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Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the world and produces only water vapor as a result of chemical reaction that occurred in fuel cells. Therefore, fuel cell electric vehicles, which use hydrogen as fuel, continue its growing trend in the sector. In this study, an energy distribution comparison is carried out between fuel cell electric vehicle and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. Hybridization of fuel cell electric vehicle is designed by equipped a traction battery (15 kW). Modeled vehicles were prepared under AVL Cruise program with similar chassis and same fuel cell stacks for regular determining process. Numerical analyses were presented and graphed with instantaneous results in terms of sankey diagrams with a comparison task. WLTP driving cycle is selected for both vehicles and energy input/output values given with detailed analyses. The average consumption results of electric and hydrogen usage is found out as 4.07 kWh and 1.125 kg/100 km respectively for fuel cell electric vehicle. On the other hand, fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle's average consumption results figured out as 3.701 kWh for electric and 0.701 kg/100 km for hydrogen consumption. As a result of this study, fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle was obtained better results rather than fuel cell electric vehicle according to energy and hydrogen consumption with 8% and 32%, respectively. (C) 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

9th International Conference on Hydrogen Production (ICH2P), WOS: 000466455000048, Last three decades, costumers and manufacturers of automotive sector have been influenced positively by Hydrogen and fuel cells (FCs). The main goal of automakers can be pointed as minimizing the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions while improving the range limits, energy efficiency and latest technology adaptation. Therewithal, electric assisted propulsion systems added to vehicles and are called as electric vehicles (EVs). For that matter, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) have become the focus of researchers and producers. In this mini foreseen review, overview of the next quarter century vision of FCEVs are expressed and discussed by the helped of previous researches and with future forecast reports. The introduction part is summarized the general approach and future expectations of FCs in detailed. Technical overview is represented for FCs and FCEVs in terms of current state of technology to foreseen expectancy. Infrastructure analysis and future aspects overview part is also discussed for sector's perspective on FCEVs. The near future perspective of the FCEVs, which is seen as the next step in EVs, is discussed in detail in the next quarter century vision. Authors concluded that, between the 2030s-2050s, hydrogen FCEVs will continue their rising demand scale under the circumstances of decreasing expensive technology; enhanced energy optimization; extended range limits and increasing hydrogen refueling stations. (C) 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Today, the important challenges with the utilization of hydrogen in power-producing applications (internal combustion engines and fuel cells) are its delivery and storage and these create a big hesitation regarding the application safety. Ammonia, which can be regarded as the most promising alternative fuel to hydrogen, provides the possibility of storage in liquid form at low pressures and high temperatures. This study was carried out to investigate how to compensate the drawbacks of using ammonia as the main fuel in a gas turbine by hydrogen and hydroxy-gas enrichment. During the experiments, propane that is standard working fuel of the gas turbine, neat ammonia, as well as a 10 L/min ammonia fuel enriched with 3 L/min, 5 L/min, and 7 L/min hydroxy gas, were utilized. The results show that hydroxy enrichments cause improvements in the performance data as well as emission values due to the absence of any carbon emissions. When the performance outputs are examined, it has been shown that the power values of NH3 + 3 HHO and NH3 + 5 HHO fuels are 10.98% and 3.65% lower than propane, whereas NH3 + 7 HHO fuel produces 4.12% more power, and the desired performance values are reached. It has been also fund that NOx emissions should be kept under control in addition to the increase in the performance and elimination of the carbon emissions. (C) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nowadays technological developments, the use of lasers in production is increasing and plays an important role due to low cost and high accuracy. The heat transfer, over the course of laser-metal interplay, has a great importance in metal forming. In this study, different types of materials were investigated in order to designate the temperature distributions inside material and on the material surface versus the thermodynamic properties of the material used and then the temperature distributions obtained from the analysis were compared each other. In addition, the heat transfer is occurring during the interaction of the laser power of 1.1010 W/m2 and 5.1010 W/m2 with laser power intensity in two main groups using different materials these are steel, nickel, tantalum and titanium, and numerical results are obtained using the finite-difference method. In the first step, a solution is obtained by electron kinetic theory according to the basic heat transfer. In the second step, since heat convection is formed after material has reached the melting point. Using electron kinetic theory model for convection solutions have been obtained. Moreover, the temperature distribution that occurs during the laser metal interaction was studied by variation of the time chart and the material depth. As a result of the study, material's surface at the correct temperature of liquid phase change material and increased depth in the direction perpendicular to the electro-kinetic theory approach is further demonstrated by the decrease in the first manner and then remains constant in exponential phase change temperature. In addition to this the analysis results, the substrate temperature increases, the change in phase in the material becomes smaller and smaller.

1st International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress (IMSEC), WOS: 000412033800073, In this study, an overview has been presented a classification of the vehicles using hydrogen with different ways. The using of hydrogen in vehicles has been categorized into two main categories as designs in which hydrogen is burned and energy is generated by conversion to electricity. The designs of internal combustion vehicles with using hydrogen via burning, the designs of the fuel cell vehicles that using hydrogen by converting into electricity and their hybrid versions have been introduced. In the automotive industry, the structure and future advantages of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles have been handled in a separate title. Onboard storage, safety, the capital cost and operating cost of the different design of vehicles have been analyzed rigorously. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nowadays, with the development of technology, the use of laser in the manufacturing industry is gaining importance because of its low cost and high precision. During the laser-metal interaction, heat transfer to the material and temperature distribution on the material are of great importance in metal forming. In this study, the time depended temperature distribution on the material surface and within the material were examined for interaction of the 1.1010 W/m2 and 5.1010 W/m2 power pulsed lasers with four different materials (steel, nickel, tantalum and titanyum). During laser-metal interaction, in the first step, heat transfer was considered and the analysis was made until the material reaches melting temperature with electron kinetic theory model. In the second step, after the material reached melting temperature, heat transfer by convection was analysed by classical method and heat transfer by conduction was analysed by heat transfer kinetic theory approach (semi-classical theory). In order to determine the variation of temperature distributions within material and material surface depending on material thermodynamic properties, four different materials were examined and the obtained temperature distributions were compared with each other. A computer program was developed for numerical solutions., Günümüzde teknolojinin gelişimi ile imalatsanayisinde laserin kullanımı, düşük maliyet ve yüksek hassasiyetten dolayıönem kazanmaktadır. Laser-metal etkileşimi sırasında malzemeye olan ısıtransferi ve sıcaklık dağılımı metal şekillendirmede büyük bir önem arzetmektedir. Bu çalışmada 1.1010 W/m2 ve 5.1010W/m2 gücündeki darbeli laser ile dört farklı malzemenin (çelik,nikel, tantal ve titanyum)etkileşimi sırasında malzeme yüzeyinde ve malzeme içerisindeki sıcaklıkdağılımı zamana bağlı olarak incelenmiştir. Laser-metal etkileşimi sırasında,birinci aşamada ısı iletimi esas alınmış ve buna bağlı olarak elektron kinetikteori modeli ile malzeme ergime sıcaklığına ulaşana kadar çözüm yapılmıştır.İkinci aşamada malzeme ergime sıcaklığına ulaştıktan sonra taşınımla olan ısıtransferi klasik metotla ve iletimle olan ısı transferi kinetik teoriyaklaşımıyla birlikte (yarı klasik teori) ele alınarak çözüm yapılmıştır.Malzeme içerisindeki ve yüzeyindeki sıcaklık dağılımlarının malzemetermodinamik özellikleriyle değişimini belirlemek gayesiyle dört farklı malzemeincelenmiş ve elde edilen sıcaklık dağılımları birbiriyle kıyaslanmıştır.Nümerik çözümler için bir bilgisayar programı geliştirilmiştir.

Nowadays, alternative fuels usage is increasing due to limited oil reserves and increasing petrol demands. There are many advantages and disadvantages of alternative fuels when used alone. In this study, alternative fuels with various specifications are mixed in different proportions to tolerate these disadvantages. Hydroxy (HHO) and hydroxy enriched compressed natural gas (HHOCNG) fuel mixtures with pilot diesel injection was used as dual-fuels on a non-modified diesel engine and investigated their performance parameters such as torque (T), power (P), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and volumetric efficiency (ηv). This study conducted with AVL Boost simulation program and all graphs are plotted to compare HHO and HHOCNG fuel mixtures performance outputs, additionally all results are compared with neat diesel performance values. The general results show that, HHOCNG enrichment has the best improvement values with respect to single HHO enrichment. Overall improvements for BSFC, torque, power and IMEP values of 25 HHOCNG are 4,086%, 1.67%, 4.13% and 3.67%, respectively.

WOS: 000467210800009, Filtration plays a major role in managing the rapid increase of environmental pollution and deterioration of atmospheric air quality. One of the most damaging noxious gases in the atmosphere is toluene, which is a common gas that appears in crude oil and is used in various production processes. The adsorption behaviour of activated carbon was examined in dependence of the concentration, temperature and relative humidity. The results showed that increasing air temperature decreased the time to reach the maximum saturation ratio, which occurred due to the increasing pore diffusion coefficient and pore diffusion rate.

WOS: 000499456100005, In this study, thermodynamic analysis of an EAF was made to reduce solid wastes and energy consumptions. Then, the slag formation, quicklime consumption and daily energy consumption of the EAF were optimised for different basicity ratios at constant silicium ratios (1.42%). Finally, the system is re-optimised for varying silicium ratios at constant basicity ratio (1.87). As a result of the study, it was seen that the energy consumption was reduced by about 153.26 GJ per day and the mass efficiency of the system was increased from 92.60% to 95.33%. This energy saving is equal to 1,987,016.11 kWh, which is equivalent to the nearly 1,152 tones CO2 reduction per day.

WOS: 000436225600032, A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle requires fuel cells, batteries, supercapacitors, controllers and smart control units with their control strategies. The controller ensures that a control strategy predicated on the data taken from the traction motor and energy storage systems is created. The smart control unit compares the fuel cell nominal output power with the vehicle power demand, calculates the parameters and continually adjusts the variables. The control strategies that can be developed for these units will enable us to overcome the technological challenges for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the near future. This study presents the best hydrogen fuel cell vehicle configurations and control strategies for safe, low cost and high efficiency by comparing control strategies in the literature for fuel economy. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The rejuvenation capability of a catalysed DD fusion reactor is investigated for spent nuclear fuel from light water reactors. The analysis is conducted for mixed-oxide gel with a total enrichment grade of 2.172% at the beginning of rejuvenation. Rejuvenation periods of 12, 20, 28 and 36 months are considered, resulting in final enrichment grades of 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5%, respectively, when the plant load factor is 75%, when a first-wall fusion neutron load of 10 14 cm −2 s −1 caused by 2.45 MeV neutrons, and of 10 14 cm −2 s −1 caused by 14.1 MeV neutrons, are assumed. This corresponds to a first-wall load of 2.64 MW/m 2

The potential of a catalyzed fusion-driven fast hybrid blanket to regenerate Canada deuterium uranium (CANDU) spent fuel is investigated. The investigations are done to achieve enrichment grades of fissile isotopes (EGFIs) in four applications: 1. recycling in a conventional commercial CANDU reactor (EGFI = 0.71 to 0.9%) 2. recycling in an advanced conceptual CANDU reactor with a high burnup rate (EGFI = 1%) 3. recycling in an advanced breeder with thorium fuel (EGFI > 1.5%) 4. recycling in a conventional light water reactor (LWR) (EGFI > 3%).