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7. Exploring the Impact of Astaxanthin Supplementation in Conjunction with a 12-Week CrossFit Training Regimen on Selected Adipo-Myokines Levels in Obese Males.

Author

Moqaddam, Mohammad Ahmadi, Nemati, Morteza, Dara, Marjan Mansouri, Hoteit, Maha, Sadek, Zahra, Ramezani, Akbar, Rand, Mahboubeh Khak, Abbassi-Daloii, Asieh, Pashaei, Zhaleh, Almaqhawi, Abdullah, Razi, Omid, Escobar, Kurt A., Supriya, Rashmi, Saeidi, Ayoub, and Zouhal, Hassane

Abstract

Objective: Obesity is associated with an exacerbated metabolic condition that is mediated through impairing balance in the secretion of some adipo-myokines. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to explore the impact of astaxanthin supplementation in conjunction with a 12-week CrossFit training regimen on some selected adipo-myokines, insulin insensitivity, and serum lipid levels in obese males. Material and Methods: This study is a randomized control trial design; 60 obese males were randomly divided into four groups of 15, including the control group (CG), supplement group (SG), training group (TG), and combined training and supplement group (TSG). The participants were subjected to 12 weeks of astaxanthin (AST) supplementation [20 mg/d capsule, once/d] or CrossFit training or a combination of both interventions. The training regimen comprised 36 sessions of CrossFit, each lasting 60 min, conducted three times per week. The metabolic indices, body composition, anthropometrical, cardio-respiratory, and also some plasma adipo-myokine factors, including decorin (DCN), activin A, myostatin (MST), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and follistatin (FST), were examined 12 and 72 h before the initiation of the main interventional protocols, and then 72 h after the final session of the training protocol. Results: There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the groups (p > 0.05). There were significant interactions between group x time for DCN (η2 = 0.82), activin A (η2 = 0.50), FST (η2 = 0.92), MST (η2 = 0.75), and TGFB-1 (η2 = 0.67) (p < 0.001 for all the variables). Significantly changes showed for DCN in TSG compared to TG and SG and also TG compared to SG (p = 0.0001); for activin A in SG compared to TG (p = 0.01) and TSG (p = 0.002); for FST in SG compared to TG and TSG (p = 0.0001), also in TSG compared to TG (p = 0.0001); for MST in SG, TG, and TSG compared to CG (p = 0.0001) and also in TSG compared to SG (p = 0.0001) and TG (p = 0.001); for TGFB-1 in SG, TG, and TSG compared to CG (p = 0.0001) and also TSG compared to SG (p = 0.0001) and TG (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The 12-week CrossFit training concurrent with AST supplementation reduced anthropometric and metabolic factors and also serum lipid levels while producing positive changes in body composition and cardiovascular factors. Increased FST and DCN and reduced activin A, MST, and TGF-β1 were other affirmative responses to both interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Contributors

Author

Abbatecola, Angela Marie, primary, Abdellatif, Ahmed, additional, Abrahams, Shameemah, additional, Almey, Anne, additional, Artan, Sevilhan, additional, Attia, Hamdino, additional, Ausin, Karina, additional, Bardien, Soraya, additional, Bareš, Martin, additional, Bekker, Minke, additional, Belagodu, Amogh, additional, Bellomo, Antonello, additional, Belova, Olga A., additional, Beltrán-Castillo, Sebastián, additional, Białecka-De¸bek, Agata, additional, Binda, Karina Henrique, additional, Blumberger, Daniel M., additional, Boccardi, Mariangela, additional, Boccardi, Virginia, additional, Boros, Benjamin D., additional, Bors, Luca Anna, additional, Bortolami, Alessandro, additional, Bowie, Daniel C., additional, Bruno, Francesca, additional, Caramelli, Paulo, additional, Cardona-Gómez, G.P., additional, Carr, Jonathan, additional, Cartas-Cejudo, Paz, additional, Casadesus, Gemma, additional, Clements, Grace M., additional, Cuttler, Katelyn, additional, Daniele, Antonio, additional, Daskalakis, Zafiris J., additional, Dibello, Vittorio, additional, Di Rosa, Michelino, additional, D’Agata, Velia, additional, D’Amico, Agata Grazia, additional, du Toit, Andre, additional, Ebrahimi-Mameghani, Mehrangiz, additional, Eggen, B.J.L., additional, Ekpo, Okobi, additional, Erdő, Franciska, additional, Erickson, Kirk I., additional, Erzurumluoglu Gokalp, Ebru, additional, Escobar, Kurt A., additional, Eugenín, Jaime, additional, Fabiani, Monica, additional, Farghali, Mahitab, additional, Federico, Concetta, additional, Fernández-Irigoyen, Joaquín, additional, Ferrari, Federica, additional, Ferrer, Isidro, additional, Filip, Pavel, additional, Fraga, Vanêssa Gomes, additional, Furuse, Mitsuhiro, additional, Galvez, Roberto, additional, Gardener, Samantha L., additional, Gervais, Nicole J., additional, Giannelli, Gianluigi, additional, Gil, Laura, additional, Gomes, Karina Braga, additional, González-Morales, Andrea, additional, Graham, Stuart L., additional, Gratton, Gabriele, additional, Greco, Antonio, additional, Grigoriev, Andrey, additional, Gu, Yian, additional, Guan, Lingyu, additional, Gulley, Joshua M., additional, Gupta, Vivek K., additional, Herskowitz, Jeremy H., additional, Jinno, Shozo, additional, Jonasson, Lars Stiernman, additional, Jové, Mariona, additional, Kang, Shuo, additional, Kelly, Michy P., additional, Kinno, Ryuta, additional, Knyazeva, Maria G., additional, Koh, Joanne, additional, Koini, Marisa, additional, Komleva, Yulia K., additional, Lachén-Montes, Mercedes, additional, La Montagna, Maddalena, additional, Landau, Anne Marlene, additional, Lauretani, Fulvio, additional, Li, Ran, additional, Li, Yuandong, additional, Li, Xuan, additional, Lissemore, Jennifer I., additional, Loos, Ben, additional, Lopatina, Olga L., additional, Lozupone, Madia, additional, MacLean, Andrew G., additional, Maduna, Tando, additional, Maggio, Marcello, additional, Majdi, Alireza, additional, Manan, Hanani Abdul, additional, Marfella, Raffaele, additional, Maugeri, Grazia, additional, Mendizuri, Naroa, additional, Mey, Megan, additional, Mizutani, Kiyohito, additional, Molinari, Claudio, additional, Morsanuto, Vera, additional, Mota-Martorell, Natalia, additional, Navakkode, Sheeja, additional, Nicoll, Gina, additional, Ono, Kenjiro, additional, Ozbabalik Adapinar, Demet, additional, Pamplona, Reinald, additional, Panza, Francesco, additional, Peterson, Tiffany A., additional, Pradas, Irene, additional, Preedy, Victor R., additional, Rainey-Smith, Stephanie R., additional, Real, Caroline Cristiano, additional, Rendeiro, Catarina, additional, Rhodes, Justin S., additional, Rogerson, Georgia A.F., additional, Ruga, Sara, additional, Saccone, Salvatore, additional, Sadigh-Eteghad, Saeed, additional, Salmin, Vladimir V., additional, Salmina, Alla B., additional, Sanayei, Mahzad, additional, Sanfilippo, Cristina, additional, Santamaría, Enrique, additional, Sardone, Rodolfo, additional, Schatten, Heide, additional, Seripa, Davide, additional, Sesti, Federico, additional, Shen, Ting, additional, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, additional, Soong, Tuck Wah, additional, Starnawska, Anna, additional, Staunstrup, Nicklas Heine, additional, Stillman, Chelsea, additional, Sturiale, Valentina, additional, Takai, Yoshimi, additional, Turner, Dennis A., additional, Uberti, Francesca, additional, Vaghef-Mehrabany, Elnaz, additional, Vaghef-Mehrabany, Leila, additional, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A., additional, Villa, Roberto Federico, additional, Villamil-Ortiz, J., additional, von Bernhardi, Rommy, additional, Wang, Ruikang K., additional, Wengle, Lauren, additional, Wu, Yu-Chien, additional, Yahya, Noorazrul Azmie, additional, Yamada, Jun, additional, Yang, Wei, additional, You, Yuyi, additional, Yusoff, Ahmad Nazlim, additional, and Zhai, Jing, additional

Published
2021
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10. Spirulina Supplementation with High-Intensity Interval Training Decreases Adipokines Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men with Obesity

Author

Supriya, Rashmi, primary, Delfan, Maryam, additional, Saeidi, Ayoub, additional, Samaie, Seyedeh Somayeh, additional, Al Kiyumi, Maisa Hamed, additional, Escobar, Kurt A., additional, Laher, Ismail, additional, Heinrich, Katie M., additional, Weiss, Katja, additional, Knechtle, Beat, additional, and Zouhal, Hassane, additional

Published
2023
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11. Astaxanthin Supplementation Augments the Benefits of CrossFit Workouts on Semaphorin 3C and Other Adipokines in Males with Obesity

Author

Supriya, Rashmi, primary, Shishvan, Sevda Rahbari, additional, Kefayati, Movahed, additional, Abednatanzi, Hossein, additional, Razi, Omid, additional, Bagheri, Reza, additional, Escobar, Kurt A., additional, Pashaei, Zhaleh, additional, Saeidi, Ayoub, additional, Shahrbanian, Shahnaz, additional, Bagchi, Sovan, additional, Sengupta, Pallav, additional, Al Kiyumi, Maisa Hamed, additional, Heinrich, Katie M., additional, and Zouhal, Hassane, additional

Published
2023
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12. The Effect of Heat Stress on Heat Shock Protein Expression and Hypertrophy Related Signaling in the Skeletal Muscle of Trained Individuals

Author

Fennel, Zachary J, primary, Ducharme, Jeremy B., additional, Berkemeier, Quint N, additional, Specht, Jonathan W, additional, McKenna, Zachary J., additional, Simpson, Shandy E, additional, Nava, Roberto C., additional, Escobar, Kurt A, additional, Hafen, Paul S., additional, Deyhle, Michael R., additional, Amorim, Fabiano T, additional, and Mermier, Christine M., additional

Published
2023
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20. Spirulina Supplementation with High-Intensity Interval Training Decreases Adipokines Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men with Obesity

Author

Supriya, Rashmi; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2995-1910, Delfan, Maryam, Saeidi, Ayoub; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2458-6256, Samaie, Seyedeh Somayeh, Al Kiyumi, Maisa Hamed; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-4995, Escobar, Kurt A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-6895, Laher, Ismail; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-4417, Heinrich, Katie M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6837-408X, Weiss, Katja; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-6754, Knechtle, Beat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-9103, Zouhal, Hassane; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-6464, Supriya, Rashmi; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2995-1910, Delfan, Maryam, Saeidi, Ayoub; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2458-6256, Samaie, Seyedeh Somayeh, Al Kiyumi, Maisa Hamed; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-4995, Escobar, Kurt A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-6895, Laher, Ismail; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-4417, Heinrich, Katie M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6837-408X, Weiss, Katja; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-6754, Knechtle, Beat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-9103, and Zouhal, Hassane; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-6464

Published
2023

21. Effect of heat stress on heat shock protein expression and hypertrophy-related signaling in the skeletal muscle of trained individuals.

Author

Fennel, Zachary J., Ducharme, Jeremy B., Berkemeier, Quint N., Specht, Jonathan W., McKenna, Zachary J., Simpson, Shandy E., Nava, Roberto C., Escobar, Kurt A., Hafen, Paul S., Deyhle, Michael R., Amorim, Fabiano T., and Mermier, Christine M.

Subjects
HEAT shock proteins, PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of heat, ISOMETRIC exercise, SKELETAL muscle, MUSCLE growth, PROTEIN expression, RESISTANCE training, MUSCULAR atrophy
Abstract

Muscle mass is balanced between hypertrophy and atrophy by cellular processes, including activation of the protein kinase Bmechanistic target of rapamycin (Akt-mTOR) signaling cascade. Stressors apart from exercise and nutrition, such as heat stress, can stimulate the heat shock protein A (HSPA) and C (HSPC) families alongside hypertrophic signaling factors and muscle growth. The effects of heat stress on HSP expression and Akt-mTOR activation in human skeletal muscle and their magnitude of activation compared with known hypertrophic stimuli are unclear. Here, we show a single session of whole body heat stress following resistance exercise increases the expression of HSPA and activation of the Akt-mTOR cascade in skeletal muscle compared with resistance exercise in a healthy, resistance-trained population. Heat stress alone may also exert similar effects, though the responses are notably variable and require further investigation. In addition, acute heat stress in C2C12 muscle cells enhanced myotube growth and myogenic fusion, albeit to a lesser degree than growth factor-mediated hypertrophy. Though the mechanisms by which heat stress stimulates hypertrophy-related signaling and the potential mechanistic role of HSPs remain unclear, these findings provide additional evidence implicating heat stress as a novel growth stimulus when combined with resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle and alone in isolated murine muscle cells. We believe these findings will help drive further applied and mechanistic investigation into how heat stress influences muscular hypertrophy and atrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Autophagy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with body fat percentage.

Author

Amorim, Fabiano T., Nava, Roberto C., Escobar, Kurt A., Li, Zidong, Welch, Anna M., Fennel, Zachary J., McKenna, Zachary J., and Gibson, Ann L.

Subjects
MONONUCLEAR leukocytes, ADIPOKINES, FAT, SPORTS medicine, RESISTIN, COLLEGE sports
Abstract

Numerous chronic conditions including obesity exhibit autophagic dysfunction. Association of immune cell autophagic marker regulation by body fat percentage (%BF) is unknown. Investigate autophagy activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of adults with distinct %BFs and obesity-related circulating inflammatory markers. Sixteen individuals (eight males) with %BF above (n = 8, 36.9 ± 3.6 years, 27.1 ± 8.1%BF) and below (n = 8, 37.1 ± 3.7 years, 13.3 ± 3.7%BF) their age- and sex-specific 50th percentile value based on the American College Sports Medicine guidelines participated. Body fat percentage was calculated from hydrostatic weighing. PBMCs were isolated from venous blood, and PBMC autophagic flux markers (LC3-I, LC3-II, and p62) were measured via Western blot. CRP, resistin, leptin, and adiponectin were measured via ELISA. LC3-II/LC3-I ratio correlated with %BF (r=–0.56, p=.023). Insulin (p=.05) and CRP (p=.018) were higher in high %BF participants. Autophagic activity markers in PBMCs correlate with %BF, but are not different between %BF groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Consumption Reduces Oxidative Stress and Markers of Muscle Damage after Combat Readiness Tests in Soldiers

Author

Shirvani, Hossein, primary, Bazgir, Behzad, additional, Shamsoddini, Alireza, additional, Saeidi, Ayoub, additional, Tayebi, Seyed Morteza, additional, Escobar, Kurt A., additional, Laher, Ismail, additional, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A., additional, Weiss, Katja, additional, Knechtle, Beat, additional, and Zouhal, Hassane, additional

Published
2022
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29. Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Consumption Reduces Oxidative Stress and Markers of Muscle Damage after Combat Readiness Tests in Soldiers

Author

Shirvani, Hossein, Bazgir, Behzad, Shamsoddini, Alireza, Saeidi, Ayoub; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2458-6256, Tayebi, Seyed Morteza; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-3792, Escobar, Kurt A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-6895, Laher, Ismail; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-4417, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A, Weiss, Katja; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-6754, Knechtle, Beat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-9103, Zouhal, Hassane; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-6464, Shirvani, Hossein, Bazgir, Behzad, Shamsoddini, Alireza, Saeidi, Ayoub; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2458-6256, Tayebi, Seyed Morteza; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-3792, Escobar, Kurt A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-6895, Laher, Ismail; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-4417, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A, Weiss, Katja; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-6754, Knechtle, Beat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2412-9103, and Zouhal, Hassane; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6743-6464

Abstract

Military activities often involve high-intensity exercise that can disrupt antioxidant capacity. We investigated the effects of oregano supplementation on muscle damage, oxidative stress, and plasma antioxidant markers of soldiers performing the army combat readiness test (ACRT). Twenty-four healthy male soldiers (age: 24 ± 3 years, height: 167 ± 14 cm, mass: 66 ± 3 kg) were randomized into a placebo group (n = 12) or an oregano supplementation group (n = 12). The participants consumed a capsule containing 500 mg Origanum vulgare immediately after completing the ACRT. Blood sampling was taken before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 60 and 120 min after oregano consumption. Plasma levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured at the four time points. The time × group interactions were found for CK (p < 0.0001, d = 3.64), LDH (p < 0.0001, d = 1.64), MDA (p < 0.0001, d = 9.94), SOD (p < 0.0001, d = 1.88), TAC (p < 0.0001, d = 5.68) and GPX (p < 0.0001, d = 2.38). In all variables, the difference between placebo and oregano groups were significant at 60 (p < 0.0001) and 120 (p < 0.0001) minutes after ACRT test. The main effect of time was also significant for all the variables (p < 0.0001). Our results suggest that oregano supplementation has the potential to reduce muscle damage and increase oxidative capacity following ACRT. Supplementation with oregano may serve as a dietary strategy to increase preparedness and promote recovery in military recruits.

Published
2022

32. Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Consumption Reduces Oxidative Stress and Markers of Muscle Damage after Combat Readiness Tests in Soldiers.

Author

Shirvani, Hossein, Bazgir, Behzad, Shamsoddini, Alireza, Saeidi, Ayoub, Tayebi, Seyed Morteza, Escobar, Kurt A., Laher, Ismail, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A., Weiss, Katja, Knechtle, Beat, and Zouhal, Hassane

Abstract

Military activities often involve high-intensity exercise that can disrupt antioxidant capacity. We investigated the effects of oregano supplementation on muscle damage, oxidative stress, and plasma antioxidant markers of soldiers performing the army combat readiness test (ACRT). Twenty-four healthy male soldiers (age: 24 ± 3 years, height: 167 ± 14 cm, mass: 66 ± 3 kg) were randomized into a placebo group (n = 12) or an oregano supplementation group (n = 12). The participants consumed a capsule containing 500 mg Origanum vulgare immediately after completing the ACRT. Blood sampling was taken before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 60 and 120 min after oregano consumption. Plasma levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured at the four time points. The time × group interactions were found for CK (p < 0.0001, d = 3.64), LDH (p < 0.0001, d = 1.64), MDA (p < 0.0001, d = 9.94), SOD (p < 0.0001, d = 1.88), TAC (p < 0.0001, d = 5.68) and GPX (p < 0.0001, d = 2.38). In all variables, the difference between placebo and oregano groups were significant at 60 (p < 0.0001) and 120 (p < 0.0001) minutes after ACRT test. The main effect of time was also significant for all the variables (p < 0.0001). Our results suggest that oregano supplementation has the potential to reduce muscle damage and increase oxidative capacity following ACRT. Supplementation with oregano may serve as a dietary strategy to increase preparedness and promote recovery in military recruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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37. The Effect of a Moderately Low and High Carbohydrate Intake on Crossfit Performance

Author

ESCOBAR, KURT A., MORALES, JACOBO, and VANDUSSELDORP, TRISHA A.

Subjects
power, glycogen, strength training, resistance training, high-intensity exercise, Original Research, Nutrition, anaerobic exercise
Abstract

CrossFit is a metabolically demanding strength and conditioning method which performance may benefit from a carbohydrate (CHO)-rich diet. This study investigated the effect of three consecutive days of high CHO intake on CrossFit performance and corresponding metabolically -related variables in strength trained individuals. Eighteen subjects with a CHO intake of

Published
2016

40. Effect of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Recovery Following Acute Eccentric Exercise

Author

VanDusseldorp, Trisha, primary, Escobar, Kurt, additional, Johnson, Kelly, additional, Stratton, Matthew, additional, Moriarty, Terence, additional, Cole, Nathan, additional, McCormick, James, additional, Kerksick, Chad, additional, Vaughan, Roger, additional, Dokladny, Karol, additional, Kravitz, Len, additional, and Mermier, Christine, additional

Published
2018
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42. Autophagy is stimulated by acute high intensity interval exercise in human skeletal muscle and electrical pulse stimulation in C2C12 myotubes in vitro

Author

Fabiano Amorim, Christine Mermier (co-chair), Carlos Hiroshi Nitta, Trisha VanDusseldorp, Escobar, Kurt A, Fabiano Amorim, Christine Mermier (co-chair), Carlos Hiroshi Nitta, Trisha VanDusseldorp, and Escobar, Kurt A

Subjects
training
Abstract

Purpose: 1) To compare the effects of an acute bout of HIIT exercise (treadmill running) on autophagy to MICT exercise in human skeletal muscle 3 hours post exercise, and 2) to test an in vitro model of muscle contraction-induced autophagy using electrical pulse stimulation in C2C12 myotubes. Methods: Study 1: Ten recreationally active males and females completed a bout of high intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise and moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICT) exercise in a fasted state. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were taken pre and 3 hours post-exercise. Muscle tissue was analyzed for protein expression of markers of autophagy (LC3I, LC3II) and autophagy signaling (p38MAPK). Study 2: C2C12 myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes and underwent 8 hours of low-frequency electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) and starvation (St) and EPS+St conditions with and without bafilomycin A1 (Baf) or non-treatment control conditions (Con). Cells were harvested immediately following EPS and analyzed for protein expression of markers of autophagy (LC3I, LC3II, and p62). Results: Study 1: No differences were detected for LC3I, LC3II, and p38MAPK at the 3h time point vs. pre-exercise in both HIIT and MICT conditions. The LC3II:LC3I ratio increased 3-h post exercise in the HIIT (162.4, SE: 45.9%), which was significantly higher than the 3h timepoint in the MICT (48.8, SE: 9.4%; p<0.05) Study 2: LC3II (324.4, SE: 29.8%) LC3II:I (258.2, SE: 323.3%), and p62 (437.8, SE: 9.7%) were significantly higher in EPS+Baf conditions compared to control (100%, SE: 9.3, 8.8, 22.6%, respectively) and EPS alone (127.7, SE: 24.3%; 95.5, SE: 13.2%, 251.2, SE: 33.2%) . p62 protein expression was also higher in EPS compared to Con and in St+Baf (320.9, SE: 65.9%) compared Con and St (91, SE: 20.3%). There were no differences between EPS and St alone vs. combined EPS+St conditions in LC3I, LC3

Published
2018

44. A Comparison of Muscle Activation Among the Front Squat, Overhead Squat, Back Extension and Plank.

Author

BAUTISTA, DAVID, DURKE, DUSTIN, COTTER, JOSHUA A., ESCOBAR, KURT A., and SCHICK, EVAN E.

Subjects
SQUAT (Weight lifting), BODY mass index, ISOMETRIC exercise, VASTUS lateralis, BICEPS femoris, ERECTOR spinae muscles
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activation of the scapula, leg, and trunk among the front squat (FS), overhead squat (OHS), back extension (BE) and plank (PL). Seven recreationally trained men (age: 28 ± 3.6 years, body mass: 92 ± 26.1 kg, height: 175 ± 5.3 cm, 3-RM front squat test: 125 ± 49.8 kg, 3-RM overhead squat test: 91 ± 15.5 kg) participated in this withinsubject crossover design. Two isometric exercises (plank and Biering-Sorenson back extension) were also included for trunk musculature comparisons. Neuromuscular activitation of the vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), thoracic region of erector spinae (ES), middle trapezius (MT), rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), serratus anterior (SA), and anterior deltoid (AD). The neuromuscular activity of the FS and OHS were analyzed using a 2 X 3 (squat variation X intensity) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Effects were further analyzed by Bonferroni corrected paired t-tests. Results showed that AD activity was significantly greater (p < .05) during the FS compared to OHS at 65 and 95% of the 3-RM, while MT activity was significantly greater (p < .05) during the OHS than the FS at 80 and 95% of the 3-RM. ES activity was significantly greater (p< .05) during both the FS and OHS compared to the BE, but PL elicited significantly greater EO and RA activity than both the FS and OHS. These findings reveal that the FS and OHS can help facilitate the activation of muscles supporting the shoulder complex, scapula and lower back. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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45. Metabolic profile of a crossfit training bout

Author

Escobar, Kurt Anthony, Morales, Jacobo, Vandusseldorp, Trisha Ann, Escobar, Kurt Anthony, Morales, Jacobo, and Vandusseldorp, Trisha Ann

Abstract

CrossFit is a physically and metabolically-demanding training mode increasing in popularity among recreational athletes. Presently, however, scarce evidence is available documenting its energetic profile. This study investigated the metabolic characteristics of a CrossFit training bout as measured by expired gases and blood lactate. Eleven females and 7 males completed a 12-minute CrossFit bout on two occasions separated by three days. During both experimental sessions (Pt1, Pt2), subjects performed as many rounds as possible (AMRAP) within the timed workout which consisted of consisted of 12 box jumps (30” for males, 20” for females), 6 thrusters (24 kg for males, 16 kg for females), and 6 bar-facing burpees in sequence. Oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), blood lactate (BL), and repetitions completed were measured during both experimental sessions. The average VO2 and RER of both bouts (Pt1 and Pt2) was 37.0 ± 4.8 ml/kg/min and 1.04 ± 0.1, respectively. Average BL significantly increased above pre-exercise concentrations (3.0 ± 1.3 mmol/L) at 4 min (10.1 ± 3.2 mmol/L; p < 0.01), 8 min (12.3 ± 3.5 mmol/L; p < 0.01), and immediately post at 12 min (12.6 ± 3.9 mmol/L; p < 0.01). Repetitions completed in Pt2 (140.2 ± 25.9) were significantly different to repetitions completed in Pt1 (131.2 ± 27.2) (p = 0.023). Average repetitions completed in Pt1 and Pt 2 was 135.7 ± 26.6. These data suggest that CrossFit is a metabolically-demanding conditioning method that relies heavily on both aerobic and anaerobic energy production and may represent an alternative to traditional methods of exercise to improve fitness and longevity.

Published
2017

48. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo

Author

Ramaswamy, Lalitha, primary, Velraja, Supriya, additional, Escalante, Guillermo, additional, Harvey, Phil, additional, Alencar, Michelle, additional, Haddock, Bryan, additional, Durkalec-Michalski, Krzysztof, additional, Jeszka, Jan, additional, Zawieja, Bogna, additional, Podgórski, Tomasz, additional, Trussardi Fayh, Ana Paula, additional, Okano, Alexandre Hideki, additional, de Jesus Ferreira, Amanda Maria, additional, Jäger, Ralf, additional, Purpura, Martin, additional, Harris, Roger C., additional, Krause, Molly M., additional, Lavanger, Kiley A., additional, Allen, Nina O., additional, Lieb, Allison E., additional, Mullen, Katie A., additional, Eckerson, Joan M., additional, Morales, Elisa, additional, Forsse, Jeffrey, additional, Andre, Thomas, additional, McKinley, Sarah, additional, Hwang, Paul, additional, Tinsley, Grant, additional, Spillane, Mike, additional, Grandjean, Peter, additional, Willoughby, Darryn, additional, Jagim, A., additional, Wright, G., additional, Kisiolek, J., additional, Meinking, M., additional, Ochsenwald, J., additional, Andre, M., additional, Jones, M. T., additional, Oliver, J. M., additional, Ferreira, Victor Araújo, additional, de Souza, Daniel Costa, additional, dos Santos, Victor Oliveira Albuquerque, additional, Browne, Rodrigo Alberto Vieira, additional, Costa, Eduardo Caldas, additional, Fayh, Ana Paula Trussardi, additional, Mathews, Suresh T., additional, Bishop, Haley D., additional, Bowen, Clara R., additional, Liang, Yishan, additional, West, Emily A., additional, Rogers, Rebecca R., additional, Marshall, Mallory R., additional, Petrella, John K., additional, Holland, A. Maleah, additional, Kephart, Wesley C., additional, Mumford, Petey W., additional, Mobley, C. Brooks, additional, Lowery, Ryan P., additional, Wilson, Jacob M., additional, Roberts, Michael D., additional, Trexler, Eric T., additional, Hirsch, Katie R., additional, Campbell, Bill I., additional, Mock, Meredith G., additional, Smith-Ryan, Abbie E., additional, Zemek, Kate, additional, Johnston, Carol, additional, Pascoe, David D., additional, Lockwood, Christopher M., additional, Miller, Michael E., additional, Sanders, Gabriel J., additional, Peveler, Willard, additional, Warning, Brooke, additional, Peacock, Corey A., additional, Sandler, David, additional, Ojalvo, Sara Perez, additional, Komorowski, James, additional, Aguilar, Danielle, additional, Vargas, Andres, additional, Conlin, Laurin, additional, Sanders, Amey, additional, Fink-Irizarry, Paola, additional, Norton, Layne, additional, Perry, Ross, additional, McCallum, Ryley, additional, Wynn, Matthew R., additional, Lenton, Jack, additional, Gai, Chris, additional, Donelson, Seth, additional, Best, Shiva, additional, Bove, Daniel, additional, Couvillion, Kaylee, additional, Dolan, Jeff, additional, Xing, Dante, additional, Chernesky, Kyshia, additional, Pawela, Michael, additional, Toledo, Andres D., additional, Jimenez, Rachel, additional, Rabideau, M., additional, Walker, A., additional, Pellegrino, J., additional, Hofacker, M., additional, McFadden, B., additional, Conway, S., additional, Ordway, C., additional, Sanders, D., additional, Monaco, R., additional, Fragala, M. S., additional, Arent, S. M., additional, Stone, Jason D., additional, Kreutzer, Andreas, additional, Oliver, Jonathan M., additional, Kisiolek, Jacob, additional, Jagim, Andrew R., additional, Tok, Ozlem, additional, Pellegrino, Joseph K., additional, Walker, Alan J., additional, Sanders, David J., additional, McFadden, Bridget A., additional, Rabideau, Meaghan M., additional, Conway, Sean P., additional, Ordway, Chris E., additional, Bello, Marissa, additional, Hofacker, Morgan L., additional, Mackowski, Nick S., additional, Poyssick, Anthony J., additional, Capone, Eddie, additional, Monaco, Robert M., additional, Fragala, Maren S., additional, Arent, Shawn M., additional, Patel, Romil K., additional, Newton, Annie, additional, Beck, Darren T., additional, Young, Kaelin C., additional, Silver, Tobin, additional, Ellerbroek, Anya, additional, Buehn, Richard, additional, Vargas, Leo, additional, Tamayo, Armando, additional, Peacock, Corey, additional, Antonio, Jose, additional, Pollock, Adam, additional, Kreutzer, A., additional, Zavala, P., additional, Fleming, S., additional, Jones, M., additional, Haun, Cody T., additional, Hyde, Parker N., additional, Fairman, Ciaran M., additional, Moon, Jordan R., additional, Kendall, Kristina L., additional, Hudson, Geoffrey M., additional, Hannings, Tara, additional, Sprow, Kyle, additional, DiPietro, Loretta, additional, Kalman, Doug, additional, Oliver, J., additional, Wallace, Brian, additional, Bergstrom, Haley, additional, Wallace, Kelly, additional, Monsalves-Alvarez, Matias, additional, Oyharçabal, Sebastian, additional, Espinoza, Victoria, additional, VanDusseldorp, Trisha A., additional, Escobar, Kurt A., additional, Johnson, Kelly E., additional, Cole, Nathan, additional, Moriarty, Terence, additional, Stratton, Matthew, additional, Endito, Marvin R., additional, Mermier, Christine M., additional, Kerksick, Chad M., additional, Romero, Matthew A., additional, Linden, Melissa, additional, Meers, Grace Margaret-Eleanor, additional, Rector, R. Scott, additional, Gills, Joshua L, additional, Lu, Hocheng, additional, Parker, Kimberly, additional, Dobbins, Chris, additional, Guillory, Joshua N., additional, Romer, Braden, additional, Szymanski, David, additional, Glenn, Jordan, additional, Newmire, Daniel E., additional, Rivas, Eric, additional, Deemer, Sarah E., additional, Wildman, Robert, additional, Ben-Ezra, Victor, additional, Kerksick, C., additional, Gieske, B., additional, Stecker, R., additional, Smith, C., additional, Witherbee, K., additional, Lane, Michael T., additional, Byrd, M. Travis, additional, Bell, Zachary, additional, Frith, Emily, additional, Lane, Lauren M. C., additional, Silver, Tobin A., additional, Colas, Megan, additional, Mena, Mauricio, additional, Rodriguez, Winter, additional, Vansickle, Andrea, additional, DiFiore, Brittany, additional, Stepp, Stephanie, additional, Slack, Grant, additional, Smith, Bridget, additional, Ruffner, Kayla, additional, Mendel, Ronald, additional, Lowery, Lonnie, additional, Blue, Malia M. N., additional, Roelofs, Erica J., additional, Coles, Katie, additional, Martinez, Nic, additional, Joy, Jordan M., additional, Vogel, Roxanne M., additional, Hoover, Thomas H., additional, Broughton, K. Shane, additional, Dalton, R., additional, Sowinski, R., additional, Grubic, T., additional, Collins, P. B., additional, Colletta, A., additional, Reyes, A., additional, Sanchez, B., additional, Kozehchain, M., additional, Jung, Y. P., additional, Rasmussen, C., additional, Murano, P., additional, Earnest, C. P., additional, Greenwood, M., additional, Kreider, R. B., additional, Urbina, Stacie, additional, Santos, Emily, additional, Villa, Katelyn, additional, Olivencia, Alyssa, additional, Bennett, Haley, additional, Lara, Marissa, additional, Foster, Cliffa, additional, Wilborn, Colin, additional, Taylor, Lem, additional, Cholewa, Jason M, additional, Hewins, Amy, additional, Gallo, Samantha, additional, Micensky, Ashley, additional, de Angelis, Christian, additional, Carney, Christopher, additional, Campbell, Bill, additional, Rossi, Fabricio, additional, Koozehchian, M. S., additional, O’Connor, A., additional, Shin, S. Y., additional, Jung, Y. Peter, additional, Sanchez, B. K., additional, Coletta, A., additional, Cho, M., additional, and Murano, P. S., additional

Published
2016
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49. Post-exercise cold-water immersion improves the performance in a subsequent 5-km running trial.

Author

Duarte, Tamiris, Araújo, Tatiane, Costa, Karine, De Paula, Fabrício, Ottone, Vinícius, Aguiar, Paula, Aguiar de Matos, Mariana, Magalhães, Flávio, Rocha-Vieira, Etel, Amorim, Fabiano, and Escobar, Kurt

Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of cold temperatures, WATER immersion, EXCESS post-exercise oxygen consumption, COOLDOWN, HEART beat, ATHLETE physiology
Abstract

Various post-exercise strategies have been proposed to accelerate recovery during periods of training. However, the effects of water immersion (WI) temperature on recovery amid multiple daily exercise bouts are not well investigated. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of cold and warm water immersion temperatures between acute exercise bouts vs. no WI recovery on running performance. METHODS: Nine recreationally trained men (age: 24.0 ± 6.0 years old) participated in four experimental sessions using a crossover design. Each experimental session consisted of unilateral eccentric knee flexion exercise and 90 min of treadmill running at 70% of peak oxygen consumption followed by 15 min of WI at 15°C, 28°C or 38°C or passive recovery seated at room temperature (CON). Four hours following WI or CON, subjects completed a 5 km running time trial. Rectal temperature (Trec), heart rate, and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) were measured. RESULTS: Statistical analyses indicated that time trial performance was not affected by post-exercise recovery by WI (P > .05). The magnitude-based inferences indicated that 15°C (+ 3.6 ± 7.8%) likely and 28°C (+ 3.2 ± 7.5%) possibly improved recovery compared with CON, while the effect of 38°C (- 0.1 ± 12.3%) on recovery was unclear. During WI, heart rate and rectal temperature were not different from CON, but EPOC was higher in 15°C and 28°C compared to CON. Trec in 15°C was lower than CON from the 15th min post WI. EPOC was also greater in 15°C post WI compared to CON. CONCLUSION: WI at 15°C and 28°C following acute exercise likely and possibly, respectively, improved subsequent 5 km running time trial performance. We speculate that the faster recovery in core temperature post-exercise may underlie these improvements in recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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