Search

Currently available focal knee resurfacing implants (FKRIs) are fully or partially composed of metals, which show a large disparity in elastic modulus relative to bone and cartilage tissue. Although titanium is known for its excellent osseointegration, the application in FKRIs can lead to potential stress‐shielding and metal implants can cause degeneration of the opposing articulating cartilage due to the high resulting contact stresses. Furthermore, metal implants do not allow for follow‐up using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).To overcome the drawbacks of using metal based FKRIs, a biomimetic and MRI compatible bi‐layered non‐resorbable thermoplastic polycarbonate‐urethane (PCU)‐based FKRI was developed. The objective of this preclinical study was to evaluate the mechanical properties, biocompatibility and osteoconduction of a novel Bionate® 75D ‐ zirconium oxide (B75D‐ZrO2) composite material in vitro and the osseointegration of a B75D‐ZrO2 composite stem PCU implant in a caprine animal model. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of the B75D‐ZrO2 composite were characterized through in vitro mechanical tests under ambient and physiological conditions. In vitro biocompatibility and osteoconductivity were evaluated by exposing human mesenchymal stem cells to the B75D‐ZrO2 composite and culturing the cells under osteogenic conditions. Cell activity and mineralization were assessed and compared to Bionate® 75D (B75D) and titanium disks. The in vivo osseointegration of implants containing a B75D‐ZrO2 stem was compared to implants with a B75D stem and titanium stem in a caprine large animal model. After a follow‐up of 6 months, bone histomorphometry was performed to assess the bone‐to‐implant contact area (BIC). Mechanical testing showed that the B75D‐ZrO2 composite material possesses an elastic modulus in the range of the elastic modulus reported for trabecular bone. The B75D‐ZrO2 composite material facilitated cell mediated mineralization to a comparable extent as titanium. A significantly higher bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) score was observed in the B75D‐ZrO2 implants compared to the B75D implants. The BIC of B75D‐ZrO2 implants was not significantly different compared to titanium implants. A biocompatible B75D‐ZrO2 composite approximating the elastic modulus of trabecular bone was developed by compounding B75D with zirconium oxide. In vivo evaluation showed an significant increase of osseointegration for B75D‐ZrO2 composite stem implants compared to B75D polymer stem PCU implants. The osseointegration of B75D‐ZrO2 composite stem PCU implants was not significantly different in comparison to analogous titanium stem metal implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Soft tissue techniques are frequently used to treat musculoskeletal disorders. Releasing the muscles through intervention from remote areas is especially important in cases where the muscles are sensitive, inaccessible or cannot be positioned appropriately. This study aimed to examine the effect of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) on hamstring flexibility via the fascial chain. Methods 35 healthy individuals were included in the study. Straight leg raise (SLR) and popliteal angle (PA) measurements were performed to measure hamstring flexibility. IASTM was applied to the triceps surae muscle and plantar fascia on the non-dominant sides of the participants. The non-dominant legs of the individuals constituted the intervention group, while no intervention was applied to their dominant legs, designated as the control group. Results Each group significantly differed in the SLR and PA before and after intervention (p 0.05). There was no difference between the groups regarding the SLR and PA measurement changes from baseline to post-intervention (p = 0.583, p = 0.892). Conclusions According to the current study results, a single session of IASTM applied to remote areas does not increase hamstring flexibility. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05750550, Date: 19/02/2023.

The objective of this study is to assess the accuracy of ChatGPT's responses regarding core exercises. A total of 23 questions were asked to ChatGPT 3.5 about core exercises. Nine physiotherapists assessed the accuracy of the answers provided by ChatGPT for these questions using a 5-point Likert scale (5: strongly agree, 1: strongly disagree). The maximum possible score achievable through Likert scoring is 115, while the minimum score is 23. The answers of the artificial intelligence received an average of 3.93±0.46 (minimum: 3.48, maximum: 4.91) points. The lowest score obtained from the responses of ChatGPT was 3.22 ± 0.97 (question 21), whereas the highest score was 4.56 ± 0.53 (questions 12 and 18). Despite having some shortcomings, ChatGPT has generally provided satisfactory answers regarding core exercises. Artificial intelligence holds the potential to offer counselling to individuals, enhance their health outcomes, and support the work of professionals across the field of exercise science, including health and sports specialists.

The purpose of this study was to examine the technostress levels of science field faculty members in the Kyrgyz Republic. The relational survey model was used to investigate whether there was a significant difference and a relationship between demographic variables such as gender, age, field of science, seniority, technological education level, and availability of a personal computer in terms of technostress and its sub-dimensions. The sample of the study consisted of 274 science faculty members, with 156 females and 118 males working at different universities in the Kyrgyz Republic. “Personal Data Form” and “Defining Teachers’ Technostress Levels Scale” were used as data collection tools in the study. The results showed that the general technostress levels of the participants were at a medium level. General technostress levels and technostress sub-dimensions scores of science faculty members did not differ by their genders, ages, seniorities, technology educations, and availability of their computers. There was a low level of positive correlation between age and the scores of the occupational and personal sub-dimensions of technostress; It was determined that there was a low-level, positive, statistically significant relationship between the seniority variable and the personal-oriented sub-dimension. It can be concluded that as the year of seniority progresses, academicians' technostress scores also increase. These findings reveal that seniority has certain effects on the technostress levels of academicians, but these effects vary based on sub-dimensions.

The absence of instructional support during peer feedback prevents students from engaging with peer feedback. This study adopted regulated dialogic feedback as the instructional foundation and investigated its impact on students’ engagement using an experimental research design. Students in the experimental group (n = 26) performed the feedback practice with a regulated dialogic feedback approach through three phases, each involving a different regulation type: 1. negotiation and coordination of feedback activities involving shared regulation of learning (SSRL); 2. feedback provision and discussion to support its uptake involving co-regulation of learning (CoRL); and 3. translation of feedback into task progress involving self-regulation of learning (SRL). Students in the control group (n = 25) performed the feedback practice without the regulated dialogic feedback approach in an online discussion forum. The study lasted for 10 weeks for both groups. The research data included students’ responses to peer feedback engagement surveys, students’ learning behaviors, and the transcripts of interviews with students. The survey results show that the regulated dialogic feedback led to a higher cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement with the feedback practice. Based on the feedback-related learning behaviors, this study found that the SSRL, SRL, and CoRL processes can potentially promote cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement. Extreme case analysis demonstrated how the support for SSRL, SRL, and CoRL promoted engagement in all three areas (cognitive, behavioral, and emotional). Pedagogical implications were provided for creating engaging dialogic feedback practices.

The revolutionary breakthrough of ChatGPT has significantly impacted various fields, including education. To produce maximum benefit in education from this innovative technology, it should be properly integrated into educational settings to create effective ways for learning while paying attention to ethical considerations. Understanding students’ use and opinions of ChatGPT for educational purposes can provide valuable insight for practitioners and researchers to establish best practices for its proper adoption. In this regard, the aim of this study is to examine the attitudes and perspectives of university students toward using ChatGPT in their courses. A survey was conducted with 88 students from a Turkish state university. The hypotheses were constructed based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Partial-Least-Square-Structural-Equation-Model (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the research hypotheses and confirm the research model. The findings of the study demonstrate that students mostly have a positive attitude toward using ChatGPT in education, affected by emotions, privacy concerns, and social influence. However, they also have ethical concerns about the way ChatGPT is used in classes and about the potential negative impacts of ChatGPT on creativity and productivity. The findings of this study have significant implications for re-considering traditional educational settings in light of contemporary technological advancements.

Lecture capture videos, a popular type of instructional content used by instructors to share course recordings online, play a significant role in educational settings. Compared to other educational videos, these recordings require minimal time and effort to produce, making them a preferred choice for disseminating course materials. Despite their numerous benefits, there exists a scarcity of data-driven evidence regarding students’ use of and engagement with lecture capture videos. Most existing studies rely on self-reported data, lacking comprehensive insights into students’ actual video engagement. This research endeavor sought to bridge this gap by investigating university students’ engagement patterns while watching lecture capture videos. To achieve this objective, we conducted an analysis of a large-scale dataset comprising over one million rows of video interaction logs. Leveraging clustering and process mining methodologies, we explored the data to reveal valuable insights into students’ video engagement behaviors. Our findings indicate that in approximately 60% of students’ video-watching sessions, only a small portion of the videos (an average of 7%) is watched. Our results also show that visiting the video page does not necessarily mean that the student watched it. This study may contribute to the existing literature by providing robust data-driven evidence on university students’ lecture capture video engagement patterns. It is also expected to contribute methodologically to capturing, preprocessing, and analyzing students’ video interactions in different contexts.

Abstract Background Immature central nervous system, extended stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, and sensory experience deficiency may contribute to oral and gross motor delay in preterm infants. Current study aimed to investigate oral and motor development in preterm infants. Methods Twenty-nine preterm infants and 28 term infants were evaluated within the scope of the study. Oral motor feeding development was assessed with the Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment, and motor development was evaluated with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. All analyses were performed using SPSS 22. The study was approved by the Gazi University Clinical Researches Ethics Committee (no: 25901600–23). Results There was a correlation between the Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment categories (solid, semisolid, cracker, puree, bottle, and cup) and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale score (p

Abstract Using a micro dataset from labour force survey of Turkey and employing a multinomial logistic regression, this paper examines the determinants of mere overeducation, mere field of study mismatch and full-mismatch (who are both overeducated and field of study mismatched simultaneously). The target group consists of full-time wage-based employees who graduated from higher education and are aged 20–65. The determinants of mismatch are analysed under four variable groups which are labour market context, demography, field of study and job-specific characteristics. In line with the earlier empirical evidence, we find that the unfavourable economic conditions at the time of entry into the labour market might affect the behavioural pattern of individuals while searching for a matching job. Moreover, the sharp increase in university graduates increased further the fierce competition for the limited jobs available in the labour market, and resulted in a high likelihood of mismatch especially for the recent graduates. In sum, the estimation results yield that any mismatch category is responsive to those determinants where fully-mismatched employees are more responsive. Hence, we propose that the policy implications should better focus on the full-mismatch category.

Objective:Osteoporosis is an important public health problem characterized by the deterioration of the microarchitecture of bone tissue and low bone mineral density. In our study, we compared the physical activity levels and quality of life of postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 104 postmenopausal women (52 osteoporosis-52 non-osteoporosis). Personal characteristics data form, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Short Form and Quality of Life Questionnaire of The European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO-41) were used for evaluation.Results:QUALEFFO-41 mobility, QUALEFFO-41 mental functions, and QUALEFFO-41 total scores of individuals with osteoporosis were found to be significantly higher than individuals without a diagnosis of osteoporosis (p=0.046, p=0.001, p=0.024, respectively). Physical activity levels of individuals with and without a diagnosis of osteoporosis were found to be similar according to the IPAQ classification (p>0.05). There was a weak negative correlation between the IPAQ total scores and the QUALEFFO-41 total scores of individuals with osteoporosis (p=0.007).Conclusion:The quality of life of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis is low, and the increase in physical activity level is associated with a better quality of life. Increasing the level of physical activity in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis may have a positive effect on improving the quality of life.

Background: The present study aimed to identify the frequency of Fabry disease in patients with cardiac hypertrophy of unknown etiology and to evaluate demographic and clinical characteristics, enzyme activity levels, and genetic mutations at the time of diagnosis. Methods: This national, multicenter, cross-sectional, single-arm, observational registry study was conducted in adult patients with a clinical echocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy and/or the presence of prominent papillary muscle. In both genders, genetic analysis was performed by DNA Sanger sequence analysis. Results: A total of 406 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy of unknown origin were included. Of the patients, 19.5% had decreased enzyme activity (≤2.5 nmol/mL/h). Although genetic analysis revealed GLA (galactosidase alpha) gene mutation in only 2 patients (0.5%), these patients were considered to have probable but not 'definite Fabry disease' due to normal lyso Gb3 levels and gene mutations categorized as variants of unknown significance. Conclusion: The prevalence of Fabry disease varies according to the characteristics of the population screened and the definition of the disease used in these trials. From cardiology perspective, left ventricular hypertrophy is the major reason to consider screening for Fabry disease. Enzyme testing, genetic analysis, substrate analysis, histopathological examination, and family screening should be performed, when necessary, for a definite diagnosis of Fabry disease. The results of this study underline the importance of the comprehensive use of these diagnostic tools to reach a definite diagnosis. The diagnosis and management of Fabry disease should not be based solely on the results of the screening tests.

Araştırmanın amacı: evli bireylerin evlilik uyumu ve yaşam doyumunun incelenmesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen araştırma amacına ulaşabilmek için nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda, öncelikle cinsiyet, yaş, yaşadığı yer, eğitim düzeyi, evlilik süresi, çocuk sayısı, aile gelir düzeyi gibi demografik değişkenler arasında evlilik uyumu, yaşam doyumu açısından anlamlı düzeyde bir fark olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. İkinci olarak, evlilik uyumu, yaşam doyumu arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığı sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Kırgızistan’ın farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan ve evliliklerinde en az bir yıl geçirmiş olan evli bireylerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma 309 kadın ve 171 erkek olmak üzere 480 evli birey ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya katılan evli bireylere araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulmuş Kişisel Bilgi Formu, geliştirilmesi ve uyarlanması Türkiye’de yapılmış Yenilenmiş Çift Uyum Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Uygulamadan önce ölçek sahiplerinden gerekli izinler alınmış ve sonrasında kırgız kültürüne uyarlanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi için, bağımsız örneklem t-Testi, tek yönlü ANOVA, Pearson korelasyon katsayısı analizleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, evli bireylerin evlilik uyumu cinsiyet ve evlilik süresine göre farklılaşırken, yaş ve çocuk sayısı değişkenlerine göre farklılaşmamaktadır. Yaşam doyumu ise, cinsiyet, yaş ve evlilik süresine göre farklılaşırken, çocuk sayısı değişkenine göre farklılaşmadığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, evlilik uyumu ile yaşam doyumu pozitif ve anlamlı ilişkinin olduğu saptanmıştır.

Introduction: Hamstring injuries are common in physically active people and athletes. Lack of hamstring flexibility is the one of the most important characteristics of hamstring injuries in athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of three different stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility in professional football players. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five male football players between the ages of 18–20 years old were involved in the study. The participants were divided into 3 groups: static stretching, neuromobilization and Mulligan traction straight leg raise (TSLR), respectively. Each participant’s dominant lower extremity was assessed with a straight leg raise test (SLR) using a goniometer before and after the intervention. Results: There was a significant difference in the SLR range of motion before and after the intervention in all groups. There was no difference in the range of SLR between the groups at the beginning and at the end. However, the increase in the SLR range of motion was significantly higher in the Mulligan TSLR group. Conclusions: It was concluded that all 3 stretching techniques are effective in increasing hamstring flexibility in football players. However, the Mulligan TSLR technique could provide a greater increase in the range of motion than other techniques.

Website phishing technique is the process of stealing personal information (ID number, social media account information, credit card information etc.) of target users through fake websites that are similar to reality by users who do not have good intentions. There are multiple methods in detecting website phishing technique and one of them is multilayer perceptron (MLP), a type of artificial neural networks. The MLP occurs with at least three layers, the input, at least one hidden layer and the output. Data on the network must be trained by passing over neurons. There are multiple techniques in training the network, one of which is training with metaheuristic algorithms. Metaheuristic algorithms that aim to develop more effective hybrid algorithms by combining the good and successful aspects of more than one algorithm are algorithms inspired by nature. In this study, MLP was trained with Hybrid Salp Swarm Jaya (HSSJAYA) and used to determine whether websites are suspicious, phishing or legal. In order to compare the success of MLP trained with hybrid algorithm, Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) and Jaya (JAYA) were compared with MLPs trained with Cuckoo Algorithm (CS), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Firefly Algorithm (FFA). As a result of the experimental and statistical analysis, it was determined that the MLP trained with HSSJAYA was successful in detecting the website phishing technique according to the results of other algorithms.

Object:To prepare a national guideline for Otorhinolaryngologist who treat allergic rhinitis patients.Methods:The study was conducted by three authors, namely the writing support team. The support team made the study plan, determined the writing instructions, chose the subgroups including the advisory committee, the advisors for authors and the authors. A workshop was organized at the very beginning to explain the details of the study to the team. Advisors took the chance to meet their coworkers in their subgroups and determined the main headings and subheadings of the guideline, together with the authors. After key words were determined by the authors, literature search was done in various databases. The authors keep in touch with the advisors and the advisors with the advisory committee and the support group at every stage of the study. National and International published articles as well as the abstracts of unpublished studies, imperatively presented in National Congresses, were included in this guideline. Only Guideline and meta-analyses published in last seven years (2013-2017) and randomized controlled studies published in last two years (2015-2017) were included. After all work was completed by the subgroups, support team brought all work together and edited the article.Results:A detailed guideline about all aspects of allergic rhinitis was created.Conclusion:The authors believe that this guideline will enable a compact and up-to-date information on allergic rhinitis to healthcare professionals. This guideline is the first in the field of Otolaryngology in Turkey. It should be updated at regular intervals.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether vitamin B12 levels are associated with premature ejaculation ( PE). A total of 109 subjects (56 PE and 53 controls) were included in this study. PE was defined as self-reported intravaginal ejaculatory latency time ( IELT) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV criteria and those who had had an IELT of <2 min was considered as PE. All participants were evaluated using premature ejaculation diagnostic tool ( PEDT), International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF) and Beck Depression Inventory ( BDI). The vitamin 12 levels were measured in all subjects. The mean age between the PE and controls was comparable ( p = .084). Mean IIEF and BDI scores between the two groups did not statistically differ. The mean IELT values in the PE group were significantly lower than in the control group ( p < .0001). PE patients reported significantly lower vitamin B12 levels compared with the controls (213.14 vs. 265.89 ng ml−1; p < .001). The ROC analysis showed a significant correlation between the diagnosis of PE and lower vitamin B12 levels. This study has demonstrated that lower vitamin B12 levels are associated with the presence of PE. This work also shows a strong correlation between vitamin B12 levels and the PEDT scores as well as the IELT values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]