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In order to screen Perilla resources suitable for both medicine and food, basic nutritional quality, main active components and mineral content were determined in 14 purple Perilla frutescens lines (No.C01~C14), which were collected from Guizhou, Hunan, Shanxi and Heilongjiang provinces. The nutritional quality of Perilla leaves was evaluated by factor analysis and systematic cluster analysis. In addition, the essential oil types of the Perilla lines were also analyzed. The results showed that the content of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, soluble protein, total free amino acids and soluble sugar were 12.87~19.52, 2.07~4.19, 6.59~9.84 g/100 g, 0.99~2.49, 0.17~1.57 and 28.90~61.54 g/kg, respectively. The contents of flavonoids, total phenols and vitamin C were 13.28~24.35 g/kg, 59.26~99.18 mg/kg and 1.16~8.17 mg/100 g. The content of Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu was 13.96~27.86, 5.60~8.94, 4.63~19.74 and 0.52~2.61 mg/kg, respectively. Factor analysis showed that the four common factors of ''sugar and mineral elements'', ''active substances'', ''protein'' and ''fat'' could be extracted from the multitudinous nutrient factors of Perilla leaves. The best comprehensive quality performance was C05, followed by C12, C11, C06 and C10. Cluster analysis indicated that 14 Perilla lines could be divided into three groups, they were ''high-sugar and high-mineral group'', ''high-fat and high-protein and high-active ingredient group'' and ''high-fiber and low-nutrition group'', including 8, 3 and 3 lines correspondingly. The essential oil detection and composition analysis showed that the content of essential oil ranged from 0.25% to 1.09% in 14 Perilla lines. The chemotype of essential oil of 14 Perilla lines could be divided into four types: PA type (rich in L-perillaldehyde), pp-m type (rich in 1,3-benzodioxole, 4-methoxy-6-(2-propenyl)-), atypical EK+type (mainly containing elsholtzia ketone) and MP type (rich in 1-(furan-2-yl)-4-methylpentan-1-one), including 7, 1, 2 and 4 Perilla lines respectively. After comprehensive evaluation, it was concluded that C05 was the best line in quality and was also rich in PA-type essential oil, which could be developed into both medicine and food.

High temperature stress results in yield loss and alterations to seed composition during seed filling in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). However, the mechanism underlying this heat response is poorly understood. In this study, global transcription profiles of 20 d-old siliques of B. napus were analyzed after heat stress using a Brassica 95k EST microarray. The up-regulated genes included many HSF/HSP transcripts and other heat-related marker genes, such as ROF2, DREB2a, MBF1c and Hsa32, reflecting the conservation of key heat resistance factors among plants. Other up-regulated genes were preferentially expressed in heat-stressed silique walls or seeds, including some transcription factors and potential developmental regulators. In contrast, down-regulated genes differed between the silique wall and seeds and were largely tied to the biological functions of each tissue, such as glucosinolate metabolism in the silique wall and flavonoid synthesis in seeds. Additionally, a large proportion (one-third) of these differentially expressed genes had unknown functions. Based on these gene expression profiles, Arabidopsis mutants for eight heat-induced Brassica homologous genes were treated with different heat stress methods, and thermotolerance varied with each mutation, heat stress regimen and plant development stage. At least two of the eight mutants exhibited sensitivity to the heat treatments, suggesting the importance of the respective genes in responding to heat stress. In summary, this study elucidated the molecular bases of the heat responses in siliques during later reproductive stages and provides valuable information and gene resources for the genetic improvement of heat tolerance in oilseed rape breeding.

To study the functions of 14-3-3 gene family in tall fescue, the potential functions of 13 14-3-3 proteins in Arabidopsis were investigated by bioinformatic analysis. Based on the sequences of 14-3-3 genes in tall fescue by transcriptome and proteomic sequencing, the full-length cDNA sequences of 4 14-3-3 genes in tall fescue were obtained. Their sequences were aligned by Clustal W2. The results showed that the genetic relationships between 14-3-3A and 14-3-3D, 14-3-3B and 14-3-3C are closer, and their main structures are very conservative. The changes in expression levels of 14-3-3 genes under low nitrogen, drought, high temperature and high salt stresses were investigated by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The expression level of 14-3-3A makes responses to low nitrogen, drought, high temperature and high salt stresses; the expression levels of other genes also make responses to abiotic stresses in varying degrees, but the relevant response mechanisms are not exactly the same. Therefore, it is speculated that the 14-3-3 gene family regulates stress resistance of plants through different pathways, and functional differentiation occurs during its evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This study aimed to study the structure and functions of SRP gene arid variation in its expression under abiotic stresses. [Method] Using the SRP sequence obtained from transcriptome sequencing as the template, the full-length cDNA sequence of SRP gene in Festuca arundinacea was amplified using the 3'RACE and 5'RACE methods. [Result] The cDNA sequence of SRP gene has a full length of 1 165 bp, and it contains an open reading frame in full length of 855 bp. The encoded protein by SRP gene is composed of 284 amino acids, and contains a REF domain. The bioinformatic researches on structures and functions of SRPs show that the SRP gene in Festuca arundinacea {FaSRP} has relatively high homologies with SRPs in monocots. Under low nitrogen, drought, high temperature and high salt stresses, the variations in expression of FaSRP gene were studied using fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that FaSRP gene makes responses to low nitrogen, drought and high temperature stresses, but the relevant response mechanisms are not the same, indicating different pathways regulating resistance of plants. The expression of FaSRP gene is insensitive to high salt stress. [Conclusion] This study will provide certain candidate gene arid technical reserve for breeding of drought- and high temperature-tolerarit, nutritious and highly efficient Festuca arundinacea cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]