131 results on '"Espinoza, Robert E."'
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2. The Irreplaceable Role of Nature in Scientific Discovery
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Espinoza, Robert E., author and Espinoza, Robert E., author
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- 2024
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3. Prioritizing the Risk and Management of Introduced Species in a Landscape with High Indigenous Biodiversity
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Richmond, Jonathan Q., Kingston, Jennifer, Ewing, Brittany A.I., Bear, Wendy, Hathaway, Stacie A., Lee, Cedric, Swift, Camm, Preston, Kristine L., Schultz, Allison J., Kus, Barbara E., Russel, Kerwin, Unitt, Philip, Hollingsworth, Bradford D., Espinoza, Robert E., Wall, Michael, Tremor, Scott, Palenscar, Kai, and Fisher, Robert N.
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United States. Geological Survey -- Management ,Biological diversity ,Wildlife conservation ,Risk assessment ,Company business management ,Science and technology - Abstract
Abstract.--Risk analysis protocols for prioritizing the management of non-native species are numerous, yet few incorporate risk and management in the same analysis or accommodate a broad diversity of taxa outside [...]
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- 2023
4. AWARD ANNOUNCEMENTS
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Espinoza, Robert E., Piller, Kyle, Webb, Jacqueline F., Ross, Stephen T., Sabaj, Mark, Shaffer, Brad, and Pauers, Michael J.
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- 2019
5. Herbivory Imposes Constraints on Voluntary Hypothermia in Lizards
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Tracy, C. Richard, Zimmerman, Linda C., Espinoza, Robert E., and Tracy, Christopher R.
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- 2005
6. Two New Liolaemus from the Puna Region of Argentina and Chile: Further Resolution of Purported Reproductive Bimodality in Liolaemus alticolor (Iguania: Liolaemidae)
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Lobo, Fernando and Espinoza, Robert E.
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- 2004
7. Recurrent Evolution of Herbivory in Small, Cold-Climate Lizards: Breaking the Ecophysiological Rules of Reptilian Herbivory
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Espinoza, Robert E., Wiens, John J., Tracy, C. Richard, and Wake, David B.
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- 2004
8. Teaching Biology in the Field : Importance, Challenges, and Solutions
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FLEISCHNER, THOMAS L., ESPINOZA, ROBERT E., GERRISH, GRETCHEN A., GREENE, HARRY W., KIMMERER, ROBIN WALL, LACEY, EILEEN A., PACE, STEVEN, PARRISH, JULIA K., SWAIN, HILARY M., TROMBULAK, STEPHEN C., WEISBERG, SAUL, WINKLER, DAVID W., and ZANDER, LISA
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- 2017
9. Two New Species of Liolaemus Lizards from Northwestern Argentina: Speciation within the Northern Subclade of the Elongatus Group (Iguania: Liolaemidae)
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Espinoza, Robert E. and Lobo, Fernando
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- 2003
10. Liolaemus heliodermis, a New Lizard from Northwestern Argentina with Remarks on the Content of the Elongatus Group (Iguania: Tropiduridae)
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Espinoza, Robert E., Lobo, Fernando, and Cruz, Félix B.
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- 2000
11. Two New Cryptic Species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Tropiduridae) from Northwestern Argentina: Resolution of the Purported Reproductive Bimodality of Liolaemus alticolor
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Lobo, Fernando and Espinoza, Robert E.
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- 1999
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12. The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina
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Abdala, Cristián S., Baldo, Diego, Juárez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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- 2016
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13. A communal catalogue reveals Earths multiscale microbial diversity
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Thompson, Luke R., Sanders, Jon G., McDonald, Daniel, Amir, Amnon, Ladau, Joshua, Locey, Kenneth J., Prill, Robert J., Tripathi, Anupriya, Gibbons, Sean M., Ackermann, Gail, Navas-Molina, Jose A., Janssen, Stefan, Kopylova, Evguenia, Vzquez-Baeza, Yoshiki, Gonzlez, Antonio, Morton, James T., Mirarab, Siavash, Zech Xu, Zhenjiang, Jiang, Lingjing, Haroon, Mohamed F., Kanbar, Jad, Zhu, Qiyun, Jin Song, Se, Kosciolek, Tomasz, Bokulich, Nicholas A., Lefler, Joshua, Brislawn, Colin J., Humphrey, Gregory, Owens, Sarah M., Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad, Berg-Lyons, Donna, McKenzie, Valerie, Fierer, Noah, Fuhrman, Jed A., Clauset, Aaron, Stevens, Rick L., Shade, Ashley, Pollard, Katherine S., Goodwin, Kelly D., Jansson, Janet K., Gilbert, Jack A., Knight, Rob, Rivera, Jose L. Agosto, Al-Moosawi, Lisa, Alverdy, John, Amato, Katherine R., Andras, Jason, Angenent, Largus T., Antonopoulos, Dionysios A., Apprill, Amy, Armitage, David, Ballantine, Kate, Barta, Jiri, Baum, Julia K., Berry, Allison, Bhatnagar, Ashish, Bhatnagar, Monica, Biddle, Jennifer F., Bittner, Lucie, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bottos, Eric, Boyer, Donal M., Braun, Josephine, Brazelton, William, Brearley, Francis Q., Campbell, Alexandra H., Caporaso, J. Gregory, Cardona, Cesar, Carroll, JoLynn, Cary, S. Craig, Casper, Brenda B., Charles, Trevor C., Chu, Haiyan, Claar, Danielle C., Clark, Robert G., Clayton, Jonathan B., Clemente, Jose C., Cochran, Alyssa, Coleman, Maureen L., Collins, Gavin, Colwell, Rita R., Contreras, Monica, Crary, Benjamin B., Creer, Simon, Cristol, Daniel A., Crump, Byron C., Cui, Duoying, Daly, Sarah E., Davalos, Liliana, Dawson, Russell D., Defazio, Jennifer, Delsuc, Frederic, Dionisi, Hebe M., Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria, Dowell, Robin, Dubinsky, Eric A., Dunn, Peter O., Ercolini, Danilo, Espinoza, Robert E., Ezenwa, Vanessa, Fenner, Nathalie, Findlay, Helen S., Fleming, Irma D., Fogliano, Vincenzo, Forsman, Anna, Freeman, Chris, Friedman, Elliot S., Galindo, Giancarlo, Garcia, Liza, Garcia-Amado, Maria Alexandra, Garshelis, David, Gasser, Robin B., Gerdts, Gunnar, Gibson, Molly K., Gifford, Isaac, Gill, Ryan T., Giray, Tugrul, Gittel, Antje, Golyshin, Peter, Gong, Donglai, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guyton, Kristina, Haig, Sarah-Jane, Hale, Vanessa, Hall, Ross Stephen, Hallam, Steven J., Handley, Kim M., Hasan, Nur A., Haydon, Shane R., Hickman, Jonathan E., Hidalgo, Glida, Hofmockel, Kirsten S., Hooker, Jeff, Hulth, Stefan, Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Embriette, Ibanez-Alamo, Juan Diego, Jastrow, Julie D., Jex, Aaron R., Johnson, L. Scott, Johnston, Eric R., Joseph, Stephen, Jurburg, Stephanie D., Jurelevicius, Diogo, Karlsson, Anders, Karlsson, Roger, Kauppinen, Seth, Kellogg, Colleen T. E., Kennedy, Suzanne J., Kerkhof, Lee J., King, Gary M., Kling, George W., Koehler, Anson V., Krezalek, Monika, Kueneman, Jordan, Lamendella, Regina, Landon, Emily M., Lane-deGraaf, Kelly, LaRoche, Julie, Larsen, Peter, Laverock, Bonnie, Lax, Simon, Lentino, Miguel, Levin, Iris I., Liancourt, Pierre, Liang, Wenju, Linz, Alexandra M., Lipson, David A., Liu, Yongqin, Lladser, Manuel E., Lozada, Mariana, Spirito, Catherine M., MacCormack, Walter P., MacRae-Crerar, Aurora, Magris, Magda, Martin-Platero, Antonio M., Martin-Vivaldi, Manuel, Martinez, L. Margarita, Martinez-Bueno, Manuel, Marzinelli, Ezequiel M., Mason, Olivia U., Mayer, Gregory D., McDevitt-Irwin, Jamie M., McDonald, James E., McGuire, Krista L., McMahon, Katherine D., McMinds, Ryan, Medina, Monica, Mendelson, Joseph R., Metcalf, Jessica L., Meyer, Folker, Michelangeli, Fabian, Miller, Kim, Mills, David A., Minich, Jeremiah, Mocali, Stefano, Moitinho-Silva, Lucas, Moore, Anni, Morgan-Kiss, Rachael M., Munroe, Paul, Myrold, David, Neufeld, Josh D., Ni, Yingying, Nicol, Graeme W., Nielsen, Shaun, Nissimov, Jozef I., Niu, Kefeng, Nolan, Matthew J., Noyce, Karen, OBrien, Sarah L., Okamoto, Noriko, Orlando, Ludovic, Castellano, Yadira Ortiz, Osuolale, Olayinka, Oswald, Wyatt, Parnell, Jacob, Peralta-Sanchez, Juan M., Petraitis, Peter, Pfister, Catherine, Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth, Piombino, Paola, Pointing, Stephen B., Pollock, F. Joseph, Potter, Caitlin, Prithiviraj, Bharath, Quince, Christopher, Rani, Asha, Ranjan, Ravi, Rao, Subramanya, Rees, Andrew P., Richardson, Miles, Riebesell, Ulf, Robinson, Carol, Rockne, Karl J., Rodriguezl, Selena Marie, Rohwer, Forest, Roundstone, Wayne, Safran, Rebecca J., Sangwan, Naseer, Sanz, Virginia, Schrenk, Matthew, Schrenzel, Mark D., Scott, Nicole M., Seger, Rita L., Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Seldin, Lucy, Seyler, Lauren M., Shakhsheer, Baddr, Sheets, Gabriela M., Shen, Congcong, Shi, Yu, Shin, Hakdong, Shogan, Benjamin D., Shutler, Dave, Siegel, Jeffrey, Simmons, Steve, Sjoling, Sara, Smith, Daniel P., Soler, Juan J., Sperling, Martin, Steinberg, Peter D., Stephens, Brent, Stevens, Melita A., Taghavi, Safiyh, Tai, Vera, Tait, Karen, Tan, Chia L., Tas, Neslihan, Taylor, D. Lee, Thomas, Torsten, Timling, Ina, Turner, Benjamin L., Urich, Tim, Ursell, Luke K., van der Lelie, Daniel, Van Treuren, William, van Zwieten, Lukas, Vargas-Robles, Daniela, Thurber, Rebecca Vega, Vitaglione, Paola, Walker, Donald A., Walters, William A., Wang, Shi, Wang, Tao, Weaver, Tom, Webster, Nicole S., Wehrle, Beck, Weisenhorn, Pamela, Weiss, Sophie, Werner, Jeffrey J., West, Kristin, Whitehead, Andrew, Whitehead, Susan R., Whittingham, Linda A., Willerslev, Eske, Williams, Allison E., Wood, Stephen A., Woodhams, Douglas C., Yang, Yeqin, Zaneveld, Jesse, Zarraonaindia, Iratxe, Zhang, Qikun, and Zhao, Hongxia
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Biological diversity -- Observations -- Environmental aspects ,Microbial colonies -- Environmental aspects ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Our growing awareness of the microbial worlds importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earths microbial diversity., Author(s): Luke R. Thompson [1, 2, 3]; Jon G. Sanders [1]; Daniel McDonald [1]; Amnon Amir [1]; Joshua Ladau [4]; Kenneth J. Locey [5]; Robert J. Prill [6]; Anupriya Tripathi [...]
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- 2017
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14. The History of SSAR's Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee.
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DEITLOFF, JENNIFER M., ESPINOZA, ROBERT E., and TINGLE, JESSICA L.
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The article focuses on the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in volunteer-driven nonprofit organizations and the benefits they bring, such as creativity and innovation. Topics include the slow progress of DEI efforts in professional societies, the increase in diversity in STEM fields, and the need for fundamental changes in policies and practices to achieve equity and inclusion.
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- 2023
15. Herbivory in Liolaemus poecilochromus, a Small, Cold-Climate Lizard from the Andes of Argentina
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Valdecantos, María Soledad, Arias, Federico, and Espinoza, Robert E.
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- 2012
16. A New Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the Southern Extreme of the Argentine Puna
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Lobo, Fernando, Espinoza, Robert E., Sanabria, Eduardo A., and Quiroga, Lorena B.
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- 2012
17. Taxonomic History of the Iguanian Lizard Liolaemus pictus major Boulenger, with a Re validation of Liolaemus capillitas Hulse
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Espinoza, Robert E., Lobo, Fernando, and Etheridge, Richard
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- 2011
18. Comment On The Proposed Conservation Of Usage Of The Names Phymaturus Gravenhorst, 1837 And Lacerta Palluma Molina, 1782 (Currently Phymaturus Palluma; Reptilia, Sauria) By Designation Of A Neotype For Lacerta Palluma Molina, 1782
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Espinoza, Robert E and BioStor
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- 2003
19. Two New Species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the Puna of Northwestern Argentina
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Abdala, Cristian Simón, Quinteros, Andrés Sebastián, and Espinoza, Robert E.
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- 2008
20. Richard Emmett Etheridge
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Espinoza, Robert E. and de Queiroz, Kevin
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- 2008
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21. Lizards, Lipids, and Dietary Links to Animal Function
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Simandle, Eric T., Espinoza, Robert E., Nussear, Kenneth E., and Tracy, C. Richard
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- 2001
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22. Physiological benefits as precursors of sociality: why banded geckos band
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Lancaster, Jennifer R., Wilson, Paul, and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Soil temperature -- Physiological aspects ,Soils -- Thermal properties ,Soils -- Physiological aspects ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.01.010 Byline: Jennifer R. Lancaster, Paul Wilson, Robert E. Espinoza Abstract: Aggregating has been widely studied in a variety of animals and found to have important benefits in terms of sociality, courtship, predator avoidance and physiology. Several species of nocturnal geckos form diurnal aggregations; however, little is known about the benefits of these groupings. We conducted a series of experiments to determine the benefit of aggregation for the desert-dwelling western banded gecko, Coleonyx variegatus. We found that banded geckos benefit from aggregation by a reduction in evaporative water loss (EWL). No social or mating benefits were detected, and geckos did not group to avoid predators. Geckos did not select diurnal retreat sites based solely on the scent of conspecifics, although they aggregated readily when conspecifics were present. Thus, C. variegatus appear to achieve physiological but not social benefits from grouping. Banded geckos belong to an ancestrally tropical lineage whose descendants invaded present-day North American deserts at a time when these regions were more mesic. This may explain their relatively high rate of EWL. Aggregating seems to be a solution to this physiological handicap. Our study also suggests a path for the evolution of social behaviour: as animals aggregate for physiological benefits, the stage is set for the evolution of more complex social interactions. Author Affiliation: Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, U.S.A. Article History: Received 29 July 2005; Revised 27 September 2005; Accepted 11 January 2006 Article Note: (miscellaneous) MS. number: A10217R
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- 2006
23. Warmer isn't always better: Performance eurythermy in a cold‐climate gecko
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Weeks, Denita M., primary and Espinoza, Robert E., additional
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- 2020
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24. Cyrtodactylus ywanganensis Grismer & Wood & Thura & Quah & Grismer & Murdoch & Espinoza & Lin 2018, sp. nov
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Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L., Thura, Myint Kyaw, Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, Marta S., Murdoch, Matthew L., Espinoza, Robert E., and Lin, Aung
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Reptilia ,Cyrtodactylus ywanganensis ,Cyrtodactylus ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Gekkonidae ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Cyrtodactylus ywanganensis sp. nov. Suggested common name: Ywangan Bent-toed Gecko Fig. 6 Holotype. Adult female LSUHC 13758 collected on 24 October 2017 at 2300 hrs by L. Lee Grismer, Robert E. Espinoza, Matthew L. Murdoch, Myint Kyaw Thura, Evan S. H. Quah, and Tun Oo from 2.7 km southwest of Ywangan, Ywangan Township, Taunggyi District, Shan State, Myanmar (21.14643°N, 96.42178°E; 1157 m in elevation). Paratypes. Adult female paratype LSUHC 13757 bears the same collection data as the holotype. Adult male paratype LSUHC 13712 and subadult male paratype LSUHC 13711 bear the same collection data as the holotype except they were collected on 23 October 2017 at 2200 hrs. Diagnosis. Cyrtodactylus ywanganensis sp. nov. differs from all congeners by having the unique combination of a maximum SVL of 96.1 mm; seven supralabials; six infralabials; 32–35 paravertebral tubercles; 21–25 longitudinal rows of body tubercles; 34–36 ventral scales; relatively long digits with seven or eight expanded subdigital lamellae proximal to the digital inflection on the fourth toe, 12–14 unmodified distal subdigital lamellae, 19–21 total subdigital lamellae; raised, strongly keeled, dorsal body tubercles; tubercles not extending beyond base of tail; enlarged femoral and precloacal scales continuous; enlarged proximal femoral scales equal in size to the enlarged distal femoral scales; 28–30 enlarged femoral scales; 20 femoral pores in male; eight or nine precloacal pores in male; femoral and precloacal pore-bearing scales not continuous; eight or nine enlarged precloacal scales; three rows of enlarged post-precloacal scales; medial subcaudal scales twice as wide as long, not extending onto lateral surface of tail; top of head darkly blotched in adults, no yellow reticulum; nuchal loop not divided medially, pronounced anterior azygous notch, posterior border straight; four jagged, dark, dorsal bands lacking paravertebral elements, wider than interspaces with no lightened centers, edged with yellow tubercles; no band on nape; dark markings in dorsal interspaces; ventrolateral folds not whitish; anterodrosal margins of thighs and brachia darkly pigmented; seven light caudal bands bearing dark markings, encircling tail; seven dark caudal bands wider than light caudal bands; and mature regenerated tail spotted. These characters are scored against all other species in the linnwayensis group (Table 3) and all other Burmese species of the Indochinese clade in Grismer et al. (2017a:Table 8). Description of holotype. Adult female SVL 90.5 mm; head moderate in length (HL/SVL 0.29), wide (HW/HL 0.69), flat (HD/HL 0.38), distinct from neck, triangular in dorsal profile; lores inflated, prefrontal region concave, canthus rostralis rounded; snout elongate (ES/HL 0.43), rounded in dorsal profile, broad in lateral profile; eye large (ED/HL 0.25); ear opening oval, small (EL/HL 0.09); eye to ear distance greater than diameter of eye; rostral rectangular, partially divided dorsally, bordered posteriorly by supranasals and azygous postnasal, laterally by first supralabials; external nares bordered anteriorly by rostral, dorsally by supranasals, posteriorly by two postnasals, and ventrally by first supralabials; 7(R,L) rectangular supralabials extending to below midpoint of eye; 6(R,L) infralabials tapering posteriorly to below orbit; scales of rostrum and lores slightly raised, larger than granular scales on top of head and occiput; scales on top of head and occiput intermixed with small tubercles; dorsal superciliaries weakly pointed and directed posteriorly; mental triangular, bordered laterally by first infralabials and posteriorly by large left and right trapezoidal postmentals which contact medially for 50% of their length posterior to mental; two rows of variably enlarged chinshields bordering all infralabials; gular and throat scales granular, grading posteriorly into larger, subimbricate pectoral and ventral scales. Body relatively short (AGL/SVL 0.43) with well-defined ventrolateral folds; dorsal scales small, raised and interspersed with large, raised, semi-regularly arranged, keeled tubercles; tubercles extend from nape onto base of tail but no farther; tubercles on nape smaller than those on posterior portion of body; 32 paravertebral tubercles; approximately 25 longitudinal rows of dorsal tubercles; 35 flat, subimbricate, ventral scales larger than dorsal scales; nine enlarged precloacal scales; three rows of large, post-precloacal scales; and no deep precloacal groove or depression. Forelimbs moderate in stature, relatively short (FL/SVL 0.17); slightly raised, juxtaposed scales of forearm larger than those on body, intermixed with tubercles; palmar scales slightly raised; digits well-developed, relatively long, inflected at basal, interphalangeal joints; digits much more narrow distal to inflections; widened proximal subdigital lamellae do not extend onto palm; webbing at base of digit; claws well-developed, sheathed by a dorsal and ventral scale at base; hind limbs more robust than forelimbs, moderate in length (TBL/SVL 0.20), covered dorsally by small, raised, juxtaposed scales intermixed with large tubercles and bearing flat, slightly larger scales anteriorly; ventral femoral scales imbricate, larger than dorsals; one row of 15(R,L) enlarged femoral scales in contact with enlarged precloacal scales; enlarged femoral scales nearly equal in size; small, postfemoral scales form an abrupt union with larger, flat ventral scales of posteroventral margin of thigh; subtibial scales flat, imbricate; plantar scales raised; digits relatively long, well-developed, inflected at basal, interphalangeal joints; eight (R,L) transversely expanded subdigital lamellae on fourth toe proximal to joint inflection that do not extend onto sole, 13 (R,L) unmodified subdigital lamellae distal to inflection; and claws well-developed, base of claw sheathed by a dorsal and ventral scale. Tail complete, original, moderate in proportions, 110.0 mm in length, 8.0 mm in width at base, tapering to a point, TL/SVL (1.22); dorsal scales of tail flat; median row of transversely expanded subcaudal scales twice as wide as long, not extending onto lateral subcaudal region; three enlarged postcloacal tubercles at base of tail on hemipenal swellings; and postcloacal scales flat. Coloration in life (Fig. 6). Dorsal ground color of head, body, and limbs brown; top of head and rostrum bearing large dark-brown blotches edged in yellow; superciliary scales yellow; wide, dark-brown, nuchal band edged in yellow, bearing a deep azygous anterior notch and a straight posterior margin; no band on nape; four jagged body bands bearing dark centers, wider than interspaces, not bearing paravertebral elements and edged with yellow tubercles; one dark postsacral band edged with yellow tubercles; interspaces bearing faint, dark markings; thin, yellow, irregularly shaped bands and small spots on limbs; dorsal margins of brachia and thighs darkly pigmented; ventrolateral body folds darkly pigmented; ventral surfaces beige, dusky in appearance; and tail original, bearing seven dark wide caudal bands and seven much narrower white caudal bands with dark markings that encircle tail. Variation (Fig. 6). The paratypes closely resemble the holotype in all aspects of coloration and pattern. Paratypes LSUHC 13712 and 13757 have fully regenerated spotted tails. Subadult male LSUHC 13711 has a broken tail with two very small regenerating sections, is lacking femoral pores, and has less yellow in its color pattern. Additional variation in meristic and mensural characters are presented in Table 4. ......continued on the next page Distribution. Cyrtodactylus ywaganensis sp. nov. is known only from the type locality 2.7 km southwest of Ywangan, Ywangan Township, Taunggyi District, Shan State, Myanmar but is likely to occur in other nearby limestone outcroppings to the west up to the crest of the Shan Plateau before it descends steeply down to the eastern edge of the Ayeyerwady Basin (Fig. 1). Etymology. The specific epithet, ywanganensis, is a noun in apposition in reference to the type locality being near the town of Ywangan, Shan State. Natural history. The region surrounding the type locality of Cyrtodactylus ywanganensis sp. nov. is a generally open, flat, and disturbed landscape with low, short, vegetated karstic ridges and small, isolated, karst outcrops scattered throughout the area (Fig. 7). At the base of some of the karstic ridges are narrow (0.05–1 m across), vertical shafts that extend underground for unknown distances. All specimens collected and observed were near the openings of these shafts. The subadult male LSUHC 13711, was found at night on the face of a karst wall beneath a large overhang immediately above a shaft opening. It retreated into a crack but was coaxed out into the open and captured. Approximately 50 m away, adult male LSUHC 13712 was found the same night at the entrance to another shaft and was captured 2 m below the opening while attempting to escape. Adult female LSUHC 13757 was found in the same place as LSUHC 13711 the next day but lower on the wall below the shaft opening where it was relatively dark. It too was captured as it descended to approximately 3 m down the shaft in an attempt to escape. Another specimen was seen later that day at another shaft opening but was able to escape. The adult female LSUHC 13758 was found at night 2 m above ground level on the narrow branch of a tree growing out of a shaft. It is clear C. ywanganensis sp. nov. is closely associated with these small, karstic, cave-like microhabitats. The depths to which these shafts extend and the extent (if any) of their subterranean connectivity is unknown but clearly these geckos have to be interacting with each other and it is unlikely they are doing so above ground off the karst. From 1800–2400 hrs on two consecutive nights, seven people surveyed several isolated karst outcrops in the open areas that contained cracks and holes suitable for Cyrtodactylus but only Hemidactylus and Hemiphyllodacylus were found. Comparisons. The phylogenetic relationships indicate that Cyrtodactylus ywanganensis sp. nov. is nested within the linnwayensis group. The PCA and DAPC analyses indicate that C. ywanganensis sp. nov. is morphospatially separate from other species of the linnwayensis group along the first three principal components (PC) with PC1 accounting for 41% of the total variation in the data set (Fig. 4; Table 5) and loading most heavily for numbers of paravertebral tubercles (PVT), expanded and total numbers of fourth toe lamellae (TL and TEL), longitudinal rows of tubercles (LRT), body bands (BB), and post-precloacal scale rows (PPS). PC2, which accounts for 18% of the total variation loads most heavily for infralabials (IL) and supralabials (SL). PC 3 accounts for an additional 11% of the total variation and loads most heavily for the number of unmodified toe lamellae (TLN). The ANOVA and Tukey HSD analyses indicate C. ywanganensis sp. nov. has several meristic characters whose mean values differ significantly (p Ẽ 0.05) and discreetly (i.e. no overlap in the range of variation) from the other members of the linnwayensis group (Tables 3, 6). Remarks. Grismer et al. (2017a) left open the possibility that Cyrtodactylus shwetaungorum and C. linnwayensis were conspecific and that their morphological dissimilarities and uncorrected pairwise genetic distance of 10.2% was a result of sampling error. They noted that additional populations from the intervening area would bear significantly on this question. Cyrtodactylus ywanganensis sp. nov. from the intervening area (Fig. 1) is not morphologically intermediate between C. shwetaungorum and C. linnwayensis in any of the significantly different characters except for the number of post-precloacal scale rows (Fig. 5). Additionally, C. ywanganensis sp. nov. is morphospacially unique and does not cluster between the other two species (Fig. 4). Furthermore, C. ywanganensis sp. nov. is more strongly tuberculated, has dorsal bands lacking lightened centers, lacks a lightcolored reticulum on the top of the head, and has seven versus eight or nine light-colored caudal bands. These, along with its 6.5% sequence divergence from its sister species C. linnwayensis, are taken as evidence that these three populations constitute independent, non-reticulating lineages on independent evolutionary trajectories (i.e. they are different species). We believe that based on the color pattern of a fourth population of Cyrtodactylus discovered by Alice Hughes from Kyauk Hnat Cave in the Shan Hills approximately 4.75 km southwest of the Linn Way depression (Fig. 1), that it too is a member of the linnwayensis group and most likely C. linnwayensis. Like all other members of this group, it has the unique combination of an anterior azygous notch in the nuchal loop, no band on the nape, four jagged body bands wider than the interspaces edged with light-colored tubercles, and the body tubercles do not extend past the base of the tail (Fig. 6). species group. Abbreviations are in the Materials and methods.
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- 2018
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25. A new species of crocodile newt Tylototriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) from northern Myanmar (Burma)
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Grismer, L. Lee, primary, Wood, Perry L., additional, Quah, Evan S.H., additional, Thura, Myint Kyaw, additional, Espinoza, Robert E., additional, and Murdoch, Matthew L., additional
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- 2019
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26. Liolaemus xanthoviridis
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Liolaemus xanthoviridis ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus xanthoviridis (n = 7): FML 21259 ��� 65, Chubut Province, Florentino Ameghino Department, 22 km NE of Dos Pozos on Provincial Route 75., Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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27. Liolaemus darwinii
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Liolaemus darwinii ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus darwinii (FML 17104): KP 190033, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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28. Liolaemus inacayali
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Liolaemus inacayali ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus inacayali (FML 13233): KP 190035, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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29. Liolaemus boulengeri
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Liolaemus boulengeri ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus boulengeri (FML 15733): KP 190030, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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30. Liolaemus loboi
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Liolaemus loboi ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus loboi (FML 13254): KP 190037, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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31. Liolaemus canqueli
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus canqueli ,Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus canqueli (MCN 1294): KP 190032, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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32. Liolaemus pipanaco
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Liolaemus pipanaco ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus pipanaco (n = 7): FML 1480, 1501���02, Catamarca Province, Andalgal�� Department, Salar de Pipanaco; FML 18396, Catamarca Province, Andalgal�� Department, pass through Ŕıo Blanco, W of entrance to Salar de Pipanaco, 27 �� 49 ' 23.9 ''S, 65 �� 14 ' 38.2 ''W; FML 19225, Catamarca Province, Andalgal�� Department, Salar de Pipanaco, entrance to Ŕıo Blanco, 36 km S of Andalgal��, 737 m., Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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33. Liolaemus tehuelche
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Liolaemus tehuelche ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus tehuelche (FML 13218): KP 190040, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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34. Liolaemus mapuche
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemus mapuche ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus mapuche (FML 11462): KP 190038, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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35. Liolaemus parthenos Abdala, Baldo, Ju��rez & Espinoza, 2016, new species
- Author
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
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Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Liolaemus parthenos ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus parthenos, new species urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 53 CC 2 C 59 - 2 E 4 D- 41 AA- 8804 - 462 B 90 ABAECC Figures 1���5; Table 1 Liolaemus boulengeri Cei (1973: 464, in part). Liolaemus boulengeri Cei and Roig (1976:71, 87, Map 5, in part). Liolaemus boulengeri Cei and Castro (1978:9, 21, Map 16, in part). Liolaemus boulengeri Cei (1986: 220���221, in part). Liolaemus boulengeri Schulte et al. (2000:79, 87; table 1; figs. 4���6). Liolaemus sp. nov. Morando et al. (2004: 845; table 1���3; figs. 2, 8). Liolaemus sp. Abdala and D��az G��mez (2006: 29; fig. 3). Liolaemus sp. 3. Abdala (2007:51, 55, 57, 60, 77; figs. 32���36). Liolaemus cf. darwinii Pincheira-Donoso et al. (2007: 32; fig. 3). Liolaemus cf. darwinii Schulte (2013: 5; fig. 1). Liolaemus sp. 3 Olave et al. (2014: 329, 331; figs. 4, 6). Holotype.��� FML 16221, adult female, Argentina, Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, collected on the dunes next to El Nihuil Dam on Provincial Route 180, 35�� 2 ' 19.77 ''S, 68 �� 40 ' 12.60 ''W, 1305 m, C. Abdala, J. Abdala, and E. Malovini, January 2001 (Fig. 1). Paratypes.��� FML 16222 ��� 24, same data as holotype; IBAUNC 9772 ���73, 9775��� 77, Argentina, Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, 10 to 60 km S of El Nihuil, 35 �� 7 ' 0.71 ''S, 68 �� 41 ' 4.28 ''W to 35 �� 33 ' 49.47 '' S, 68 �� 41 ' 15.14 ''W, 1400���1600 m, 25 November 1973; IBAUNC 11431 ��� 35, Argentina, Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, Pampa del Diamante, 34 �� 54 ' 44.39 '' S, 68 �� 51 ' 38.58 ''W, 1400 m, 17 February 1975; MHNSR 78���82, Argentina, Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, Club de Pescadores, El Nihuil, 35 �� 2 ' 10.54 ''S, 68 �� 42 ' 33.84 ''W, 1325 m, 1 January 1975. Diagnosis.��� Liolaemus parthenos is the only known triploid unisexual iguanian lizard with the karyotype 3 n = 49 (19 M + 30m). The new species is a member of the L. boulengeri group (Etheridge, 1995; Abdala, 2007), with which it shares a femoral patch of enlarged scales on the posterior thigh. The L. boulengeri group includes the following subclades (Abdala, 2007): L. anomalus, L. darwinii, L. wiegmannii, and L. melanops (= L. telsen group + L. goetschi group), each of which includes several species as described below. Within the L. boulengeri group, L. parthenos is a member of the L. darwinii group (Abdala, 2007), with which it shares the following eight synapomorphies: (1) 14���18 dorsal head scales; (2) 24���28 gulars; (3) tail length/SVL ratio: 1.40���1.65; (4) femur length/ SVL ratio: 0.16���0.20; (5) 1���3 differentiated scales along the lower half of the anterior border of the external auditory meatus; (6) weakly developed longitudinal fold; (7) dark line passing vertically through superciliaries, eye, and subocular; and (8) small prescapular spots. Liolaemus parthenos can be distinguished from species in the L. anomalus group (L. acostai, L. anomalus, L. ditadai, L. lentus, L. millcayac, L. pipanaco, and L. pseudoanomalus) because the new species has a tail that is longer than its body, a head that is longer than wide, and lacks both a palpebral ������comb������ and pterygoid teeth. Liolaemus parthenos can be distinguished from species in the L. wiegmannii group (L. arambarensis, L. azarai, L. cuyumhue, L. lutzae, L. multimaculatus, L. occipitalis, L. rabinoi, L. riojanus, L. salinicola, L. scapularis, and L. wiegmannii) because the new species has a single row of lorilabials between the subocular and the supralabials (2���3 rows in members of the L. wiegmannii group) and four scales around the mental (6 scales in the L. wiegmannii group species). The new species, can be distinguished from species of the L. goetschi group (L. camarones, L. canqueli, L. casamiquelai, L. chehuachekenk, L. cuyanus, L. dumerili, L. fitzingerii, L. goetschi, L. mapuche, L. melanops, L. morenoi, L. puelche, L. rothi, L. sagei, L. shehuen, L. tromen, and L. xanthoviridis) based on its shorter SVL (maximum SVL 63.4 mm vs. 77���106 mm for the aforementioned taxa) and considerably less ventral melanism (except L. rothi and L. sagei). The new species also lacks the cephalic melanism typical of L. canqueli and L. melanops. With respect to L. casamiquelai, L. chehuachekenk, L. fitzingerii, L. morenoi, L. tromen, and L. xanthoviridis, the new species lacks the gular and antihumeral melanic collar that is typical of the aforementioned species. Liolaemus parthenos is distinct from L. cuyanus, L. goetschi, L. josei, L. mapuche, and L. puelche because the new species has four scales in contact with the mental, whereas L. cuyanus has six scales and L. goetschi, L. josei, L. mapuche, and L. puelche have from 4���6 scales in contact with the mental. The new species differs from L. donosobarrosi because the former has fewer scales around the midbody (mean = 57.1; range = 53���61 vs. mean = 85.4; range = 79���95, respectively). Also, the new species has a distinct dorsal pattern of quadrangular paravertebral markings, which distinguishes it from L. rothi, which has irregular markings that are not quadrangular. The new species also has pre- and postscapular spots that are not present in L. rothi. Liolaemus parthenos can be distinguished from species in the L. telsen group (L. boulengeri, L. hermannunezi, L. inacayali, L. loboi, L. martorii, L. purul, L. senguer, L. sitesi, and L. tehuelche) by its lack of gular melanism and dorsolateral bands that are more well defined. The new species differs from L. telsen because the former has less gular melanism, paravertebral markings are more well defined, well-defined dorsolateral bands, and fewer middorsal scales on the trunk (counted from occiput to anterior thigh: mean = 65; range = 61���68 vs. mean = 88.8; range = 83���96, respectively). The new species also differs from L. boulengeri, L. hermannunezi, L. loboi, L. martorii, L. purul, and L. tehuelche because the former has less conspicuous scapular spots. Within the L. darwinii group, L. parthenos is the only species with strongly cuspidate coronas and distally expanded cheek teeth, as well as a unique color pattern for the group. The new species can be further distinguished from members of the L. darwinii group (L. abaucan, L. albiceps, L. calchaqui, L. chacoensis, L. cinereus, L. crepuscularis, L. darwinii, L. diaguita, L. espinozai, L. grosseorum, L. irregularis, L. koslowskyi, L. laurenti, L. lavillai, L. montanezi, L. olongasta, L. ornatus, L. pacha, L. quilmes, and L. uspallatensis) because L. parthenos has a unique pattern of large dark brown or black quadrangular or subquadrangular paravertebral and lateral markings, white dorsolateral stripes, and a white abdomen with small dark spots. Liolaemus parthenos can be further distinguished from L. albiceps, L. calchaqui, L. crepuscularis, L. irregularis, L. lavillai, and L. ornatus because females of the latter three species possess precloacal pores and adult L. albiceps and L. irregularis are considerably larger than L. parthenos (L. parthenos: maximum SVL 63.4 mm vs. 82.5���86.1 mm, respectively). Finally, L. parthenos can be differentiated from L. darwinii because the new species lacks an antehumeral arch and abdominal and femoral melanism. Description of holotype.��� Adult female (Fig. 1). SVL: 59.8 mm. Tail complete, not regenerated: 92.7 mm. Rostral surrounded by 6 scales. Nasal dorsolateral in orientation. Supraoculars: 8. Interparietal smaller than parietals. Lorilabials: 7. Supralabials: 8. Mental surrounded by 4 scales. Infralabials: 5. Temporals: 8, not keeled. Posterior teeth with expanded cusps. Anterior border of auditory meatus with one differentiated scale. Snout blunt in lateral view. Midbody scales: 58. Dorsal scales: 68 from occiput to anterior thigh, laminar, imbricate, and keeled. Lateral neck folds well developed. Gulars: 27. Ventrals: in 21 rows, imbricate, same size as dorsals. Infratarsals and infracarpals imbricate and trifid. Femoral patch well developed. No precloacal pores. Head light brown with two rows of quadrangular dark brown paravertebral marks with white posterior margins. Background of vertebral region dark brown with four lateral markings of same color. Anterior and posterior limbs same color as dorsum. Ventrally, throat variegated with dark brown or black spots; spot density increases posteriorly toward chest, abdomen, limbs, and tail. Measurements of holotype.��� Head 1.2 times longer (11.9 mm) than wide (9.6 mm). Head height: 8.2 mm. Eye diameter: 2.9 mm. Subocular: 3.7 mm. Auditory meatus height: 2.2 mm; width: 1.8 mm. Torso length: 26.8 mm; width: 12.9 mm. Thigh length: 9.9 mm. Upper arm length: 8.2 mm; width: 2.1 mm. Forearm length: 8.3 mm. Hand length: 9.2 mm. Tail length: 92.7 mm. Variation.��� Data from 70 females, unless otherwise noted. Mental in contact with four scales. Infralabials: 5���6. Lorilabials: 6���7, in one row. Interparietal smaller than parietal. Temporals: 8���12. Auditory meatus with 1���3 scales on anterior edge and 0���2 on posterior edge. Neck folds well developed. Gulars: 23���28. Head narrow, longer (mean = 12.1 mm) than wide (mean = 9.4 mm). Neck narrower than head and trunk. Body slender, SVL 36.1���63.4 mm (mean = 56.7 mm). Scales around midbody: 53���61 (mean = 57.1). Dorsal scales between occiput and anterior thigh: 61���68 (mean = 65.0). Dorsal scales laminar, keeled, and imbricate. Infratarsals and infracarpals with imbricate, trifid scales. Femoral patch with 23���30 cone-shaped, mucronate scales. Ventrals: 91���105 (mean = 97.6), larger than dorsals. Precloacal pores absent. Complete tail: 64.3���92.7 mm long (n = 48; mean = 83.3 mm); 1.4���1.6 times longer than SVL. Color variation in life.��� Dorsal head light brown or gray with small black, irregularly distributed scales. Background dorsal color of body usually light brown, but light gray specimens not uncommon. Paravertebral markings square or rectangular, arranged longitudinally to long axis of body and dark brown or dark gray with white posterior margins. Lateral markings same color and form as paravertebral markings, but smaller than paravertebrals in some specimens. Vertebral region dark gray or light brown. Prescapular or postscapular spots less well defined, generally darker than lateral markings, but sometimes indistinguishable from them. Throat, abdomen, and cloaca region white with small irregularly shaped black spots. Ventral spots usually most dense along sides of abdomen. Mental and shield scales usually dark brown, but occasionally dark green. Longitudinal line extending along lateral tail (25���50 % total tail length) splits into small black or dark brown rectangular bars. Color becomes less vibrant, but otherwise does not change appreciably after> 6 mo in preservative (70 % ethanol). Fig. 5. Etymology.��� The specific epithet parthenos is a Greek noun meaning ������virgin������ or ������maiden,������ in reference to the presumed reproductive strategy of this all-female species. Distribution.��� Liolaemus parthenos is known only from the outskirts of El Nihuil, Salinas del Diamante, and from south of El Nihuil on Provincial Route 180 near Sierra El Nevado, San Rafael Department, Mendoza Province, Argentina (1305��� 1600 m; Fig. 2). Natural history.��� Liolaemus parthenos is apparently an allfemale parthenogenetic species. Despite 24 collecting expeditions since 1995 for a total of approximately 650 combined person hours of observing and collecting this species in nature, and after examining more than 300 specimens (note only 65 specimens were collected and preserved because of restrictions imposed by collecting permits), no males were encountered. Thus, the probability of not encountering a male, if this was a bisexual species with an equal population sex ratio, would be 0.5 65 or 2.7 20, an infinitesimally small likelihood. Field observations of active L. parthenos were made from October through February, and again in April. During summer months (December to February), lizards were active only in the morning and afternoon. The shift to bimodal activity apparently helps them avoid the extreme heat of midday. In April (fall), only juveniles were active at midday, indicating seasonal or ontogenetic variation in diel activity. Body temperatures (T bs) from four adult L. parthenos (SVL = 51.8 �� 3.4 mm) collected in the late afternoon of 11 February 1995 along the sandy shore of El Nihuil reservoir averaged 34.6 �� 3.4 ��C, which is similar to the field T bs reported for other low-elevation Liolaemus lizards (Espinoza et al., 2004). Liolaemus parthenos is oviparous and reproduces in summer. Reproductively active females (well-developed eggs in oviducts) were observed in January (n = 5), and nonreproductive females were found in December and February (n = 13). However, in a different year, we found females with oviducts full of developing eggs in December (n = 11). These observations suggest that the reproductive period begins in November and lasts until late January. Liolaemus parthenos is sympatric with the lizards Aurivela longicauda (Teiidae), Diplolaemus sexcinctus and Leiosaurus bellii (Leiosauridae), and two congeneric species: L. gracilis and L. grosseorum. Several species of snakes, which are potential predators of the new species, have also been observed in the area: the dipsadine colubrid snakes Oxyrhopus rhombifer, Philodryas trilineata, and Xenodon semicinctus, as well as the viperid Bothrops ammodytoides. Cytogenetic analysis.��� Liolaemus parthenos has a triploid karyotype with 3 n = 49 chromosomes (19 macrochromosomes + 30 microchromosomes): 17 of the macrochromosomes are biarmed metacentric or submetacentric and two are acrocentric. All the microchromosomes appear to be acro- or telocentric (Fig. 3). Because of their size and morphology, the macrochromosomes clustered into four groups: (1) the two largest pairs almost equal in size, but differing in centromere position (the first metacentric and the second submetacentric); (2) pairs 3 and 4 almost equal in size and morphology (with a centric fission in the haploid homologue of pair 3); (3) pair 5 (submetacentric in two homologues and metacentric in the third); and (4) pair 6, the smallest of the macrochromosomes with metacentric morphology. Only two of the homologous regions of chromosome pair 2 show secondary constrictions and areas with NORs in the telomere of their long arms. Phylogenetic analysis.��� The trees based on Bayesian inference and maximum parsimony were topologically very similar, with sources of conflict occurring solely at nodes that were weakly supported in one or both analyses (Fig. 4). With respect to the new species, both trees strongly supported the placement of L. parthenos in the L. grosseorum clade of the L. boulengeri group: L. boulengeri group (L. chacoensis group (L. laurenti group (L. darwinii group (L. grosseorum clade)))) (Fig. 4). The L. grosseorum clade is also supported by nine morphological synapomorphies (Abdala, 2007). Within the L. grosseorum clade, L. parthenos is in a well-supported yet unresolved clade with L. darwinii (R��o Negro Province) and L. laurenti (Fig. 4 A) or nested within a weakly supported clade containing populations of L. darwinii from the more southern provinces of Mendoza and Ŕıo Negro and those occurring farther north in La Rioja Province, with L. laurenti strongly supported as sister to these four lineages (Fig. 4 B). DISCUSSION Based on previous studies (Schulte et al., 2000; Morando et al., 2004; Pincheira-Donoso et al., 2007; Schulte, 2013) and the phylogenetic hypotheses presented here (Fig. 4), L. parthenos is closely related to L. darwinii and L. laurenti, species that are morphologically typical of the L. darwinii group (Etheridge, 1993; Abdala, 2007). The closest known locality for L. laurenti is approximately 300 km to the north of the type locality of L. parthenos, whereas L. darwinii has a much wider distribution (Abdala, 2007) including a small population that is sympatric with L. parthenos at the type locality of the latter species. It is noteworthy that a similarly proximate distributional association has been reported for a parthenogenetic species of Leiolepis and its matrilineal ancestor (Grismer and Grismer, 2010; Grismer et al., 2014). A close phylogenetic association between L. parthenos and L. darwinii has been reported in previous phylogenetic analyses based on mtDNA. Schulte et al. (2000) recovered L. parthenos (as ������ L. boulengeri ������) in the clade: L. grosseorum (L. darwinii (L. parthenos (L. laurenti))). A phylogeographic analysis of the L. darwinii group conducted by Morando et al. (2004) recovered L. parthenos (as ������ L. sp. nov.������) as the sister taxon to L. laurenti + L. darwinii. Finally, Pincheira-Donoso et al. (2007) recovered L. parthenos (as L. cf. darwinii; SDSU 3469, AF099275) as the sister taxon to L. darwinii in the clade (L. grosseorum (L. darwinii (L. parthenos + L. darwinii from Chubut))). Although L. parthenos is superficially similar to L. boulengeri, these three molecular studies each strongly support the relationships among L. parthenos, L. darwinii, L. laurenti, and L. grosseorum. The most parsimonious interpretation of the triploid karyotype of L. parthenos (Fig. 5) is that the species arose via hybridization. The karyotype of L. parthenos (Fig. 4) has a clear diploid component (12 M + 20m) contributed by one parental species and an additional haploid set (7 M + 10m) provided by the other parental genome (Fig. 5). In the haploid component the two acrocentric macrochromosomes are interpreted as homologs of the two arms (3 p and 3 q) of pair 3 (3 a) in the 2 n set. The 30 microchromosomes of L. parthenos are best interpret, Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on pages 489-494, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580, {"references":["Cei, J. M. 1973. Herpetologia patagonica VII. Notas ecologicas y morfologicas sobre Liolaemus bibroni [sic] y L. boulengeri (Sauria, Iguanidae). Physis 32: 459 - 469.","Cei, J. M., and V. G. Roig. 1976. Fauna y ecosistemas del oeste arido Argentino. I. Reptiles de la Provincia de Mendoza. Deserta 4: 69 - 91.","Cei, J. M., and L. P. Castro. 1978. Atlas de los vertebrados inferiores de la region de Cuyo. Publicaciones Ocasionales del Instituto de Biologia Animal, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Serie Cientifica 2: 1 - 38.","Cei, J. M. 1986. Reptiles del Centro, Centro-oeste y Sur de la Argentina. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino: Monografie 4: 1 - 527.","Schulte, J. A., II, J. R. Macey, R. E. Espinoza, and A. Larson. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships in the iguanid lizard genus Liolaemus: multiple origins of viviparous reproduction and evidence for recurring Andean vicariance and dispersal. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69: 75 - 102.","Morando, M., L. J. Avila, J. Baker, and J. W. Sites, Jr. 2004. Phylogeny and phylogeography of the Liolaemus darwinii complex (Squamata: Liolaemidae): evidence for introgression and incomplete lineage sorting. Evolution 58: 842 - 861.","Abdala, C. S., and J. M. Diaz Gomez´. 2006. A new species of the Liolaemus darwinii group (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Catamarca Province, Argentina. Zootaxa 1317: 21 - 33.","Abdala, C. S. 2007. Phylogeny of the boulengeri group (Iguania: Liolaemidae, Liolaemus) based on morphological and molecular characters. Zootaxa 1538: 1 - 84.","Pincheira-Donoso, D., J. A. Scolaro, and J. A. Schulte, II. 2007. The limits of polymorphism in Liolaemus rothi: molecular and phenotypic evidence for a new species of the Liolaemus boulengeri clade (Iguanidae, Liolaemini) from boreal Patagonia of Chile. Zootaxa 1452: 25 - 42.","Schulte, J. A., II. 2013. Undersampling taxa will underestimate molecular divergence dates: an example from the South American lizard clade Liolaemini. International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2013: 1 - 12.","Olave, M., L. J. Avila, J. W. Sites, Jr., and M. Morando. 2014. Multilocus phylogeny of the widely distributed South American lizard clade Eulaemus (Liolaemini, Liolaemus). Zoologica Scripta 43: 323 - 337.","Espinoza, R. E., J. J. Wiens, and C. R. Tracy. 2004. Recurrent evolution of herbivory in small, cold-climate lizards: breaking the ecophysiological rules of reptilian herbivory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101: 16819 - 16824.","Etheridge, R. 1993. Lizards of the Liolaemus darwinii complex (Squamata: Iguania: Tropiduridae) in northern Argentina. Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino 11: 137 - 199.","Grismer, J. L., and L. L. Grismer. 2010. Who's your mommy? Identifying maternal ancestors of asexual species of Leiolepis Cuvier, 1829 and the description of a new endemic species of asexual Leiolepis Cuvier, 1829 from southern Vietnam. Zootaxa 2433: 47 - 61.","Grismer, J. L., A. M. Bauer, L. L. Grismer, K. Thirakhupt, A. Aowphol, J. R. Oaks, P. L. Wood, Jr., C. K. Onn, N. Thy, M. Cota, and T. Jackman. 2014. Multiple origins of parthenogenesis, and a revised species phylogeny for the Southeast Asian butterfly lizards, Leiolepis. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 113: 1080 - 1093.","Aiassa, D., R. Martori, and N. Gorla. 2005. Citogenetica de los lagartos del genero Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) de A merica del sur. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 18: 23 - 36.","Vrijenhoek, R. C., R. M. Dawley, C. J. Cole, and J. P. Bogart. 1989. A list of the known unisexual vertebrates, p. 19 - 23. In: Evolution and Ecology of Unisexual Vertebrates. R. M. Dawley and J. P. Bogart (eds.). New York State Museum Bulletin 466, New York.","Kraus, F. 1995. The conservation of unisexual vertebrate populations. Conservation Biology 9: 956 - 959.","Schmidt, B. R. 1996. Sexual and asexual reproduction in vertebrates. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 11: 253 - 254.","Avise, J. C. 2008. Clonality: The Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution of Sexual Abstinence in Vertebrate Animals. Oxford University Press, New York.","Lamborot, M. 2008. Evolucion cromosomica en reptiles, p. 161 - 193. In: Herpetologia de Chile. M. A. Vidal Maldonado and A. Labra Lillo (eds.). Science Verlag, Santiago, Chile.","Neaves, W. B., and P. Baumann. 2011. Unisexual reproduction in vertebrates. Trends in Genetics 27: 81 - 88.","Lamborot, M., and M. Vasquez. 1998. A triploid lizard (Liolaemus gravenhorsti) [sic] from Chile. Journal of Herpetology 32: 617 - 620.","Lamborot, M., M. E. Manzur, and E. Alvarez-Sarret. 2006. Triploidy and mosaicism in Liolaemus chiliensis (Sauria: Tropiduridae). Genome 49: 445 - 453.","Wright, J. W., and C. H. Lowe. 1968. Weeds, polyploids, parthenogenesis, and geographical and ecological distribution of all-female species of Cnemidophorus. Copeia 1968: 128 - 138.","Darevsky, I. S., L. A. Kupriyanova, and T. Uzzell. 1985. Parthenogenesis in reptiles, p. 411 - 526. In: Biology of the Reptilia, Volume 15. C. Gans and F. Billett (eds.). J. Wiley & Sons, New York.","Beukeboom, L. W., and R. C. Vrijenhoek. 1998. Evolutionary genetics and ecology of sperm-dependent parthenogenesis. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 11: 755 - 782."]}
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- 2016
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36. Liolaemus shehuen
- Author
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Cristi��n S. Abdala, Baldo, Diego, Ju��rez, Ricardo A., and Espinoza, Robert E.
- Subjects
Liolaemus shehuen ,Liolaemus ,Reptilia ,Squamata ,Animalia ,Liolaemidae ,Biodiversity ,Chordata ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Liolaemus shehuen (n = 8): FML 22191 ��� 95, Chubut Province, Telsen Department, 60 km W of Telsen; FML 22217 ��� 19, Chubut Province, Telsen Department, 80 km W of Telsen., Published as part of Cristi��n S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Ju��rez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
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- 2016
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37. A new species of Crocodile Newt Tylototriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Shan State, Myanmar (Burma)
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GRISMER, L. LEE, primary, WOOD, PERRY L. JUNIOR, additional, QUAH, EVAN S. H., additional, THURA, MYINT KYAW, additional, ESPINOZA, ROBERT E., additional, GRISMER, MARTA S., additional, MURDOCH, MATTHEW L., additional, and LIN, AUNG, additional
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- 2018
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38. A phylogenetic taxonomy of theCyrtodactylus peguensisgroup (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) with descriptions of two new species from Myanmar
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Grismer, L. Lee, primary, Wood, Perry L., additional, Quah, Evan S.H., additional, Murdoch, Matthew L., additional, Grismer, Marta S., additional, Herr, Mark W., additional, Espinoza, Robert E., additional, Brown, Rafe M., additional, and Lin, Aung, additional
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- 2018
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39. A new Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from the Shan Hills and the biogeography of Bent-toed Geckos from eastern Myanmar
- Author
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GRISMER, L. LEE, primary, WOOD, PERRY L. JR., additional, THURA, MYINT KYAW, additional, QUAH, EVAN S. H., additional, GRISMER, MARTA S., additional, MURDOCH, MATTHEW L., additional, ESPINOZA, ROBERT E., additional, and LIN, AUNG, additional
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- 2018
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40. A communal catalogue reveals Earth's multiscale microbial diversity
- Author
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Biological Sciences, Thompson, Luke R., Sanders, Jon G., McDonald, Daniel, Amir, Amnon, Ladau, Joshua, Locey, Kenneth J., Prill, Robert J., Tripathi, Anupriya, Gibbons, Sean M., Ackermann, Gail, Navas-Molina, Jose A., Janssen, Stefan, Kopylova, Evguenia, Vazquez-Baeza, Yoshiki, Gonzalez, Antonio, Morton, James T., Mirarab, Siavash, Xu, Zhenjiang Zech, Jiang, Lingjing, Haroon, Mohamed F., Kanbar, Jad, Zhu, Qiyun, Song, Se Jin, Kosciolek, Tomasz, Bokulich, Nicholas A., Lefler, Joshua, Brislawn, Colin J., Humphrey, Gregory, Owens, Sarah M., Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad, Berg-Lyons, Donna, McKenzie, Valerie, Fierer, Noah, Fuhrman, Jed A., Clauset, Aaron, Stevens, Rick L., Shade, Ashley, Pollard, Katherine S., Goodwin, Kelly D., Jansson, Janet K., Gilbert, Jack A., Knight, Rob, Rivera, Jose L. Agosto, Al-Moosawi, Lisa, Alverdy, John, Amato, Katherine R., Andras, Jason, Angenent, Largus T., Antonopoulos, Dionysios A., Apprill, Amy, Armitage, David, Ballantine, Kate, Barta, Jiri, Baum, Julia K., Berry, Allison, Bhatnagar, Ashish, Bhatnagar, Monica, Biddle, Jennifer F., Bittner, Lucie, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bottos, Eric M., Boyer, Donal M., Braun, Josephine, Brazelton, William, Brearley, Francis Q., Campbell, Alexandra H., Caporaso, J. Gregory, Cardona, Cesar, Carroll, JoLynn, Cary, S. Craig, Casper, Brenda B., Charles, Trevor C., Chu, Haiyan, Claar, Danielle C., Clark, Robert G., Clayton, Jonathan B., Clemente, Jose C., Cochran, Alyssa, Coleman, Maureen L., Collins, Gavin, Colwell, Rita R., Contreras, Monica, Crary, Benjamin B., Creer, Simon, Cristol, Daniel A., Crump, Byron C., Cui, Duoying, Daly, Sarah E., Davalos, Liliana, Dawson, Russell D., Defazio, Jennifer, Delsuc, Frederic, Dionisi, Hebe M., Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria, Dowell, Robin, Dubinsky, Eric A., Dunn, Peter O., Ercolini, Danilo, Espinoza, Robert E., Ezenwa, Vanessa, Fenner, Nathalie, Findlay, Helen S., Fleming, Irma D., Fogliano, Vincenzo, Forsman, Anna, Freeman, Chris, Friedman, Elliot S., Galindo, Giancarlo, Garcia, Liza, Alexandra Garcia-Amado, Maria, Garshelis, David, Gasser, Robin B., Gerdts, Gunnar, Gibson, Molly K., Gifford, Isaac, Gill, Ryan T., Giray, Tugrul, Gittel, Antje, Golyshin, Peter, Gong, Donglai, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guyton, Kristina, Haig, Sarah-Jane, Hale, Vanessa, Hall, Ross Stephen, Hallam, Steven J., Handley, Kim M., Hasan, Nur A., Haydon, Shane R., Hickman, Jonathan E., Hidalgo, Glida, Hofmockel, Kirsten S., Hooker, Jeff, Hulth, Stefan, Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Embriette, Ibanez-Alamo, Juan Diego, Jastrow, Julie D., Jex, Aaron R., Johnson, L. Scott, Johnston, Eric R., Joseph, Stephen, Jurburg, Stephanie D., Jurelevicius, Diogo, Karlsson, Anders, Karlsson, Roger, Kauppinen, Seth, Kellogg, Colleen T. E., Kennedy, Suzanne J., Kerkhof, Lee J., King, Gary M., Kling, George W., Koehler, Anson V., Krezalek, Monika, Kueneman, Jordan G., Lamendella, Regina, Landon, Emily M., Lane-deGraaf, Kelly, LaRoche, Julie, Larsen, Peter, Laverock, Bonnie, Lax, Simon, Lentino, Miguel, Levin, Iris I., Liancourt, Pierre, Liang, Wenju, Linz, Alexandra M., Lipson, David A., Liu, Yongqin, Lladser, Manuel E., Lozada, Mariana, Spirito, Catherine M., MacCormack, Walter P., MacRae-Crerar, Aurora, Magris, Magda, Martin-Platero, Antonio M., Martin-Vivaldi, Manuel, Margarita Martinez, L., Martinez-Bueno, Manuel, Marzinelli, Ezequiel M., Mason, Olivia U., Mayer, Gregory D., McDevitt-Irwin, Jamie M., McDonald, James E., McGuire, Krista L., McMahon, Katherine D., McMinds, Ryan, Medina, Monica, Mendelson, Joseph R., III, Metcalf, Jessica L., Meyer, Folker, Michelangeli, Fabian, Miller, Kim, Mills, David A., Minich, Jeremiah, Mocali, Stefano, Moitinho-Silva, Lucas, Moore, Anni, Morgan-Kiss, Rachael M., Munroe, Paul, Myrold, David, Neufeld, Josh D., Ni, Yingying, Nicol, Graeme W., Nielsen, Shaun, Nissimov, Jozef I., Niu, Kefeng, Nolan, Matthew J., Noyce, Karen, O'Brien, Sarah L., Okamoto, Noriko, Orlando, Ludovic, Castellano, Yadira Ortiz, Osuolale, Olayinka, Oswald, Wyatt, Parnell, Jacob, Peralta-Sanchez, Juan M., Petraitis, Peter, Pfister, Catherine, Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth, Piombino, Paola, Pointing, Stephen B., Pollock, F. Joseph, Potter, Caitlin, Prithiviraj, Bharath, Quince, Christopher, Rani, Asha, Ranjan, Ravi, Rao, Subramanya, Rees, Andrew P., Richardson, Miles, Riebesell, Ulf, Robinson, Carol, Rockne, Karl J., Rodriguezl, Selena Marie, Rohwer, Forest, Roundstone, Wayne, Safran, Rebecca J., Sangwan, Naseer, Sanz, Virginia, Schrenk, Matthew, Schrenzel, Mark D., Scott, Nicole M., Seger, Rita L., Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Seldin, Lucy, Seyler, Lauren M., Shakhsheer, Baddr, Sheets, Gabriela M., Shen, Congcong, Shi, Yu, Shin, Hakdong, Shogan, Benjamin D., Shutler, Dave, Siegel, Jeffrey, Simmons, Steve, Sjoling, Sara, Smith, Daniel P., Soler, Juan J., Sperling, Martin, Steinberg, Peter D., Stephens, Brent, Stevens, Melita A., Taghavi, Safiyh, Tai, Vera, Tait, Karen, Tan, Chia L., Tas, Neslihan, Taylor, D. Lee, Thomas, Torsten, Timling, Ina, Turner, Benjamin L., Urich, Tim, Ursell, Luke K., van der Lelie, Daniel, Van Treuren, William, van Zwieten, Lukas, Vargas-Robles, Daniela, Thurber, Rebecca Vega, Vitaglione, Paola, Walker, Donald A., Walters, William A., Wang, Shi, Wang, Tao, Weaver, Tom, Webster, Nicole S., Wehrle, Beck, Weisenhorn, Pamela, Weiss, Sophie, Werner, Jeffrey J., West, Kristin, Whitehead, Andrew, Whitehead, Susan R., Whittingham, Linda A., Willerslev, Eske, Williams, Allison E., Wood, Stephen A., Woodhams, Douglas C., Yang, Yeqin, Zaneveld, Jesse, Zarraonaindia, Iratxe, Zhang, Qikun, Zhao, Hongxia, Biological Sciences, Thompson, Luke R., Sanders, Jon G., McDonald, Daniel, Amir, Amnon, Ladau, Joshua, Locey, Kenneth J., Prill, Robert J., Tripathi, Anupriya, Gibbons, Sean M., Ackermann, Gail, Navas-Molina, Jose A., Janssen, Stefan, Kopylova, Evguenia, Vazquez-Baeza, Yoshiki, Gonzalez, Antonio, Morton, James T., Mirarab, Siavash, Xu, Zhenjiang Zech, Jiang, Lingjing, Haroon, Mohamed F., Kanbar, Jad, Zhu, Qiyun, Song, Se Jin, Kosciolek, Tomasz, Bokulich, Nicholas A., Lefler, Joshua, Brislawn, Colin J., Humphrey, Gregory, Owens, Sarah M., Hampton-Marcell, Jarrad, Berg-Lyons, Donna, McKenzie, Valerie, Fierer, Noah, Fuhrman, Jed A., Clauset, Aaron, Stevens, Rick L., Shade, Ashley, Pollard, Katherine S., Goodwin, Kelly D., Jansson, Janet K., Gilbert, Jack A., Knight, Rob, Rivera, Jose L. Agosto, Al-Moosawi, Lisa, Alverdy, John, Amato, Katherine R., Andras, Jason, Angenent, Largus T., Antonopoulos, Dionysios A., Apprill, Amy, Armitage, David, Ballantine, Kate, Barta, Jiri, Baum, Julia K., Berry, Allison, Bhatnagar, Ashish, Bhatnagar, Monica, Biddle, Jennifer F., Bittner, Lucie, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bottos, Eric M., Boyer, Donal M., Braun, Josephine, Brazelton, William, Brearley, Francis Q., Campbell, Alexandra H., Caporaso, J. Gregory, Cardona, Cesar, Carroll, JoLynn, Cary, S. Craig, Casper, Brenda B., Charles, Trevor C., Chu, Haiyan, Claar, Danielle C., Clark, Robert G., Clayton, Jonathan B., Clemente, Jose C., Cochran, Alyssa, Coleman, Maureen L., Collins, Gavin, Colwell, Rita R., Contreras, Monica, Crary, Benjamin B., Creer, Simon, Cristol, Daniel A., Crump, Byron C., Cui, Duoying, Daly, Sarah E., Davalos, Liliana, Dawson, Russell D., Defazio, Jennifer, Delsuc, Frederic, Dionisi, Hebe M., Dominguez-Bello, Maria Gloria, Dowell, Robin, Dubinsky, Eric A., Dunn, Peter O., Ercolini, Danilo, Espinoza, Robert E., Ezenwa, Vanessa, Fenner, Nathalie, Findlay, Helen S., Fleming, Irma D., Fogliano, Vincenzo, Forsman, Anna, Freeman, Chris, Friedman, Elliot S., Galindo, Giancarlo, Garcia, Liza, Alexandra Garcia-Amado, Maria, Garshelis, David, Gasser, Robin B., Gerdts, Gunnar, Gibson, Molly K., Gifford, Isaac, Gill, Ryan T., Giray, Tugrul, Gittel, Antje, Golyshin, Peter, Gong, Donglai, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Guyton, Kristina, Haig, Sarah-Jane, Hale, Vanessa, Hall, Ross Stephen, Hallam, Steven J., Handley, Kim M., Hasan, Nur A., Haydon, Shane R., Hickman, Jonathan E., Hidalgo, Glida, Hofmockel, Kirsten S., Hooker, Jeff, Hulth, Stefan, Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Embriette, Ibanez-Alamo, Juan Diego, Jastrow, Julie D., Jex, Aaron R., Johnson, L. Scott, Johnston, Eric R., Joseph, Stephen, Jurburg, Stephanie D., Jurelevicius, Diogo, Karlsson, Anders, Karlsson, Roger, Kauppinen, Seth, Kellogg, Colleen T. E., Kennedy, Suzanne J., Kerkhof, Lee J., King, Gary M., Kling, George W., Koehler, Anson V., Krezalek, Monika, Kueneman, Jordan G., Lamendella, Regina, Landon, Emily M., Lane-deGraaf, Kelly, LaRoche, Julie, Larsen, Peter, Laverock, Bonnie, Lax, Simon, Lentino, Miguel, Levin, Iris I., Liancourt, Pierre, Liang, Wenju, Linz, Alexandra M., Lipson, David A., Liu, Yongqin, Lladser, Manuel E., Lozada, Mariana, Spirito, Catherine M., MacCormack, Walter P., MacRae-Crerar, Aurora, Magris, Magda, Martin-Platero, Antonio M., Martin-Vivaldi, Manuel, Margarita Martinez, L., Martinez-Bueno, Manuel, Marzinelli, Ezequiel M., Mason, Olivia U., Mayer, Gregory D., McDevitt-Irwin, Jamie M., McDonald, James E., McGuire, Krista L., McMahon, Katherine D., McMinds, Ryan, Medina, Monica, Mendelson, Joseph R., III, Metcalf, Jessica L., Meyer, Folker, Michelangeli, Fabian, Miller, Kim, Mills, David A., Minich, Jeremiah, Mocali, Stefano, Moitinho-Silva, Lucas, Moore, Anni, Morgan-Kiss, Rachael M., Munroe, Paul, Myrold, David, Neufeld, Josh D., Ni, Yingying, Nicol, Graeme W., Nielsen, Shaun, Nissimov, Jozef I., Niu, Kefeng, Nolan, Matthew J., Noyce, Karen, O'Brien, Sarah L., Okamoto, Noriko, Orlando, Ludovic, Castellano, Yadira Ortiz, Osuolale, Olayinka, Oswald, Wyatt, Parnell, Jacob, Peralta-Sanchez, Juan M., Petraitis, Peter, Pfister, Catherine, Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth, Piombino, Paola, Pointing, Stephen B., Pollock, F. Joseph, Potter, Caitlin, Prithiviraj, Bharath, Quince, Christopher, Rani, Asha, Ranjan, Ravi, Rao, Subramanya, Rees, Andrew P., Richardson, Miles, Riebesell, Ulf, Robinson, Carol, Rockne, Karl J., Rodriguezl, Selena Marie, Rohwer, Forest, Roundstone, Wayne, Safran, Rebecca J., Sangwan, Naseer, Sanz, Virginia, Schrenk, Matthew, Schrenzel, Mark D., Scott, Nicole M., Seger, Rita L., Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Seldin, Lucy, Seyler, Lauren M., Shakhsheer, Baddr, Sheets, Gabriela M., Shen, Congcong, Shi, Yu, Shin, Hakdong, Shogan, Benjamin D., Shutler, Dave, Siegel, Jeffrey, Simmons, Steve, Sjoling, Sara, Smith, Daniel P., Soler, Juan J., Sperling, Martin, Steinberg, Peter D., Stephens, Brent, Stevens, Melita A., Taghavi, Safiyh, Tai, Vera, Tait, Karen, Tan, Chia L., Tas, Neslihan, Taylor, D. Lee, Thomas, Torsten, Timling, Ina, Turner, Benjamin L., Urich, Tim, Ursell, Luke K., van der Lelie, Daniel, Van Treuren, William, van Zwieten, Lukas, Vargas-Robles, Daniela, Thurber, Rebecca Vega, Vitaglione, Paola, Walker, Donald A., Walters, William A., Wang, Shi, Wang, Tao, Weaver, Tom, Webster, Nicole S., Wehrle, Beck, Weisenhorn, Pamela, Weiss, Sophie, Werner, Jeffrey J., West, Kristin, Whitehead, Andrew, Whitehead, Susan R., Whittingham, Linda A., Willerslev, Eske, Williams, Allison E., Wood, Stephen A., Woodhams, Douglas C., Yang, Yeqin, Zaneveld, Jesse, Zarraonaindia, Iratxe, Zhang, Qikun, and Zhao, Hongxia
- Abstract
Our growing awareness of the microbial world's importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earth's microbial diversity.
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- 2017
41. The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-femaleLiolaemus(Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina
- Author
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Abdala, Cristián S., primary, Baldo, Diego, additional, Juárez, Ricardo A., additional, and Espinoza, Robert E., additional
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- 2016
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42. A phylogenetic taxonomy of the Cyrtodactylus peguensis group (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) with descriptions of two new species from Myanmar.
- Author
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Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Quah, Evan S. H., Murdoch, Matthew L., Grismer, Marta S., Herr, Mark W., Espinoza, Robert E., Brown, Rafe M., and Aung Lin
- Subjects
CLADISTIC analysis ,GECKOS ,NADH dehydrogenase ,SQUAMATA ,SPECIES ,REPTILES - Abstract
A phylogenetic taxonomy of species in the Cyrtodactylus peguensis group from the Ayeyarwady Basin of Myanmar is constructed based on color pattern, morphology, and molecular systematic analyses using the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2. Newly collected samples from the type locality of C. peguensis and other localities indicate that this clade is endemic to central Myanmar and contains at least seven species, four of which are undescribed. Three species, including C. peguensis occur in the low hills of the Bago Yoma Range within the central portion of the Ayeyarwady Basin. Two of these, C. myintkyawthurai sp. nov. from the northern and central Bago Yoma and C. meersi sp. nov. which is syntopic with C. peguensis in the southern Bago Yoma are described herein. As more lowland hilly areas bordering, and within the Ayeyarwady Basin are surveyed, more new species of this group are likely to be discovered. These discoveries continue the recent surge of descriptions of new species of Cyrtodactylus that are being discovered in Myanmar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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43. The conservation status of the world’s reptiles
- Author
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Böhm, Monika, Collen, Ben, Baillie, Jonathan E. M., Bowles, Philip, Chanson, Janice, Cox, Neil, Hammerson, Geoffrey, Hoffmann, Michael, Livingstone, Suzanne R., Ram, Mala, Rhodin, Anders G. J., Stuart, Simon N., van Dijk, Peter Paul, Young, Bruce E., Afuang, Leticia E., Aghasyan, Aram, García, Andrés, Aguilar, César, Ajtic, Rastko, Akarsu, Ferdi, Alencar, Laura R. V., Allison, Allen, Ananjeva, Natalia, Anderson, Steve, Andrén, Claes, Ariano-Sánchez, Daniel, Arredondo, Juan Camilo, Auliya, Mark, Austin, Christopher C., Avci, Aziz, Baker, Patrick J., Barreto-Lima, André F., Barrio-Amorós, César L., Basu, Dhruvayothi, Bates, Michael F., Batistella, Alexandre, Bauer, Aaron, Bennett, Daniel, Böhme, Wolfgang, Broadley, Don, Brown, Rafe, Burgess, Joseph, Captain, Ashok, Carreira, Santiago, Castañeda, Maria del Rosario, Castro, Fernando, Catenazzi, Alessandro, Cedeño-Vázquez, José R., Chapple, David G., Cheylan, Marc, Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Cogalniceanu, Dan, Cogger, Hal, Corti, Claudia, Costa, Gabriel C., Couper, Patrick J., Courtney, Tony, Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Jelka, Crochet, Pierre-André, Crother, Brian, Cruz, Felix, Daltry, Jennifer C., Daniels, R. J. Ranjit, Das, Indraneil, de Silva, Anslem, Diesmos, Arvin C., Dirksen, Lutz, Doan, Tiffany M., Dodd Jr, C. Kenneth, Doody, J. Sean, Dorcas, Michael E., Duarte de Barros Filho, Jose, Egan, Vincent T., El Mouden, El Hassan, Embert, Dirk, Espinoza, Robert E., Fallabrino, Alejandro, Feng, Xie, Feng, Zhao-Jun, Fitzgerald, Lee, Flores-Villela, Oscar, França, Frederico G. R., Frost, Darrell, Gadsden, Hector, Gamble, Tony, Ganesh, S. R., Garcia, Miguel A., García-Pérez, Juan E., Gatus, Joey, Gaulke, Maren, Geniez, Philippe, Georges, Arthur, Gerlach, Justin, Goldberg, Stephen, Gonzalez, Juan-Carlos T., Gower, David J., Grant, Tandora, Greenbaum, Eli, Grieco, Cristina, Guo, Peng, Hamilton, Alison M., Hare, Kelly, Hedges, S. Blair, Heideman, Neil, Hilton-Taylor, Craig, Hitchmough, Rod, Hollingsworth, Bradford, Hutchinson, Mark, Ineich, Ivan, Iverson, John, Jaksic, Fabian M., Jenkins, Richard, Joger, Ulrich, Jose, Reizl, Kaska, Yakup, Kaya, Uğur, Keogh, J. Scott, Köhler, Gunther, Kuchling, Gerald, Kumlutaş, Yusuf, Kwet, Axel, La Marca, Enrique, Lamar, William, Lane, Amanda, Lardner, Bjorn, Latta, Craig, Latta, Gabrielle, Lau, Michael, Lavin, Pablo, Lawson, Dwight, LeBreton, Matthew, Lehr, Edgar, Limpus, Duncan, Lipczynski, Nicola, Lobo, Aaron S., López-Luna, Marco A., Luiselli, Luca, Lukoschek, Vimoksalehi, Lundberg, Mikael, Lymberakis, Petros, Macey, Robert, Magnusson, William E., Mahler, D. Luke, Malhotra, Anita, Mariaux, Jean, Maritz, Bryan, Marques, Otavio A. V., Márquez, Rafael, Martins, Marcio, Masterson, Gavin, Mateo, José A., Mathew, Rosamma, Mathews, Nixon, Mayer, Gregory, McCranie, James R., Measey, G. John, Mendoza-Quijano, Fernando, Menegon, Michele, Métrailler, Sébastien, Milton, David A., Montgomery, Chad, Morato, Sérgio A. A., Mott, Tami, Muñoz-Alonso, Antonio, Murphy, John, Nguyen, Truong Q., Nilson, Göran, Nogueira, Cristiano, Núñez, Herman, Orlov, Nikolai, Ota, Hidetoshi, Ottenwalder, José, Papenfuss, Theodore, Pasachnik, Stesha, Passos, Paulo, Pauwels, Olivier S. G., Pérez-Buitrago, Néstor, Pérez-Mellado, Valentín, Pianka, Eric R., Pleguezuelos, Juan, Pollock, Caroline, Ponce-Campos, Paulino, Powell, Robert, Pupin, Fabio, Quintero Díaz, Gustavo E., Radder, Raju, Ramer, Jan, Rasmussen, Arne R., Raxworthy, Chris, Reynolds, Robert, Richman, Nadia, Rico, Edmund L., Riservato, Elisa, Rivas, Gilson, da Rocha, Pedro L. B., Rödel, Mark-Oliver, Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes, Roosenburg, Willem M., Ross, James P., Sadek, Riyad, Sanders, Kate, Santos-Barrera, Georgina, Schleich, Hermann H., Schmidt, Benedikt R., Schmitz, Andreas, Sharifi, Mozafar, Shea, Glenn, Shi, Hai-Tao, Shine, Richard, Sindaco, Roberto, Slimani, Tahar, Somaweera, Ruchira, Spawls, Steve, Stafford, Peter, Stuebing, Rob, Sweet, Sam, Sy, Emerson, Temple, Helen J., Tognelli, Marcelo F., Tolley, Krystal, Tolson, Peter J., Tuniyev, Boris, Tuniyev, Sako, Üzüm, Nazan, van Buurt, Gerard, Van Sluys, Monique, Velasco, Alvaro, Vences, Miguel, Veselý, Milan, Vinke, Sabine, Vinke, Thomas, Vogel, Gernot, Vogrin, Milan, Vogt, Richard C., Wearn, Oliver R., Werner, Yehudah L., Whiting, Martin J., Wiewandt, Thomas, Wilkinson, John, Wilson, Byron, Wren, Sally, Zamin, Tara, Zhou, Kaiya, Zug, George, Böhm, Monika, Collen, Ben, Baillie, Jonathan E. M., Bowles, Philip, Chanson, Janice, Cox, Neil, Hammerson, Geoffrey, Hoffmann, Michael, Livingstone, Suzanne R., Ram, Mala, Rhodin, Anders G. J., Stuart, Simon N., van Dijk, Peter Paul, Young, Bruce E., Afuang, Leticia E., Aghasyan, Aram, García, Andrés, Aguilar, César, Ajtic, Rastko, Akarsu, Ferdi, Alencar, Laura R. V., Allison, Allen, Ananjeva, Natalia, Anderson, Steve, Andrén, Claes, Ariano-Sánchez, Daniel, Arredondo, Juan Camilo, Auliya, Mark, Austin, Christopher C., Avci, Aziz, Baker, Patrick J., Barreto-Lima, André F., Barrio-Amorós, César L., Basu, Dhruvayothi, Bates, Michael F., Batistella, Alexandre, Bauer, Aaron, Bennett, Daniel, Böhme, Wolfgang, Broadley, Don, Brown, Rafe, Burgess, Joseph, Captain, Ashok, Carreira, Santiago, Castañeda, Maria del Rosario, Castro, Fernando, Catenazzi, Alessandro, Cedeño-Vázquez, José R., Chapple, David G., Cheylan, Marc, Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Cogalniceanu, Dan, Cogger, Hal, Corti, Claudia, Costa, Gabriel C., Couper, Patrick J., Courtney, Tony, Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Jelka, Crochet, Pierre-André, Crother, Brian, Cruz, Felix, Daltry, Jennifer C., Daniels, R. J. Ranjit, Das, Indraneil, de Silva, Anslem, Diesmos, Arvin C., Dirksen, Lutz, Doan, Tiffany M., Dodd Jr, C. Kenneth, Doody, J. Sean, Dorcas, Michael E., Duarte de Barros Filho, Jose, Egan, Vincent T., El Mouden, El Hassan, Embert, Dirk, Espinoza, Robert E., Fallabrino, Alejandro, Feng, Xie, Feng, Zhao-Jun, Fitzgerald, Lee, Flores-Villela, Oscar, França, Frederico G. R., Frost, Darrell, Gadsden, Hector, Gamble, Tony, Ganesh, S. R., Garcia, Miguel A., García-Pérez, Juan E., Gatus, Joey, Gaulke, Maren, Geniez, Philippe, Georges, Arthur, Gerlach, Justin, Goldberg, Stephen, Gonzalez, Juan-Carlos T., Gower, David J., Grant, Tandora, Greenbaum, Eli, Grieco, Cristina, Guo, Peng, Hamilton, Alison M., Hare, Kelly, Hedges, S. Blair, Heideman, Neil, Hilton-Taylor, Craig, Hitchmough, Rod, Hollingsworth, Bradford, Hutchinson, Mark, Ineich, Ivan, Iverson, John, Jaksic, Fabian M., Jenkins, Richard, Joger, Ulrich, Jose, Reizl, Kaska, Yakup, Kaya, Uğur, Keogh, J. Scott, Köhler, Gunther, Kuchling, Gerald, Kumlutaş, Yusuf, Kwet, Axel, La Marca, Enrique, Lamar, William, Lane, Amanda, Lardner, Bjorn, Latta, Craig, Latta, Gabrielle, Lau, Michael, Lavin, Pablo, Lawson, Dwight, LeBreton, Matthew, Lehr, Edgar, Limpus, Duncan, Lipczynski, Nicola, Lobo, Aaron S., López-Luna, Marco A., Luiselli, Luca, Lukoschek, Vimoksalehi, Lundberg, Mikael, Lymberakis, Petros, Macey, Robert, Magnusson, William E., Mahler, D. Luke, Malhotra, Anita, Mariaux, Jean, Maritz, Bryan, Marques, Otavio A. V., Márquez, Rafael, Martins, Marcio, Masterson, Gavin, Mateo, José A., Mathew, Rosamma, Mathews, Nixon, Mayer, Gregory, McCranie, James R., Measey, G. John, Mendoza-Quijano, Fernando, Menegon, Michele, Métrailler, Sébastien, Milton, David A., Montgomery, Chad, Morato, Sérgio A. A., Mott, Tami, Muñoz-Alonso, Antonio, Murphy, John, Nguyen, Truong Q., Nilson, Göran, Nogueira, Cristiano, Núñez, Herman, Orlov, Nikolai, Ota, Hidetoshi, Ottenwalder, José, Papenfuss, Theodore, Pasachnik, Stesha, Passos, Paulo, Pauwels, Olivier S. G., Pérez-Buitrago, Néstor, Pérez-Mellado, Valentín, Pianka, Eric R., Pleguezuelos, Juan, Pollock, Caroline, Ponce-Campos, Paulino, Powell, Robert, Pupin, Fabio, Quintero Díaz, Gustavo E., Radder, Raju, Ramer, Jan, Rasmussen, Arne R., Raxworthy, Chris, Reynolds, Robert, Richman, Nadia, Rico, Edmund L., Riservato, Elisa, Rivas, Gilson, da Rocha, Pedro L. B., Rödel, Mark-Oliver, Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes, Roosenburg, Willem M., Ross, James P., Sadek, Riyad, Sanders, Kate, Santos-Barrera, Georgina, Schleich, Hermann H., Schmidt, Benedikt R., Schmitz, Andreas, Sharifi, Mozafar, Shea, Glenn, Shi, Hai-Tao, Shine, Richard, Sindaco, Roberto, Slimani, Tahar, Somaweera, Ruchira, Spawls, Steve, Stafford, Peter, Stuebing, Rob, Sweet, Sam, Sy, Emerson, Temple, Helen J., Tognelli, Marcelo F., Tolley, Krystal, Tolson, Peter J., Tuniyev, Boris, Tuniyev, Sako, Üzüm, Nazan, van Buurt, Gerard, Van Sluys, Monique, Velasco, Alvaro, Vences, Miguel, Veselý, Milan, Vinke, Sabine, Vinke, Thomas, Vogel, Gernot, Vogrin, Milan, Vogt, Richard C., Wearn, Oliver R., Werner, Yehudah L., Whiting, Martin J., Wiewandt, Thomas, Wilkinson, John, Wilson, Byron, Wren, Sally, Zamin, Tara, Zhou, Kaiya, and Zug, George
- Abstract
Effective and targeted conservation action requires detailed information about species, their distribution, systematics and ecology as well as the distribution of threat processes which affect them. Knowledge of reptilian diversity remains surprisingly disparate, and innovative means of gaining rapid insight into the status of reptiles are needed in order to highlight urgent conservation cases and inform environmental policy with appropriate biodiversity information in a timely manner. We present the first ever global analysis of extinction risk in reptiles, based on a random representative sample of 1500 species (16% of all currently known species). To our knowledge, our results provide the first analysis of the global conservation status and distribution patterns of reptiles and the threats affecting them, highlighting conservation priorities and knowledge gaps which need to be addressed urgently to ensure the continued survival of the world’s reptiles. Nearly one in five reptilian species are threatened with extinction, with another one in five species classed as Data Deficient. The proportion of threatened reptile species is highest in freshwater environments, tropical regions and on oceanic islands, while data deficiency was highest in tropical areas, such as Central Africa and Southeast Asia, and among fossorial reptiles. Our results emphasise the need for research attention to be focussed on tropical areas which are experiencing the most dramatic rates of habitat loss, on fossorial reptiles for which there is a chronic lack of data, and on certain taxa such as snakes for which extinction risk may currently be underestimated due to lack of population information. Conservation actions specifically need to mitigate the effects of human-induced habitat loss and harvesting, which are the predominant threats to reptiles.
- Published
- 2013
44. Lizards on ice: Comparative thermal tolerances of the world's southernmost gecko
- Author
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Weeks, Denita M., primary and Espinoza, Robert E., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The conservation status of the world’s reptiles
- Author
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Böhm, Monika, primary, Collen, Ben, additional, Baillie, Jonathan E.M., additional, Bowles, Philip, additional, Chanson, Janice, additional, Cox, Neil, additional, Hammerson, Geoffrey, additional, Hoffmann, Michael, additional, Livingstone, Suzanne R., additional, Ram, Mala, additional, Rhodin, Anders G.J., additional, Stuart, Simon N., additional, van Dijk, Peter Paul, additional, Young, Bruce E., additional, Afuang, Leticia E., additional, Aghasyan, Aram, additional, García, Andrés, additional, Aguilar, César, additional, Ajtic, Rastko, additional, Akarsu, Ferdi, additional, Alencar, Laura R.V., additional, Allison, Allen, additional, Ananjeva, Natalia, additional, Anderson, Steve, additional, Andrén, Claes, additional, Ariano-Sánchez, Daniel, additional, Arredondo, Juan Camilo, additional, Auliya, Mark, additional, Austin, Christopher C., additional, Avci, Aziz, additional, Baker, Patrick J., additional, Barreto-Lima, André F., additional, Barrio-Amorós, César L., additional, Basu, Dhruvayothi, additional, Bates, Michael F., additional, Batistella, Alexandre, additional, Bauer, Aaron, additional, Bennett, Daniel, additional, Böhme, Wolfgang, additional, Broadley, Don, additional, Brown, Rafe, additional, Burgess, Joseph, additional, Captain, Ashok, additional, Carreira, Santiago, additional, Castañeda, Maria del Rosario, additional, Castro, Fernando, additional, Catenazzi, Alessandro, additional, Cedeño-Vázquez, José R., additional, Chapple, David G., additional, Cheylan, Marc, additional, Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., additional, Cogalniceanu, Dan, additional, Cogger, Hal, additional, Corti, Claudia, additional, Costa, Gabriel C., additional, Couper, Patrick J., additional, Courtney, Tony, additional, Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Jelka, additional, Crochet, Pierre-André, additional, Crother, Brian, additional, Cruz, Felix, additional, Daltry, Jennifer C., additional, Daniels, R.J. Ranjit, additional, Das, Indraneil, additional, de Silva, Anslem, additional, Diesmos, Arvin C., additional, Dirksen, Lutz, additional, Doan, Tiffany M., additional, Dodd, C. Kenneth, additional, Doody, J. Sean, additional, Dorcas, Michael E., additional, Duarte de Barros Filho, Jose, additional, Egan, Vincent T., additional, El Mouden, El Hassan, additional, Embert, Dirk, additional, Espinoza, Robert E., additional, Fallabrino, Alejandro, additional, Feng, Xie, additional, Feng, Zhao-Jun, additional, Fitzgerald, Lee, additional, Flores-Villela, Oscar, additional, França, Frederico G.R., additional, Frost, Darrell, additional, Gadsden, Hector, additional, Gamble, Tony, additional, Ganesh, S.R., additional, Garcia, Miguel A., additional, García-Pérez, Juan E., additional, Gatus, Joey, additional, Gaulke, Maren, additional, Geniez, Philippe, additional, Georges, Arthur, additional, Gerlach, Justin, additional, Goldberg, Stephen, additional, Gonzalez, Juan-Carlos T., additional, Gower, David J., additional, Grant, Tandora, additional, Greenbaum, Eli, additional, Grieco, Cristina, additional, Guo, Peng, additional, Hamilton, Alison M., additional, Hare, Kelly, additional, Hedges, S. Blair, additional, Heideman, Neil, additional, Hilton-Taylor, Craig, additional, Hitchmough, Rod, additional, Hollingsworth, Bradford, additional, Hutchinson, Mark, additional, Ineich, Ivan, additional, Iverson, John, additional, Jaksic, Fabian M., additional, Jenkins, Richard, additional, Joger, Ulrich, additional, Jose, Reizl, additional, Kaska, Yakup, additional, Kaya, Uğur, additional, Keogh, J. Scott, additional, Köhler, Gunther, additional, Kuchling, Gerald, additional, Kumlutaş, Yusuf, additional, Kwet, Axel, additional, La Marca, Enrique, additional, Lamar, William, additional, Lane, Amanda, additional, Lardner, Bjorn, additional, Latta, Craig, additional, Latta, Gabrielle, additional, Lau, Michael, additional, Lavin, Pablo, additional, Lawson, Dwight, additional, LeBreton, Matthew, additional, Lehr, Edgar, additional, Limpus, Duncan, additional, Lipczynski, Nicola, additional, Lobo, Aaron S., additional, López-Luna, Marco A., additional, Luiselli, Luca, additional, Lukoschek, Vimoksalehi, additional, Lundberg, Mikael, additional, Lymberakis, Petros, additional, Macey, Robert, additional, Magnusson, William E., additional, Mahler, D. Luke, additional, Malhotra, Anita, additional, Mariaux, Jean, additional, Maritz, Bryan, additional, Marques, Otavio A.V., additional, Márquez, Rafael, additional, Martins, Marcio, additional, Masterson, Gavin, additional, Mateo, José A., additional, Mathew, Rosamma, additional, Mathews, Nixon, additional, Mayer, Gregory, additional, McCranie, James R., additional, Measey, G. John, additional, Mendoza-Quijano, Fernando, additional, Menegon, Michele, additional, Métrailler, Sébastien, additional, Milton, David A., additional, Montgomery, Chad, additional, Morato, Sérgio A.A., additional, Mott, Tami, additional, Muñoz-Alonso, Antonio, additional, Murphy, John, additional, Nguyen, Truong Q., additional, Nilson, Göran, additional, Nogueira, Cristiano, additional, Núñez, Herman, additional, Orlov, Nikolai, additional, Ota, Hidetoshi, additional, Ottenwalder, José, additional, Papenfuss, Theodore, additional, Pasachnik, Stesha, additional, Passos, Paulo, additional, Pauwels, Olivier S.G., additional, Pérez-Buitrago, Néstor, additional, Pérez-Mellado, Valentín, additional, Pianka, Eric R., additional, Pleguezuelos, Juan, additional, Pollock, Caroline, additional, Ponce-Campos, Paulino, additional, Powell, Robert, additional, Pupin, Fabio, additional, Quintero Díaz, Gustavo E., additional, Radder, Raju, additional, Ramer, Jan, additional, Rasmussen, Arne R., additional, Raxworthy, Chris, additional, Reynolds, Robert, additional, Richman, Nadia, additional, Rico, Edmund L., additional, Riservato, Elisa, additional, Rivas, Gilson, additional, da Rocha, Pedro L.B., additional, Rödel, Mark-Oliver, additional, Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes, additional, Roosenburg, Willem M., additional, Ross, James P., additional, Sadek, Riyad, additional, Sanders, Kate, additional, Santos-Barrera, Georgina, additional, Schleich, Hermann H., additional, Schmidt, Benedikt R., additional, Schmitz, Andreas, additional, Sharifi, Mozafar, additional, Shea, Glenn, additional, Shi, Hai-Tao, additional, Shine, Richard, additional, Sindaco, Roberto, additional, Slimani, Tahar, additional, Somaweera, Ruchira, additional, Spawls, Steve, additional, Stafford, Peter, additional, Stuebing, Rob, additional, Sweet, Sam, additional, Sy, Emerson, additional, Temple, Helen J., additional, Tognelli, Marcelo F., additional, Tolley, Krystal, additional, Tolson, Peter J., additional, Tuniyev, Boris, additional, Tuniyev, Sako, additional, Üzüm, Nazan, additional, van Buurt, Gerard, additional, Van Sluys, Monique, additional, Velasco, Alvaro, additional, Vences, Miguel, additional, Veselý, Milan, additional, Vinke, Sabine, additional, Vinke, Thomas, additional, Vogel, Gernot, additional, Vogrin, Milan, additional, Vogt, Richard C., additional, Wearn, Oliver R., additional, Werner, Yehudah L., additional, Whiting, Martin J., additional, Wiewandt, Thomas, additional, Wilkinson, John, additional, Wilson, Byron, additional, Wren, Sally, additional, Zamin, Tara, additional, Zhou, Kaiya, additional, and Zug, George, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Taxonomic History of the Iguanian Lizard Liolaemus pictus major Boulenger, with a Revalidation of Liolaemus capillitas Hulse
- Author
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Espinoza, Robert E., primary, Lobo, Fernando, additional, and Etheridge, Richard, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. A critical review and systematic discussion of recent classification proposals for liolaemid lizards
- Author
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LOBO, FERNANDO, primary, ESPINOZA, ROBERT E., additional, and QUINTEROS, SEBASTIAN, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A hot knot of toads: Aggregation provides thermal benefits to metamorphic Andean toads
- Author
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Espinoza, Robert E., primary and Quinteros, Sebastián, additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Phylogenetic relationships in the iguanid lizard genus Liolaemus: multiple origins of viviparous reproduction and evidence for recurring Andean vicariance and dispersal
- Author
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II, JAMES A. SCHULTE, primary, MACEY, J. ROBERT, additional, ESPINOZA, ROBERT E., additional, and LARSON, ALLAN, additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Taxonomy of the Liolaeminae (Squamata: Iguania: Tropiduridae) and a semi-annotated bibliograpy [bibliography]
- Author
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Etheridge, Richard, primary and Espinoza, Robert E., additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
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