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27. Infant-feeding patterns are related to blood cholesterol concentration in prepubertal children aged 5-11 y: The Fleurbaix-Laventie Ville Sante study

Author

Plancoulaine, S., Charles, M.A., Lafay, L., Tauber, M., Thibult, N., Borys, J.M., and Eschwege, E.

Subjects
Blood cholesterol -- Health aspects, Heredity, Human -- Health aspects, Hypercholesterolemia -- Risk factors, Hypercholesterolemia -- Demographic aspects, Children -- Health aspects
Abstract

Objective: Several studies, mainly in animals, but also in humans, have shown that diet in infancy is associated with differences in blood cholesterol concentrations later in life. The objective was to examine this relationship in children aged 5-11 y after taking into account their current diet and parental hypercholesterolemia. Setting and subjects: 251 prepubertal boys and 223 prepubertal girls enrolled in the schools in two little towns in northern France. Design and methods: Cross-sectional evaluation including measurements of cholesterol concentrations on capillary blood and a single weekday food intake record. Infant feeding patterns were obtained by questionnaire given to the mothers Results: 50% of the children had been breast-fed for a median duration of less than 2 months. Cow&apos;s milk was introduced in the diet as whole milk for 33% of the children. After adjustment for age, height, and sibship, capillary cholesterol concentration was lower in boys who had been breast fed (geometric mean: 4.4, 95% confidence interval of the mean: 4.2-4.6 mmol/L) than in those fed with formula (4.7, 4.5-4.8 mmol/L, P < 0.03). In girls, breastfeeding had no significant effect on blood cholesterol concentration, which was associated with the type of cow&apos;s milk given in infancy: whole milk: 4.9 mmol/L (4.7-5.2); totally or partially skimmed milk: 4.5 mmol/L (4.2-4.6), P < 0.008. The current saturated fat and cholesterol intakes and parental hypercyholesterolemia were associated with current blood cholesterol concentration in children, but did not modify its relationship with infant feeding patterns. Conclusion: Results of the present study suggest that diet in infancy may have longstanding effect on lipid metabolism. Sponsorship: The study was supported by funds from Eridania Beghin-Say, Groupe Fournier, Lesieur and Nestle France, Roche Diagnostic and of the MGEN (Mutuelle Generale de l&apos;Education Nationale, contract INSERM-MGEN #9158) and a grant from the Association de Langue Francaise pour l&apos;Etude du Diabete et du Metabolisme (ALFEDIAM). Descriptors: infant feeding; cholesterol; epidemiology; children, Introduction Several studies, mainly in rats and baboons, have shown that diets in infancy are associated with differences in blood cholesterol concentrations later in life. Some epidemiological studies have suggested [...]

Published
2000

31. The Results of Major Clinical Trials

Author

Autret-Leca, E., Bader, J.-P., Bellet, M., Bergmann, J.-F., Bernard-Harlaud, M., Bernaud, C., Bordet, R., Bouvenot, G., Brun-Strang, C., Castaigne, A., Dumarcet, N., Eschwège, E., Gallard, M., Giri, I., Hamelin, B., Jeanblanc, A., Jolliet, P., Kolsky, H., Lagarde, D., Lapeyre, G., Lassale, C., Lehner, J.-P., Lelouët, H., Malbezin, M., Paulmier-Bigot, S., Pigeon, M., Ravoire, S., Ricordeau, P., Rouveix, B., Soletti, J., Tardieu, S., Thomas, J.-L., Thuillez, C., Fouchard, Marie, and Zannad, Faiez

Published
2004
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32. Lecture critique, évaluation, valorisation, information sur les résultats des grands essais cliniques

Author

Autret-Leca, E., Bader, J.-P., Bellet, M., Bergmann, J.-F., Bernard-Harlaud, M., Bernaud, C., Bordet, R., Bouvenot, G., Brun-Strang, C., Castaigne, A., Dumarcet, N., Eschwège, E., Gallard, M., Giri, I., Hamelin, B., Jeanblanc, A., Jolliet, P., Kolsky, H., Lagarde, D., Lapeyre, G., Lassale, C., Lehner, J.-P., Lelouët, H., Malbezin, M., Paulmier-Bigot, S., Pigeon, M., Ravoire, S., Ricordeau, P., Rouveix, B., Soletti, J., Tardieu, S., Thomas, J.-L., Thuillez, C., Fouchard, Marie, and Zannad, Faiez

Published
2004
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33. Compte rendu de congrès

Author

Angelvin-Bonnety, G., Arnold-Richez, F., Bardelay, G., Baughon, M. C., Challiol, F., Delga, M. E., Doffoël, M., Eschwege, E., Moreaux, J., Pous, J., Robert, C., Benhamou, Jean-Pierre, Buisson, Yves, Fessard, Christian, Andre, Francis, and Fagnani, F.

Published
1992
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34. Evaluation des médicaments après la commercialisation

Author

Banzet, M.N., Blachier, C., Blin, P., Bouhassira, M., Bouvenot, G., Bréart, G., Daurès, J.P., de Cremiers, F., Duguay, C., Eschwege, E., Fagnani, F., Fontbonne-Bayner, A., Giri, I., Hotton, J.M., Ichou, F., Jolliet, P., Joubert, J.M., Koen, R., Lagarde, D., Le Jeunne, C., Leutenegger, E., Marquet, T., Massol, J., Meyer, F., Micallef, J., Paulmier-Bigot, S., Ploin, P.F., Ract, Y., Rauss, A., Ricatte, M., Sainte-Marie, H., Tardieu, S., Vesque, D., Vetel, J.M., Vray, M., Watteau, P., Le Galès, Catherine, El Hasnaoui, Abdelkader, and Goehrs, Jean-Marie

Published
2003
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35. Postmarketing Evaluation of Drugs

Author

Banzet, M.N., Blachier, C., Blin, P., Bouhassira, M., Bouvenot, G., Bréart, G., Daurès, J.P., de Cremiers, F., Duguay, C., Eschwege, E., Fagnani, F., Fontbonne-Bayner, A., Giri, I., Hotton, J.M., Ichou, F., Jolliet, P., Joubert, J.M., Koen, R., Lagarde, D., Le Jeunne, C., Leutenegger, E., Marquet, T., Massol, J., Meyer, F., Micallef, J., Paulmier-Bigot, S., Ploin, P.F., Ract, Y., Rauss, A., Ricatte, M., Sainte-Marie, H., Tardieu, S., Vesque, D., Vetel, J.M., Vray, M., Watteau, P., Le Galès, Catherine, El Hasnaoui, Abdelkader, and Goehrs, Jean-Marie

Published
2003
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36. Risque médicamenteux : prévention

Author

Barouki, R., Blayac, J.P., Bons, B., Caron, J., Castot, A., Childs, M., Daurat, V., Deligne, J., Delmas, C., Demarez, J.P., Eschwege, E., Garcia-Gibot, A., Girard, F., Guilhot, J., Kreft-Jaïs, C., Lagier, G., Lamarque, V., Lebrun-Vignes, B., Lelouet, A., Maillère, P., Malvy, J.L., Mazraani, M., Moachon-Chauvelot, L., Muzard, D., Olivier, P., Pappo, M., Pastor, E., Riché, C., Sallière, D., Thomas, L., Szafir, Deborah, Lelouët, Hervé, and Imbs, Jean-Louis

Published
2003
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37. Prevention of Drug-Induced Risks

Author

Barouki, R., Blayac, J.P., Bons, B., Caron, J., Castot, A., Childs, M., Daurat, V., Deligne, J., Delmas, C., Demarez, J.P., Eschwege, E., Garcia-Gibot, A., Girard, F., Guilhot, J., Kreft-Jaïs, C., Lagier, G., Lamarque, V., Lebrun-Vignes, B., Lelouet, A., Maillère, P., Malvy, J.L., Mazraani, M., Moachon-Chauvelot, L., Muzard, D., Olivier, P., Pappo, M., Pastor, E., Riché, C., Sallière, D., Thomas, L., Szafir, Deborah, Lelouët, Hervé, and Imbs, Jean-Louis

Published
2003
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40. Pancreatic Cancer and Diabetes

Author

Balkau, B., Barrett-Connor, E., Eschwege, E., Jones, S.C., Alberti, K.G.M.M., O'Shea, Robert S., Strom, Brian L., Berlin, Jesse A., Gullo, Lucio, Pezzilli, Raffaele, and Morselli-Labate, Antonio Maria.

Published
1994
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42. Microalbuminuria and markers of the atherosclerotic process: the D.E.S.I.R. study

Author

Mennen, Louise I., Balkau, Beverley, Royer, Bernard, Caradec, Ariane, Marre, Michel, Balkau, B., Eschwège, E., Alhenc-Gelas, F., Bechetoille, A., Gallois, Y., Girault, A., Marre, M., Brochier, M., Chesnier, M.C., Gasnier, M., Le Mauff, J.M., Caradec, A., Arondel, D., Novak, M., Petrella, A., D'Hour, A., Lépinay, P., Royer, B., Verstraete, N., Aubourg, Ph., Cogneau, J., Rougeron, C., Diquero, V., Cacès, E., Cailleau, M., Jacquelin, J.M., Moreau, J.G., Rakotozafy, F., Tichet, J., and Vol., S.

Published
2001
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45. Explanatory Versus Pragmatic Approach in Controlled Clinical Trials, with Special References to Clinical Trials of Platelet-Active Drugs

Author

Eschwege, E., Schwartz, D., Koller, S., editor, Reichertz, P. L., editor, Überla, K., editor, Anderson, J., editor, Goos, G., editor, Gremy, F., editor, Jesdinsky, H.-J., editor, Lange, H.-J., editor, Schneider, B., editor, Segmüller, G., editor, Wagner, G., editor, Victor, N., editor, Broszio, E. P., editor, and Dudeck, J., editor

Published
1981
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46. Concorde: MRC/ANRS randomised double-blind controlled trial of immediate and deferred zidovudine in symptom-free HIV infection. Concorde Coordinating Committee

Author

SELIGMANN, M, WARRELL, D, ABOULKER, J, CARBON, C, DARBYSHIRE, J, DORMONT, J, ESCHWEGE, E, GIRLING, D, JAMES, D, LEVY, J, PETO, T, SCHWARZ, D, STONE, A, WELLER, I, WITHNALL, R, GELMON, K, LAFON, E, SWART, A, ABER, V, BABIKER, A, LHORO, S, NUNN, A, and VRAY, M

Abstract

Concorde is a double-blind randomised comparison of two policies of zidovudine treatment in symptom-free individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): (a) immediate zidovudine from the time of randomisation (Imm); and (b) deferred zidovudine (Def) until the onset of AIDS-related complex (ARC) or AIDS (CDC group IV disease) or the development of persistently low CD4 cell counts if the clinician judged that treatment was indicated. Between October, 1988, and October, 1991, 1749 HIV-infected individuals from centres in the UK, Ireland, and France were randomly allocated to zidovudine 250 mg four times daily (877 Imm) or matching placebo (872 Def). Follow-up was to death or Dec 31, 1992 (total 5419 person-years; median 3.3 years) and only 7% of the 1749 had not had a full clinical assessment after July 1, 1992. Of those allocated to the Def group, 418 started zidovudine at some time during the trial, 174 (42%) of them at or after they were judged by the clinician to have developed ARC or AIDS (nearly all confirmed subsequently) and most of the remainder on the basis of low CD4 cell counts. Those in the Imm group spent 81% of the time before ARC or AIDS on zidovudine compared with only 16% for those in the Def group. Despite the large difference in the amount of zidovudine between the two groups and the fact that the number of clinical endpoints (AIDS and death) in Concorde (347) outnumbers the total of those in all other published trials in symptom-free and early symptomatic infection, there was no statistically significant difference in clinical outcome between the two therapeutic policies. The 3-year estimated survival probabilities were 92% (95% CI 90-94%) in Imm and 94% (92-95%) in Def (log-rank p = 0.13), with no significant differences overall or in subgroup analyses by CD4 cell count at baseline. Similarly, there was no significant difference in progression of HIV disease: 3-year progression rates to AIDS or death were 18% in both groups, and to ARC, AIDS, or death were 29% (Imm) and 32% (Def) (p = 0.18), although there was an indication of an early but transient clinical benefit in favour of Imm in progression to ARC, AIDS, or death. However, there was a clear difference in changes in CD4 cell count over time in the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Published
2016

49. Tenth Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes: Jerusalem, Israel, September 11–13, 1974

Author

Alberti, K. G. M. M., Iversen, J., Christensen, N. J., Andersson, A., Jarrousse, Claire, Andersson, Arne, Hellerström, Claes, Andreani, D., Tamburrano, G., Tamburrano, S., Gambardella, S., Ardill, Joy, Montgomery, D. A. D., Hadden, D. R., Assan, R., Attali, J. R., Selmi, A., Bourdillat, N., Soufflet, E., Girard, J. R., Bajaj, J. S., Chinna, G. S., Garg, S. K., Singh, Baldev, Balasse, E. O., Neef, M. A., Beischer, W., Melani, F., Keller, L., Hinz, M., Kroder, A., Maier, V., Pfeiffer, E. F., Bendayan, M., Sandborn, E., Rasio, E., Bensoussan, D., Levy-Toledano, S., Passa, P., Caen, J., Berger, M., Goodman, M. N., Hagg, S. A., Ruderman, N. B., Beyer, J., Cordes, U., Travniczek, H., Heider, W., Schöffling, K., Happ, J., Grimm, H., Pünchera, W., Althoff, P. H., Fröhlich, A., Bianco, A. R., Schwartz, R. H., Handwerger, B. S., Blackshear, P. J., Holloway, P. A. H., Williamson, D. H., Boquist, L., Hellman, Bo, Lernmark, Åke, Täljedabl, Inge-Bert, Bottermann, P., Schweigart, U., Zilker, Th., Hansen, W., Brachet, E., Rogister, C., Broer, Y., Freychet, P., Rosselin, G., Brunengraber, H., Vertongen, F., Boutry, M., Camu, F., Christacopoulos, P., Karamanos, B., Papadimitriou, P., Kardatos, Ch., Christensen, Niels Juel, Neubauer, Bent, Christophe, Jean, Winand, Jacques, Dehaye, Jean, Cuendet, G. S., Loten, E. G., Jeanrenaud, B., Davis, E., Yodaiken, Ralph E., Yanko, L., Herman, J. B., Garcia, S. Duran, Jarrousse, C., Ditzel, J., Daugaard, Niels Peters, Andersen, Haakon, Egeberg, J., Nerup, J., Andersen, O. O., Kromann, H., Bendixen, G., Poulsen, J. E., Eschwege, E., Falkmer, S., Emdin, S. O., Havu, N., Biuw, L. Winbladh, Sundby, F., Cutfield, J. F., Cutfield, S. M., Dodson, G. G., Peterson, J. D., Steiner, D. F., Fallucca, F., Menzinger, G., Iavicoli, M., Federspil, G., de Palo, C., Zago, E., Casara, D., Zaccaria, M., Scandellari, C., Felber, J. -P., Magnenat, G., Curchod, B., Pittet, Ph., Lytras, N., Müller-Hess, R., Geser, C. A., Jéquier, E., Flanagan, R. W. J., Buchanan, K. D., Murphy, R. F., Fölling, Ivar, Fromantin, M., Freyria, J., Bressac, F., Geisthövel, W., Niedergerke, U., Morgner, K. D., Willms, B., Mitzkat, H. J., Gey, K. F., Bühler, E., Sommer, P., Gey, K. F., Georgi, H., Sommer, P., Lengsfeld, H., Ghiea, D., Costiner, E., Simionescu, L., Oprescu, M., Grill, V., Cerasi, E., Gundersen, H. J. G., Gutman, A., Adler, J., Bar-Or, D., Gutzeit, A., Cerasi, E., Guy-Grand, B., Bigorie, B., Gylfe, Erik, Idahl, Lars-Åke, Hamosh, Margit, Hamosh, Paul, Hart, Adrian, Cohen, H., Thorp, J. M., Hedeskov, C. J., Capito, K., Forruby, B., Henquin, J. C., Lambert, A. B., Lambert, A. E., Henquin, J. C., Hepp, K. D., Renner, R., Häring, H. U., Mehnert, H., Kemmler, W., Löffler, G., Mehnert, H., Herchuelz, A., Mahy, M., Herrera, Emilip, Garcia-Rafanell, J., Morell, J., Heuclin, Ch., Attali, J. R., Girard, J. R., Assan, R., Hicks, B. H., Taylor, C. I., Vij, S. K., Pek, S., Knopf, R. F., Floyd, Jr., J. C., Fajans, S. S., Hockaday, T. D. R., Hockaday, J. M., Mann, J. I., Turner, R. C., Hockaday, T. D. R., Honour, A. J., Ikeda, Y., Saito, S., Matsuura, Y., Obayashi, N., Morimoto, Y., Sano, T., Abe, M., Jacouot, R., Felix, J. M., Legrele, C., Sutter-Dub, M. -Th., Sutter, B. Ch. J., Kammerer, L., Fehér, J., Lévai, J., Dénes, R., Stützel, M., Balázsi, I., Láng, I., Littmann, L., Karakash, C., Assimacopoulos, F., Katsilambros, N., Papadopoulos, G., Varonos, D., Daikos, G., Keen, H., Jarrett, R. J., Fuller, J. H., Kiesselbach, N. H. K., Puls, W., Keup, U., Kikkawa, Ryuichi, Duvillard, D., Ravazzola, M., Stauffacher, W., Köbberling, J., Kattermann, R., Kobberling, J., Creutzfeldt, W., Kohner, Eva M., Hamilton, A. M., Joplin, G. F., Blach, R. K., Fraser, T. R., Kolb, H. J., Weiss, L., Wieland, O. H., Korn, A., Waldhäusl, W., Bonelli, J., Magometsohnigg, D., Hitzenberger, G., Kramp, Robert C., Kremer, G. J., Atzpodien, W., Schnellbacher, B., Krug, B., Mialhe, P., Gross, R., Landgraf, R., Landgraf-Leurs, M., Klingenburg, M., Melamed, I., Hörl, R., Jun, István Láng, Littmann, László, Stützel, Mária, Balázsi, Imre, Langslow, Derek R., Buchanan, Keith D., Freeman, Barry M., Berezin, Meir, Mincu, I., Dumitrescu, C., Ionescu-Tirgoviste, C., Mihalache, N., Boboia, D., Stanescu, J., Ghise-Beer, E., Georgescu, St., Bruckner, I., Popa, I., Muggeo, M., Tiengo, A., Padovan, D., Molinari, M., Müller, Walter A., and Sharp, Geoffrey W. G.

Published
1974
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