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Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) is the gold‐standard treatment for insomnia disorder in adults. Compared to young adults, older adults have increased risk for the development of conditions associated with chronic pain, which may impact the efficacy of CBT‐I in improving insomnia symptoms in older adults. This study evaluated the effect of participant‐rated pain on sleep‐related outcomes of a supervised, non‐clinician administered CBT‐I program in older adult patients with chronic insomnia disorder. Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted using data from a randomized controlled trial among 106 community‐dwelling older adult veterans (N = 106; mean age 72.1 years, 96% male, 78.3% White, 6.6% Hispanic, 5.7% African American) with chronic (≥3 months) insomnia disorder. Participants engaged in five sessions of manual‐based CBT‐I in individual or group format within one Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare system, provided by non‐clinician "sleep coaches" who had weekly telephone supervision by behavioral sleep medicine specialists. Insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index), perceived sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), fatigue (Flinder's Fatigue Scale), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), and perceived pain severity (items from the Geriatric Pain Measure) were assessed at 4 time points: baseline, one‐week posttreatment, 6‐month follow‐up, and 12‐month follow‐up. Mixed effects models with time invariant and time varying predictors were employed for analyses. Results: CBT‐I improved insomnia symptoms, perceived sleep quality, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness among older veterans with chronic insomnia. Participant‐reported pain was associated with greater improvements in insomnia symptoms following CBT‐I. Pain did not affect improvements in other sleep‐related outcomes (−0.38 ≤ b ≤ 0.07, p > 0.05). Between‐subjects differences in pain, but not within‐subject changes in pain over time, appeared to play a central role in insomnia symptom improvement at posttreatment, with individuals with higher‐than‐average pain showing greater insomnia symptom improvement (ISI score reduction; −0.32 ≤ b ≤ −0.28, p ≤ 0.005). Conclusions: Pain did not meaningfully hinder the effects of CBT‐I on sleep outcomes. Among older veterans with chronic insomnia disorder, individuals with higher pain exhibited slightly greater improvement in insomnia than those with lower levels of pain. These findings suggest that experiencing pain does not impair treatment response and should not preclude older adults with insomnia from being offered CBT‐I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soldiers have high rates of substance use disorders (SUD), often in the aftermath of stressors experienced during military deployments. There are several factors that protect against SUD. For example, individual factors like perceived resilience and group factors such as unit cohesion may make someone less likely to abuse substances. However, there is little research on the differential influence of these resilience factors on SUD over and above deployment stressors. In this study, we examined the relative effects of perceived resilience, unit cohesion, and deployment stressors on SUD in a sample of 21,449 active duty and reserve soldiers from the U.S. Army (primarily White and male, mean age = 28.66, SD = 7.41) using structural equation modeling. We found that unit cohesion (ß = −.17) and perceived resilience (ß = −.16) had negative effects on SUD over and above deployment stressors. The study findings clarify research on resilience to SUD and have implications for addressing substance use in the military, specifically regarding the importance of building unit cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(±)‐Pinenyllithium·TMEDA or (tetramethylethylenediamine‐κ2N,N′)(η3‐6,6‐dimethyl‐2‐methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptyl)lithium, [Li(C10H15)(C6H16N2)], is readily prepared from β‐pinene, butyllithium and TMEDA, and the racemic material preferentially crystallizes even from 96:4 (92% ee) mixtures of (−)‐ and (+)‐β‐pinene, respectively. The structure is monomeric, with the geminal‐dimethyl bridge of the bicyclic structure shielding one face of the allyl system, restricting the lithium to the opposite face and preventing the Li–allyl–Li aggregation observed with some other allyllithium systems. The symmetry of the allyl system, bond lengths, bond angles and out‐of‐plane deviations are compared to existing structures. In addition, a much older structure of this complex is compared to this very recent one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Military personnel experience many stressors during deployments that can lead to symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, not all military personnel who are exposed to deployment stressors develop PTSD symptoms. Recent research has explored factors that contribute to military personnel resilience, a multifaceted and multidetermined construct, as a means to mitigate and prevent PTSD symptoms. Much of this research has focused on the effects of individual-level factors (e.g., use of coping strategies like humor, the morale of individual unit members), with some research focusing on unit-level factors (e.g., the cohesiveness of a unit). However, there is little research exploring how these factors relate to each other in mitigating or reducing PTSD symptoms. In this study, we examined the association between deployment stressors, perceived unit cohesion, morale, humor, and PTSD symptoms in a sample of 20,901 active-duty military personnel using structural equation modeling. Results indicated that perceived unit cohesion, humor, and morale were positively associated with each other and negatively associated with PTSD symptoms over and above the effect of deployment stressors. These findings highlight the influence of resilience factors on PTSD symptoms beyond their substantial overlap and have implications for future research as well as the potential development of interventions for military personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Worry has been shown to have a negative impact on many aspects of neurocognitive performance. Interestingly, research indicates mindfulness both improves aspects of cognitive ability and reduces worry symptoms. Yet, the impact of mindfulness on the relationship between worry and cognition has yet to be explored. Based on research discussed herein, we hypothesize that those with higher levels of dispositional mindfulness will have better cognitive performance than those with lower levels of dispositional mindfulness, regardless of worry level. The present study investigated the potential moderating influence of mindfulness on the relationship between worry and cognitive performance. Methods: The sample included 113 older veterans who were screened at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System in Palo Alto, CA. Cognitive domains of interest included learning and memory, processing speed, attention, working memory, and executive function. Mindfulness was assessed with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and worry symptoms were assessed using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Hypotheses were tested with multiple regression analyses using the Hayes (2003) PROCESS macro. Results: Contrary to what was hypothesized, only mindful awareness significantly moderated the relationship between worry and processing speed. Conclusion: This finding has important implications for introducing mindfulness techniques into older adults' routines to decrease worry and mitigate its negative effects on processing speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open air reactions of 2,5-bis(diisopropylphosphoryl)-3,6-difluoro-1,4-hydroquinone with (bipy)Cu(CH3COO)2 or (bipy)CuCl2 in wet methanol proceeded with oxidative dehalogenation of the ligand and the formation of bimetallic complexes supported by 2,5-bis(diisopropylphosphoryl)-3,6-dioxy-1,4-quinonate. The coordination mode of the bridging ligand towards (bipy)Cu( X) fragments depends on the nature of the anionic ligand ( X = acetate or chloride). Thus, in bimetallic complex 2 [bis((2,2′-bipyridyl)copper(η2-acetate))-μ-(η2(O,O)-2,5-bis(diisopropylphosphoryl)-3,6-dioxy-1,4-quinonate] the ligand coordinates two (bipy)Cu(acetate) fragments into the [O,O] chelation pockets of the tetraoxolene core. In bimetallic complex 3 [bis((2,2′-bipyridyl)copper(chloride))-μ-(η2(O,(P=O))-2,5-bis(diisopropylphosphoryl)-3,6-dioxy-1,4-quinonate] the ligand coordinates the (bipy)CuCl fragments into its [O,(P=O)] pockets. Coordination chemistry was briefly explored by subjecting complex 3 to ligand-substitution reactions by reacting it with AgBF4 and with carboxylate and carbonate salts. Complexes 4 [bis((aqua)(dimethylformamide)(2,2′-bipyridyl)copper)-μ-(η2(O,(P=O))-2,5-bis(diisopropylphosphoryl)-3,6-dioxy-1,4-quinonate) di-tetrafluoroborate] and 5 [bis(aqua)(2,2'-bipyridyl)copper-(η2(O,O)-3,6-bis(diisopropylphosphoryl)-4,5-dioxy-1,2-quinonate] were obtained during these investigations. Compounds 2- 5 were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, and by spectroscopic and magnetic measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]