylus and unguis combined 1.5 times as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 4 (Fig. 5F). Coxa with anterior seta. Basis 3.2 times as long as wide, with one midventral penicillate seta. Ischium wider than long, with two ventral setae. Merus 1.7 times as long as wide, bearing two ventrodistal simple spines (both 50% length of carpus). Carpus 2.4 times as long as wide, bearing three subdistal serrate spines. Propodus 3.1 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal spiniform apophysis, two ventrodistal and one dorsodistal simple spines. Dactylus and unguis combined 1.7 times as long as propodus, unguis 0.5 times as long as dactylus. PEREOPOD 5 (Fig. 5G). Similar to pereopod 4, except for: basis 3.6 times as long as wide. Merus 1.84 times as long as wide. Carpus with an extra distal simple seta. Unguis broken PEREOPOD 6 (Fig. 5H). Similar to pereopod 4, except for: Basis 3.7 times as long as wide. Merus 1.6 times as long as wide, bearing two ventrodistal serrate spines. Carpus 2.8 times as long as wide. Propodus 3 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal spiniform apophysis, two distal serrate spines in dorsal margin and two distal serrate spines in ventral margin. Dactylus and unguis together 1.4 times as long as propodus. PLEOPODS (Fig. 2B, F). Rudimentary, uniramous, naked and fused to pleonites, with faint fusion line. UROPODS (Fig. 2B, E). Biramous. Exopod fused to protopod, with long and short distal setae, not reaching beyond mid-length of endopod article 1. Endopod bi-articulated, 2.7 times as long as wide. Article 1, 1.5 times as long as wide, with two distal setae on outer margin, one of them penicillate. Article 2, 1.0 times as long as wide, bearing one subdistal long setae on inner margin and four distal setae, one of them shorter. Manca II Antennule with aesthetasc, only two setae on pereopod 1 propodus; only one seta on pereopod 5 ischium; pleopods absent (Fig. 2G); uropod endopod article 1 naked, terminal article with four setae only. Remarks For most of the species of Paranarthrura the males were described with their original description, exceptions being Paranarthrura bacescui Kudinova-Pasternak, 1986, Paranarthrura coimbrai Larsen & Bird, 2013, Paranarthrura fortispina Sieg, 1986 and Paranarthrura meridionalis Sieg, 1986 (see Kudinova-Pasternak 1986; Sieg 1986b; Larsen et al. 2013). However, males of P. fortispina were later described (Jóźwiak & Błażewicz-Paszkowycz 2011). The presence of pleopods is common and one of the main differences with females, together with the body length and relative size of the pleon. Because of the poor condition of the neuter specimens in our collection, we describe P. cousteaui sp. nov. from a preparatory male holotype. Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. is distinguished from the other species of the genus by the unique combination of the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites unfused; presence of one long midventral seta in cheliped carpus; presence of dorsal seta on cheliped dactylus; presence of one penicillate seta in the basis of pereopods 4–6; one seta in the maxilliped endite uropod endopod bi-articulated and uropod exopod shorter than endopod article 1. From the 19 species of the genus, only ten have a uropod endopod bi-articulated. These are: Paranarthrura angolensis Guerrero-Kommritz, Schmidt & Brandt, 2002; P. arctowskii Jóźwiak & Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, 2011; P. bacescui Kudinova-Pasternak, 1986; P. bispinosa Larsen, 2005; P. coimbrai Larsen & Bird, 2013; P. crassa Bird & Holdich, 1989; P. fortispina Sieg, 1986; P. insignis Hansen, 1913; P. lusitanus Bird & Holdich, 1989 and P. tenuimanus Larsen, 2005. Of these, three species have been found in the North-East Atlantic (P. crassa, P. insignis and P. lusitanus). Bird & Holdich (1989) noted the relevance of the cephalothorax shape and chelipeds setae to distinguish among these three sympatric species. Like P. cousteaui sp. nov., P. crassa presents a maxilliped basis with endites not fused, cheliped carpus with long midventral seta and strong chela; it differs from the new species in having a stouter antennule with different chaetotaxy (group of four penicillate subdistal setae instead of just two), presence of strong lacinia mobilis in the left mandible, two setae in the endite of maxilliped, the post-cheliped sclerites clearly visible dorsally, and non-serrated spines in pereopods 4–6. Paranarthrura insignis shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites unfused ventrally; pereopod 1 chaetotaxy on carpus, propodus, dactylus and unguis and chaetotaxy on chela. It can be distinguished by the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites hardly visible dorsally; antennule article 1 considerably shorter than the three others combined; protuberance from ventral margin of chelipedal propodus with two setae and uropodal endopod article 1 shorter than article 2. Paranarthrura lusitanus shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the post-cheliped sclerites unfused ventrally. It can be distinguished in having a shorter body (1.4 vs 2.1 mm); shorter cheliped, less prominent from ventral view; post-cheliped sclerites hardly visible dorsally; presence of two subdistal penicillate setae in antennule article 1; presence of two penicillate setae in the basis of pereopod 6. Paranarthrura angolesis from the South East Atlantic shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the following characters: post-cheliped sclerites not fused, presence of serrate spines on pereopods and number and relative length of uropod endopod article; it can be distinguished from the new species by the endopod with “setose setae” (sensu Guerrero - Kommritz et al. 2002), a more slender chela (2.5 times as long as broad, instead of 2.1) and four setae on maxilliped articles 2 and 3 instead of three. Paranarthrura bispinosa from the Gulf of Mexico, shares with P. cousteaui sp. nov. the short uropod exopod not as long as endopod article 1 and penicillate setae on the basis of the pereopods 4–5 and the presence of distoventral spiniform apophysis in pereopods 2–3 propodus; it differs by the maxilliped endites fused to basis, presence of several penicillate setae on antennule (five in article 1 and two in article 2) and antenna (three in article 3 and one in article 4), cheliped chaetotaxy (absence of midventral seta in merus, subdistal setae in carpus and dorsal in propodus, and presence of one midventral seta in carpus and one dorsal seta in dactylus) and slender chela. Paranarthrura tenuimanus also from the Gulf of Mexico, has very short setae on maxilliped endite, no long seta on cheliped carpus and no dorsal spine on dactylus. Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. can be distinguished from species with a two-articled uropod endopod from other geographic locations as follows: P. arctowskii from the Antarctic has post-cheliped sclerites unfused medioventrally two setae on maxilliped endite, and a longer uropod exopod; and P. bacescui from the Indian Ocean show relatively longer uropod endopod segments. Distribution and ecology Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. was found in the three Portuguese canyons sampled and at the open slope off Sines (Southern distribution limit), between 897 and 1001 m depth, in silty clay and, in Setúbal Canyon, amongst arborescent foraminifera (see de Stigter et al. 2007 for more environmental information of sampling sites). Paranarthrura cousteaui sp. nov. was found sympatric with other tanaidacean species: Atlantapseudes curvatus Esquete & Cunha, 2017 and Typhlamia sandersi (Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985) at the open slope off Sines; A. curvatus, P. intermedia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1982, Collettea sp. and Typhlotanais sp. at Setúbal Canyon; Anarthruridae (undetermined) and Pseudotanais falcicula Bird & Holdich, 1989 at Cascais Canyon and Collettea sp. at Nazaré Canyon. Original descriptions of these species can be found in Kudinova-Pasternak (1982, 1985), Bird & Holdich (1989), and Esquete & Cunha (2017).

Genus Tirana Esquete, gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8DA0AF85-5BE1-43B5-8510-56C14B79333E Type species Tirana vallis gen. et sp. nov. Diagnosis Neuter Body elongate (8.9 times as long as broad). Pereonites subrectangular or subsquare, pereonites 1–3 slightly wider anteriorly, pereonite 6 slightly wider posteriorly. Pleonites without hyposphaenia. Antenna article 2 with dorsodistal spine, article 4 elongate (> 10 times as long as broad). Mandible molar with spiniform prolongations. Maxilliped endites with slender gustatory cusps. Cheliped carpus slender (1.8 times as long as wide). Chela slender (1.8 times as long as broad). Pereopods 4–6 carpus with one spine more than 0.5 times as long as propodus; propodus with ramified subdistal spines. Pleopods well developed, birramous, with long plumose setae. Uropods rami slender (> 5.0 times as long as broad), endopod article 1 about as long as article 2. Etymology Following the steps of Błażewicz et al. (2019) for the species of the genus Paranarthrurella, we name the new genus after a folk dance from Portugal named ‘tirana’, object of great traditional and cultural value. Gender: feminine. Remarks The new genus presents a combination of the characters that define the other two species of the family, Paranarthrurella and Armatognathia: It shares with Paranarthrurella an elongate body, maxilliped endites with slender gustatory cusps, and an uropod endopod article 1 about as long as article 2, and with Armatognathia it shares the presence of a distal spine in antenna article 2, presence of welldeveloped pleopods, and a molar with spiniform processes. Furthermore, females of (the new genus) have well-developed pleopods, which are present in Armatognathia and absent in most species of Paranarthrurella. Despite being described as “absent” in the diagnosis of Paranarthrurella provided by Błażewicz et al. (2019), illustrations of neuter specimens of P. rocknroll Błażewicz & Jóźwiak, 2019 and P. corroboree Błażewicz & Jóźwiak, 2019 show what seem to be rudimentary pleopods. However, those are significantly different from the ones of Tirana gen. nov. Tirana gen. nov. also presents unique characters within the family: the antenna article 4 is more elongate (10 times as long as broad) than in the other species of the family (4–5 times as long as broad); the cheliped is more slender (1.8 times as long as broad) than in the other species ( 5.0 times as long as broad, while in the other species is

Tirana vallis gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 83F4E8E6-F501-43C1-89B7-5040180FE8C6 Figs 6–8 Etymology The species name, ‘ vallis ’ (Latin for valley), refers to the type location of the species in the marine canyons, since there is no a literal translation of ‘canyon’ in the Latin language. Material examined Holotype PORTUGAL • ♀; West Iberian Margin, Cascais Canyon; 38°17.97′ N, 9°46.89′ W, depth 3214 m; 27 Apr. 2006; stn CD179_21-2; MNCN 20.04/12540. Paratypes PORTUGAL • 1 manca, 1 juv., 1 ♀ (dissected); same collection data as for holotype; DBUA0002211.02. Description of holotype BODY (Fig. 6A–B). 8.9 times as long as wide (3.7 mm length, 0.5 mm width). Cephalothorax without eyes or eyelobes, elongate (1.3 times as long as wide) and subhexagonal, 0.15 of body length, narrower than pereon. Rostrum rounded. Pereon 0.63 of body length, pereonites 2–5 subhexagonal. Pereonites 1–6: 0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 0.9, 1.2 and 0.8 times as long as wide respectively. Coxal setae visible in dorsal view. Pleonites altogether shorter than last two pereonites together, 0.14 of body length. Pleonite 5 slightly longer than rest of them. All pleonites with a mediodorsal seta. Pleotelson 0.09 of body length, widest in its medial part, with posterior protuberance carrying four setae on distal margin. ANTENNULE (Fig. 6C). Five-articled. Article 1 longest and widest, 3.4 times as long as wide, with three outer penicillate setae in medial and distal position, respectively, three penicillate setae on subdistal outer margin, and one seta on subdistal inner margin. Article 2, 1.7 times as along as wide, with one seta on inner margin and three setae on outer margin (two of them penicillate), all subdistal. Article 3, as long as wide, with one long distal seta on outer margin and two on inner margin. Article 4, 4.4 times as long as wide, with one distal seta on inner margin. Article 5 minute, with five terminal setae and one aesthetasc (not figured). ANTENNA (Fig. 6D, ventral view). Six-articled. Article 1 short and naked. Article 2, 2.1 times as long as wide, with one outer seta in medial margin and a dorsodistal spine. Article 3, 1.5 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal spine. Article 4 longest, 9.9 times as long as wide, with four subterminal setae, two penicillate. Article 5, 5.0 times as long as wide, with one long terminal seta. Article 6 minute, carrying five terminal setae, two of them longer. MOUTHPARTS (described from paratype DBUA0002211.02). Labrum (Fig. 7A, ventral view) rounded, posteriorly setulated. Left mandible (Fig. 7B–C) incisor process naked, slightly concave; lacinia mobilis long and wide; molar process with rounded tip, wide on its basis, with several distal spiniform processes. Right mandible (not figured) as left but without lacinia mobilis. Labium composed of two lobes, quadrangular, naked (not figured). Maxillule (Fig. 7D) endite with row of spines on outer margin, distally with microtrichia, seven rounded-tip spines. Maxilla ovoid, naked (not figured). Maxilliped (Fig. 7E) basis narrower posteriorly, partially fused, with seta near palp insertion. Endites not fused, bearing one pair of slender gustatory cusps, and one pair of simple setae posteriorly to them. Palp 4-articled. Article 1 naked. Article 2 subtriangular with three inner setae. Article 3 longest, with three inner pinnate setae and one simple seta. Terminal article long with five terminal and one subterminal pinnate setae. CHELIPED (Fig. 6G–H). Attached ventrally via large sclerite. Basis naked, 1.4 times as long as wide, posteriorly rounded. Merus naked, 1.3 times as long as wide with one medioventral seta. Carpus 1.8 times as long as wide, with two medioventral seta. Propodus robust, 1.8 times as long as wide, with inner row of seven setae. Ventral margin of fixed finger with two pinnate setae near dactylus insertion and cutting edge crenulated with three setae. Dactylus robust, 2.1 times as long as wide, not fused with unguis. Dactylus and unguis together not reaching end of propodus and claw. PEREOPOD 1 (Fig. 8A –A’). Coxa with seta. Basis 4.5 times as long as wide, with two mediodorsal setae. Ischium wider than long, with ventral seta. Merus 2.4 times as long as wide, with subdistal ventral seta and distoventral pinnate spine. Carpus 4.3 times as long as wide, with two ventrodistal pinnate spines and one distodorsal pinnate spine. Propodus 5.5 times as long as wide, ventral margin serrates with two dorsodistal spines, one of the setulose and the other simple, and one ventrodistal simple spine. Dactylus as long as unguis, naked, together as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 2 (Fig. 8B –B’). Coxa with seta. Basis 4.5 times as long as wide, with three mediodorsal setae. Ischium wider than long, with ventral seta. Merus 2.5 times as long as wide, with long ventrodistal seta and pinnate spine. Carpus 3.5 times as long as wide, bearing one dorsodistal long pinnate spine and one short simple spine, and one ventrodistal long pinnate spine and one short simple spine. Propodus 6.1 times as long as wide, ventral margin serrated, with one one subdistal long seta, one subdistal short seta and one subdistal pinnate spine in dorsal margin and one pinnate spine in ventral margin. Dactylus and unguis naked, together about as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 3 (Fig. 8C). Similar to pereopod 2, except for: seta from coxa not illustrated. Basis 4.1 times as long as wide, with one mediodorsal seta. Merus 2.8 times as long as wide. Carpus 3.6 times as long as wide. Propodus 5.6 times as long as wide. PEREOPOD 4 (Fig. 8D). Coxa with seta. Basis 3 times as long as wide, with mediodorsal penicillate seta. Ischium wider than long, with two ventral setae. Merus 2.7 times as long as wide, with two ventrodistal pinnate spines. Carpus 2.3 times as long as wide, one dorsodistal, two in mediodistal and one ventrodistal pinnate spines. Propodus 6.2 times as long as wide, ventral margin serrated, with two dorsodistal and one ventrodistal pinnate spines. Dactylus and unguis naked, together 0.8 times as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 5 (Fig. 8E –E’). As pereopod 4, except for: basis 5.0 times as long as wide. Merus 3.8 times as long as wide. Carpus 2.8 times as long as wide, with dorsodistal seta, and simple spine, and one dorsodistal and two ventrodistal pinnate spines. Propodus 6.0 times as long as wide with a mediodorsal penicillate seta, (not figured in Fig. 8 E’) one dorsodistal simple spine and two ramified ventral-subdistal spines. Dactylus and unguis naked, together 0.7 times as long as propodus. PEREOPOD 6 (Fig. 8F –F’). As pereopod 4, except for: basis 4.7 times as long as wide. Merus 2.3 times as long as wide. Carpus 2.9 times as long as wide Propodus 6.0 times as long as wide with a mediodorsal penicillate seta (not figured in Fig. 8 E’) three dorsodistal distal simple and two and two ramified ventralsubdistal spines. Dactylus and unguis naked, together 0.7 times as long as propodus. PLEOPODS (Fig. 6F). Present in all pleonites, all with same chaetotaxy. Protopod naked. Endopod long and narrow, 5.1 times as long as broad, with eight terminal long plumose setae and one subdistal seta on inner margin. Exopod long and narrow, 6.1 times as long as broad bearing seven long plumose setae. UROPODS (Fig. 6E). Biramous. Protopod naked, 1.5 times as long as broad. Endopod 2-articled, 2.3 times as long as protopod. Article 1 with two subdistal setae, one penicillate. Article 2, 1.2 times as long as article 1, with five setae, two of them broken in holotype. Exopod 1.7 times as long as protopod. Article 1 with distal seta. Article 2, 1.8 times as long as article 1, with two distal setae, one of them broken in holotype. Distribution and ecology Tirana vallis gen. et sp. nov. was found in the middle reaches of Cascais Canyon (North-east Atlantic, West Iberian Margin), between 3214 and 3219 m depth (see Billet et al. 2006 and Cunha et al. 2011 for more information). It was found sympatric with other tanaidacean species: Agathotanais ingolfi Hansen, 1913, Paragathotanais sp., Paranarthrura intermedia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1982, Anarthrura sp., Araphuroides cf. parabreviremis Sieg, 1986, Cristatotanais contoura Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, Bamber & Cunha, 2011, and Typhlotanais cf. spinicauda Hansen, 1913.

Nebalia strausi Risso, 1826 Figs 1���5 Nebalia straus Risso, 1826: 84, pl. V, fig. 20. Nebalia straus ��� Ko��ak & Katagan 2006: 321, figs 1���3. ��� Ko��ak et al. 2007: 449, figs 1���3. Nebalia strausi ��� Dahl 1985: 155, figs 63���79. ��� Ledoyer 1997: 34, fig. 4. ��� Moreira et al. 2004: 84, figs 1���7; 2009b: 101, lam. 1, figs 1���3. Material examined MOROCCO ��� 1 preovigerous ♀, 4 ♂♂, 3 juveniles; Gulf of Cadiz, Mercator MV; 35��17.916��� N, 06��38.709��� W; 354 m depth; 2 Mar. 2008; St 64PE284_12750W, experimentally deployed wood substrate; DBUA0001677.01.W ��� 3 preovigerous ♀♀, 8 ♂♂, 4 juveniles; same locality and coordinates as for preceding; 3 Mar. 2008; St 64PE284_12752A, experimentally deployed alfalfa substrate; DBUA0001677.02.A. Description of female MEASUREMENTS. Preovigerous females measuring TL 5.275���5.8 mm, RL 0.925 ���1.025 mm, DCL 2.15��� 2.25 mm, LCL 2.675���3.0 mm, CH 1.825���1.95 mm. CARAPACE, ROSTRUM AND EYE. Carapace covering at least lateral sides of pleonites 1���4; LCL about 1.5 times CH. Rostrum long, with parallel margins, length about 2.3 times width, 0.45 times DCL (Fig. 2A, C). Eye about 0.65 times as long as rostrum; ommatidia numerous, distributed about 5/6 of eye (Fig. 2B); dark pigment in most ommatidia. ANTENNAE. Antennule peduncle fourth article with anterior row of 5���6 simple setae and two distal robust setae, proximal one shorter (Fig. 2D), juveniles ( 30) but not surpassing TL (Fig. 5C). Pleonites VI���VII denticles acutely pointed. Pleopod IV protopod posterior border with four serrations. Uropods length similar to females. Remarks Nebalia strausi is a well-known species that is characterized by having ommatidia and dark pigment extending through most of the eye; the antennular scale is more than twice as long as wide; the fourth article of antennule peduncle bears two distal robust setae of different length; the exopod of maxilla II surpasses the level of articulation of endopod articles, and the endopod proximal article is clearly longer than the distal one; the posterolateral corner of the pleonite IV epimeron is not acutely produced; the posterior margin of pleopod IV protopod bears four serrations; and the posterodorsal denticles of pleonites VI���VII are acutely pointed (Dahl 1985; Ledoyer 1997; Moreira et al. 2004). Furthermore, the terminal simple seta of the pleopod I protopod barely reaches half-length of the ���comb-row��� and the uropods are at least as long as pleonite VII and anal somite combined, and slightly longer in mature specimens (Dahl 1985). Specimens from Mercator MV mostly agree with the diagnosis of the species. The only minor difference is that the uropods are slightly shorter, but this may be due to the state of development, i.e., no specimen was fully mature. Note that the organic substrates where the specimens were found were enclosed by a 2 mm mesh size net, and it is likely that the specimens settled on the substrates as juveniles just released from the brood pouch. The anal plates have an even more prominent shoulder than in the Mediterranean specimens described by Dahl (1985); those reported by Ledoyer (1997) bear, in turn, a gently sloping ���shoulder���, whereas there is almost no ���shoulder��� at all in those described by Moreira et al. (2004) from the NW Iberian Peninsula. Most specimens bear two robust setae on the fourth article of antennule peduncle but small males and juveniles bear instead only one. Moreira et al. (2004) reported similar observations in immature females whereas ovigerous and postovigerous females always had two robust setae of different length. Number of setae is known to vary during ontogeny (Dahl 1985) and therefore this character should be considered with care for identification unless fully-grown specimens are available; this also applies for the number of articles in the antennae flagella that are fewer on juveniles. On the other hand, some minor variations have also been reported for specimens from the eastern Mediterranean (Ko��ak et al. 2010) and therefore the possibility of a complex of species across its wide distribution range has been suggested (Ko��ak et al. 2011). Ecology Recorded from the intertidal to depths of 140 m, in rocky substrates and sandy and muddy soft bottoms, and among the seagrasses Zostera marina L., 1753, Z. noltii Hornem., 1832, Cymodocea sp. and Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, 1813 (Dahl 1985; Ledoyer 1997; Moreira et al. 2004, 2009a, 2009b; Ko��ak et al. 2007; Latry & Droual 2020). The present findings of the species from experimentally deployed wood and alfalfa substrates at the Mercator MV extend its known bathymetric range to depths of 354 m. Distribution SW European Atlantic from north western Ireland to NW Iberian Peninsula (Dahl 1985; Moreira et al. 2004, 2009a, 2009b; McCormack et al. 2016; Latry & Droual 2020); Mediterranean Sea (Dahl 1985; Ledoyer 1997; Ko��ak & Katagan 2006; Ko��ak et al. 2011; Latry & Droual 2020); Canary Islands (Dahl 1985; Moreira et al. 2009b), Madeira and St Helena (Dahl 1985); Moroccan margin of the Gulf of Cadiz (this study; Fig. 1)., Published as part of Moreira, Juan, Esquete, Patricia & Cunha, Marina R., 2021, Leptostracans (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from mud volcanoes at the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic) with description of a new species of Sarsinebalia Dahl, 1985, pp. 102-136 in European Journal of Taxonomy 736 on pages 106-111, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.736.1255, http://zenodo.org/record/4577475, {"references":["Risso A. 1826. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe meridionale et particulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes MaritimeS. Vol. 5 Animaux Articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. F. - G. Levrault, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58984","Kocak C. & Katagan T. 2006. A new record of Nebalia straus Risso, 1827 (Phyllocarida, Leptostraca) from the eastern Mediterranean. Crustaceana 79: 319 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854006776759644","Kocak C., Moreira J. & Katagan T. 2007. First occurrence of Nebalia straus Risso, 1827 (Phyllocarida, Leptostraca) in the Levantine Basin (eastern Mediterranean). Crustaceana 80: 447 - 453. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854007780440911","Dahl E. 1985. Crustacea Leptostraca, principles of taxonomy and a revision of European shelf species. Sarsia 70: 135 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1985.10420626","Ledoyer M. 1997. Leptostraces (Crustacea) de la Mediterranee. Marine Life 7 (1 - 2): 29 - 38.","Moreira J., Quintas P. & Troncoso J. S. 2004. Sobre la presencia de Nebalia strausi Risso, 1826 (Crustacea, Leptostraca) en la peninsula Iberica. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Biolologia) 99: 83 - 92.","Walker-Smith G. K. 2000. Levinebalia maria, a new genus and new species of Leptostraca (Crustacea) from Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 58 (1): 137 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 2000.58.7","Kocak C., Moreira J. & Katagan T. 2010. New records of leptostracans (Crustacea, Phyllocarida) from the eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Journal of Zoology 34: 69 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 0901 - 4","Kocak C., Moreira J. & Katagan T. 2011. New records of the genus Nebalia Leach, 1814 (Phyllocarida, Leptostraca) from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, with a checklist of the Mediterranean species of Leptostraca. Crustaceana 84: 401 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 001121611 X 554346","Moreira J., Diaz-Agras G., Candas M., Senaris M. P. & Urgorri V. 2009 a. Leptostracans (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from the Ria de Ferrol (Galicia, NW Iberian Peninsula), with description of a new species of Nebalia Leach, 1814. Scientia Marina 73 (2): 269 - 285. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2009.73 n 2269","Moreira J., Moro L. & Riera R. 2009 b. Presencia de Nebalia strausi Risso, 1826 (Crustacea: Leptostraca) en las Islas Canarias. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias 21 (3 - 4): 99 - 107.","Latry L. & Droual G. 2020. Leptostraca (Crustacea: Phyllocarida: Nebaliidae) from French coastal waters: new records and new data on their ecology and distribution. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 61 (1): 91 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.21411 / CBM. A. A 741 CE 15","McCormack E., Ashelby C. W. & McGrath D. 2016. A review of the Leptostraca of the British Isles with discussion of the genus Sarsinebalia Dahl. Nauplius 24: e 2016006. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 2358 - 2936 e 2016006"]}

Nebalia abyssicola Fage, 1929 Figs 1, 6���9 Nebalia bipes abyssicola Fage, 1929: 41, pl. III, figs 88���89. Nebalia abyssicola ��� Ledoyer 1997: 29, fig. 1. ��� Moreira et al. 2012: 352, figs 1���5. Material examined MOROCCO ��� 1 preovigerous ♀, 6 ♂♂, 1 juvenile; Gulf of Cadiz, Mercator MV; 35��17.916��� N, 06��38.709��� W; 354 m depth; 2 Mar. 2008; St 64PE284_12750W, experimentally deployed wood substrate; DBUA0001676.01.W ��� 4 preovigerous ♀♀, 5 ♂♂, 3 juveniles; same locality and coordinates as for preceding; 3 Mar. 2008; St 64PE284_12752A, experimentally deployed alfalfa substrate; DBUA0001676.02.A ��� 1 ♂, 3 juveniles; Gulf of Cadiz, Mekn��s MV; 34��59.091��� N, 07��04.424��� W; 698 m depth; 20 May 2009; St B09-14b_03A, experimentally deployed alfalfa substrate; DBUA0002350.02.A ��� 3 ovigerous ♀♀, 1 ♂, 1 juvenile; Gulf of Cadiz, Darwin MV; 35��23.523��� N, 07��11.513��� W; 1100 m depth; 19 May 2009; St B09-14b_02A, experimentally deployed alfalfa substrate; DBUA0002350.01.A ��� 2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂, 25 juveniles; same locality and coordinates as for preceding; 1109 m depth; 21 May 2007; St JC10_032-SUS01, suction sample from Bathymodiolinae bed; DBUA0002392.01 ��� 2 ♀♀, 8 ♂♂, 11 juveniles; same locality and coordinates as for preceding; 1110 m depth; 22 May 2007; St JC10_032- SUS02, suction sample from Bathymodiolinae bed; DBUA0002392.02 ��� 3 juveniles; same locality and coordinates as for preceding; 1110 m depth; 1 Jun. 2007; St JC10_076-SUS01, suction sample from Bathymodiolinae bed; DBUA0002392.03. Description of female MEASUREMENTS. Ovigerous ♀♀: TL 6.0��� 6.625 mm, RL 1.05���1.125 mm, DCL 2.375���2.5 mm, LCL 3.0��� 3.125 mm, CH 2.125���2.25 mm; preovigerous ♀♀: TL 4.6���6.5 mm, RL 0.75���0.925 mm, DCL 1.75��� 2.25 mm, LCL 2.125 ���2.875 mm, CH 1.5���1.925 mm. CARAPACE, ROSTRUM AND EYE. Carapace covering at least lateral sides of pleonites 1���4 (Fig. 6A); LCL about 1.4 times CH. Rostrum long, with parallel margins, length about 2.5 times width, 0.45 times DCL (Fig. 6 B���C). Eye about 0.4���0.5 times as long as rostrum; some ommatidia irregularly distributed on distal half or second third (Fig. 6C); inferior distal border slightly produced downwards. ANTENNAE. Antennule peduncle fourth article with anterior row of 9���10 simple setae and one distal robust seta (one preovigerous female with two) (Fig. 6D); antennular scale length 2.15���2.5 times width; flagellum with up to 10���11 articles. Antenna peduncle third article lateral margin with 4���5 proximal plumose setae and three distal thin long spine-like setae (Fig. 6 E���F); flagellum with up to 12���14 articles (Fig. 6E). MOUTHPARTS. Mandibular palp second article with two simple setae: one simple seta on distal third and one simple slightly longer seta on lateral margin at mid-length; third article 1.15 times as long as second (Fig. 7A). Maxilla I palp well-developed, about six times as long as protopod (Fig. 7B). Maxilla II endopod proximal article about 1.6 times as long as distal; exopod as long as endopod first article (Fig. 7C). THORACOPODS. Endopod longer than exopod (Fig. 7 D���E); endopod distal article slightly enlarged, with several (> 10) long setae; endopod segmentation weak. Thoracopod 8 epipod smaller than in other thoracopods and lacking setae (Fig. 7F). PLEONITES AND PLEOPODS. Pleonite IV epimeron posterolateral corner forming triangular proccess acutely pointed (Fig. 8C). Pleonites VI���VII posterodorsal border bearing distally rounded to slightly pointed denticles (Fig. 8 F���G). Pleopod I protopod with long seta near base of exopod, reaching first half of exopod ���comb-row���; exopod about 0.7 times as long as protopod and endopod; lateral margin with ���comb-row��� of about 25���30 bi-pectinate setae (Fig. 8A). Pleopods II���IV exopod with row of 4���6 smooth setae (���spine pairs���) (Figs 6A, 8B). Pleopod IV protopod posterior border with 3(4?) serrations. Pleopod V distal article 4.0 times as long as wide, with five simple setae along distolateral and terminal margins, proximal-most the shortest (Fig. 8D). Pleopod VI 2.7 times as long as wide, with five simple setae along lateral and terminal margins, distal-most the longest (Fig. 8E). Pleopod V���VI pairs with acute triangular process between rami bases. ANAL SOMITE, ANAL PLATES AND UROPODS. Anal somite 1.15���1.4 times as long as pleonite VII. Anal plates acutely tapering distally, lacking distinct ���shoulder��� (Fig. 8H). Uropods 1.15���1.28 times as long as pleonite VII +anal somite (Fig. 6A); terminal seta two times as long as ramus. Description of male TL 3.5���6.25 mm, RL 0.675 ���1.075 mm, DCL 1.375 ���2.425 mm, LCL 1.875���3.25 mm, CH 1.375 ��� 1.875 mm. Carapace slightly longer than in females (Fig. 9A), LCL about 1.7 times CH. Ommatidia irregularly distributed along distal �� of eye (Fig. 9B). Antennular scale proportionally longer than in females (2.7���2.75 times as long as wide) (Fig. 9C); flagellum with up to 9���12 articles, thicker than in females. Antenna peduncle third article lateral margin with similar setation as in females; flagellum with many articles (> 40) but not surpassing TL (Fig. 9D). Pleonites VI���VII denticles more pointed distally than in females. Pleopod IV protopod posterior border with four serrations. Small males (Nebalia abyssicola is mostly characterized by the shape of the eye and the number and distribution of ommatidia, as discussed by Fage (1929), Ledoyer (1997) and Moreira et al. (2012). Fage (1929) also highlights the differences in setal armature of the fourth article of antennule, that includes one distal robust seta and a larger number of medial simple setae (up to 10) in comparison to other species of similar body length, such as N. herbstii Leach, 1814, N. strausi and N. mediterranea Ko��ak & Moreira, 2015, that bear 5���7 simple setae. The specimens from the Gulf of Cadiz agree well with the full description of the species by Ledoyer (1997), including diagnostic characters such as eye features, antennular scale proportions, setae of the fourth article of antennule peduncle (one distal robust seta and row of 9���10 setae on anterior margin), proportions of the articles of the maxilla 2 endopod and exopod, and shape of pleonites 6���7 denticles. The second article of the mandibular palp is provided with two setae whereas Ledoyer (1997: fig. 1) only illustrates one; two setae are present as well in specimens from the Aegean Sea but the proximal seta is provided with short setules instead of being naked (Moreira et al. 2012: fig. 3A). Furthermore, one specimen had two robust setae on the fourth article of antennule peduncle instead of one as found in all other specimens and those reported elsewhere; such variation may occur, however, in other species as discussed above for N. strausi. Ecology This species has been reported at depths between 410 and 2368 m; specimens from the Aegean Sea have been found in mud-clay sediments (Moreira et al. 2012). Specimens from MVs were found at depths of 354 to 1100 m in experimentally deployed wood and alfalfa substrata and associated with Gigantidas mauritanicus aggregations in cracks between large carbonate slabs at Darwin MV (1100 m depth). Distribution There are few records of this species; its known distribution ranges from the western Mediterranean (Monaco: Fage 1929; Corsica and Provence, France: Ledoyer 1997) and the Ionian Sea (Froglia 2010) to the Aegean Sea (Moreira et al. 2012). Darwin, Mekn��s and Mercator MVs, Moroccan continental slope, Gulf of Cadiz (Fig. 1); this is the first record for the Atlantic Ocean., Published as part of Moreira, Juan, Esquete, Patricia & Cunha, Marina R., 2021, Leptostracans (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from mud volcanoes at the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic) with description of a new species of Sarsinebalia Dahl, 1985, pp. 102-136 in European Journal of Taxonomy 736 on pages 111-117, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.736.1255, http://zenodo.org/record/4577475, {"references":["Fage L. 1929. Cumaces et Leptostraces provenant des Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco. Resultats des Campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son Yacht par Prince Albert Ier 77: 1 - 50.","Ledoyer M. 1997. Leptostraces (Crustacea) de la Mediterranee. Marine Life 7 (1 - 2): 29 - 38.","Moreira J., Sezgin M., Katagan T., G ˆ n ʾ lal O. & Topaloglu B. 2012. First record of a bathyal leptostracan, Nebalia abyssicola Fage, 1929 (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Phyllocarida), in the Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Journal of Zoology 36: 351 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 1012 - 53","Kocak C. & Moreira J. 2015. A new Nebalia species (Crustacea, Phyllocarida, Leptostraca) from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95: 1667 - 1675. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315415000946","Froglia C. 2010. Crustacea, Phyllocarida, Leptostraca. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 17 (Suppl. 1): 471."]}

Sarsinebalia ledoyeri sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6203DB5B-D428-494D-AE12-96671063F37A Figs 1, 10���16, Table 2 Diagnosis Rostrum length 2.4���2.5 times width. Compound eye provided with 10���20 spaced ommatidia along distal half; pigment not observed; eye distal half with concave ventral margin; distal third gradually compressed laterally. Antennular scale length about 2.2 times width. Antennule peduncle fourth article with one distal robust seta. Antenna peduncle third article with 2���3 slightly plumose setae and three similar spine-like setae on lateral margin. Mandibular palp second article with two setae: 1) proximal seta on lateral surface, setulose along distal half inferior margin, about 0.5 times as long as article; 2) subdistal simple seta, longer than third article. Maxilla II endopod weakly segmented, distal article 1.8 times as long as proximal article; exopod 1.4 times as long as endopod proximal article. Pleonite IV epimeron posterolateral corner as triangular acute process. Pleonite IV posterolateral border with denticles distally acute; pleonites V���VII posterodorsal border with denticles distally rounded to pointed, never acutely produced. Pleopod I exopod lateral margin lacking setae. Pleopod IV protopod posterior border with three serrations; posterolateral corner acutely pointed. Uropods 0.7���0.85 times as long as pleonite VII+ anal somite. Etymology The new species is named after the French carcinologist Michel Ledoyer because of his many contributions to leptostracan taxonomy. Type material Holotype MOROCCO ��� postovigerous ♀, TL 4.0 mm, RL 0.675 mm, DCL 1.65 mm, LCL 2.15 mm, CH 1.4 mm; Gulf of Cadiz, Gemini MV; 35��16.88��� N, 06��45.35��� W; 418 m depth; 6 Oct. 2006; St 64PE253_06, MV crater, mud breccia; MNCN 20.04/13706. Allotype MOROCCO ��� ♂, TL 3.9 mm, RL 0.625 mm, DCL 1.6 mm, LCL 1.975 mm, CH 1.3 mm; same locality and station as for holotype; MNCN 20.04/13707. Paratypes MOROCCO ��� 4 postovigerous ♀♀; same locality and station as for holotype; MNCN 20.04/13708 to 20.04/13711 ��� 10 preovigerous ♀♀; same locality and station as for holotype; MNCN 20.04/13712 to 20.04/13721 ��� 6 ♂♂; same locality and station as for holotype; MNCN 20.04/13722 to 20.04/13727 ��� 3 juveniles; same locality and station as for holotype; MNCN 20.04/13728 to 20.04/13730 ��� 4 postovigerous ♀♀, 10 preovigerous ♀♀, 5 ♂♂, 3 juveniles; same locality and station as for holotype; DBUA0002351.01. Description of female MEASUREMENTS. Postovigerous ♀♀: TL 3.625���4.0 mm, RL 0.575���0.70 mm, DCL 1.50���1.75 mm, LCL 1.90���2.375 mm, CH 1.325���1.50 mm; preovigerous ♀♀: TL 3.375���3.85 mm, RL 0.575 ���0.625 mm, DCL 1.125���1.60 mm, LCL 1.625 ���2.075 mm, CH 1.125���1.40 mm. CARAPACE, ROSTRUM AND EYE. Carapace roughly oval, margins convex or rounded, covering laterally most of pleonites III���IV (Fig. 10A); LCL about 1.5���1.6 times CH. Rostrum long, extending well beyond eyestalk, length 2.4���2.5 times width, 0.4���0.45 times DCL (Fig. 10A, D); tapering gradually on distal half and turning downwards (Fig. 10B); paired ventral keels present; tip of rostrum provided with terminal spine, segmented proximally. Compound eye slightly longer than high, distal third becoming gradually compressed laterally (Fig. 10C); dorsal and distal margins almost straight, ventral margin straight proximally and concave on distal half (Fig. 10B); 10���20 spaced ommatidia, present mostly along distal half; pigmentation not observed in fixed specimens; supra-orbital plate with acute tip, reaching at least end of distal half of eye dorsal surface. ANTENNULE. Peduncle composed of four articles (Fig. 11A). First article shorter than second, naked. Second article widest at midpoint, length almost 3.0 times width, with (1) one plumose seta on anterior margin at mid-length, (2) cluster of about 12 smooth and plumose setae arising from posterolateral distal third surface, (3) cluster of about 10 short and long simple setae and one plumose seta on anterodistal margin. Third article 0.5 times as long as second, wider distally, with terminal cluster of about 12 simple setae on anterodistal and posterodistal margins, one long simple seta on external surface and two shorter setae on inner surface. Fourth article shorter than third, with (1) anterior row of 5���6 simple setae, (2) one distal robust seta, (3) lateral row of 2���3 simple setae on external surface, distal-most the longest, (4) one simple seta on inner surface, (5) one simple seta arising from posterodistal margin, longer than article and antennular scale combined. Antennular scale roughly oval, length 2.2 times width; anterior margin slightly convex; anterior and terminal margins with (1) row of shorter setae recurved distally and provided with blunt teeth along distal half (asb in Fig. 11A), (2) numerous simple setae of different lengths with thinner teeth, setae arising from posteroterminal margin the longest (ast in Fig. 11A); row of three spaced simple setae on inner surface. Flagellum long, well-developed, shorter than peduncle, with 7 articles (6���7 in preovigerous females), proximal article as long as following three combined; each article with (1) cluster of 2���8 aesthetascs and (2) 2���4 simple setae on distal margin (Fig. 11B), distal article with 5���6 setae and lacking aesthethascs. ANTENNA. Peduncle composed of three articles (Fig. 11C). First article anterior margin with process ending in small acute spine. Second article about as long as first, anterior margin with subdistal acutely pointed process. Third article about 2.0 times as long as second; plumose seta arising proximally from inner surface, associated to four simple short setae; medial and lateral anterior margins with several rows of setae (Fig. 11D): (1) five sparsely plumose setae, (2) two rows of simple thin spine-like setae, of 5���6 setae each (most arranged in pairs), (3) five simple, thin setae, (4) terminal row of eight simple setae, increasing in length distally, (5) 2���3 slightly plumose setae and three spine-like similar setae along lateral margin, distal-most seta associated to 5���7 simple setae; posterior margin with long, densely plumose seta (Fig. 11F); cluster of 8���9 plumose setae along distal margin inner surface; posterodistal margin with two short simple setae of different length. Flagellum well-developed, composed of 11 articles (12 in one postovigerous female) (Fig. 11E); each article with four terminal setae, one shorter than others (Fig. 11G). MANDIBLE (Fig. 12A). Molar process well-developed, about as long as first palp article, with several rows of teeth on distal third and several distal simple setae; incisor process smaller, broadest basally, with row of acute teeth on medial margin and acute terminal process. Mandible palp composed of three articles; second article slightly longer than first, widest on proximal third; two setae: one at mid-length on lateral surface, setulose on inferior margin of distal half, about 0.5 times as long as article, and one subterminal simple seta, longer than third article. Third article 1.3 times as long as second, with almost parallel sides, slightly tapering distally; inferior margin with (1) a row of plumose setae extending from ending of proximal third to distal end, first four setae increasing gradually in length, (2) a row of six subdistal dentate setae, (3) two terminal setae, one as long as those of (1); superior margin proximal half with a row of minute setae. MAXILLA I. First endite (proximal) with rounded medial margin bearing row of plumose setae (Fig. 12B). Second endite (distal) larger than first; inner margin with several distal simple setae; medial margin with several types of setae arranged in two rows: first row with (1) about 9 setae of increasing size with several teeth along distal half and one large tooth on distal superior margin (tcs in Fig. 12C) and (2) two pappose setae (pas in Fig. 12C); second row with (3) about ten spatulate setae (sps in Fig. 12C) and (4) six setae with several teeth (2���4) along distal superior margin, thinner than those of type (1) (tns in Fig. 12C); setae of types (1), (3) and (4) with one margin provided with long, spaced setules (Fig. 12C). Palp well-developed, about 4.0 times as long as protopod, with about 7���9 long setae along its entire length; setae provided with minute setules along distal third and with apex recurved distally (Fig. 12B). MAXILLA II (Fig. 12D). Protopod with four endites; first (proximal) and third endite the largest, fourth endite much shorter; first to third endites bearing numerous plumose setae arranged in two rows; fourth endite with five longer plumose setae. Endopod weakly segmented, longer than exopod, distal article 1.8 times as long as proximal; medial margin of both articles with one row of spaced plumose setae, proximal with two additional longer setae with long setules along distal half; distal article with one plumose seta, longer than endopod. Exopod 1.4 times as long as endopod proximal article; lateral margin with plumose setae, two distal-most setae as long as exopod. THORACOPODS. Endopod longer than exopod, segmentation weak; with numerous plumose setae along anterior margin arranged in two rows and one long sparsely plumose seta (Fig. 13A); distal article expanded, in postovigerous females lacking long setae, in preovigerous females with several setae shorter than exopod (Fig. 13 B���C). Exopod posterior margin with 6���9 plumose setae, 1���2 distal-most the longest (Fig. 13A). Epipod posterior margin with two plumose setae. Thoracopod VIII shorter than others, with epipod comparatively reduced and lacking setae (Fig. 13D); exopod posterior margin with about 5 plumose setae comparatively longer than those of other thoracopods. PLEONITES. Pleonite I posterior border lacking denticles. Pleonites II���VII bearing denticles along posterior border, at least dorsally and laterodorsally (Fig. 10A). Pleonite II with denticles along dorsal border and extending to dorsolateral border (Fig. 14A); denticles thin, distally acute. Pleonite III with denticles along dorsal border extending well into lateral border, ending at mid-length (Fig. 14B); denticles distally pointed with more or less parallel sides (dorsal) to triangular (laterodorsal). Pleonites IV���VII with posterior border fully provided with denticles. Pleonite IV with dorsal and dorsolateral denticles pointed to rounded becoming distally acute and triangular in shape along lateral border (Fig. 14C); epimeron posterolateral corner forming large tooth with triangular distal end, acutely pointed. Pleonites V���VII dorsal and dorsolateral denticles similar in shape to those of pleonite III, distal end roughly pointed to rounded but never acutely produced (Fig. 14 D���F); some denticles on ventrolateral border distally acute (Fig. 14D). PLEOPODS 1���4. Pleopod 1 protopod with posterior margin even (Fig. 15A); with one short simple seta proximally on posterior margin and four distal simple setae: one seta on anterior margin arising subdistally and one seta between rami, posterior margin with long seta near exopod base and hardly reaching exopod distal half plus one shorter subdistal seta. Exopod about 0.6 times as long as protopod; lateral margin lacking ���comb-row���; distolateral margin with one short simple seta and four stout simple setaes, distal-most the longest; long plumose setae (> 15) along medial margin. Endopod of two articles, 1.25 times as long as exopod; proximal article shorter, with appendix interna provided with three short recurved hooks; lateral and medial margins of distal article each with one row of> 10 plumose setae, distal margin with acute process at apex and long, robust terminal seta. PLEOPODS II���III. Similar in appearance. Protopod inner surface with 1���2 simple setae on proximal third, and cluster of 2���6 long simple setae at mid-length, posterior margin with cluster of three long simple setae on distal third, and two simple setae near rami bases: one near appendix interna and one thicker seta close to exopod (Fig. 15 B���C); acute triangular process between rami; posterior margin even. Exopod shorter than endopod; lateral margin with row of four smooth setae (���spine pairs���), each pair consisting of two setae subequal or one slightly shorter (sometimes one lacking in proximal pair), with short setulose seta in between; medial margin with about 10 long plumose setae; distal margin with three simple setae, distal-most the longest. Endopod of two articles; proximal article short, provided with appendix interna; lateral and medial margins of distal article each with one row of>15 plumose setae; terminal margin with one long, robust distal seta. PLEOPOD IV. Protopod posterior margin with three serrations (Fig. 14C); posterolateral corner acutely pointed. Rami similar to pleopods II���III. PLEOPODS V���VI. Pleopod V���VI pairs with acute triangular process between rami bases. Pleopod V uniramous, length 4.3 times width, with three terminal stout simple setae, proximal-most much shorter (Fig. 15D); approximately 12���13 simple setae of different lengths along medial and terminal margins, appearing jointed at mid-length. Pleopod VI uniramous, length 3.0 times width (Fig. 15E); with three terminal simple setae, one longer than entire ramus; medial, distolateral and terminal margins with about eight ���jointed��� setae of different lengths. ANAL SOMITE, ANAL PLATES AND UROPODS. Anal somite 1.15���1.35 times as long as pleonite VII (Fig. 10A). Anal plates with broad bases and acutely tapering distally (Fig. 14G); medial margins convex defining a Y-shaped invagination between plates; lateral margins gently sloping, lacking ���shoulder���. Uropods tapering distally, 0.7���0.85 times as long as pleonite VII+anal somite (Fig. 10A); lateral margin with 15���18 simple setae gradually increasing in length towards distal end; terminal margin with two longer robust setae, broken in all specimens but distal-most at least as long as uropods (Fig. 15F); medial margin with one row of simple setae similar to those on lateral margin but fewer and thinner plus one row of long plumose setae; distomedial margin with cluster of three short simple setae. 1 Sars (1896) only mentions and illustrates one distal seta that is longer than article; Dahl (1985) illustrates two setae, distal seta seems broken but it might be longer than proximal one (cf. Sars 1896: table IV, fig. 12). 2 Drawings included in original description illustrate setae with smooth borders; description does not state whether they are smooth or setulose/plumose. 3 The mandibular palp second article of S. kunyensis bears two setae located at the same level; remaining species bear one distal and one proximal seta. Description of male TL 3.3���3.925 mm, RL 0.525 ���0.675 mm, DCL 1.275 ���1.675 mm, LCL 1.6���2.05 mm, CH 1���1.3 mm. Carapace proportions similar to females (Fig. 16A), LCL about 1.5���1.6 times CH. Ommatidia irregularly distributed along distal half or �� of eye (Fig. 16B). Antennular scale proportionally longer than in females (2.2���2.45 times as long as wide) (Fig. 16C); flagellum with up to 6���7 articles, thicker than in females. Antenna peduncle third article lateral margin with similar setation as in females; flagellum with many articles (> 30) but not surpassing TL (Fig. 16D). Pleopod IV protopod posterior margin with three serrations. Pleonites VI���VII denticles elongated, more pointed than in females. Remarks Known species of Sarsinebalia can be distinguished by whether or not eyes are provided with ommatidia / pigment and lateral margin of pleopod I exopod is provided with setae, as well as by the eye shape, features of maxilla II exopod and endopod and pleonites denticles (Table 2). Sarsinebalia ledoyeri sp. nov. is characterised by the following combination of characters: the rostrum is about 2.4��� 2.5 times as long as wide, the eye is provided with ommatidia (10���20) and lacks pigment, the eye is gradually compressed laterally along distal third and towards anterior margin, the eye ventral margin is concave along distal half, the antennular scale is about 2.2 times as long as wide, the second article of the mandibular palp bears one seta on lateral surface about 0.5 times as long as article and one subterminal seta longer than the third article, the distal article of the endopod of the maxilla II is about 1.8 times as long as the proximal article, the exopod of the maxilla II is clearly longer than the proximal article of the endopod, the posterodorsal border of pleonites VI���VII are provided with distally rounded to pointed denticles, the protopod of pleopod IV has three serrations along the posterior border and the posterolateral corner is acutely pointed, and the uropods are shorter than the pleonite VII and anal somite combined. Sarsinebalia ledoyeri sp. nov. mainly differs from S. typhlops, S. biscayensis and S. pseudotyphlops in having eyes provided with ommatidia. Furthermore, S. typhlops also differs in that the two articles of the maxilla II endopod are subequal (Sars 1896: fig. 14), the proximal seta of the mandibular palp second article is more than two thirds of the length of the article whereas in S. ledoyeri sp. nov. is only half the length of the article, and the pleopod V���VI have more stout distal/distolateral setae according to Sars (1896) (V: 5, VI: 5 vs 3/ 3); S. typhlops also seems a larger species, reaching 9 mm in length (Sars 1896) whereas the largest mature specimens of S. ledoyeri sp. nov. only reach 4 mm. In turn, S. biscayensis has elongated eyes, the fourth article of the antennule peduncle lacks the distal robust seta bearing instead one long simple seta similar to those along the medial margin, the pleopod I exopod is provided with ���spines��� along the lateral border (as it happens in S. kunyensis Ledoyer, 2000 and S. pseudotyphlops) and the pleopod I protopod bears a row of simple, long setae along the proximal half of the posterior border instead of only one shorter seta (cf. Ledoyer 1998: fig. 2 vs Fig. 15A); S. pseudotyphlops has a comparatively longer antennular scale, the proximal article of the maxilla II endopod is longer than the distal one, the pleopod IV protopod has an even posterior margin and the posterodorsal denticles of pleonites VI���VII are acute distally. On the other hand, S. kunyensis is also provided with ommatidia but differs from S. ledoyeri sp. nov. in having oval elongated eyes, the two articles of the maxilla II endopod are subequal, the proximal seta of the mandibular palp second article is comparatively longer and the denticles along the lateral border of the pleonite IV epimeron are distally rounded instead of being acute. Sarsinebalia ledoyeri sp. nov. differs from the shallow-water species, S. cristoboi and S. urgorrii, in lacking eye pigment and in the shape of the eyes, that has distal and ventral margins parallel in S. urgorrii and convex in S. cristoboi; the aforementioned species also bear proportionally shorter denticles along posterod, Published as part of Moreira, Juan, Esquete, Patricia & Cunha, Marina R., 2021, Leptostracans (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from mud volcanoes at the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic) with description of a new species of Sarsinebalia Dahl, 1985, pp. 102-136 in European Journal of Taxonomy 736 on pages 117-128, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.736.1255, http://zenodo.org/record/4577475, {"references":["Dahl E. 1985. Crustacea Leptostraca, principles of taxonomy and a revision of European shelf species. Sarsia 70: 135 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1985.10420626","Sars G. O. 1896. Descriptions of the Norwegian Species at Present Known Belonging to the Sub-Orders Phyllocarida and Phyllopoda. Fauna Norvegiae Vol. 1. Descriptions of the Norwegian Species at Present Known Belonging to the Sub-orders Phyllocarida and Phyllopoda. Trykt i Aktie-bogtrykkeriet, Christiania [Oslo]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 30839","Ledoyer M. 1998. Leptostraces (Crustacea) des cotes de Mauritanie recoltes au cours de la champagne Eumeli 4 en 1992 et Sarsinebalia biscayensis n. sp. de la terrasse de Meriadzek, golfe de Gascogne (Nord-Est Atlantique). Marine Life 8 (1 - 2): 29 - 33.","Ledoyer M. 2000. Leptostraces (Crustacea) de Nouvelle-Caledonie (mer de Corail, Ouest Pacifique). Marine Life 10 (1 - 2): 57 - 68.","Hessler R. R. & Sanders H. L. 1965. Bathyal Leptostraca from the continental slope of the northeastern United States. Crustaceana 9 (1): 71 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854065 X 00190","Lo Bianco S. 1903. Le pesche abissali eseguite da F. A. Krupp col Yacht Puritan nelle adiacenze di Capri ed in altre localita del Mediterraneo. Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel 16: 109 - 279.","Ledoyer M. 1997. Leptostraces (Crustacea) de la Mediterranee. Marine Life 7 (1 - 2): 29 - 38.","Moreira J., Gestoso L. & Troncoso J. S. 2003 b. Two new species of Sarsinebalia (Crustacea, Leptostraca) from the Northeast Atlantic, with comments on the genus. Sarsia 88: 189 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364820310001390","McCormack E., Ashelby C. W. & McGrath D. 2016. A review of the Leptostraca of the British Isles with discussion of the genus Sarsinebalia Dahl. Nauplius 24: e 2016006. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 2358 - 2936 e 2016006","Latry L. & Droual G. 2020. Leptostraca (Crustacea: Phyllocarida: Nebaliidae) from French coastal waters: new records and new data on their ecology and distribution. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 61 (1): 91 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.21411 / CBM. A. A 741 CE 15","Hilario A., Johnson S. 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(IF 0.46 [2018]; Q4); International audience; A large inventory of tanaidaceans is reported from an upstream-downstream transect in tidal channels of the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia), collected during a 2016–2017 seasonal sampling campaign. Eight species were identified from a collection of 2,896 individuals, including four species of the genus Apseudopsis. One species belonging to Apseudopsis has recently been described from this material, while four other species are newly recorded from Tunisian waters. Most of the individuals were sampled in Winter and from a single channel polluted by the release of phosphogypsum waste. This unusually high diversity in shallow waters is discussed from a taxonomic point of view, taking into account the misidentification of the species Apseudopsis latreillii, which is the only species of the genus mentioned in the most widely used identification keys. Most of the reports on the geographical distribution of this species need to be re-assessed taking into account the species described recently in the North Atlantic Ocean including the Mediterranean Sea.; Tanaidacés (Crustacea : Peracarida) du golfe de Gabès (Mer Méditerranée). Une importante collection de tanaidacés a été récoltée dans les chenaux à marée du Golfe de Gabès (Tunisie) au cours d'un suivi saisonnier de prélèvements selon un transect amont-aval en 2016–2017. Un total de 2896 individus appartenant à huit espèces a été identifié dont quatre espèces du genre Apseudopsis dont une espèce vient d'être décrite. Quatre autres espèces sont nouvelles pour les eaux tunisiennes. La plupart des individus ont été récoltés en hiver et dans un seul chenal soumis aux émissaires industriels d'exploitation de phosphate. Cette importante diversité en tanaïdacés en zone peu profonde est discutée en relation avec les erreurs d'identification d'Apseudopsis latreillii. La plupart des citations biogéographiques de cette espèce doit être revue en tenant compte des nouvelles espèces du genre décrites récemment dans les eaux de l'Atlantique nord-est y compris la Méditerranée.