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5. Chronosequence and Temporal Changes in Soil Conditions, Vegetation Structure and Leaf Traits in a Tropical Dry Forest in Brazil.

Author

Ferreira, Kleiperry F., Silva, Jhonathan O., Cuevas-Reyes, Pablo, Falcão, Luiz Alberto Dolabela, and Espírito-Santo, Mário M.

Subjects
TROPICAL dry forests, DECIDUOUS forests, PLANT performance, LEAF area, CAMBISOLS
Abstract

The structure and diversity of tropical vegetation are shaped by biotic and abiotic factors, which function as environmental filters affecting plant performance on different spatial and temporal scales. We compared soil (Ferrasols and Cambisols) conditions, vegetation structure and leaf traits (e.g., specific leaf area, polyphenols, and chlorophyll contents a/b and in total) in the early, intermediate and late successional stages of a tropical dry forest (TDF) in southeastern Brazil. For this purpose, we measured leaf traits of the most abundant species in the same 18 plots (50 × 20 m/six per successional stage) in 2009 and 2018. Our prediction is that tree species growing in early forests have a greater investment in conservative traits related to chemical defenses and tolerance to desiccation compared to late-stage tree species. We observed contrasting results when comparing the chronosequence differences in leaf traits both in 2009 and 2018 and the temporal changes along this period. Specific leaf area was lower than expected for all successional stages, while polyphenol content increased over time, contrary to other studies in TDFs. These results suggest that contrasting environmental factors such as soil conditions and light availability are responsible of the observed pattern. Total chlorophyll content did not change significantly, while the a/b chlorophyll ratio doubled in all successional stages, contrary to our prediction. Therefore, we suggest that the conservative–acquisitive spectrum in successional gradients of TDFs should be further investigated with time-series data for a better understanding of plant community assemblages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Wet and dry tropical forests show opposite successional pathways in wood density but converge over time

Author

Poorter, Lourens, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., Bongers, Frans, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica María, Álvarez, Francisco S., Andrade, José Luís, Villa, Luis Felipe Arreola, Balvanera, Patricia, Becknell, Justin M., Bentos, Tony V., Bhaskar, Radika, Boukili, Vanessa, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., Broadbent, Eben N., César, Ricardo G., Chave, Jerome, Chazdon, Robin L., Colletta, Gabriel Dalla, Craven, Dylan, de Jong, Ben H. J., Denslow, Julie S., Dent, Daisy H., DeWalt, Saara J., García, Elisa Díaz, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Durán, Sandra M., Espírito Santo, Mário M., Fandiño, María C., Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, Finegan, Bryan, Moser, Vanessa Granda, Hall, Jefferson S., Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Jakovac, Catarina C., Junqueira, André B., Kennard, Deborah, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Letcher, Susan G., Lohbeck, Madelon, Lopez, Omar R., Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Martins, Sebastião V., Massoca, Paulo E. S., Meave, Jorge A., Mesquita, Rita, Mora, Francisco, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, Müller, Sandra C., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Muscarella, Robert, de Oliveira Neto, Silvio Nolasco, Nunes, Yule R. F., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Paz, Horacio, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Piotto, Daniel, Ruíz, Jorge, Sanaphre-Villanueva, Lucía, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, Schwartz, Naomi B., Steininger, Marc K., Thomas, William Wayt, Toledo, Marisol, Uriarte, Maria, Utrera, Luis P., van Breugel, Michiel, van der Sande, Masha T., van der Wal, Hans, Veloso, Maria D. M., Vester, Hans F. M., Vieira, Ima C. G., Villa, Pedro Manuel, Williamson, G. Bruce, Wright, S. Joseph, Zanini, Kátia J., Zimmerman, Jess K., and Westoby, Mark

Published
2019
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13. Vegetações amazônicas e terras indígenas ameaçadas pelas próximas mudanças climáticas: Previsão de impacto nos biomas brasileiros

Author

Arruda, Daniel M., primary, Schaefer, Carlos E. G. R., additional, Fonseca, Rúbia S., additional, Fernandes‐Filho, Elpídio I., additional, Veloso, Gustavo V., additional, Gomes, Lucas C., additional, Oliveira, Fábio S., additional, Corrêa, Guilherme R., additional, Espírito‐Santo, Mário M., additional, Oliveira, Guilherme C., additional, and Solar, Ricardo R. C., additional

Published
2023
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14. Vegetações amazônicas e terras indígenas ameaçadas pelas próximas mudanças climáticas: Previsão de impacto nos biomas brasileiros.

Author

Arruda, Daniel M., Schaefer, Carlos E. G. R., Fonseca, Rúbia S., Fernandes‐Filho, Elpídio I., Veloso, Gustavo V., Gomes, Lucas C., Oliveira, Fábio S., Corrêa, Guilherme R., Espírito‐Santo, Mário M., Oliveira, Guilherme C., and Solar, Ricardo R. C.

Subjects
BIOLOGICAL extinction, CLIMATE extremes, ARID regions, DECIDUOUS forests, VEGETATION dynamics, BIOMES
Abstract

Copyright of Austral Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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15. Amazonian vegetation types and indigenous lands threatened by upcoming climate change: Forecast impact for Brazilian biomes.

Author

Arruda, Daniel M., Schaefer, Carlos E. G. R., Fonseca, Rúbia S., Fernandes‐Filho, Elpídio I., Veloso, Gustavo V., Gomes, Lucas C., Oliveira, Fábio S., Corrêa, Guilherme R., Espírito‐Santo, Mário M., Oliveira, Guilherme C., and Solar, Ricardo R. C.

Subjects
CLIMATE change forecasts, BIOMES, BIOLOGICAL extinction, INDIGENOUS children, CLIMATE extremes, ARID regions, ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide
Abstract

Changes in vegetation cover due to increasing frequencies of extreme climate events and anthropogenic pressure are already underway; so, predicting the impacts of the near‐future climate will be essential for developing mitigation strategies. We modelled the responses of Brazilian biomes to a future scenario (2070) of steady increases in atmospheric CO2 levels, adding soil data to better represent the multidimensional space of the environmental suitability of each biome. We also assessed the effects of changes in environmental suitability on the Brazilian network of protected areas and projected those effects on 1 km resolution maps. The area predicted to be affected by future climate change in Brazil and the consequent loss of suitable habitat surface is 2.59 Mkm2 – larger than the combined areas of Central America and Mexico – leading the current vegetation to a progressive replacement. We project major changes in the vegetation of the Amazon basin, with the replacement of rainforest by dryer vegetation in the southern and eastern regions of that basin, and the opening of a dry corridor in Pará State. We also project an expansion of 41% of the current caatinga cover in the Brazilian semiarid region, with large losses of suitable habitat surface of the current deciduous forest. Approximately, 37% of the coverage of protected areas in Brazil will be affected – with greater damage to indigenous lands. The speed of current environmental change is now unprecedented for the post‐glacial era, and will almost certainly lead to increased rates of extinction and the collapse of transition ecosystems. We propose the urgent creation of protected areas in regions designed without significant impacts, but contiguous to those that will be more seriously affected by climate change. Those areas will act as refugia preserving biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the cultural heritages of traditional populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Amazonian vegetation types and indigenous lands threatened by upcoming climate change: Forecast impact for Brazilian biomes

Author

Arruda, Daniel M., primary, Schaefer, Carlos E. G. R., additional, Fonseca, Rúbia S., additional, Fernandes‐Filho, Elpídio I., additional, Veloso, Gustavo V., additional, Gomes, Lucas C., additional, Oliveira, Fábio S., additional, Corrêa, Guilherme R., additional, Espírito‐Santo, Mário M., additional, Oliveira, Guilherme C., additional, and Solar, Ricardo R. C., additional

Published
2023
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20. Reproductive biology of Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) in preserved and degraded Cerrado areas in Brazil.

Author

Roque, Stephanie Q., Falcão, Luiz A. D., Rech, André R., Silva, Jhonathan O., Oliveira, Priscila S., Ferreira, Kleiperry F., and do Espírito-Santo, Mário M.

Subjects
CERRADOS, POLLEN, BIOLOGY, GENITALIA, FRUIT seeds
Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the reproductive system and determine the importance of pollinators for fruit production of Caryocar brasiliense, an economically important tree, in preserved and degraded Cerrado areas in southeastern Brazil. For this purpose, we performed pollinator exclusion experiments to determine the frequency of self- and cross-pollination, and to determine fruit set. In general, fruit set was extremely low; only 2.92% and 2.71% of the flowers developed into fruits in the degraded and preserved areas, respectively. Fruit sets by manual cross-pollination and natural (open) pollination were higher than self-pollination in both areas. Pollen deposition was significantly higher at night and in the preserved area, although a relatively high amount of pollen grains is found in the stigmas during the day. The number of ripened and aborted seeds did not differ among areas, but fruits and seeds were heavier in the degraded area than in the preserved area. The abortion level was very high (64.5%), which may be related to low pollen quality due to selfing. Our study presents evidence that Cerrado degradation affects the reproductive biology of C. brasiliense, but whether such effect is a consequence of pollinator decline in degraded areas remains to be determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Guild-dependent effects of forest fragmentation in canopy arthropod diversity associated to Quercus deserticola

Author

García-Jain, Silvia Ecaterina, primary, Maldonado-López, Yurixhi, additional, Oyama, Ken, additional, López-Maldonado, Ma. Carmen, additional, Fagundes, Marcílio, additional, de Faria, Maurício Lopes, additional, Espírito-Santo, Mário M., additional, Vaca-Sánchez, Marcela Sofía, additional, and Cuevas-Reyes, Pablo, additional

Published
2022
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25. Strong floristic distinctiveness across Neotropical successional forests

Author

Jakovac, Catarina C., primary, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Bongers, Frans, additional, Letcher, Susan G., additional, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, additional, Piotto, Daniel, additional, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., additional, Peña-Claros, Marielos, additional, Craven, Dylan, additional, Santos, Braulio A., additional, Siminski, Alexandre, additional, Fantini, Alfredo C., additional, Rodrigues, Alice C., additional, Hernández-Jaramillo, Alma, additional, Idárraga, Alvaro, additional, Junqueira, André B., additional, Zambrano, Angelica María Almeyda, additional, de Jong, Ben H. J., additional, Pinho, Bruno Ximenes, additional, Finegan, Bryan, additional, Castellano-Castro, Carolina, additional, Zambiazi, Daisy Christiane, additional, Dent, Daisy H., additional, García, Daniel Hernán, additional, Kennard, Deborah, additional, Delgado, Diego, additional, Broadbent, Eben N., additional, Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, additional, Pérez-García, Eduardo A., additional, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, additional, Berenguer, Erika, additional, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, additional, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, additional, de Sá Sampaio, Everardo Valadares, additional, Melo, Felipe, additional, Elias, Fernando, additional, França, Filipe, additional, Oberleitner, Florian, additional, Mora, Francisco, additional, Williamson, G. Bruce, additional, Colletta, Gabriel Dalla, additional, Cabral, George A. L., additional, Derroire, Géraldine, additional, Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, additional, van der Wal, Hans, additional, Teixeira, Heitor Mancini, additional, Vester, Henricus F. M., additional, García, Hernando, additional, Vieira, Ima C. G., additional, Jiménez-Montoya, Jaider, additional, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., additional, Hall, Jefferson S., additional, Chave, Jerome, additional, Zimmerman, Jess K., additional, Nieto, Jhon Edison, additional, Ferreira, Joice, additional, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, additional, Ruíz, Jorge, additional, Barlow, Jos, additional, Aguilar-Cano, José, additional, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, additional, Engel, Julien, additional, Becknell, Justin M., additional, Zanini, Kátia, additional, Lohbeck, Madelon, additional, Tabarelli, Marcelo, additional, Romero-Romero, Marco Antonio, additional, Uriarte, Maria, additional, Veloso, Maria D. M., additional, Espírito-Santo, Mário M., additional, van der Sande, Masha T., additional, van Breugel, Michiel, additional, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, additional, Schwartz, Naomi B., additional, Norden, Natalia, additional, Pérez-Cárdenas, Nathalia, additional, González-Valdivia, Noel, additional, Petronelli, Pascal, additional, Balvanera, Patricia, additional, Massoca, Paulo, additional, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., additional, Villa, Pedro M., additional, Hietz, Peter, additional, Ostertag, Rebecca, additional, López-Camacho, René, additional, César, Ricardo G., additional, Mesquita, Rita, additional, Chazdon, Robin L., additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, DeWalt, Saara J., additional, Müller, Sandra C., additional, Durán, Sandra M., additional, Martins, Sebastião Venâncio, additional, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, additional, Rodríguez-Buritica, Susana, additional, Aide, T. Mitchell, additional, Bentos, Tony Vizcarra, additional, de S. Moreno, Vanessa, additional, Granda, Vanessa, additional, Thomas, Wayt, additional, Silver, Whendee L., additional, Nunes, Yule R. F., additional, and Poorter, Lourens, additional

Published
2022
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26. Strong floristic distinctiveness across Neotropical successional forests

Author

Jakovac, Catarina C., Meave, Jorge A., Bongers, Frans, Letcher, Susan G., Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Piotto, Daniel, Rozendaal, Danaë M.A., Peña-Claros, Marielos, Craven, Dylan, Santos, Braulio A., Siminski, Alexandre, Fantini, Alfredo C., Rodrigues, Alice C., Hernández-Jaramillo, Alma, Idárraga, Alvaro, Junqueira, André B., Zambrano, Angelica María Almeyda, De Jong, Ben H.J., Pinho, Bruno Ximenes, Finegan, Bryan, Castellano-Castro, Carolina, Zambiazi, Daisy Christiane, Dent, Daisy H., García, Daniel Hernán, Kennard, Deborah, Delgado, Diego, Broadbent, Eben N., Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, Pérez-García, Eduardo A., Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Berenguer, Erika, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, De Sá Sampaio, Everardo Valadares, Melo, Felipe, Elias, Fernando, França, Filipe, Oberleitner, Florian, Mora, Francisco, Williamson, Bruce, Dalla Colletta, Gabriel, Cabral, George A.L., Derroire, Géraldine, Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, Van Der Wal, Hans, Teixeira, Heitor Mancini, Vester, Henricus F.M., García, Hernando, Vieira, Ima C.G., Jiménez-Montoya, Jaider, De Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., Hall, Jefferson S., Chave, Jerome, Zimmerman, Jess K., Nieto, Jhon Edison, Ferreira, Joice, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, Ruíz, Jorge, Barlow, Jos, Aguilar-Cano, José, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Engel, Julien, Becknell, Justin M., Zanini, Kátia, Lohbeck, Madelon, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Romero-Romero, Marco Antonio, Uriarte, Maria, Veloso, Maria D.M., Espírito-Santo, Mário M., Van Der Sande, Masha T., Van Breugel, Michiel, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Schwartz, Naomi B., Norden, Natalia, Pérez-Cárdenas, Nathalia, González-Valdivia, Noel, Petronelli, Pascal, Balvanera, Patricia, Massoca, Paulo, Brancalion, Pedro H.S., Villa, Pedro M., Hietz, Peter, Ostertag, Rebecca, López-Camacho, René, César, Ricardo G., Mesquita, Rita, Chazdon, Robin L., Muñoz, Rodrigo, DeWalt, Saara J., Müller, Sandra C., Durán, Sandra M., Martins, Sebastião Venâncio, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Rodríguez-Buritica, Susana, Aide, Mitchell, Bentos, Tony Vizcarra, Moreno, Vanessa De S., Granda, Vanessa, Thomas, Wayt, Silver, Whendee L., Nunes, Yule R.F., Poorter, Lourens, Jakovac, Catarina C., Meave, Jorge A., Bongers, Frans, Letcher, Susan G., Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Piotto, Daniel, Rozendaal, Danaë M.A., Peña-Claros, Marielos, Craven, Dylan, Santos, Braulio A., Siminski, Alexandre, Fantini, Alfredo C., Rodrigues, Alice C., Hernández-Jaramillo, Alma, Idárraga, Alvaro, Junqueira, André B., Zambrano, Angelica María Almeyda, De Jong, Ben H.J., Pinho, Bruno Ximenes, Finegan, Bryan, Castellano-Castro, Carolina, Zambiazi, Daisy Christiane, Dent, Daisy H., García, Daniel Hernán, Kennard, Deborah, Delgado, Diego, Broadbent, Eben N., Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, Pérez-García, Eduardo A., Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Berenguer, Erika, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, De Sá Sampaio, Everardo Valadares, Melo, Felipe, Elias, Fernando, França, Filipe, Oberleitner, Florian, Mora, Francisco, Williamson, Bruce, Dalla Colletta, Gabriel, Cabral, George A.L., Derroire, Géraldine, Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, Van Der Wal, Hans, Teixeira, Heitor Mancini, Vester, Henricus F.M., García, Hernando, Vieira, Ima C.G., Jiménez-Montoya, Jaider, De Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., Hall, Jefferson S., Chave, Jerome, Zimmerman, Jess K., Nieto, Jhon Edison, Ferreira, Joice, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, Ruíz, Jorge, Barlow, Jos, Aguilar-Cano, José, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Engel, Julien, Becknell, Justin M., Zanini, Kátia, Lohbeck, Madelon, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Romero-Romero, Marco Antonio, Uriarte, Maria, Veloso, Maria D.M., Espírito-Santo, Mário M., Van Der Sande, Masha T., Van Breugel, Michiel, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Schwartz, Naomi B., Norden, Natalia, Pérez-Cárdenas, Nathalia, González-Valdivia, Noel, Petronelli, Pascal, Balvanera, Patricia, Massoca, Paulo, Brancalion, Pedro H.S., Villa, Pedro M., Hietz, Peter, Ostertag, Rebecca, López-Camacho, René, César, Ricardo G., Mesquita, Rita, Chazdon, Robin L., Muñoz, Rodrigo, DeWalt, Saara J., Müller, Sandra C., Durán, Sandra M., Martins, Sebastião Venâncio, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Rodríguez-Buritica, Susana, Aide, Mitchell, Bentos, Tony Vizcarra, Moreno, Vanessa De S., Granda, Vanessa, Thomas, Wayt, Silver, Whendee L., Nunes, Yule R.F., and Poorter, Lourens

Abstract

Forests that regrow naturally on abandoned fields are important for restoring biodiversity and ecosystem services, but can they also preserve the distinct regional tree floras? Using the floristic composition of 1215 early successional forests (≤20 years) in 75 human-modified landscapes across the Neotropic realm, we identified 14 distinct floristic groups, with a between-group dissimilarity of 0.97. Floristic groups were associated with location, bioregions, soil pH, temperature seasonality, and water availability. Hence, there is large continental-scale variation in the species composition of early successional forests, which is mainly associated with biogeographic and environmental factors but not with human disturbance indicators. This floristic distinctiveness is partially driven by regionally restricted species belonging to widespread genera. Early secondary forests contribute therefore to restoring and conserving the distinctiveness of bioregions across the Neotropical realm, and forest restoration initiatives should use local species to assure that these distinct floras are maintained.

Published
2022

29. Risks and opportunities associated with pollinators’ conservation and management of pollination services in Latin America

Author

Galetto, Leonardo, primary, Aizen, Marcelo A., additional, Del Coro Arizmendi, M., additional, Freitas, Breno M., additional, Garibaldi, Lucas A., additional, Giannini, Tereza C., additional, Lopes, Ariadna V., additional, Do Espírito Santo, Mário M., additional, Maués, Márcia M., additional, Nates-Parra, Guiomar, additional, Rodríguez, Jaime I., additional, Quezada-Euán, José J. G., additional, Vandame, Remy, additional, Viana, Blandina F., additional, and Imperatriz-Fonseca, Vera L., additional

Published
2022
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30. Multidimensional tropical forest recovery

Author

Poorter, Lourens, primary, Craven, Dylan, additional, Jakovac, Catarina C., additional, van der Sande, Masha T., additional, Amissah, Lucy, additional, Bongers, Frans, additional, Chazdon, Robin L., additional, Farrior, Caroline E., additional, Kambach, Stephan, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, Norden, Natalia, additional, Rüger, Nadja, additional, van Breugel, Michiel, additional, Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica María, additional, Amani, Bienvenu, additional, Andrade, José Luis, additional, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., additional, Broadbent, Eben N., additional, de Foresta, Hubert, additional, Dent, Daisy H., additional, Derroire, Géraldine, additional, DeWalt, Saara J., additional, Dupuy, Juan M., additional, Durán, Sandra M., additional, Fantini, Alfredo C., additional, Finegan, Bryan, additional, Hernández-Jaramillo, Alma, additional, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, additional, Hietz, Peter, additional, Junqueira, André B., additional, N’dja, Justin Kassi, additional, Letcher, Susan G., additional, Lohbeck, Madelon, additional, López-Camacho, René, additional, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, additional, Melo, Felipe P. L., additional, Mora, Francisco, additional, Müller, Sandra C., additional, N’Guessan, Anny E., additional, Oberleitner, Florian, additional, Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, additional, Pérez-García, Eduardo A., additional, Pinho, Bruno X., additional, Piotto, Daniel, additional, Powers, Jennifer S., additional, Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, additional, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., additional, Ruíz, Jorge, additional, Tabarelli, Marcelo, additional, Teixeira, Heitor Mancini, additional, Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio, Everardo, additional, van der Wal, Hans, additional, Villa, Pedro M., additional, Fernandes, Geraldo W., additional, Santos, Braulio A., additional, Aguilar-Cano, José, additional, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., additional, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, additional, Arreola-Villa, Felipe, additional, Balvanera, Patricia, additional, Becknell, Justin M., additional, Cabral, George A. L., additional, Castellanos-Castro, Carolina, additional, de Jong, Ben H. J., additional, Nieto, Jhon Edison, additional, Espírito-Santo, Mário M., additional, Fandino, Maria C., additional, García, Hernando, additional, García-Villalobos, Daniel, additional, Hall, Jefferson S., additional, Idárraga, Alvaro, additional, Jiménez-Montoya, Jaider, additional, Kennard, Deborah, additional, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, additional, Mesquita, Rita, additional, Nunes, Yule R. F., additional, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, additional, Peña-Claros, Marielos, additional, Pérez-Cárdenas, Nathalia, additional, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, additional, Villanueva, Lucía Sanaphre, additional, Schwartz, Naomi B., additional, Steininger, Marc K., additional, Veloso, Maria D. M., additional, Vester, Henricus F. M., additional, Vieira, Ima C. G., additional, Williamson, G. Bruce, additional, Zanini, Kátia, additional, and Hérault, Bruno, additional

Published
2021
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31. Contrasting successional stages lead to intra- and interspecific differences in leaf functional traits and herbivory levels in a Mexican tropical dry forest

Author

Aguilar-Peralta, Joan Sebastian, primary, Maldonado-López, Yurixhi, additional, Espírito-Santo, Mário M., additional, Reyes-Chilpa, Ricardo, additional, Oyama, Ken, additional, Fagundes, Marcilio, additional, Ávila-Cabadilla, Luis Daniel, additional, Álvarez-Añorve, Mariana Yolotl, additional, Vaca-Sanchéz, Marcela Sofía, additional, and Cuevas-Reyes, Pablo, additional

Published
2021
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32. Functional recovery of secondary tropical forests

Author

Poorter, Lourens, primary, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., additional, Bongers, Frans, additional, Almeida, de Jarcilene S., additional, Álvarez, Francisco S., additional, Andrade, José Luís, additional, Arreola Villa, Luis Felipe, additional, Becknell, Justin M., additional, Bhaskar, Radika, additional, Boukili, Vanessa, additional, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., additional, César, Ricardo G., additional, Chave, Jerome, additional, Chazdon, Robin L., additional, Dalla Colletta, Gabriel, additional, Craven, Dylan, additional, de Jong, Ben H. J., additional, Denslow, Julie S., additional, Dent, Daisy H., additional, DeWalt, Saara J., additional, Díaz García, Elisa, additional, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, additional, Durán, Sandra M., additional, Espírito Santo, Mário M., additional, Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, additional, Finegan, Bryan, additional, Granda Moser, Vanessa, additional, Hall, Jefferson S., additional, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, additional, Jakovac, Catarina C., additional, Kennard, Deborah, additional, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, additional, Letcher, Susan G., additional, Lohbeck, Madelon, additional, Lopez, Omar R., additional, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, additional, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Mora, Francisco, additional, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, additional, Müller, Sandra C., additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, Muscarella, Robert, additional, Nunes, Yule R. F., additional, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, additional, Oliveira, Rafael S., additional, Paz, Horacio, additional, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, additional, Sanaphre-Villanueva, Lucía, additional, Toledo, Marisol, additional, Uriarte, Maria, additional, Utrera, Luis P., additional, van Breugel, Michiel, additional, van der Sande, Masha T., additional, Veloso, Maria D. M., additional, Wright, S. Joseph, additional, Zanini, Kátia J., additional, Zimmerman, Jess K., additional, and Westoby, Mark, additional

Published
2021
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34. Functional recovery of secondary tropical forests

Author

Poorter, Lourens, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., Bongers, Frans, Almeida, de Jarcilene S., Álvarez, Francisco S., Andrade, José Luís, Arreola Villa, Luis Felipe, Becknell, Justin M., Bhaskar, Radika, Boukili, Vanessa, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., César, Ricardo G., Chave, Jerome, Chazdon, Robin L., Dalla Colletta, Gabriel, Craven, Dylan, de Jong, Ben H. J., Denslow, Julie S., Dent, Daisy H., DeWalt, Saara J., Díaz García, Elisa, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Durán, Sandra M., Espírito Santo, Mário M., Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, Finegan, Bryan, Granda Moser, Vanessa, Hall, Jefferson S., Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Jakovac, Catarina C., Kennard, Deborah, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Letcher, Susan G., Lohbeck, Madelon, Lopez, Omar R., Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Meave, Jorge A., Mora, Francisco, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, Müller, Sandra C., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Muscarella, Robert, Nunes, Yule R. F., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Oliveira, Rafael S., Paz, Horacio, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, Sanaphre-Villanueva, Lucía, Toledo, Marisol, Poorter, Lourens, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., Bongers, Frans, Almeida, de Jarcilene S., Álvarez, Francisco S., Andrade, José Luís, Arreola Villa, Luis Felipe, Becknell, Justin M., Bhaskar, Radika, Boukili, Vanessa, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., César, Ricardo G., Chave, Jerome, Chazdon, Robin L., Dalla Colletta, Gabriel, Craven, Dylan, de Jong, Ben H. J., Denslow, Julie S., Dent, Daisy H., DeWalt, Saara J., Díaz García, Elisa, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Durán, Sandra M., Espírito Santo, Mário M., Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, Finegan, Bryan, Granda Moser, Vanessa, Hall, Jefferson S., Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Jakovac, Catarina C., Kennard, Deborah, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Letcher, Susan G., Lohbeck, Madelon, Lopez, Omar R., Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Meave, Jorge A., Mora, Francisco, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, Müller, Sandra C., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Muscarella, Robert, Nunes, Yule R. F., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Oliveira, Rafael S., Paz, Horacio, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, Sanaphre-Villanueva, Lucía, and Toledo, Marisol

Abstract

One-third of all Neotropical forests are secondary forests that regrow naturally after agricultural use through secondary succession. We need to understand better how and why succession varies across environmental gradients and broad geographic scales. Here, we analyze functional recovery using community data on seven plant characteristics (traits) of 1,016 forest plots from 30 chronosequence sites across the Neotropics. By analyzing communities in terms of their traits, we enhance understanding of the mechanisms of succession, assess ecosystem recovery, and use these insights to propose successful forest restoration strategies. Wet and dry forests diverged markedly for several traits that increase growth rate in wet forests but come at the expense of reduced drought tolerance, delay, or avoidance, which is important in seasonally dry forests. Dry and wet forests showed different successional pathways for several traits. In dry forests, species turnover is driven by drought tolerance traits that are important early in succession and in wet forests by shade tolerance traits that are important later in succession. In both forests, deciduous and compound-leaved trees decreased with forest age, probably because microclimatic conditions became less hot and dry. Our results suggest that climatic water availability drives functional recovery by influencing the start and trajectory of succession, resulting in a convergence of community trait values with forest age when vegetation cover builds up. Within plots, the range in functional trait values increased with age. Based on the observed successional trait changes, we indicate the consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling and propose an ecologically sound strategy to improve forest restoration success.

Published
2021
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35. Multidimensional tropical forest recovery

Author

Poorter, Lourens, Craven, Dylan, Jakovac, Catarina C., van der Sande, Masha T., Amissah, Lucy, Bongers, Frans, Chazdon, Robin L., Farrior, Caroline E., Kambach, Stephan, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Norden, Natalia, Rüger, Nadja, van Breugel, Michiel, Zambrano, Angélica María Almeyda, Amani, Bienvenu, Andrade, José Luis, Brancalion, Pedro H.S., Broadbent, Eben N., de Foresta, Hubert, Dent, Daisy H., Derroire, Géraldine, DeWalt, Saara J., Dupuy, Juan M., Durán, Sandra M., Fantini, Alfredo C., Finegan, Bryan, Hernández-Jaramillo, Alma, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Hietz, Peter, Junqueira, André B., N’dja, Justin Kassi, Letcher, Susan G., Lohbeck, Madelon, López-Camacho, René, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Melo, Felipe P.L., Mora, Francisco, Müller, Sandra C., N’Guessan, Anny E., Oberleitner, Florian, Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, Pérez-García, Eduardo A., Pinho, Bruno X., Piotto, Daniel, Powers, Jennifer S., Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Rozendaal, Danaë M.A., Ruíz, Jorge, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Teixeira, Heitor Mancini, de Sá Barretto Sampaio, Everardo Valadares, van der Wal, Hans, Villa, Pedro M., Fernandes, Geraldo W., Santos, Braulio A., Aguilar-Cano, José, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Arreola-Villa, Felipe, Balvanera, Patricia, Becknell, Justin M., Cabral, George A.L., Castellanos-Castro, Carolina, de Jong, Ben H.J., Nieto, Jhon Edison, Espírito-Santo, Mário M., Fandino, Maria C., García, Hernando, García-Villalobos, Daniel, Hall, Jefferson S., Idárraga, Alvaro, Jiménez-Montoya, Jaider, Kennard, Deborah, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Mesquita, Rita, Nunes, Yule R.F., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Pérez-Cárdenas, Nathalia, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, Villanueva, Lucía Sanaphre, Schwartz, Naomi B., Steininger, Marc K., Veloso, Maria D.M., Vester, Henricus F.M., Vieira, Ima C.G., Williamson, Bruce, Zanini, Kátia, Hérault, Bruno, Poorter, Lourens, Craven, Dylan, Jakovac, Catarina C., van der Sande, Masha T., Amissah, Lucy, Bongers, Frans, Chazdon, Robin L., Farrior, Caroline E., Kambach, Stephan, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Norden, Natalia, Rüger, Nadja, van Breugel, Michiel, Zambrano, Angélica María Almeyda, Amani, Bienvenu, Andrade, José Luis, Brancalion, Pedro H.S., Broadbent, Eben N., de Foresta, Hubert, Dent, Daisy H., Derroire, Géraldine, DeWalt, Saara J., Dupuy, Juan M., Durán, Sandra M., Fantini, Alfredo C., Finegan, Bryan, Hernández-Jaramillo, Alma, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Hietz, Peter, Junqueira, André B., N’dja, Justin Kassi, Letcher, Susan G., Lohbeck, Madelon, López-Camacho, René, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Melo, Felipe P.L., Mora, Francisco, Müller, Sandra C., N’Guessan, Anny E., Oberleitner, Florian, Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, Pérez-García, Eduardo A., Pinho, Bruno X., Piotto, Daniel, Powers, Jennifer S., Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana, Rozendaal, Danaë M.A., Ruíz, Jorge, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Teixeira, Heitor Mancini, de Sá Barretto Sampaio, Everardo Valadares, van der Wal, Hans, Villa, Pedro M., Fernandes, Geraldo W., Santos, Braulio A., Aguilar-Cano, José, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Arreola-Villa, Felipe, Balvanera, Patricia, Becknell, Justin M., Cabral, George A.L., Castellanos-Castro, Carolina, de Jong, Ben H.J., Nieto, Jhon Edison, Espírito-Santo, Mário M., Fandino, Maria C., García, Hernando, García-Villalobos, Daniel, Hall, Jefferson S., Idárraga, Alvaro, Jiménez-Montoya, Jaider, Kennard, Deborah, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Mesquita, Rita, Nunes, Yule R.F., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Pérez-Cárdenas, Nathalia, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, Villanueva, Lucía Sanaphre, Schwartz, Naomi B., Steininger, Marc K., Veloso, Maria D.M., Vester, Henricus F.M., Vieira, Ima C.G., Williamson, Bruce, Zanini, Kátia, and Hérault, Bruno

Abstract

Tropical forests disappear rapidly because of deforestation, yet they have the potential to regrow naturally on abandoned lands. We analyze how 12 forest attributes recover during secondary succession and how their recovery is interrelated using 77 sites across the tropics. Tropical forests are highly resilient to low-intensity land use; after 20 years, forest attributes attain 78% (33 to 100%) of their old-growth values. Recovery to 90% of old-growth values is fastest for soil (<1 decade) and plant functioning (<2.5 decades), intermediate for structure and species diversity (2.5 to 6 decades), and slowest for biomass and species composition (>12 decades). Network analysis shows three independent clusters of attribute recovery, related to structure, species diversity, and species composition. Secondary forests should be embraced as a low-cost, natural solution for ecosystem restoration, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation.

Published
2021

37. Governance and policy constraints of natural forest regeneration in the Brazilian Amazon.

Author

Vieira, Ima C. G., Giles, André, Espírito Santo, Mário M., Mesquita, Rita C. G., Vieira, Daniel L. M., Massoca, Paulo, Rosenfield, Milena F., Albernaz, Ana L. M., Almeida, Danilo R. A., Vieira, Gil, Schietti, Juliana, Ferreira, Marciel, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., and Jakovac, Catarina C.

Subjects
*FOREST regeneration, *SECONDARY forests, *FOREST restoration, *NATIVE plants, ENVIRONMENTAL compliance
Abstract

Environmental legislation requires well‐defined concepts, criteria, and indicators to support its effective implementation and provide legal security to the diverse stakeholders involved. The Native Vegetation Protection Law (NVPL) establishes the obligation to restore native vegetation in protected areas within rural properties. This federal law is regulated and implemented by each state through its own Environmental Compliance Program (Programa de Regularização Ambiental [PRA], in Portuguese). Landowners must register their land, indicate whether native vegetation needs to be restored (i.e. if there is an environmental debt), and submit a restoration plan to the state government for analysis, validation, and approval. Due to the high cost of forest restoration, natural regeneration has most likely become a viable strategy for Amazonian landowners to meet their environmental debts. However, according to disturbance intensity, frequency, and duration, natural regeneration will not always succeed. In this context, we analyzed the PRAs of the seven main Amazonian states to assess the status of their implementation, identify how natural regeneration is defined and approached in the law, and evaluate whether improvements in the law are needed to ensure effective restoration to accomplish the NVPL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Tannins in Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae): effects of seasonality, water availability and plant sex

Author

Espírito-Santo, Mário M, Fernandes, G. Wilson, Allain, Luciana R, and Reis, Ticiana R. F

Subjects
Baccharis dracunculifolia, tannins, sexo, gender, fenologia, irrigação, taninos, phenology, irrigation
Abstract

Several ecological, genetic, and environmental factors are known to influence tannin concentration in plant tissues. In this study, the effects of seasonality, water availability, and sex of the plant on tannin concentration in the dioecious shrub Baccharis dracunculifolia were assessed. The effects of water availability on plant shoot growth and its relationship to tannin concentration were also experimentally evaluated. Tannins occurred in B. dracunculifolia from November to May, peaking during the summer (December to March). However, no relationship between tannin concentration, rainfall and temperature was found. No difference in tannin concentration and shoot growth was found between plants in the irrigated and control treatments, this suggesting that tannin production was affected by factors other than water availability, such as light intensity or plant phenology. There was a negative relationship between tannin concentration and shoot growth, possibly due to a trade-off between these metabolic activities. Plant gender did not influence tannin concentration and shoot growth, indicating that B. dracunculifolia did not show a differential resource allocation between male and female individuals. Vários fatores ecológicos, genéticos e ambientais podem influenciar a concentração de taninos em tecidos de uma planta. Neste estudo, os efeitos da sazonalidade, disponibilidade de água e sexo da planta sobre a concentração de taninos no arbusto dióico Baccharis dracunculifolia foram avaliados. Também foram verificados os efeitos da disponibilidade de água sobre o crescimento de ramos da planta e a relação com a concentração de taninos. Os indivíduos de B. dracunculifolia produziram taninos de novembro a maio, apresentando maiores concentrações durante o verão (dezembro a março). Entretanto, não foram encontradas relações entre a concentração de taninos e a precipitação e a temperatura, assim como também não foram observadas diferenças na concentração de taninos e crescimento de ramos entre plantas irrigadas e controle, sugerindo que a produção dessas substâncias seja afetada por outros fatores, como intensidade de luz ou fenologia da planta. Houve relação negativa entre a concentração de taninos e o crescimento de ramos, possivelmente em virtude de um "trade-off' entre estas atividades metabólicas. Não foram observadas diferenças intersexuais na concentração de taninos e crescimento de ramos, indicando que B. dracunculifolia não apresenta distribuição diferencial de recursos entre indivíduos masculinos e femininos.

Published
1999

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