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Background C3 glomerulopathy is a rare kidney disease, which makes it difficult to collect large cohorts of patients to better understand its variability. The aims of this study were to describe the clinical profiles and patterns of progression of kidney disease., Methods This was a retrospective, observational cohort study. Patients diagnosed with C3 glomerulopathy between 1995 and 2020 were enrolled. Study population was divided into clinical profiles by combining the following predictors: eGFR under/above 30 ml/min per 1.73 m2, proteinuria under/above 3.5 g/d, and histologic chronicity score under/above 4. The change in eGFR and proteinuria over time was evaluated in a subgroup with consecutive measurements of eGFR and proteinuria., Results One hundred and fifteen patients with a median age of 30 years (interquartile range 19–50) were included. Patients were divided into eight clinical profiles. Kidney survival was significantly higher in patients with a chronicity score <4 and proteinuria <3.5 g/d, both in those presenting with an eGFR under/above 30 ml/min per 1.73 m2. The median eGFR slope of patients who reached kidney failure was −6.5 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year (interquartile range −1.6 to −17). Patients who showed a reduction in proteinuria over time did not reach kidney failure. On the basis of the rate of eGFR decline, patients were classified as faster eGFR decline (≥5 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year), slower (<5 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year), and those without decline. A faster eGFR decline was associated with higher probability of kidney failure., Conclusions Kidney survival is significantly higher in patients with a chronicity score <4 and proteinuria <3.5 g/d regardless of baseline eGFR, and a faster rate of decline in eGFR is associated with higher probability of kidney failure.

The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images for biomass and nitrogen estimation offers multiple opportunities for improving rice yields. UAV images provide detailed, high-resolution visual information about vegetation properties, enabling the identification of phenotypic characteristics for selecting the best varieties, improving yield predictions, and supporting ecosystem monitoring and conservation efforts. In this study, an analysis of biomass and nitrogen is conducted on 59 rice plots selected at random from a more extensive trial comprising 400 rice genotypes. A UAV acquires multispectral reflectance channels across a rice field of subplots containing different genotypes. Based on the ground-truth data, yields are characterized for the 59 plots and correlated with the Vegetation Indices (VIs) calculated from the photogrammetric mapping. The VIs are weighted by the segmentation of the plants from the soil and used as a feature matrix to estimate, via machine learning models, the biomass and nitrogen of the selected rice genotypes. The genotype IR 93346 presented the highest yield with a biomass gain of 10,252.78 kg/ha and an average daily biomass gain above 49.92 g/day. The VIs with the highest correlations with the ground-truth variables were NDVI and SAVI for wet biomass, GNDVI and NDVI for dry biomass, GNDVI and SAVI for height, and NDVI and ARVI for nitrogen. The machine learning model that performed best in estimating the variables of the 59 plots was the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model with a correlation factor of 0.98 for wet biomass, 0.99 for dry biomass, and 1 for nitrogen. The results presented demonstrate that it is possible to characterize the yields of rice plots containing different genotypes through ground-truth data and VIs.

Background: C3 glomerulopathy is a rare and heterogeneous complement-driven disease. It is often challenging to accurately predict in clinical practice the individual kidney prognosis at baseline. We herein sought to develop and validate a prognostic nomogram to predict long-term kidney survival., Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter observational cohort study in 35 nephrology departments belonging to the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases. The dataset was randomly divided into a training group (n = 87) and a validation group (n = 28). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen the main predictors of kidney outcome and to build the nomogram. The accuracy of the nomogram was assessed by discrimination and risk calibration in the training and validation sets., Results: The study group comprised 115 patients, of whom 46 (40%) reached kidney failure in a median follow-up of 49 months (range 24–112). No significant differences were observed in baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria or total chronicity score of kidney biopsies, between patients in the training versus those in the validation set. The selected variables by LASSO were eGFR, proteinuria and total chronicity score. Based on a Cox model, a nomogram was developed for the prediction of kidney survival at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years from diagnosis. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.860 (95% confidence interval 0.834–0.887) and calibration plots showed optimal agreement between predicted and observed outcomes., Conclusions: We constructed and validated a practical nomogram with good discrimination and calibration to predict the risk of kidney failure in C3 glomerulopathy patients at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years.

Review of the book Juan Enríquez de Zúñiga y su perrita, by Luis Gómez Canseco., Reseña del libro de Luis Gómez Canseco, Juan Enríquez de Zúñiga y su perrita.

Introduction: The association between a change in proteinuria over time and its impact in kidney prognosis has not been analyzed in C3 glomerulopathy. This study aims to investigate the association between the longitudinal change in proteinuria and the risk of kidney failure., Methods: Retrospective, multicenter observational cohort study in 35 nephrology departments belonging to the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases (GLOSEN). Patients diagnosed with C3 glomerulopathy between 1995 and 2020 were enrolled. A joint modeling of linear mixed-effects models was applied to assess the underlying trajectory of a repeatedly measured proteinuria, and a Cox model to evaluate the association of this trajectory with the risk of kidney failure., Results: The study group consisted of 85 patients, 70 C3 glomerulonephritis and 15 dense deposit disease, with a median age of 26 years (range 13-41). During a median follow-up of 42 months, 25 patients reached kidney failure. The longitudinal change in proteinuria showed a strong association with the risk of this outcome, with a doubling of proteinuria levels resulting in a 2.5-fold increase of the risk. A second model showed that a ≥ 50% proteinuria reduction over time was significantly associated with a lower risk of kidney failure (HR: 0.79; 95% CI : 0.56-0.97; p < 0.001). This association was also found when the ≥50% proteinuria reduction was observed within the first 6 and 12 months of follow-up., Conclusion: The longitudinal change in proteinuria is strongly associated with the risk of kidney failure. The change in proteinuria over time can provide clinicians a dynamic prediction of kidney outcomes.

Introduction. The intensive dairy production demand high food offers to fill the nutritional requirements of the lactation, these cannot be provided to the peripartum cow, by the depression of the consumption and metabolic and endocrine changes occurring during of the transition period. The lower consumption of dry matter and the energy demands for high milk production, take the animal to the Negative Energy Balance (NEBAL), which must be overcome quickly to ensure a better reproductive rate and a higher milk production. Objective. To explore different nutritional options during the transition period, in order to reduce negative energy balance. Materials and methods. 28 cows were used, in a semi-intensive dairy cows system, located in the tropics. Four treatments were used: TT1, control group; TT2, high energy density; TT3, non-protein nitrogen encapsulated, and TT4, monensin sodium. We analyzed hormones and metabolites related to energy, protein and minerals. By ultrasonography, it was determined the follicular dynamics and the presence of corpus luteum; likewise, we evaluated the reproductive indicators values and milk production. The sampling period up to 105 days postpartum allowed for the analysis of the first phase of lactation and covers the period in which it is expected that the dairy cow is in gestation. Results. Some variations were observed in the periods corresponding to the transition period for the main indicators of energy metabolism. Ovarian reactivation showed that it was not rapid, however, there was an effect on open days and reproductive efficiency. Conclusion. The concentrations of hormones and metabolites analyzed did not show significant variations. The effect of at least one treatment against the control was evident; likewise, there were variations in some analyzed periods. Reproductive behavior was poor., Resumo Introdução. A produção leiteira intensiva requer alta oferta de alimentos com os quais preencher os requerimentos nutricionais da vaca em lactação e sob pastejo, mesmo estes não consigam ser entregues na vaca recém-parida, pela depressão do consumo e as mudanças metabólicas e as endócrinas acontecidas durante o período de transição. O menor consumo de alimento e as grandes exigências para a produção do leite geram no animal o Balance Energético Negativo (BEN), o qual tem que ser superado com rapidez para garantir um melhor desempenho reprodutivo e uma maior produção leiteira. Objetivo. Estudar diferentes opções nutricionais durante o período de transição para reduzir o balanço energético negativo. Materiais e métodos. Foram empregadas 28 vacas num sistema não intensivo de produção de leite no tropico baixo. Foram analisados quatro tratamentos: TT1, grupo controle; TT2, energia de alta densidade; TT3, nitrogênio não proteico protegido, e TT4, monensina sódica. Analisaram- se hormônios e metabolitos relacionados com energia, proteína e minerais. Foi avaliada a dinâmica produtiva e através de ultrassom foi determinada a atividade folicular e a presença de corpo lúteo. O período de amostragem até os 105 dias pós-parto, permitiu as análises na primeira fase da lactação e o período fisiológico no qual esperasse que a vaca fique prenha. Resultados. Foram apresentadas variações nos períodos correspondentes ao período de transição para os principais indicadores do metabolismo energético. A reativação ovariana mostrou que ela não era rápida, empero melhorou os dias em aberto, afetando a eficiência reprodutiva. Conclusão. As concentrações de hormônios e metabolitos analisados não apresentaram diferenças significativas. Foi achado efeito de quanto menos um tratamento frente ao controle; igualmente, presentaram-se variações em alguns dos períodos analisados. O comportamento reprodutivo foi deficiente., Resumen Introducción. La producción lechera intensiva o semi intensiva demanda alta oferta de alimentos para cumplir con los requerimientos nutricionales de la misma, éstos no logran ser proporcionados a la vaca recién parida en pastoreo, por la depresión del consumo, los cambios metabólicos y endocrinos ocurridos durante el periodo de transición. El menor consumo de alimento y el aumento en las exigencias para producción de leche, llevan al animal a un Balance Energético Negativo (BEN), el cual debe ser superado rápidamente para garantizar una mejor tasa reproductiva y una mayor producción de leche. Objetivo. Estudiar opciones de suplementación nutricional durante el periodo de transición, para reducir el Balance Energético Negativo. Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 28 vacas adultas, en un sistema semi intensivo de producción de leche, ubicado en trópico bajo. Se formularon cuatro tratamientos: TT1, grupo control; TT2, grasa sobrepasante; TT3, nitrógeno no proteico encapsulado, y TT4, monensina sódica. Se analizaron hormonas y metabolitos relacionados con energía, proteína y minerales. Mediante ultrasonografía, se determinó la dinámica folicular y la presencia de cuerpo lúteo, igualmente se evaluaron indicadores reproductivos y producción de leche. El periodo de muestreo hasta los 105 días posparto permitió el análisis de la primera fase de lactancia e incluir el periodo fisiológico en el cual se espera que la vaca lechera reanude su actividad reproductiva. Resultado. Se presentaron variaciones en los periodos correspondientes al periodo de transición para los principales indicadores del metabolismo energético. La reactivación ovárica mostró que no fue rápida, sin embargo, hubo efecto sobre los días abiertos y la eficiencia reproductiva. Conclusión. Las concentraciones de hormonas y metabolitos analizados no presentaron variaciones significativas. Se evidenció efecto de al menos un tratamiento frente al control; igualmente, se presentaron variaciones en algunos p

Introduction. The intensive dairy production demand high food offers to fill the nutritional requirements of the lactation, these cannot be provided to the peripartum cow, by the depression of the consumption and metabolic and endocrine changes occurring during of the transition period. The lower consumption of dry matter and the energy demands for high milk production, take the animal to the Negative Energy Balance (NEBAL), which must be overcome quickly to ensure a better reproductive rate and a higher milk production. Objective. To explore different nutritional options during the transition period, in order to reduce negative energy balance. Materials and methods. 28 cows were used, in a semi-intensive dairy cows system, located in the tropics. Four treatments were used: TT1, control group; TT2, high energy density; TT3, non-protein nitrogen encapsulated, and TT4, monensin sodium. We analyzed hormones and metabolites related to energy, protein and minerals. By ultrasonography, it was determined the follicular dynamics and the presence of corpus luteum; likewise, we evaluated the reproductive indicators values and milk production. The sampling period up to 105 days postpartum allowed for the analysis of the first phase of lactation and covers the period in which it is expected that the dairy cow is in gestation. Results. Some variations were observed in the periods corresponding to the transition period for the main indicators of energy metabolism. Ovarian reactivation showed that it was not rapid, however, there was an effect on open days and reproductive efficiency. Conclusion. The concentrations of hormones and metabolites analyzed did not show significant variations. The effect of at least one treatment against the control was evident; likewise, there were variations in some analyzed periods. Reproductive behavior was poor., Resumo Introdução. A produção leiteira intensiva requer alta oferta de alimentos com os quais preencher os requerimentos nutricionais da vaca em lactação e sob pastejo, mesmo estes não consigam ser entregues na vaca recém-parida, pela depressão do consumo e as mudanças metabólicas e as endócrinas acontecidas durante o período de transição. O menor consumo de alimento e as grandes exigências para a produção do leite geram no animal o Balance Energético Negativo (BEN), o qual tem que ser superado com rapidez para garantir um melhor desempenho reprodutivo e uma maior produção leiteira. Objetivo. Estudar diferentes opções nutricionais durante o período de transição para reduzir o balanço energético negativo. Materiais e métodos. Foram empregadas 28 vacas num sistema não intensivo de produção de leite no tropico baixo. Foram analisados quatro tratamentos: TT1, grupo controle; TT2, energia de alta densidade; TT3, nitrogênio não proteico protegido, e TT4, monensina sódica. Analisaram- se hormônios e metabolitos relacionados com energia, proteína e minerais. Foi avaliada a dinâmica produtiva e através de ultrassom foi determinada a atividade folicular e a presença de corpo lúteo. O período de amostragem até os 105 dias pós-parto, permitiu as análises na primeira fase da lactação e o período fisiológico no qual esperasse que a vaca fique prenha. Resultados. Foram apresentadas variações nos períodos correspondentes ao período de transição para os principais indicadores do metabolismo energético. A reativação ovariana mostrou que ela não era rápida, empero melhorou os dias em aberto, afetando a eficiência reprodutiva. Conclusão. As concentrações de hormônios e metabolitos analisados não apresentaram diferenças significativas. Foi achado efeito de quanto menos um tratamento frente ao controle; igualmente, presentaram-se variações em alguns dos períodos analisados. O comportamento reprodutivo foi deficiente., Resumen Introducción. La producción lechera intensiva o semi intensiva demanda alta oferta de alimentos para cumplir con los requerimientos nutricionales de la misma, éstos no logran ser proporcionados a la vaca recién parida en pastoreo, por la depresión del consumo, los cambios metabólicos y endocrinos ocurridos durante el periodo de transición. El menor consumo de alimento y el aumento en las exigencias para producción de leche, llevan al animal a un Balance Energético Negativo (BEN), el cual debe ser superado rápidamente para garantizar una mejor tasa reproductiva y una mayor producción de leche. Objetivo. Estudiar opciones de suplementación nutricional durante el periodo de transición, para reducir el Balance Energético Negativo. Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 28 vacas adultas, en un sistema semi intensivo de producción de leche, ubicado en trópico bajo. Se formularon cuatro tratamientos: TT1, grupo control; TT2, grasa sobrepasante; TT3, nitrógeno no proteico encapsulado, y TT4, monensina sódica. Se analizaron hormonas y metabolitos relacionados con energía, proteína y minerales. Mediante ultrasonografía, se determinó la dinámica folicular y la presencia de cuerpo lúteo, igualmente se evaluaron indicadores reproductivos y producción de leche. El periodo de muestreo hasta los 105 días posparto permitió el análisis de la primera fase de lactancia e incluir el periodo fisiológico en el cual se espera que la vaca lechera reanude su actividad reproductiva. Resultado. Se presentaron variaciones en los periodos correspondientes al periodo de transición para los principales indicadores del metabolismo energético. La reactivación ovárica mostró que no fue rápida, sin embargo, hubo efecto sobre los días abiertos y la eficiencia reproductiva. Conclusión. Las concentraciones de hormonas y metabolitos analizados no presentaron variaciones significativas. Se evidenció efecto de al menos un tratamiento frente al control; igualmente, se presentaron variaciones en algunos p

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has different etiological causes, and not all of them are well understood. In atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), the TMA is caused by the complement dysregulation associated with pathogenic mutations in complement components and its regulators. Here, we describe a pediatric patient with aHUS in whom the relatively benign course of the disease confused the initial diagnosis. A previously healthy 8-year-old boy developed jaundice, hematuria, hemolytic anemia, thrombopenia, and mild acute kidney injury (AKI) in the context of a diarrhea without hypertension nor oliguria. Spontaneous and complete recovery was observed from the third day of admission. Persistent low C3 plasma levels after recovery raised the suspicion for aHUS, which prompted clinicians to discard the initial diagnosis of Shigatoxin-associated HUS (STEC-HUS). A thorough genetic and molecular study of the complement revealed the presence of an isolated novel pathogenic C3 mutation. The relatively benign clinical course of the disease as well as the finding of a de novo pathogenic C3 mutation are remarkable aspects of this case. The data are discussed to illustrate the benefits of identifying the TMA etiological factor and the relevant contribution of the MCP aHUS risk polymorphism to the disease severity.

El siguiente informe es la recopilación de información importante sobre el contexto actual de las enfermedades de salud mental con énfasis en Europa, y especialmente en España. Esto, con el fin de diseñar un producto que ayude a promover el entrenamiento de la meditación como herramienta para el tratamiento de trastornos psiquiátricos como el estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión. El documento tiene como objetivo discutir algunos datos que ya existen en los estudios de meditación y cómo se pueden aplicar a un proyecto de diseño. Para validar y mejorar los valores del producto final desde una perspectiva tecnológica se mencionarán algunos otros proyectos relacionados con el tema. El principal objetivo de este producto final es encontrar una forma innovadora y creativa de compartir conocimientos sobre meditación y contribuir al bienestar individual y colectivo. Finalmente, el resultado de esta investigación es la creación de un producto que fue creado para ser un socio que tiene la misión de mitigar el sentimiento de soledad, orientar y apoyar a los usuarios en el entrenamiento de la meditación mientras superan a los psicólogos y alteraciones psiquiátricas., The following report is the compilation of important information on the current context of mental health diseases with an emphasis on Europe, and especially Spain. This, in order to design a product that helps to promote meditation training as a tool for the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as stress, anxiety, and depression. The document aims to discuss some already exist data in meditation studies and how it can be applied to a design project. In order to validated and improve the values of the final product from a technology perspective some other projects related to the subject will be mention. The main goal of this final product is to find an innovative and creative way to share knowledge about meditation and contribute to individual and collective wellbeing. Finally, the result of this research is the creation of a product that was created to be a partner who has the mission of mitigated the loneliness feeling, guide and support users in meditation training while overcoming psychologists and psychiatric alterations.

This work is a tribute to the bars and openwork blocks that formed the city between the fifties and seventies of the twentieth century, and now are being discarded. Along these architectural details, a permeable and creative way of separating the public and private space that allowed the fluid exchange between passers-by and dwellers disappears., Este trabalho é uma homenagem aos bares e quadras a céu aberto que formaram a cidade entre os anos cinquenta e setenta do século XX, e agora estão sendo descartados. Juntamente com esses detalhes arquitetônicos, desaparece uma maneira permeável e criativa de separar o espaço público e o privado que permitia uma troca fluida entre transeuntes e moradores., Este trabajo es un tributo a las rejas y bloques calados que formaron la ciudad entre los años cincuenta y setenta del siglo XX, y que ahora están siendo desechados. Junto con estos detalles arquitectónicos desaparece una manera permeable y creativa de separar el espacio público y privado que permitía un intercambio fluido entre transeúntes y moradores.