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The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of adjuvant radiotherapy (intraoperative radiotherapy, IORT; postoperative radiotherapy, PORT), and definitive radiotherapy for non-metastatic pancreatic cancer.Ninety-nine patients were analyzed. Thirty patients underwent IORT with surgery, 31 underwent PORT after surgery, and 38 underwent definitive radiotherapy. Tumor stage [Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) 2009] was as follows: Stage I, 7; IIA, 16; IIB, 31; III, 45. The doses for IORT, PORT, and definitive radio therapy were 20 to 30, 40 to 64.6, and 50.4 to 61.2 Gy, respectively. Associations between clinical parameters including age, gender, tumor site, stage, performance status, surgical margin, and use of chemotherapy and local control (LC) or overall survival (OS) were analyzed.Follow-up periods for all patients were 1.1-145 months (median, 11). OS rate in the IORT, PORT, and definitive radiotherapy groups was 22%, 16%, and 6%, respectively, at 2 years. The 5-year OS rate was 13%, 3.2%, and 0%, respectively. Local control rate at 2 years was 33%, 35%, and 0%, respectively. No Grade ≥ 3 tox icities were observed. Distant metastasis was less common in the IORT group. Stage and surgical margin were sig nificant factors for OS after IORT. Performance status and chemotherapy were significant factors for OS after PORT and definitive radiotherapy.The present study showed the safety of the three treatment modalities, but the outcomes were not satisfactory. More intensive strategies including radiotherapy should be investigated.

Background To evaluate the long-term efficacy and toxicity of radiation therapy in patients with Stage IE primary ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Methods We designed a retrospective analysis to evaluate 81 patients with ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma treated with radiation therapy between 2006 and 2016. The median radiation dose was 30 Gy (range, 30–36 Gy in 15–18 fractions). Local control, progression-free survival, overall survival, and cumulative incidence of Grade 3 cataract were calculated by using the Kaplan–Meier method. Result The median follow-up time was 74 months (range, 4–157 months). The 5-year local control was 100%. Although local relapse was suspected in 3 patients after radiation therapy, 2 patients were pathologically diagnosed as IgG4-related inflammation and in 1 patient as intense inflammatory cell infiltration. The 5-year progression-free survival was 94.4%. Five patients had relapse at distant sites. The 5-year overall survival was 98.8%. Twenty patients had Grade 3 cataract. The 5-year cumulative incidences of Grade ≥ 3 and Grade ≥ 2 cataract for 58 patients treated without a lens shield were 38 and 40%, respectively. The incidence of Grade ≥ 3 cataract was 42% for 50 patients treated with 6-MV X-rays (estimated lens dose: 29 Gy) and 17% for 8 patients treated with 9-MeV electrons (estimated lens dose: 24 Gy). Conclusions Radiation therapy alone yielded excellent local control and long-term survival in Stage IE ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Long-term observation with careful attention to relapse at distant sites is necessary. In the case of suspected local relapse, IgG4-related disease should be carefully ruled out.

Cardiac contractility evaluation using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) has recently attracted much attention as a clinical cardiotoxicity predictive model. Most studies on this were conducted under spontaneous beating conditions and involved video-based analyses. Cardiac contractility is known to be influenced by beating rates; accordingly, beating rate control is recommended to accurately analyze the effects of drugs on cardiac contractility. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between contraction parameters and beating rates of cardiac cell sheet tissues by directly measuring the contraction force and compared the effects of ion channel drugs (mexiletine, ranolazine, and dofetilide) on contraction parameters under spontaneous beating conditions with those under pacing (1 Hz) conditions. To characterize the contraction/relaxation kinetics, we introduced a novel analysis tool, called a "C-V loop," a plot of contraction force versus force-changing rate ("velocity"). When we increased the beating rate, the contraction force, force-changing rate, and relaxation time markedly decreased. The occurrence frequencies of beating arrest and irregular beats at high concentration ranges of mexiletine and ranolazine were more suppressed in paced samples than in spontaneously beating ones. We also found that relaxation time increased by treatment with dofetilide and contraction amplitude decreased in a concentration-dependent manner by mexiletine treatment only in the samples under pacing. These drug responses were consistent with the previous reports using human samples. These results indicated that beating rate control is necessary to stably evaluate the effects of drugs on contractility and that tests under 1-Hz pacing are more relevant to clinical settings.

Objective Measurement of sensory thresholds could represent a complementary tool to behavioural pain scores in cats. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of quantitative sensory testing (QST) with the Electronic von Frey Anesthesiometer (EVF) and von Frey filaments (VFF) in healthy cats, and to assess the limits of agreement (LOA) between the two devices. Study design Prospective clinical study. Animals A total of 15 client-owned healthy cats. Methods Two investigators (A and B) carried out the measurements independently. The EVF and the VFF were applied on the upper lip and at the level of the medial aspect of the stifle. A 1-hour interval was allowed between the sets of measurements taken by investigators A and B; each investigator repeated the entire session of measurements after 24 hours. The LOA between the EVF and the VFF were analysed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and with the Bland Altman method. Results QST with both the EVF and the VFF was feasible in healthy cats; however, the willingness of the cats to cooperate was negatively affected by the repetition of the measurements on the second day. The presence of the cat owners seemed to facilitate the trial. There was a fair agreement between the EVF and the VFF (ICC = 0.49; 95% confidence interval: 0.13–0.70). Conclusions and clinical relevance Our findings indicate that both EVF and VFF may be used for QST in cats. Further trials will be needed to verify the usefulness of QST with EVF and VFF in feline patients suffering from actual chronic pain.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is usually an indolent neoplasm with a low rate of local recurrence and metastasis. Although dedifferentiation of low-grade sarcoma is well documented, the concept of dedifferentiated SFT was not recognized until recently. A case of intracranial SFT with seven recurrences within 5 years, showing progression and dedifferentiation during the course of disease, is reported here. A 51-year-old woman with a history of irradiation during infancy presented with a SFT in the right posterior fossa. Because of the close proximity to the brain stem, the tumor could not be removed completely. The tumor recurred 12, 16, and 28 months after the initial operation. With the repeated recurrences, cellularity, mitotic count, and Ki-67 (MIB-1) index increased gradually. The histology suddenly changed at the fourth recurrence, which occurred 16 months after postoperative radiation therapy for the third recurrence. The tumor revealed a fibrosarcoma-like appearance with necrosis and markedly increased mitotic activity. The tumor further recurred 50, 52, and 55 months after the initial operation with the same fibrosarcoma-like histology. The patient died of uncontrolled tumor 58 months after the initial operation. In this case radiation may have played some role in the tumorigenesis, progression, and dedifferentiation of the SFT.

We have conducted nationwide surveys of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) treated since 1985. In the present study, we newly collected data between 2000 and 2004 and investigated changes in clinical features and outcome over time. A total of 739 patients with histologically proven PCNSL under going radiotherapy were analyzed. Seventeen institutions were surveyed, and data on 131 patients were collected. These data were compared with updated data that were previously obtained for 466 patients treated during 1985-1994 and 142 patients treated during 1995-1999. Recent trends toward decrease in male/female ratio, increase in aged patients, and increase in patients with multiple lesions were seen. Regarding treatment, decrease in attempts at surgical tumor removal and increases in use of systemic chemotherapy and methotrexate (MTX)-containing regimens were observed. The median survival time was 18, 29, and 24 months for patients seen during 1985-1994, 1995-1999, and 2000-2004, respectively, and the respective 5-year survival rates were 15%, 30%, and 30%. In groups seen during 1995-1999 and during 2000-2004, patients who received systemic or MTX-containing chemotherapy had better prognosis than those who did not. Multivariate analysis of all patients seen during 1985-2004 suggested the usefulness of MTX-containing chemotherapy as well as the importance of age, lactate dehydrogenase level, and tumor multiplicity as prognostic factors. Thus, this study revealed several notable changes in clinical features of PCNSL patients. The prognosis improved during the last 10 years. Advantage of radiation plus chemotherapy, especially MTX-containing chemotherapy, over radiation alone was suggested.

The prognosis of localized extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL), has improved with the development of chemoradiotherapy. However, conventional extended-field radiotherapy may cause optic disorders. Our group has employed smaller radiation fields in an attempt to avoid toxicity. The efficacy and toxicity of treatments were evaluated. Chemoradiotherapy was delivered with a shrinking-field radiotherapy strategy. The endpoints of this study were overall survival (OS), local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and toxicity. Fifteen patients with localized ENKTL were treated. After irradiation (median, 40 Gy) to the tumor plus a prophylactic volume, a reduced treatment volume to the tumor was boosted (median, 10 Gy). Twelve patients underwent chemoradiotherapy and 3 patients received radiotherapy alone. A complete response was achieved in 12 and a partial response in 3 patients. The 5-year OS, PFS, and LC rates were 80, 67, and 93 %, respectively. Distant recurrence occurred in 4 patients and locoregional and distant recurrence in 1 patient. Cataract (grade 3) and dry eye (grade 2) were observed as late adverse events in 1 patient each. Sufficiently high OS and LC were achieved with acceptable toxicities. Appropriate target volumes may be smaller with newer chemotherapy regimens.

The Fine Pixel CCD (FPCCD) is one of the candidate vertex detectors for the ILC. We performed neutron irradiation test of the FPCCD with CYRIC proton beam line at Tohoku University. After the irradiation of 19-year neutron fluence at the 500 GeV high luminosity ILC, the performance of the FPCCD was tested. The dark current increased but was still three order of magnitude smaller than signal charge. The fraction of hot pixels increased to 1.2 × 10−5 which is enough small for operation. Charge transfer inefficiencies for horizontal and vertical directions were measured to be 3.49 × 10−5 and 6.34 × 10−5, respectively. Even for the farthest pixel from a readout channel, 63% of signal remains after the transfer. We conclude that neutron fluence at the 500 GeV high luminosity ILC is not a problem for the FPCCD.

Purpose: Results of radiation therapy for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) were poor in the 1970 –1980s, with most reported 5-year survival rates being less than 10%. To investigate whether the prognosis of PCNSL patients treated by radiation alone remains still poor, we investigated the results of radiation monotherapy in the 1990s. Methods and Materials: We collected data on 132 patients with histologically proven PCNSL treated by radiation alone in the 1990s from three nationwide or regional multiinstitutional studies conducted by the Japanese Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (JASTRO) Lymphoma Study Group or the Chubu Radiation Oncology Group. Follow-up data were updated as far as possible. Eleven patients who did not complete planned radiotherapy were included. The data were analyzed in relation to patient and tumor characteristics. The median patient age was 63 years, and the World Health Organization performance status (PS) was 3 or 4 in 40% of the patients. Multiple tumors were seen in 34%. Whole-brain irradiation with or without focal boost was used in 92%. The median radiation dose to the tumor site was 50 Gy (range, 8 –74 Gy). Results: For all 132 patients, the median survival time was 18 months and the 5-year survival rate was 18.0%. For 62 patients with PS 0 –3 and aged 16 – 65 years (i.e., those eligible for the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 20962 study), the median survival was 26 months and 5-year survival was 24%. The 5-year survival was 25% for patients 63 years old or younger, and 9.8% for those older than 63 years (p 0.0005). The 5-year survival was 22% for patients with PS 0 –2 and 13% for those with PS 3 or 4( p 0.0040). Multivariate analysis confirmed the negative influence of higher age on patient prognosis. Conclusions: The results of radiation monotherapy for PCNSL appear to have improved as compared with those reported previously. The results of new treatment should be evaluated in light of this finding. Since most prospective studies on the combined treatment exclude poor PS and high-age patients, the 5-year survival rate of 30% may not be regarded as a marked improvement over radiation alone. © 2005 Elsevier Inc.

To explore the effects of oxidative stress on metabolizing enzymes in blood cells, we examined the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) on glutathione S-transferase (GST) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) expression in a human erythroleukemic cell line, K562. After adding H(2)O(2) (up to 100 microM) to the culture medium of K562 cells, the expression levels of GST and CYP enzymes were monitored by RT-PCR. The expression of GSTP1 and CYP3A4 was induced by oxidative stress. Quantitative PCR and immunoblot analysis revealed a 3- to 4-fold increase in GSTP1 and CYP3A4 mRNA, and a 2- to 3-fold increase in GSTP1 and CYP3A4 protein levels, 3 d after the addition of 100 microM H(2)O(2). Induction was H(2)O(2) dose-dependent and also depended on the length of culture. Our results suggest that oxidative stress may affect GST and/or CYP expression in human blood cells, which may alter the metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics and thus, the toxicity of these compounds to the blood cells.

We report a case of recurrent angiosarcoma (AS) in a 63-year-old man, effectively treated with a superselective continuous intra-arterial injection of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) combined with electron beam radiotherapy. The patient, who had undergone surgical resection for AS on his face near the nasal bridge, was admitted to our hospital because of recurrent AS on his bilateral cheeks. We placed 4-French catheters in the right external carotid artery (ECA) and superselectively in the left facial artery. A continuous intra-arterial injection of rIL-2 was administered in combination with radiotherapy using a 6 MeV electron beam. The lesion rapidly decreased in size. The total dose of rIL-2 was 3.72 × 107 IU (International Unit) in the right ECA and 2.96 × 107 IU in the left facial artery, while the total radiation dose was 50 Gy, in 25 fractions, for the tumor on the right cheek and 46 Gy, in 23 fractions, for the erythematous plaque on the left cheek. The patient was discharged with almost no cutaneous lesion on his cheeks. Unfortunately, there was another recurrence of AS and the patient died of respiratory failure due to lung metastases. However, as the lesion could be completely controlled even for a while, we believe this treatment method will contribute to the future management of AS.

目的: 頭頸部局所進行癌の治療効果を高めるためにCBDCAによる超選択的持続動注療法を放射線治療に併用した。対象と方法: 対象は1992年8月から1995年3月までの症例で, 選択動脈は舌動脈が16例, 顔面動脈が6例, 顎動脈7例, 外頸動脈から途中で舌動脈にカテーテルを挿入した症例が1例であった。CBDCAの1日量は10mg/m2 (総量360,400mg/m2), 15mg/m2 (総量405, 450mg/m2), 20mg/m2 (総量400, 460, 500mg/m2) と漸増した。結果: CR25例, PR5例で Dose limiting factor は白血球減少であり, 最大至適投与量は460mg/m2であった。結論: 本治療法は抗腫瘍効果, 副作用の点から臨床適用が可能であり, Phase 2 study へ移行する価値のある研究である。

上咽頭癌の治療成績改善のためにCDDP, 5-FUによる全身化学療法を放射線療法に併用した。CDDP 50mg/mm2/日2日間, 5-FU 700mg/mm2/日5日間を1kurとし, 1986年から1990年6月までは2kur, 1990年7月以後は3kur施行した。放射線治療と化学療法との併用方法は交替療法とした。Grade 3以上の副作用は白血球減少を1例, 悪心, 嘔吐などの腹部症状を8例に認めた。治療効果では所属リンパ節再発を1例, 遠隔転移を3例に認めた。生存率は以前の放射線治療単独例に較べ, 有意に改善を認めた。

Objectives: A phase II study was performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) combined with an orally active fluoropyrimidine, S-1, plus cisplatin for locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC). Methods: CCRT comprised 2 courses, a 30-Gy radiotherapy over 3 weeks plus daily oral S-1 (80 mg/m2/day) for 2 weeks and a 24-hour cisplatin infusion (70 mg/m2) on day 8, and an identical course administered after a 2-week break. Results: One hundred and sixteen patients, 12 with stage II, 71 with stage III, and 33 with stage IVa LAEC participated, and 106 of them (91.4%) completed the CCRT course. The most serious toxicity was myelosuppression: grade 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in 28.4 and 9.5% of patients, respectively. Nonhematologic toxicity was moderate. Complete response rates in patients with stage II, III, and IVa LAEC were 91.7, 67.6, and 36.4%, respectively. The overall median survival time was 2.3 years and that of patients with stage II, III, and IVa cancer was 7.0, 2.6, and 1.3 years, respectively. Conclusions: CCRT combined with S-1 plus cisplatin showed promising safety and efficacy. Potentially, this combination therapy could become a baseline medication for patients with LAEC.

We have fabricated two new types of readout ASICs for the FPCCD vertex detector, one with a 0.35 μm CMOS process, the other with 0.25 μm CMOS process and evaluated there performance. By using a finely segmented pixel CCD of 5-by-5 μm2 called FPCCD for the vertex detector, we intend to achieve high vertex resolution as well as suppress pixel occupancy, which is essential for tracking particles and performing flavor tagging at the ILC. FPCCD imposes several requirements upon the readout ASIC concerning readout speed, noise, readout precision and power consumption. The evaluation results towards these requirements are presented and issues to be resolved are discussed.

The ubiquitin/proteasome pathway plays a crucial role in many biological processes. Here we report a novel role for the Arabidopsis 19S proteasome subunit RPT2a in regulating gene activity at the transcriptional level via DNA methylation. Knockout mutation of the RPT2a gene did not alter global protein levels; however, the transcriptional activities of reporter transgenes were severely reduced compared to those in the wild type. This transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) was observed for transgenes under control of either the constitutive CaMV 35S promoter or the cold-inducible RD29A promoter. Bisulfite sequencing analysis revealed that both the transgene and endogenous RD29A promoter regions were hypermethylated at CG and non-CG contexts in the rpt2a mutant. Moreover, the TGS of transgenes driven by the CaMV 35S promoters was released by treatment with the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, but not by application of the inhibitor of histone deacetylase Trichostatin A. Genetic crosses with the DNA methyltransferase met1 single or drm1drm2cmt3 triple mutants also resulted in a release of CaMV 35S transgene TGS in the rpt2a mutant background. Increased methylation was also found at transposon sequences, suggesting that the 19S proteasome containing AtRPT2a negatively regulates TGS at transgenes and at specific endogenous genes through DNA methylation.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is usually an indolent neoplasm with a low rate of local recurrence and metastasis. Although dedifferentiation of low-grade sarcoma is well documented, the concept of dedifferentiated SFT was not recognized until recently. A case of intracranial SFT with seven recurrences within 5 years, showing progression and dedifferentiation during the course of disease, is reported here. A 51-year-old woman with a history of irradiation during infancy presented with a SFT in the right posterior fossa. Because of the close proximity to the brain stem, the tumor could not be removed completely. The tumor recurred 12, 16, and 28 months after the initial operation. With the repeated recurrences, cellularity, mitotic count, and Ki-67 (MIB-1) index increased gradually. The histology suddenly changed at the fourth recurrence, which occurred 16 months after postoperative radiation therapy for the third recurrence. The tumor revealed a fibrosarcoma-like appearance with necrosis and markedly increased mitotic activity. The tumor further recurred 50, 52, and 55 months after the initial operation with the same fibrosarcoma-like histology. The patient died of uncontrolled tumor 58 months after the initial operation. In this case radiation may have played some role in the tumorigenesis, progression, and dedifferentiation of the SFT.

舌癌の組織内照射後の骨壊死を防止する目的で Rediolucent Spacer を製作した。これは線源と下顎骨との距離を離すことで, 骨への線量を減少させるものである。材料のシリコン樹脂は, 放射線透過性を有するため裝着した状態でのX線撮影が可能で, より正確な線量計算が行える。厚さ8mmのスペーサーを使用した6症例の下顎歯肉表面への線量減少率は, TDFで腫瘍線量の平均42.3%に減少できた。2年以上最長9年4か月, 平均5年7か月の経過観察ができた51症例の骨壊死発生率は0%であったことから, 厚さ8mm以上のスペーサーは, 有用な補助裝置と考える。また照射開始時期の抜歯は, 極力無菌的に歯槽突起切除も行い創部を完全に縫合閉鎖することが必要である。

A 51-year-old man was hospitalized for evaluation of dysphagia and bloody stool. Gastrointestinal endoscopy showed esophageal cancer invading the gastric fundus. A metastatic lesion was demonstrated in the sigmoid colon. The patient agreed to have concurrent chemoradiotherapy for the primary lesion, followed by additional chemotherapy. The first course included 30 Gy of radiotherapy given over 3 weeks, together with daily oral administration of S-1 (80 mg/m2 per day) for 2 weeks, and a 24-h infusion of cisplatin (70 mg/m2) on day 8. After a second course of chemoradiotherapy, four additional courses of chemotherapy with S-1 and cisplatin were administered, at 4-week intervals. After the additional chemotherapy, gastroscopy and colonoscopy showed disappearance of both the primary and the metastatic lesions. One year after his initial hospitalization, no recurrence of either the primary or the metastatic tumor lesions is evident.

No effective treatment for advanced esophageal cancer extending to adjacent organs or associated with distant metastasis is known. We prospectively analyzed the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with uracil plus tegafur (UFT) and cisplatin (CDDP) for such cases of advanced esophageal cancer.Patients with advanced cancers received 60 to 70 Gy of radiotherapy given during a period of 7 weeks, concurrently with daily oral UFT (200 mg/m(2) per day), and a 24-h infusion of CDDP (70 mg/m(2)) on days 8 and 36. After chemoradiotherapy, UFT (250 mg/m(2)/per day) was administered daily for 1 year, while CDDP (80 mg/m(2)) was administered twice every 4 weeks.Patients with stage III disease numbered 31, while 24 had stage IV disease according to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging. Including all patients, complete response (CR) occurred in 20% and partial response (PR) in 51%. In stage III patients, CR, PR, and CR+PR rates were 29%, 48%, and 77%, respectively. In stage IV patients, CR, PR, and CR+PR rates were 8%, 54%, and 63%. Grade 4 leukocytopenia occurred in 22% of patients, and grade 3 pain, nausea/vomiting, and oral mucositis occurred in 7%, 9%, and 4% of patients respectively, but resolved after the reduction or discontinuation of chemoradiotherapy. Median survival in stage III patients was 415 days (range, 3 to 3046 days), and in stage IV patients, it was 187 days (range, 75 to 764 days). The 2-year survival rate in stage III patients was 25% and it was 4% in stage IV patients. The 5-year survival rate in stage III patients was 7%, while in stage IV patients it was 0%.This combined treatment may be a promising nonsurgical management option for locally advanced esophageal cancer, and can achieve good palliative effects in patients with distant metastasis.

role of radiation therapy in localized (Ann Arbor stage I/II) NGNO MALT lymphoma. Materials/Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 47 patients who were histologically diagnosed as NGNO MALT lymphoma with Ann Arbor stage I/II from Feb 1993 to Oct 2012. Primary sites were head and neck (n Z 19), gastrointestinal tract (n Z 8), lung (n Z 7), and others. Their median age was 53 years (range 15-83 years). Forty-one patients had relatively good performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score 1). Twenty-nine patients received radiation therapy (RT) containing treatment (14 RT alone, 11 surgery + RT, 2 chemotherapy (CTx) + RT, 2 surgery + RT + CTx) with a median RT dose of 30.6 Gy (22.5 to 45 Gy). Other 18 patients did not receive RT (9 surgery alone, 5 surgery + CTx, 4 CTx alone). Results: Median follow-up time was 45.6 months (range 4.8-224.5 months). The estimated 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates were 61% and 92%, respectively. Among the stage I/II patients, 29 patients who received RT all achieved complete remission (CR) and showed significantly higher 5-year PFS than who did not receive RT (82% vs 34%; p Z 0.003). Four patients among these 29 patients experienced out-field relapse, which were well salvaged by RT (3 patients) or CTx (1 patient), and there was no in-field relapse. Ten out of 18 patients (61%) who did not receive RT with stage I/II achieved CR, and 11 out of these 18 patients have relapsed while 4 patients progressed into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Three of them who showed high grade transformation died within 3 months since relapse. Conclusions: In localized NGNO MALT lymphoma, low dose RT resulted in excellent outcome and relapses out of RT field were also successfully salvaged by RT. Early use of RT should be considered in localized NGNO MALT lymphoma and should be applied as a preferred treatment modality in case of localized relapse. Author Disclosure: J. Lee: None. K. Kim: None. J. Cho: None. C. Suh: None.

e15159 Background: Carcinoma of the advanced cervical esophagus is a highly virulent disease. Although surgery is considered the standard therapy, the results of surgery alone remain poor. The present study analyzes the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with S-1 and cisplatin for advanced cervical esophageal carcinoma (ACEC). Methods: CCRT comprised two courses, 30-Gy radiotherapy over 3 weeks (2 Gy per fraction, 5 times a week) accompanied by daily oral S-1 powder (80 mg/m2/day) for 2 weeks and a 24-hr cisplatin infusion (70 mg/m2) on Day 8. An identical course was administered after a 2-week break. Responders received a 5-week cycle of chemotherapy with S-1 and cisplatin. Results: Twenty-one subjects, 3 with Stage II, 14 with Stage III, and 4 with Stage IV ACEC participated, and all completed the CCRT courses. Eighteen subjects received a total of 59 cycles of chemotherapy after CCRT and a median of 3 cycles per subject was administered (range: 1 to 9 cycles). Complete response rates in subjects with Stage II, Stage III, and Stage IV diseases were 100%, 85.7%, and 25%, respectively, and a dysphagia-free status was found in 80.9%. The most serious toxicity was myelosuppression; Grades 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in 33.3% and 9.5%, of subjects, respectively. Non-hematologic toxicities were moderate. The most common were Grade 2 nausea (38.0%), esophageal pain, and oral mucositis (19.0% each) and renal dysfunction (9.5%). Adverse events from the first course of CCRT resolved during the 2-week treatment break. Overall median progression-free survival was 1.5 years and the median survival time was 2.5 years. The 1- and 5-year survival rates were 75.0 and 27.7%, respectively. Conclusions: This regimen showed favorable antitumor activity, improving survival and quality of life with tolerable toxicity, and could become an alternative to conventional surgery for the treatment of ACEC.