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Copyright of Community & Physician / Toplum ve Hekim is the property of Turk Tabipleri Birligi / Turkish Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Balikesir Health Sciences Journal / Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Balikesir Health Sciences Journal (BAUN Health Sci J) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background We aimed to investigate the magnitude of occupational class (OC) and educational level (EL) inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors in Turkey from 2008 to 2016 and compare these inequalities with neighbouring European countries. Methods We used the Turkey Health Survey among a representative sample of the Turkish population. We estimated relative index of inequality (RII) for four cardiovascular risk factors (obesity/overweight, hypertension, diabetes, smoking) by OC/EL with an interaction term for survey year and compared selected results with neighbouring countries. Results Men with lower OC and EL smoked more (e.g. RII for EL = 1.40 [1.26–1.55]); however, the remaining risk factors were mostly lower in these groups. Women in lower socio-economic groups smoked less (e.g. RII for EL = 0.36 [0.29–0.44]), however, had higher prevalence of the remaining risk factors. Significant interactions with survey year were only found in a few cases. The pattern of inequalities in Turkey is largely similar to neighbouring countries. Conclusions Inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors are less systematic in Turkey than in most high-income countries, but ongoing trends suggest that this may change in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of falls, fear of falling (FOF) and related factors in individuals aged 80 and over living in the Balçova district of Izmir. Methods: One thousand and seventy‐five individuals aged 80 years or older participated. The dependent variables were falls and fear of falling. The independent variables were socio‐demographic and socio‐economic characteristics, health‐related characteristics and 'safety status of home' features. Results: The participants' mean age was 84.1 ± 3.7 (range, 80‐101) years, and 60.8% were female (n = 582). The prevalence of falls was 35.4% in the last year, and fear of falling was 86.6%. The risk factors for falls were number of chronic diseases, moderate and high fall risk, sleep disturbance and slippery bathroom floors, whilst for fear of falling they were number of chronic diseases, female gender, living alone and moderate or high fall risk. Conclusion: A monitoring program is indicated to address high fall and fear of falling prevalence among people aged 80 and over. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid dysgenesis and parental age. Material and Methods: A total of 105 patients with thyroid dysgenesis who were between 0-17.9 years of age were studied. The age of the patients and their parents, gender, parental consanguinity, family history of congenital hypothyroidism, clinical and laboratory findings were recorded. Control group consist of six healthy children for each patient, considering their birth dates. Results: A total of 105 patients (56 females, 53.3%) with thyroid dysgenesis and 630 controls were included in the study. Hypoplasia was detected in 50 cases (46.6%), ectopia in 26 cases (24.8%), aplasia in 20 cases (19.0%) and hemiagenesis in 9 cases (8.6%). The mean maternal age of the patients with thyroid dysgenesis was 27.87±5.36 years, which is significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). There was an increased risk of having a baby with thyroid dysgenesis in the 28-31 years and > 32 years age groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that maternal age was higher in the patients with thyroid dysgenesis than in the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: After signing and approving the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), Turkey amended laws on tobacco control in 2008 and also expanded the smoking ban in 2013 to include drivers in all vehicles. Four years later, this amendment does not seem as effective. The aim of this study was to observe violation of the law by the drivers and to analyze the association between gender of the driver, type of the vehicle, approximate age group definition of the passenger (either child or adult), and the law violation in two streets in Konak district, İzmir, Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, two observer teams were located in two different busy streets on the same afternoon and they collected data on the violation of the law, gender of the driver, approximate age group definition of the passengers (either adult or child), and type of the vehicle (special, taxi, or other commercial). Logistic regression for the violation of the law was conducted. RESULTS: Law violation prevalence is 7.2%. In univariate analysis, the gender of the driver and having at least one child as a passenger were associated with the violation of the law. In multivariate analysis, not having children increases (OR: 8.4) the risk of the violation of the law. CONCLUSION: The violation of the law was high, but the drivers seemed to be aware of the harms of smoking by looking at the increased risk of the violation in vehicles, in which no child was carried as passengers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]