1. Oriented cell divisions in epithelia: from force generation to force anisotropy by tension, shape and vertices
- Author
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Florencia di Pietro, Yohanns Bellaïche, Eric Victor van Leen, Génétique et Biologie du Développement, Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Bellaiche, Yohanns
- Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Dynein ,Cell ,Morphogenesis ,[SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC] ,Biology ,Epithelium ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.BC.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC] ,Molecular motor ,medicine ,Animals ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Polarity (international relations) ,Tension (physics) ,[SDV.BDD.MOR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Morphogenesis ,Cell Biology ,[SDV.BDD.MOR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Morphogenesis ,Cell biology ,Spindle apparatus ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Anisotropy ,Astral microtubules ,Cell Division ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
International audience; Mitotic spindle orientation has been linked to asymmetric cell divisions, tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis. The canonical pathway to orient the mitotic spindle is composed of the cortical recruitment factor NuMA and the molecular motor dynein, which exerts pulling forces on astral microtubules to orient the spindle. Recent work has defined a novel role for NuMA as a direct contributor to force generation. In addition, the exploration of geometrical and physical cues combined with the study of classical polarity pathways has led to deeper insights into the upstream regulation of spindle orientation. Here, we focus on how cell shape, junctions and mechanical tension act to orient spindle pulling forces in epithelia, and discuss different roles for spindle orientation in epithelia.
- Published
- 2020
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