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440 results on '"Erlenmeyer-Kimling L"'

11. Latent structure of DSM-III-R axis II psychopathology in a normal sample

Author

Moldin, Steven O., Rice, John P., Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L., and Squires-Wheeler, Elizabeth

Subjects
Personality disorders -- Research, Personality tests -- Analysis, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Analysis of the administration of the Personality Disorder Examination to 302 normal controls in the New York High-Risk Project reveals the psychopathological quantitative dimension and the validity of Axis II diagnosis. The orthogonal factors of the Axis II hypothesis are evaluated by the confirmatory factor analysis, LISREL. The analysis also reveals an overlap in the personality disorders.

Published
1994

26. Social competence and positive and negative symptoms: a longitudinal study of children and adolescents at risk for schizophrenia and affective disorders

Author

Dworkin, Robert H., Bernstein, Genya, Kaplansky, Lucy M., Lipsitz, Joshua D., Rinaldi, Anthony, Slater, Sharon L., Cornblatt, Barbara A., and Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L.

Subjects
Social skills in children -- Psychological aspects, Affective disorders -- Evaluation, Social skills in children -- Evaluation, Schizophrenia -- Risk factors, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Researchers have increasing emphasized the distinction between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Positive symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, and certain types of thought disorder; flat affect and other types of thought disorder are considered negative symptoms. These groups of symptoms are hypothesized to represent different underlying processes in the disease. In the present study, positive and negative symptoms and social competence were measured in 44 children at risk for schizophrenia, 38 children at risk for affective disorders (e.g., depression), and 62 matched normal children. The children were considered at-risk for a particular disorder, if they had a parent with that disorder. The study was longitudinal in design; at the first assessment, children were an average of 9 years old; at the second, they were an average of 12.3 years old; and at the third evaluation, they were an average of 15.4 years old; representing childhood, early adolescence, and adolescence, respectively. In childhood, there were no significant group differences on measures of social competence, negative symptoms, or positive symptoms as rated by standardized scales. By early adolescence, however, children at risk for schizophrenia began to show a deficit in social competence compared with the normal control children and the children at risk for affective disorders. They also had more positive thought disorders than children at risk for affective disorder, but they did not differ from normal children in this regard. There were no differences among the groups on negative symptoms. In adolescence, children at risk for schizophrenia maintained a relatively poor level of social competence compared with the other groups and had greater positive and negative symptoms. It is concluded that children at risk for schizophrenia are more likely than others to have social deficits in early adolescence and adolescence, and these children also have greater positive and negative symptoms in adolescence. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

27. Biobehavioral Risk Factors in Children of Schizophrenic Parents.

Author

Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. and Cornblatt, Barbara

Abstract

Research on risk factors for schizophrenia is reviewed with emphasis on children of schizophrenic parents. Four areas of biobehavioral functioning that have been examined in high-risk research are discussed. Three of these are considered compatible with hypothesis neurointegrative defect underlying schizophrenic-proneness. (Author/CL)

Published
1984

34. Schizophrenia and prenatal exposure to the 1957 A2 influenza epidemic in Croatia

Author

Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L., Folnegovic, Zdenko, Hrabak-Zerjavic, Vlasta, Borcic, Berislav, Folnegovic-Smalc, Vera, and Susser, Ezra

Subjects
Schizophrenia -- Research, Prenatal influences -- Research, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

The authors present data from the Republic of Croatia on schizophrenia rates in a birth cohort prenatally exposed to the 1957 A2 influenza epidemic and in comparison (unexposed) birth cohorts. The rate of schizophrenia did not differ significantly between the exposed and unexposed cohorts.

Published
1994

35. No relation between risk of schizophrenia and prenatal exposure to influenza in Holland

Author

Susser, Ezra, Lin, Shang P., Brown, Alan S., Lumney, L.H., and Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L.

Subjects
Netherlands -- Health aspects, Health risk assessment -- Reports, Schizophrenia -- Research, Prenatal diagnosis -- Research, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

The authors compared the risk of schizophrenia in Dutch birth cohorts that were or were not exposed during the second trimester of gestation to the 1957 A2 influenza epidemic. Exposed birth cohorts did not have a higher risk of schizophrenia. These findings suggest that, in some populations, there is no relation between prenatal exposure to influenza and risk of schizophrenia.

Published
1994

46. Negative and positive dimensions of schizotypal personality disorder

Author

Roberts S, Squires-Wheeler E, G.P. Amminger, Looser-Ott S, Erlenmeyer-Kimling L, Andrew E. Skodol, Pape K, and D. Friedman

Subjects
Adult, Male, P3 amplitude, Psychometrics, Offspring, Serial Learning, Developmental psychology, Perceptual Disorders, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Risk Factors, Memory span, medicine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Big Five personality traits, Young adult, Cerebral Cortex, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Working memory, Mood Disorders, Cognition, medicine.disease, Schizotypal personality disorder, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Neurobehavioral Manifestations, Memory, Short-Term, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Schizophrenia, Female, Psychology, Social Adjustment
Abstract

The positive (perceptual-cognitive) and negative (social-interpersonal) dimensions of schizotypal personality traits were examined in biological relatives of individuals with Axis I disorder. The subjects were young adult offspring from three contrasting parental groups, including schizophrenic disorder, affective disorder, and normal controls. Cognitive correlates, including digit span (presumed to assess working memory) and P3 amplitudes, were also examined. Preliminary results showed that positive and negative dimensions were distinguished by different prevalence patterns in the offspring subjects, and by a different pattern of correlations with cognitive measures. Negative dimensions were more frequent in offspring from the schizophrenic parental group than in the offspring from affective disorder and normal control parental groups. Digits forward and backward, and P3 amplitude decrements, characterized a subset of offspring with negative features from the schizophrenic parental group. Positive dimensions did not differ between the psychiatric parental groups, and did not covary with digit span or P3 amplitude assessments. These results support the view that positive and negative dimensions may reflect separable pathophysiologic processes.

Published
1997

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