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1,061 results on '"Erickson, Stephen"'

2. Passive dynamical decoupling of trapped ion qubits and qudits

Author

Sutherland, R. Tyler and Erickson, Stephen D.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We propose a method to dynamically decouple every magnetically sensitive hyperfine sublevel of a trapped ion from magnetic field noise, simultaneously, using integrated circuits to adiabatically rotate its local quantization field. These integrated circuits allow passive adjustment of the effective polarization of any external (control or noise) field. By rotating the ion's quantization direction relative to this field's polarization, we can perform `passive' dynamical decoupling (PDD), inverting the linear Zeeman sensitivity of every hyperfine sublevel. This dynamically decouples the entire ion, rather than just a qubit subspace. Fundamentally, PDD drives the transition $m_{F}\rightarrow -m_{F}$ for every magnetic quantum number $m_{F}$ in the system--with only one operation--indicating it applies to qudits with constant overhead in the dimensionality of the qudit. We show how to perform pulsed and continuous PDD, weighing each technique's insensitivity to external magnetic fields versus their sensitivity to diabaticity and control errors. Finally, we show that we can tune the sinusoidal oscillation of the quantization axis to a motional mode of the crystal in order to perform a laser-free two qubit gate that is insensitive to magnetic field noise.

Published
2023

4. Indirect Cooling of Weakly Coupled Trapped-Ion Mechanical Oscillators

Author

Hou, Pan-Yu, Wu, Jenny J., Erickson, Stephen D., Zarantonello, Giorgio, Brandt, Adam D., Cole, Daniel C., Wilson, Andrew C., Slichter, Daniel H., and Leibfried, Dietrich

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Cooling the motion of trapped ions to near the quantum ground state is crucial for many applications in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, certain motional modes of trapped-ion crystals can be difficult to cool due to weak or zero interaction between the modes and the cooling radiation, typically laser beams. We overcome this challenge by coupling a mode with weak cooling radiation interaction to one with strong cooling radiation interaction using parametric modulation of the trapping potential, thereby enabling indirect cooling of the former. In this way, we demonstrate near-ground-state cooling of motional modes with weak or zero cooling radiation interaction in multi-ion crystals of the same and mixed ion species, specifically $^9$Be$^+$-$^9$Be$^+$, $^9$Be$^+$-$^{25}$Mg$^+$, and $^9$Be$^+$-$^{25}$Mg$^+$-$^9$Be$^+$ crystals. This approach can be generally applied to any Coulomb crystal where certain motional modes cannot be directly cooled efficiently, including crystals containing molecular ions, highly-charged ions, charged fundamental particles, or charged macroscopic objects., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures

Published
2023
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17. Lessons learned from 20 years of preclinical testing in pediatric cancers

Author

Smith, Malcolm A., Houghton, Peter J., Lock, Richard B., Maris, John M., Gorlick, Richard, Kurmasheva, Raushan T., Li, Xiao-Nan, Teicher, Beverly A., Chuang, Jeffrey H., Dela Cruz, Filemon S., Dyer, Michael A., Kung, Andrew L., Lloyd, Michael W., Mossé, Yael P., Stearns, Timothy M., Stewart, Elizabeth A., Bult, Carol J., and Erickson, Stephen W.

Published
2024
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18. High-fidelity indirect readout of trapped-ion hyperfine qubits

Author

Erickson, Stephen D., Wu, Jenny J., Hou, Pan-Yu, Cole, Daniel C., Geller, Shawn, Kwiatkowski, Alex, Glancy, Scott, Knill, Emanuel, Slichter, Daniel H., Wilson, Andrew C., and Leibfried, Dietrich

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We propose and demonstrate a protocol for high-fidelity indirect readout of trapped ion hyperfine qubits, where the state of a $^9\text{Be}^+$ qubit ion is mapped to a $^{25}\text{Mg}^+$ readout ion using laser-driven Raman transitions. By partitioning the $^9\text{Be}^+$ ground state hyperfine manifold into two subspaces representing the two qubit states and choosing appropriate laser parameters, the protocol can be made robust to spontaneous photon scattering errors on the Raman transitions, enabling repetition for increased readout fidelity. We demonstrate combined readout and back-action errors for the two subspaces of $1.2^{+1.1}_{-0.6} \times 10^{-4}$ and $0^{+1.9}_{-0} \times 10^{-5}$ with 68% confidence while avoiding decoherence of spectator qubits due to stray resonant light that is inherent to direct fluorescence detection., Comment: 7 + 6 pages, 3 + 1 figures

Published
2021
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20. Resource-efficient dissipative entanglement of two trapped-ion qubits

Author

Cole, Daniel C., Erickson, Stephen D., Zarantonello, Giorgio, Horn, Karl P., Hou, Pan-Yu, Wu, Jenny J., Slichter, Daniel H., Reiter, Florentin, Koch, Christiane P., and Leibfried, Dietrich

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate a simplified method for dissipative generation of an entangled state of two trapped-ion qubits. Our implementation produces its target state faster and with higher fidelity than previous demonstrations of dissipative entanglement generation and eliminates the need for auxiliary ions. The entangled singlet state is generated in $\sim$7 ms with a fidelity of 0.949(4). The dominant source of infidelity is photon scattering. We discuss this error source and strategies for its mitigation., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures

Published
2021
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21. Dissipative preparation of W states in trapped ion systems

Author

Cole, Daniel C., Wu, Jenny J., Erickson, Stephen D., Hou, Pan-Yu, Wilson, Andrew C., Leibfried, Dietrich, and Reiter, Florentin

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We present protocols for dissipative entanglement of three trapped-ion qubits and discuss a scheme that uses sympathetic cooling as the dissipation mechanism. This scheme relies on tailored destructive interference to generate any one of six entangled W states in a three-ion qubit space. Using a beryllium-magnesium ion crystal as an example system, we theoretically investigate the protocol's performance and the effects of likely error sources, including thermal secular motion of the ion crystal, calibration imperfections, and spontaneous photon scattering. We estimate that a fidelity of $\sim$ 98 % may be achieved in typical trapped ion experiments with $\sim$ 1 ms interaction time. These protocols avoid timescale hierarchies for faster preparation of entangled states., Comment: Includes additional references

Published
2021
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23. Quantum harmonic oscillator spectrum analyzers

Author

Keller, Jonas, Hou, Pan-Yu, McCormick, Katherine C., Cole, Daniel C., Erickson, Stephen D., Wu, Jenny J., Wilson, Andrew C., and Leibfried, Dietrich

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Characterization and suppression of noise are essential for the control of harmonic oscillators in the quantum regime. We measure the noise spectrum of a quantum harmonic oscillator from low frequency to near the oscillator resonance by sensing its response to amplitude modulated periodic drives with a qubit. Using the motion of a trapped ion, we experimentally demonstrate two different implementations with combined sensitivity to noise from 500 Hz to 600 kHz. We apply our method to measure the intrinsic noise spectrum of an ion trap potential in a previously unaccessed frequency range., Comment: 6 + 10 pages, 4 + 7 figures

Published
2020
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25. Genetic predictors of severe intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely low-birthweight infants

Author

Thornburg, Courtney D, Erickson, Stephen W, Page, Grier P, Clark, Erin AS, DeAngelis, Margaret M, Hartnett, M Elizabeth, Goldstein, Ricki F, Dagle, John M, Murray, Jeffrey C, Poindexter, Brenda B, Das, Abhik, and Cotten, C Michael

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Prevention, Brain Disorders, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Lung, Pediatric, Stroke, Cerebrovascular, Neurosciences, Genetics, Good Health and Well Being, Birth Weight, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Child, Humans, Infant, Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Infant, Premature, Diseases, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Pediatrics
Abstract

ObjectiveTo test associations between grades 3 or 4 (severe) intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and organ development in an exploratory study.Study designExtremely low-birthweight (ELBW) infants enrolled in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network's (NRN) Cytokines Study were included if they had cranial ultrasound (CUS) and genotyping data available in the NRN Anonymized DNA Repository and Database. Associations between SNPs and IVH severity were tested with multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultOne hundred thirty-nine infants with severe IVH and 687 infants with grade 1 or 0 IVH were included. One thousand two hundred seventy-nine SNPs were genotyped. Thirteen were preliminarily associated with severe IVH including five related to central nervous system (CNS) neuronal and neurovascular development.ConclusionGenetic variants for CNS neuronal and neurovascular development may be associated with severe IVH in premature infants.

Published
2021

26. Quantum gate teleportation between separated qubits in a trapped-ion processor

Author

Wan, Yong, Kienzler, Daniel, Erickson, Stephen D., Mayer, Karl H., Tan, Ting Rei, Wu, Jenny J., Vasconcelos, Hilma M., Glancy, Scott, Knill, Emanuel, Wineland, David J., Wilson, Andrew C., and Leibfried, Dietrich

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Large-scale quantum computers will require quantum gate operations between widely separated qubits. A method for implementing such operations, known as quantum gate teleportation (QGT), requires only local operations, classical communication, and shared entanglement. We demonstrate QGT in a scalable architecture by deterministically teleporting a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate between two qubits in spatially separated locations in an ion trap. The entanglement fidelity of our teleported CNOT is in the interval [0.845, 0.872] at the 95% confidence level. The implementation combines ion shuttling with individually-addressed single-qubit rotations and detections, same- and mixedspecies two-qubit gates, and real-time conditional operations, thereby demonstrating essential tools for scaling trapped-ion quantum computers combined in a single device.

Published
2019
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27. Genomic Differences between Spontaneous versus Indicated Extreme Preterm Birth.

Author

Ambalavanan, Namasivayam, Cotten, C. Michael, Erickson, Stephen W., Mathur, Ravi, Torgerson, Dara, and Ballard, Philip L.

Subjects
RISK assessment, VERY low birth weight, EFFECT sizes (Statistics), PEARSON correlation (Statistics), GENOMICS, GENOME-wide association studies, RESEARCH funding, PREMATURE infants, FISHER exact test, LOGISTIC regression analysis, PREGNANCY outcomes, CHI-squared test, MANN Whitney U Test, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, LONGITUDINAL method, ODDS ratio, PREECLAMPSIA, PREGNANCY complications, DATA analysis software, SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, PREMATURE labor
Abstract

Objective Extremely preterm infants are at high risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Extreme preterm birth (PTB) may result from spontaneous preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes or may be indicated due to preeclampsia, eclampsia, hypertension, or other causes. Our objective was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and biological pathways associated with spontaneous versus indicated extreme PTB using the neonatal genome. Study Design We evaluated 523 spontaneous births and 134 indicated births weighing 401 to 1,000 g at birth from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network's Genomics dataset by genome-wide association study (GWAS) and pathway analysis. The TOLSURF cohort was used to replicate the results. Results In the NRN GWAS, no statistically significant results were found, although the Manhattan plot showed one almost significant peak (rs60854043 on chromosome 14 at p = 1.03E-07) along with many other modest peaks at p = 1–9E-06, for a total of 15 suggestive associations at this locus. In the NRN pathway analysis, multiple pathways were identified, with the most significant being "GO_mf:go_low_density_lipoprotein_particle_receptor_activity" at p = 1.14E-06. However, these results could not be replicated in the TOLSURF cohort. Conclusion Genomic differences are seen between infants born by spontaneous versus indicated extreme PTB. Due to the limited sample size, there is a need for larger studies. Key Points Genomic differences are seen between infants born by spontaneous versus indicated very PTB. Future studies with large sample sizes evaluating extreme PTB are necessary. Spontaneous PTB is more common than indicated extreme PTB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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31. Comprehensive Genetic Analysis Reveals Complexity of Monogenic Urinary Stone Disease

Author

Cogal, Andrea G., Arroyo, Jennifer, Shah, Ronak Jagdeep, Reese, Kalina J., Walton, Brenna N., Reynolds, Laura M., Kennedy, Gabrielle N., Seide, Barbara M., Senum, Sarah R., Baum, Michelle, Erickson, Stephen B., Jagadeesh, Sujatha, Soliman, Neveen A., Goldfarb, David S., Beara-Lasic, Lada, Edvardsson, Vidar O., Palsson, Runolfur, Milliner, Dawn S., Sas, David J., Lieske, John C., and Harris, Peter C.

Published
2021
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33. Genomics Integration Into Nephrology Practice

Author

Pinto e Vairo, Filippo, Prochnow, Carri, Kemppainen, Jennifer L., Lisi, Emily C., Steyermark, Joan M., Kruisselbrink, Teresa M., Pichurin, Pavel N., Dhamija, Rhadika, Hager, Megan M., Albadri, Sam, Cornell, Lynn D., Lazaridis, Konstantinos N., Klee, Eric W., Senum, Sarah R., El Ters, Mireille, Amer, Hatem, Baudhuin, Linnea M., Moyer, Ann M., Keddis, Mira T., Zand, Ladan, Sas, David J., Erickson, Stephen B., Fervenza, Fernando C., Lieske, John C., Harris, Peter C., and Hogan, Marie C.

Published
2021
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35. Prevention of Urinary Stones With Hydration (PUSH): Design and Rationale of a Clinical Trial

Author

Amaral, Sandra, Audrain-McGovern, Janet, Henderson, Brittney, Koepsell, Kristen, Mussell, Adam, Antonelli, Jodi A., Baker, Linda A., Obiaro, Joyce, Rangel, Cynthia, Hill, Martinez, Worsham, Madeline, Cormack, Fionnuala, Sorensen, Mathew, Yonekawa, Karyn, Covert, Holly, Baxter, Tristan, Ayala, Elsa, Mellnick, Vincent, Coplen, Douglas, Taylor, Juanita, Klim, Aleksandra, Ksiazek, Deborah, Sivalingam, Sri, Dell, Katherine, Calle, Juan, Gotwald, Paige, Markovic, Marina, Lieske, John, Rule, Andrew, Erickson, Stephen, Potrezke, Aaron, Ferrero, Andrea, Sas, David, Waits, Angela, Lenort, Courtney, Weinfurt, Kevin, Bosworth, Hayden, Yang, Honqiu, Johnson, Laura, Venetta, Angela, Thompson, Omar, Scales, Charles D., Jr., Desai, Alana C., Harper, Jonathan D., Lai, H. Henry, Maalouf, Naim M., Reese, Peter P., Tasian, Gregory E., Al-Khalidi, Hussein R., Kirkali, Ziya, and Wessells, Hunter

Published
2021
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43. Effective targeting of NAMPT in patient-derived xenograft models of high-risk pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Author

Somers, Klaartje, Evans, Kathryn, Cheung, Leanna, Karsa, Mawar, Pritchard, Tara, Kosciolek, Angelika, Bongers, Angelika, El-Ayoubi, Ali, Forgham, Helen, Middlemiss, Shiloh, Mayoh, Chelsea, Jones, Luke, Gupta, Mahima, Kees, Ursula R., Chernova, Olga, Korotchkina, Lioubov, Gudkov, Andrei V., Erickson, Stephen W., Teicher, Beverly, Smith, Malcolm A., Norris, Murray D., Haber, Michelle, Lock, Richard B., and Henderson, Michelle J.

Published
2020
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44. Developments in our understanding of the genetic basis of birth defects

Author

Webber, Daniel M, MacLeod, Stewart L, Bamshad, Michael J, Shaw, Gary M, Finnell, Richard H, Shete, Sanjay S, Witte, John S, Erickson, Stephen W, Murphy, Linda D, and Hobbs, Charlotte

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Congenital Structural Anomalies, Pediatric, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, Congenital Abnormalities, Genetic Markers, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Birth defects, congenital heart defects, cleft lip and palate, epigenetics, genetics, hypospadias, neural tube defects, next-generation sequencing, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Genetics & Heredity, Paediatrics, Reproductive medicine
Abstract

Birth defects are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There has been much progress in understanding the genetic basis of familial and syndromic forms of birth defects. However, the etiology of nonsydromic birth defects is not well-understood. Although there is still much work to be done, we have many of the tools needed to accomplish the task. Advances in next-generation sequencing have introduced a sea of possibilities, from disease-gene discovery to clinical screening and diagnosis. These advances have been fruitful in identifying a host of candidate disease genes, spanning the spectrum of birth defects. With the advent of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, researchers now have a precise tool for characterizing this genetic variation in model systems. Work in model organisms has also illustrated the importance of epigenetics in human development and birth defects etiology. Here we review past and current knowledge in birth defects genetics. We describe genotyping and sequencing methods for the detection and analysis of rare and common variants. We remark on the utility of model organisms and explore epigenetics in the context of structural malformation. We conclude by highlighting approaches that may provide insight into the complex genetics of birth defects.

Published
2015

46. A proteogenomic surfaceome study identifies DLK1 as an immunotherapeutic target in neuroblastoma

Author

Hamilton, Amber K., Radaoui, Alexander B., Tsang, Matthew, Martinez, Daniel, Conkrite, Karina L., Patel, Khushbu, Sidoli, Simone, Delaidelli, Alberto, Modi, Apexa, Rokita, Jo Lynne, Lane, Maria V., Hartnett, Nicholas, Lopez, Raphael D., Zhang, Bo, Zhong, Chuwei, Ennis, Brian, Miller, Daniel P., Brown, Miguel A., Rathi, Komal S., Raman, Pichai, Pogoriler, Jennifer, Bhatti, Tricia, Pawel, Bruce, Glisovic-Aplenc, Tina, Teicher, Beverly, Erickson, Stephen W., Earley, Eric J., Bosse, Kristopher R., Sorensen, Poul H., Krytska, Kateryna, Mosse, Yael P., Havenith, Karin E., Zammarchi, Francesca, van Berkel, Patrick H., Smith, Malcolm A., Garcia, Benjamin A., Maris, John M., and Diskin, Sharon J.

Published
2024
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50. Genetic Epidemiology and Nonsyndromic Structural Birth Defects: From Candidate Genes to Epigenetics

Author

Hobbs, Charlotte A, Chowdhury, Shimul, Cleves, Mario A, Erickson, Stephen, MacLeod, Stewart L, Shaw, Gary M, Shete, Sanjay, Witte, John S, and Tycko, Benjamin

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Biotechnology, Pediatric, Congenital Structural Anomalies, Behavioral and Social Science, Human Genome, Genetic Testing, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Generic health relevance, Congenital Abnormalities, Epigenesis, Genetic, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Molecular Epidemiology
Abstract

Birth defects are a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The vast majority of birth defects are nonsyndromic, and although their etiologies remain mostly unknown, evidence supports the hypothesis that they result from the complex interaction of genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Since our last review published in 2002 describing the basic tools of genetic epidemiology used to study nonsyndromic structural birth defects, many new approaches have become available and have been used with varying success. Through rapid advances in genomic technologies, investigators are now able to investigate large portions of the genome at a fraction of previous costs. With next-generation sequencing, research has progressed from assessing a small percentage of single-nucleotide polymorphisms to assessing the entire human protein-coding repertoire (exome)-an approach that is starting to uncover rare but informative mutations associated with nonsyndromic birth defects. Herein, we report on the current state of the genetic epidemiology of birth defects and comment on future challenges and opportunities. We consider issues of study design, and we discuss common variant approaches, including candidate gene studies and genome-wide association studies. We also discuss the complexities embedded in exploring interactions between genes and the environment. We complete our review by describing new and promising next-generation sequencing technologies and examining how the study of epigenetic mechanisms could become the key to unraveling the complex etiologies of nonsyndromic structural birth defects.

Published
2014

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