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Eremulus berlesei Mahunka, 1977 Eremulus cf. berlesei: Illig et al. (2007). Distribution: Indonesia (Komodo), Ecuador, Kenia. Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve). Habitat: Leaf litter and forest soil. References: Illig et al. (2007): 228. Remarks: Record based on unconfirmed identification., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Illig, J., Sandmann, S., Schatz, H., Scheu, S. & Maraun, N. (2007) Oribatida (Mites) Checklist Reserva Biologica San Francisco (Prov. Zamora Chinchipe, S. Ecuador). Ecotropical Monographs, 4, 221 - 230."]}

Eremulus translamellatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1969 Eremulus cf. translamellata: Schatz (1998). Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Galápagos. Habitat: Moist zone. References: Schatz (1998): 382. Remarks: Record based on unconfirmed identification.

Eremulus brasiliensis Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio, 1985 Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve, Podocarpus National Park-Bombuscaro) and Loja (andean mountain region of the Loja valley and Podocarpus National Park-Cajanuma). Habitat: Soil and litter of pine (Pinus patula), alder (Alnus acuminata) and degraded forest. Litterbags of Puteria sp., Cavendishia zamorensis, Mollinedia sp., Graffenrieda emarginata and Clusia spp. References: Maraun et al. (2013): 187; Marian et al. (2018): 268-270; Marian et al. (2020): 7., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on pages 42-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Maraun, M., Fronczek, S., Marian, F., Sandmann, D. & Scheu, S. (2013 b) More sex at higher altitudes: Changes in the frequency of parthenogenesis in oribatid mites in tropical montane rain forests. Pedobiologia, 56, 185 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pedobi. 2013.07.001","Marian, F., Sandmann, D., Krashevska, V., Maraun, M. & Scheu, S. (2018) Altitude and decomposition stage rather than litter origin structure soil microarthropod communities in tropical montane rainforests. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 125, 263 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. soilbio. 2018.07.017","Marian, F., Ramirez-Castillo, P., Iniguez-Armijos, C., Gunter, S. M., Maraun, M. & Scheu, S. (2020) Conversion of Andean montane forests into plantations: Effects on soil characteristics, microorganisms, and microarthropods. Biotropica, 52 (6), 1142 - 1154. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / btp. 12813"]}

Eremulus truncatus Hammer, 1971 Distribution: Semi-cosmopolitan. Records in Ecuador: Galápagos. Habitat: Arid and transition zone. References: Schatz (1998): 382., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Schatz, H. (1998) Oribatid mites of the Galapagos Islands - Faunistics, ecology and speciation. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 22, 373 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1006097928124"]}

Pseuderemulus gladiator Balogh & Mahunka, 1968 Distribution: Neotropical (Argentina and Ecuador). Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve and Podocarpus National Park-Bombuscaro) and Loja (Podocarpus National Park-Cajanuma). Habitat: Leaf litter and soil. References: Maraun et al. (2013): 187., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Maraun, M., Fronczek, S., Marian, F., Sandmann, D. & Scheu, S. (2013 b) More sex at higher altitudes: Changes in the frequency of parthenogenesis in oribatid mites in tropical montane rain forests. Pedobiologia, 56, 185 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pedobi. 2013.07.001"]}

The present checklist of the oribatid mites compiles all known published records of Ecuador with 479 species belonging to 232 genera and 89 families; 180 of these species were described from Ecuador. Oribatid mites were found in 15 of the 24 provinces that conform the Ecuadorian territory. In the provinces of Zamora Chinchipe, Galápagos, Loja, Cotopaxi, Pichincha and Napo, 95% of the species were recorded. 23.6% of these species are known only from Ecuador, 47.8% are distributed in Neotropical region, the remaining are Pantropical, semicosmopolitan and cosmopolitan. This high number of species makes Ecuador the country with the second largest number of species records in Latin America after Brazil.

Eremulus brasiliensis Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio, 1985 Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve, Podocarpus National Park-Bombuscaro) and Loja (andean mountain region of the Loja valley and Podocarpus National Park-Cajanuma). Habitat: Soil and litter of pine (Pinus patula), alder (Alnus acuminata) and degraded forest. Litterbags of Puteria sp., Cavendishia zamorensis, Mollinedia sp., Graffenrieda emarginata and Clusia spp. References: Maraun et al. (2013): 187; Marian et al. (2018): 268-270; Marian et al. (2020): 7.

Pseuderemulus gladiator Balogh & Mahunka, 1968 Distribution: Neotropical (Argentina and Ecuador). Records in Ecuador: Zamora Chinchipe (San Francisco Biological Reserve and Podocarpus National Park-Bombuscaro) and Loja (Podocarpus National Park-Cajanuma). Habitat: Leaf litter and soil. References: Maraun et al. (2013): 187.

Eremulus translamellatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1969 Eremulus cf. translamellata: Schatz (1998). Distribution: Neotropical. Records in Ecuador: Galápagos. Habitat: Moist zone. References: Schatz (1998): 382. Remarks: Record based on unconfirmed identification., Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, 2022, Checklist of Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Ecuador, pp. 1-96 in Zootaxa 5210 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5210.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7345248, {"references":["Schatz, H. (1998) Oribatid mites of the Galapagos Islands - Faunistics, ecology and speciation. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 22, 373 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1006097928124"]}

The present study is based on oribatid mite material collected in Taiwan in 2017–2019. A list of identified taxa, including 141 species/subspecies from 88 genera and 47 families is provided; of these, 36 species/subspecies, 13 genera and five families are recorded for the first time in the Taiwan fauna, and eight species and one genus are recorded for the first time in the Oriental region. Two new species are described. Tyrphonothrus nivnu n. sp. (description based on adult) is similar to Tyrphonothrus altissimus (Piffl, 1971), T. cajamarcensis (Hammer, 1961) and T. wallworki (Starý and Block, 1995) in general morphological traits (notogastral ridges developed; tridactylous legs; notogastral setae e2, h1, h2, and p2 long, setiform, with attenuate tip, other setae of medium length, setiform; high number of genital setae; absence of notogastral ornamentation; and comparatively large body size), but differs from these listed species by the barbed notogastral setae and comparatively long notogastral setae c1, c2, c3, and e1. Jacotella puyuma n. sp. (description based on adult and tritonymph) is similar to Jacotella neonominata Subías, 2004 in general morphological traits (centrodorsal notogastral part with two longitudinal ridges, posteriorly fused, each ridge with two lateral transverse branches; absence of notogastral ornamentation; notogastral seta h1 distinctly longer than other notogastral setae), but differs from the latter by the narrowly elongate bothridial head, flagellate notogastral setae h1 and p1, the length of notogastral setae, and the absence of additional longitudinal ridges connected lateral branches of median ridges (in adult); and by the long gastronotic seta h1 similar in length to bothridial seta, seta h2 similar to h3 and lp and seta dm clearly longer than da on larval exuvium (in tritonymph)., Acarologia, 61, 297-320

Eremulus flagellifer Berlese, 1908 Material – One specimen in Daday forest, N 41° 23′ 55.18′′, E 33° 13′ 09.44′′, alt. = 1136 m, 19 October 2018, tree bark and debris from P. nigra . Prevous record in Turkey – Yozgat Province (Per et al. 2018). Global distribution – Cosmopolitan. Ecology – Forest soils and meadows., Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Cilbircioğlu, Cihan, Özdemir, Esengül & Inak, Emre, 2020, Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of the Central Black Sea basin of Turkey with new records for the country, pp. 255-277 in Persian Journal of Acarology 9 (3) on page 259, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i3.61909, http://zenodo.org/record/5236444, {"references":["Berlese, A. (1908) Elenco di generi s specie nuove di Acari. Redia, 5 (1): 1 - 16.","Per, S., Toluk, A. & Ayyildiz, N. (2018) A new record for the Turkish oribatid mite (Acari) fauna from Yozgat Province: Eremulus flagellifer Berlese, 1908. International Ecology Symposium, 19 - 23 June 2018, Kastamonu, Turkey, p. 701."]}

Murvanidze, Maka, Cilbircioğlu, Cihan, Özdemir, Esengül, Inak, Emre (2020): Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of the Central Black Sea basin of Turkey with new records for the country. Persian Journal of Acarology 9 (3): 255-277, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i3.61909, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ea74271c-b6cc-3222-8dc5-fe9f0a25fa45/

Eremulus avenifer Berlese, 1913 Sample code: T19, M9, S8, F3, A3, P1, T25, T23, F5, T20. Global distribution: Southern Palearctic (Italy and south-eastern Palearctic), Oriental, Polynesia (Tahití) and Ethiopian. Distribution in Iran: Yazd (Abarkouh), Fars, Razavi Khorasan, Mazandaran, Guilan, Zanjan, Markazi and Golestan provinces., Published as part of Akrami, Mohammad Ali & Shahedi, Alireza, 2020, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Taft county, Yazd province of Iran, with new records, pp. 141-160 in Persian Journal of Acarology 9 (2) on page 148, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i2.58955, http://zenodo.org/record/4644976

Akrami, Mohammad Ali, Shahedi, Alireza (2020): Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Taft county, Yazd province of Iran, with new records. Persian Journal of Acarology 9 (2): 141-160, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i2.58955

Eremulus cingulatus Jacot, 1937 Geographic Location and Habitats: QC: Mirabel municipality south of Belle-Rivière (as cf.) (Tousignant et al. 1988; Tousignant & Coderre 1992; Smith et al. 1998). Distribution: Nearctic. Family Hungarobelbidae Genus Hungarobelba Balogh, 1943, Published as part of Behan-Pelletier, Valerie M. & Lindo, Zoë, 2019, Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Canada and Alaska, pp. 1-180 in Zootaxa 4666 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4666.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4000595, {"references":["Tousignant, S., Coderre, D. & Popovich, S. (1988) Effet du labour-hersage sur la mesofaune du sol en plantation de feuillus. Pedobiologia, 31, 283 - 291.","Tousignant, S. & Coderre, D. (1992) Niche partitioning by soil mites in a recent hardwood plantation in southern Quebec, Canada. Pedobiologia, 36, 287 - 294.","Balogh, J. (1943) Magyarorszag Pancelosatkai (Conspectus Oribateorum Hungariae). Matematikai es Termeszettudomanyi Kozlemenyek, 38 (5), 1 - 202."]}

This checklist of the oribatid fauna of Canada and Alaska (excluding Astigmata) includes 580 identified species in 249 genera and 96 families. The known fauna of Canada includes 556 identified species in 247 genera, and that of Alaska includes 182 species in 95 genera; 39 of the 42 oribatid superfamilies are represented. We further list ~ 300 species that are currently unidentified, and possibly undescribed. In addition, we list 42 genera that are represented only by unidentified and probably undescribed species. For each species we give combinations and synonymies, specific locations in Alaska and the Provinces and Territories of Canada, habitats, and biogeography. There are 182 identified species known for Alaska, 152 for Yukon, 122 for Northwest Territories, 58 for Nunavut; 210 for British Columbia, 213 for Alberta, 15 for Saskatchewan, 84 for Manitoba, 167 for Ontario, 210 for Québec, 110 for Nova Scotia, 77 for New Brunswick, 84 for Newfoundland and 6 for Prince Edward Island. The known fauna of Canada is smaller than that of Austria, and is approximately equivalent to that of the Czech Republic. As these countries are much smaller in size than Canada and less ecologically diverse, we consider the Canadian and Alaskan fauna are at most 25% known. The paucity of these data reflects the absence of taxonomic and faunistic studies on Oribatida in State, Provinces or Territories, and especially in the Canadian and Alaskan National Park systems and the hundreds of Provincial Parks. Despite the almost 90% increase in described species since the catalogue of Marshall et al. (1987), there is a need for focussed, coordinated research on Oribatida in the natural regions throughout Canada and Alaska, and for monographs on families and genera with large numbers of undescribed species, such as Brachychthoniidae, Damaeidae, Cepheidae, Liacaridae, Oppiidae, Suctobelbidae, Hydrozetidae, Phenopelopidae, Scheloribatidae, Haplozetidae and Galumnidae.

Family Eremulidae Genus Eremulus Berlese, 1908 Eremulus flagellifer Berlese, 1908 ��� Pr ���16. Eremulus sp.��� Je ���14., Published as part of Ryabinin, Nikolay A., Liu, Dong, Gao, Meixiang & Wu, Dong-Hui, 2018, Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Russian Far East and Northeast of China, pp. 201-232 in Zootaxa 4472 (2) on page 216, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4472.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1440137

Eremulus nigrisetosus Hammer, 1958 Eremulus cf. nigrisetosus Hammer, 1958 Tropical regions. Brazil: States of Amazonas and Par��. References: Beck (1971): 104, Adis et al. (2002): 10, Woas (2002): 285, Franklin et al. (2006): 1014, Moraes et al. (2011):54, Ferreira et al. (2012): 13., Published as part of Oliveira, Anibal R., Argolo, Poliane S., De, Gilberto J., Norton, Roy A. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2017, A checklist of the oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) of Brazil, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 4245 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.437584, {"references":["Beck, L. (1971) Bodenzoologische Gliederung und Charakterisierung des amazonischen Regenwaldes. Amazoniana, 3 (1), 69 - 132.","Adis, J., Bonaldo, A. B., Brescovit, A. D., Bertani, R., Cokendolpher, J. C., Conde, B., Kury, A. B., Lourenco, W. R., Mahnert, V., Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Platnick, N. I., Reddell, J. R., Rheims, C. A., Rocha, L. S., Rowland, J. M., Weygoldt, P. & Woas, S. (2002) Arachnida at ' Reserva Ducke', Central Amazonia / Brazil. Amazoniana, 17 (1 - 2) 1 - 14.","Franklin, E., Santos, E. M. & Albuquerque, M. I. (2006) Diversity and distribution of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) in a lowland rain forest in Peru and in several environments of the Brazilians states of Amazonas, Rondonia, Roraima and Para. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 66 (4), 999 - 1020.","Moraes, J., Franklin, E., Morais, J. W. & Souza, J. L. P. (2011) Species diversity of edaphic mites (Acari: Oribatida) and effects of topography, soil properties and litter gradients on their qualitative and quantitative composition in 64 km 2 of forest in Amazonia. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 55, 39 - 63. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 011 - 9451 - 7","Ferreira, R. N. C., Franklin, E., Souza, J. L. P. & Moraes, J. (2012) Soil oribatid mite (Acari: Oribatida) diversity and composition in semi-deciduous forest fragments in eastern Amazonia and comparison with the surrounding savanna matrix. Journal of Natural History, 46, 1 - 14. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2012.707245"]}

Eremulus brasiliensis P��rez-I��igo & Baggio, 1985 Reported only from Brazil. Brazil: States of Amazonas, Par�� and S��o Paulo. References: P��rez-I��igo & Baggio (1985): 192, Balogh & Balogh (1988): 138, P��rez-I��igo & Baggio (1989): 264, P��rez-I��igo & Baggio (1997): 404, Oliveira et al. (2005): 54, Moraes et al. (2011): 53, Franklin et al. (2013): 179., Published as part of Oliveira, Anibal R., Argolo, Poliane S., De, Gilberto J., Norton, Roy A. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2017, A checklist of the oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) of Brazil, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 4245 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.437584, {"references":["Perez-Inigo, C. & Baggio, D. (1985) Oribates edaphiques du Bresil (II). Oribates de l'Ile du ' Cardoso' (Premiere Partie). Acarologia, 26 (2), 183 - 199.","Balogh, J. & Balogh, P. (1988) Oribatid mites of the Neotropical Region I. Elsevier, Amsterdam / Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 335 pp.","Perez-Inigo, C. & Baggio, D. (1989) Oribates edaphiques du Bresil (V). Oribates de l'Etat de Sao Paulo (Deuxieme Partie). Acarologia, 30 (3), 261 - 274.","Perez-Inigo, C. & Baggio, D. (1997) Oribates edaphiques du Bresil (X): quelques oribates de l'Etat de Para. Acarologia, 38 (4), 403 - 413.","Oliveira, A. R., Norton, R. A. & Moraes, G. J. de (2005) Edaphic and plant inhabiting oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Cerrado and Mata Atlantica ecosystems in the State of Sao Paulo, southeast Brazil. Zootaxa, 1049, 49 - 68.","Moraes, J., Franklin, E., Morais, J. W. & Souza, J. L. P. (2011) Species diversity of edaphic mites (Acari: Oribatida) and effects of topography, soil properties and litter gradients on their qualitative and quantitative composition in 64 km 2 of forest in Amazonia. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 55, 39 - 63. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 011 - 9451 - 7","Franklin, E., Moraes, J., Landeiro, V. L., Souza, J. L. P., Pequeno, P. A. C. L., Magnusson, W. E. & Morais, J. W. (2013) Geographic position of sample grid but not the removal of uncommon species affect multivariate analyses of diverse assemblages: The case of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida). Ecological Indicators, 34, 172 - 180. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecolind. 2013.04.024"]}

A checklist of the oribatid mite species reported in Brazil is presented, including all published records up to 2015. A total of 576 described species in 206 genera and 83 families is presented. Information includes the names by which each species was reported in the Brazilian literature, its general known distribution and by Brazilian States, references, and remarks, when needed. As with most countries, there was a slow early accumulation of knowledge but in recent decades the pace of description has been relatively high. A graphical overview of the number of described oribatid mite species from Brazil in different decades is given. The proportion contributed by each of the major oribatid groups is generally similar to that of the overall world fauna, with a composition that reflects the South American fauna and all of the Neotropics in general. There is a relatively low percentage of primitive mites (Palaeosomata, Enarthronota) other than Lohmanniidae and Mesoplophoridae, which are quite diverse. The Brachypylina comprises about 68% of the oribatid mite fauna. In the checklist, 41% of the species are known only from Brazil, 37% from the Neotropical region, 13.5% have a wider distribution in the global tropical and subtropical regions, and 8.5% are considered cosmopolitan or semicosmopolitan species. The number of descriptions of new species since 2000 from Brazil (73 spp.) and South America (230) is high, but the oribatid mite fauna of these countries remains poorly known. Only continued studies can determine if the high number of species known only from Brazil is an indication of high endemism.

Eremulus translamellatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1969 Neotropical region. Brazil: States of Amazonas, Par��, Rond��nia and Roraima. References: Balogh & Mahunka (1969a): 5, Beck (1971): 104, Balogh & Balogh (1988): 139, Ribeiro & Schubart (1989): 259, Adis et al. (2002): 10, Woas (2002): 285, Franklin et al. (2006): 1014, Santos et al. (2008): 734, Moraes et al. (2011): 54, Ferreira et al. (2012): 13, Franklin et al. (2013): 179., Published as part of Oliveira, Anibal R., Argolo, Poliane S., De, Gilberto J., Norton, Roy A. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2017, A checklist of the oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) of Brazil, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 4245 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.437584, {"references":["Balogh, J. & Mahunka, S. (1969 a) The scientific results of the Hungarian soil zoological expeditions to South America. 10. Acari: oribatids, collected by the second expedition. I. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 15 (1 - 2), 1 - 21.","Beck, L. (1971) Bodenzoologische Gliederung und Charakterisierung des amazonischen Regenwaldes. Amazoniana, 3 (1), 69 - 132.","Balogh, J. & Balogh, P. (1988) Oribatid mites of the Neotropical Region I. Elsevier, Amsterdam / Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 335 pp.","Ribeiro, E. F. & Schubart, H. O. R. (1989) Oribatideos (Acari: Oribatida) colonizadores de folhas em decomposicao de tres sitios florestais da Amazonia Central. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi. Serie Zoologia, 5 (2), 243 - 276.","Adis, J., Bonaldo, A. B., Brescovit, A. D., Bertani, R., Cokendolpher, J. C., Conde, B., Kury, A. B., Lourenco, W. R., Mahnert, V., Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Platnick, N. I., Reddell, J. R., Rheims, C. A., Rocha, L. S., Rowland, J. M., Weygoldt, P. & Woas, S. (2002) Arachnida at ' Reserva Ducke', Central Amazonia / Brazil. Amazoniana, 17 (1 - 2) 1 - 14.","Franklin, E., Santos, E. M. & Albuquerque, M. I. (2006) Diversity and distribution of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) in a lowland rain forest in Peru and in several environments of the Brazilians states of Amazonas, Rondonia, Roraima and Para. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 66 (4), 999 - 1020.","Santos, E. M. R., Franklin, E. & Magnusson, W. E. (2008) Cost-efficiency of Subsampling Protocols to Evaluate Oribatid-Mite Communities in an Amazonian Savanna. Biotropica, 40 (6), 728 - 735. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7429.2008.00425. x","Moraes, J., Franklin, E., Morais, J. W. & Souza, J. L. P. (2011) Species diversity of edaphic mites (Acari: Oribatida) and effects of topography, soil properties and litter gradients on their qualitative and quantitative composition in 64 km 2 of forest in Amazonia. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 55, 39 - 63. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 011 - 9451 - 7","Ferreira, R. N. C., Franklin, E., Souza, J. L. P. & Moraes, J. (2012) Soil oribatid mite (Acari: Oribatida) diversity and composition in semi-deciduous forest fragments in eastern Amazonia and comparison with the surrounding savanna matrix. Journal of Natural History, 46, 1 - 14. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2012.707245","Franklin, E., Moraes, J., Landeiro, V. L., Souza, J. L. P., Pequeno, P. A. C. L., Magnusson, W. E. & Morais, J. W. (2013) Geographic position of sample grid but not the removal of uncommon species affect multivariate analyses of diverse assemblages: The case of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida). Ecological Indicators, 34, 172 - 180. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecolind. 2013.04.024"]}

Eremulus translamellatus Balogh & Mahunka, 1969 Neotropical region. Brazil: States of Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia and Roraima. References: Balogh & Mahunka (1969a): 5, Beck (1971): 104, Balogh & Balogh (1988): 139, Ribeiro & Schubart (1989): 259, Adis et al. (2002): 10, Woas (2002): 285, Franklin et al. (2006): 1014, Santos et al. (2008): 734, Moraes et al. (2011): 54, Ferreira et al. (2012): 13, Franklin et al. (2013): 179.

Eremulus brasiliensis Pérez-Iñigo & Baggio, 1985 Reported only from Brazil. Brazil: States of Amazonas, Pará and São Paulo. References: Pérez-Iñigo & Baggio (1985): 192, Balogh & Balogh (1988): 138, Pérez-Iñigo & Baggio (1989): 264, Pérez-Iñigo & Baggio (1997): 404, Oliveira et al. (2005): 54, Moraes et al. (2011): 53, Franklin et al. (2013): 179.

Eremulus rigidisetus Balogh & Mahunka, 1969 Eremulus cf. rigidisetus Balogh & Mahunka, 1969 Eremulus rigidisetosus Balogh & Mahunka, 1969 [lapsus] Neotropical region. Brazil: States of Amazonas, Rio de Janeiro and S��o Paulo. References: Beck (1971): 104, Ribeiro & Schubart (1989): 259, Oliveira et al. (2001): 222, Adis et al. (2002): 10, Prieto Trueba et al. (2002): 127, Woas (2002): 285, Franklin et al. (2006): 1014, Ermilov & Tolstikov (2015f): 50., Published as part of Oliveira, Anibal R., Argolo, Poliane S., De, Gilberto J., Norton, Roy A. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2017, A checklist of the oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) of Brazil, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 4245 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.437584, {"references":["Beck, L. (1971) Bodenzoologische Gliederung und Charakterisierung des amazonischen Regenwaldes. Amazoniana, 3 (1), 69 - 132.","Ribeiro, E. F. & Schubart, H. O. R. (1989) Oribatideos (Acari: Oribatida) colonizadores de folhas em decomposicao de tres sitios florestais da Amazonia Central. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi. Serie Zoologia, 5 (2), 243 - 276.","Oliveira, A. R., Prieto, D. & Moraes, G. J. de (2001) Some oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 18 (Supplement 1), 219 - 224.","Adis, J., Bonaldo, A. B., Brescovit, A. D., Bertani, R., Cokendolpher, J. C., Conde, B., Kury, A. B., Lourenco, W. R., Mahnert, V., Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Platnick, N. I., Reddell, J. R., Rheims, C. A., Rocha, L. S., Rowland, J. M., Weygoldt, P. & Woas, S. (2002) Arachnida at ' Reserva Ducke', Central Amazonia / Brazil. Amazoniana, 17 (1 - 2) 1 - 14.","Prieto Trueba, D., Bonfanti-Almeida, J. C., Oliveira, A. R. & Rocha, E. F. da. (2002) Litter microarthropod community in an urban forest stand of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Revista Biologia, 16 (2), 123 - 129.","Franklin, E., Santos, E. M. & Albuquerque, M. I. (2006) Diversity and distribution of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) in a lowland rain forest in Peru and in several environments of the Brazilians states of Amazonas, Rondonia, Roraima and Para. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 66 (4), 999 - 1020.","Ermilov, S. G. & Tolstikov, A. V. (2015 f) Report on oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from Brazil, with description of a new species of the genus Papillacarus. Acarina, 23 (1), 49 - 54."]}

Eremulus crispus Hammer, 1958 Neotropical region. Brazil: State of Rio de Janeiro. Reference: Ermilov & Tolstikov (2015f): 50., Published as part of Oliveira, Anibal R., Argolo, Poliane S., De, Gilberto J., Norton, Roy A. & Schatz, Heinrich, 2017, A checklist of the oribatid mite species (Acari: Oribatida) of Brazil, pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 4245 (1) on page 37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.437584, {"references":["Ermilov, S. G. & Tolstikov, A. V. (2015 f) Report on oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from Brazil, with description of a new species of the genus Papillacarus. Acarina, 23 (1), 49 - 54."]}

Murvanidze, Maka, Mumladze, Levan (2016): Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites. Zootaxa 4089 (1): 1-81, DOI: http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4089.1.1

Akrami, Mohammad Ali (2015): An annotated checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Iran. Zootaxa 3963 (4): 451-501, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3963.4.1

Eremulus flagellifer Berlese, 1908 Iran localities. Nowshahr (Akrami & Behmanesh 2010). Distribution. Cosmopolitan: Palaearctic, Nearctic (U.S.A.: Washington D.C.), Ethiopian (Congo and South Africa), northeast of Oriental, Australian and sub-Antarctic (I. St. Paul)., Published as part of Akrami, Mohammad Ali, 2015, An annotated checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Iran, pp. 451-501 in Zootaxa 3963 (4) on page 470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3963.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/239832, {"references":["Akrami, M. A. & Behmanesh, M. (2010) Introduction of one family, thirteen genera and twelve species of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida), new records for Iran fauna. Proceeding of the 19 th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 2010, 358. [Tehran]"]}

Norton, Roy A., Ermilov, Sergey G. (2014): Catalogue and historical overview of juvenile instars of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida). Zootaxa 3833 (1): 1-132, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3833.1.1

Eremulus avenifer BERLESE 1913 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Sumesara, 13.IX.2009, (N: 37 o 21 '; E: 49 o 51 '; - 19 m), leg. P. Tajmiri. D i s t r i b u t i o n: Italy, Japan, Iran, Vietnam, Tahiti (BAYARTOGTOKH & AKRAMI 2000a; MORTAZAVI et al. 2011); India (GHOSH & BHADURI 1979)., Published as part of Mortazavi, S., Tajmiri, P., Hajizadeh, J. & I, Northern, 2012, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) associated with raspberry shrubs in Iran, pp. 1311-1317 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 44 (2) on page 1313, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5335259, {"references":["MORTAZAVI LAHIJANI Sh., HAJIZADEH J., AKRAMI M. A. & M. RAFATIFARD (2011): Introduction of thirty two species of Brachypyline oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida: Brachypyline), new records for the fauna of Guilan Province (Iran). - Linzer biol. Beitr. 43 (1): 783 - 792."]}

Mortazavi, S., Tajmiri, P., Hajizadeh, J., I, Northern (2012): Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) associated with raspberry shrubs in Iran. Linzer biologische Beiträge 44 (2): 1311-1317, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5335259, {"references":["AKRAMI M.A. & A.R. SABOORI (2004): Report of thirteen species of macropyline oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida), new to the fauna of Iran. - Iran Agric. Res. 23 (1): 111-117.","AKRAMI M.A., SABOORI A.R., KAMALI K. & A. KHARAZI- PAKDEL (2006): Introduction of some Ptyctimous oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida: Ptyctima) of Mazandaran province. - J. Entomol. Soc. Iran. 26 (2): 65-89. (In Farsi, with English summery).","AKRAMI M.A., SABOORI A.R., KAMALI K. & A. KHARAZI- PAKDEL (2008): Twenty six new records of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) for Iran fauna. - J. Entomol. Soc. Iran 28 (2): 1-25.","BALOGH J. & P. BALOGH (1992a): The oribatid mites genera of the world (Vol. 1). - Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, 263 pp.","BALOGH J. & P. BALOGH (1992b): The oribatid mites genera of the world (Vol. 2). - Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, 375 pp.","BALOGH J. & S. MAHUNKA (1983): Primitive oribatids of the palaearctic region. - Elsevier, New York, 372 pp.","BANKS N. (1906): New Oribatidae from the United States. - Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 58 (3): 490-500.","BAYARTOGTOKH B. & M.A. AKRAMI (2000a): Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Iran, with descriptions of two new species. - J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn 9 (2): 129-145.","BAYARTOGTOKH B. & M.A. AKRAMI (2000b): Poronotic oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida: Poronota) from Iran. - J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn 9 (2): 159-172.","BAYARTOGTOKH B. & J. AOKI (1998): New and little known species of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Mongolia. - Bull. Inst. Environ. Sci. Technol. Yokohama Natn. Univ. 24: 121-135.","BEHAN- ELLETIER V.M. (1999): Oribatid mite biodiversity in agroecosystems: role for bioindication. - Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 74: 411-423.","DENEGRI G.M. (1993): Review of oribatid mites as intermediate hosts of tapeworms of the Anoplocephalidae. - Exp. Appl. Acarol. 17: 567-580.","GHOSH A.K. & A.K. BHADURI (1979): Studies on the oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatei) of Nagaland, India. Indian J. Acarol. 3 (2): 51-57.","GROBLER L. & D.J. KOK (1993): Species of the genus Zygoribatula BERLESE, 1916 (Acari, Oribatida, Oribtulidae) from South Africa II, new and existing species. - Navors. Nas. Mus. Bloemfontein 9 (6): 200-206.","HADDAD IRANI- NEJAD K., HAJIGHANBAR H.R. & P. TALEBI CHAICHI (2003): Oribatid mites of the sugarbeet fields in Miandoab plain. - J. Agric. Sci. 14 (1): 55-67. (In Farsi).","KRANTZ G.W. (2009): A manual of acarology. - Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock, Texas, 807 pp.","LEBRUN P. & N.M. VAN STRAALEN (1995): Oribatid mites: prospects for their use in ecotoxicology. - Exp. Appl. Acarol. 19: 361-379.","MORTAZAVI LAHIJANI Sh., HAJIZADEH J., AKRAMI M.A. & M. RAFATIFARD (2010): Introduction and identification key of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida of Rasht township. Iranian j. Plant Sci. 41 (2): 195-205. (In Farsi, with English summery).","MORTAZAVI LAHIJANI Sh., HAJIZADEH J., AKRAMI M.A. & M. RAFATIFARD (2011): Introduction of thirty two species of Brachypyline oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida: Brachypyline), new records for the fauna of Guilan Province (Iran). - Linzer biol. Beitr. 43 (1): 783-792.","NIEDBALA W. (2008): Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Poland. - Fauna Poloniae. 3: 1-242.","NORTON R.A. (1990): Acarina: Oribatida. - In: DINDAL D.L. (ed.), Soil biology guide. John Wiley and Sons: 779-803.","OLIVEIRA A.R., NORTON R.A. & G.J. De MORAES (2005): Edaphic and plant inhabiting oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from Cerrado and Mata. Atlantica ecosystems in the State of Sao Paulo, southeast Brazil. - Zootaxa 1049: 49-68.","RAJSKI A. (1958): Two new species of moss mites (Acari, Oribatei) from Poland. - Ann. Zool. XVII (2): 429-438.","SUBIAS L.S. (2011): Listado sistematico, sinonimico y biogeografico de los acaros oribatidos (Acariformes: Oribatida) del mundo (excepto fosiles). - Originally published in Graellsia 60 (numero extraordinario): 3-305."]}

Eremulus southafricanensis sp. n. Fig. 4 Etymology: Named after the country of origin, South Africa. Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from others by the following combination of characteristics: body size 514–547×282–325; rostrum weakly protruding anteriorly; transcostula present; prodorsal setae smooth; interlamellar setae similar in length to rostral and lamellar setae; sensilli flagelliform, ciliate; 11 pairs of notogastral setae, thin basally and widened medially, smooth; setae lp directed laterally, h 1 directed postero-medially; setae lm inserted below the level of insertions of h 3; aggenital setae branched; adanal setae ad 1 and ad 2 longer than ad 3; epimeral setae 1c long and setiform. Description: Measurements. Body length 530 (holotype, female), 514–547 (mean 528, 12 paratypes); body width 303 (holotype, female), 282–325 (mean 301, 12 paratypes). Integument (Fig. 4A). Body yellow-grey-brownish. Body and legs covered by secretion granules (diameter up to 2 µm). Prodorsum with foveolae. Foveolate band on notogaster with numerous foveolae. Foveolate band anterior to genital plates present.A small concave region is present between rows of notogastral setae c and la. Prodorsum (Fig. 4A, C). Rostrum weakly protruding anteriorly. Costulae long, narrow, straight. Transcostula present.All prodorsal setae setiform, smooth, inserted on tubercles. Rostral, lamellar and interlamellar setae similar in length (57–65), exobothridial setae shorter (32–41). Rostral setae inserted in lateral position on prodorsum. Sensilli (168–176) flagelliform, covered by short cilia. Bothridial margins with teeth (visible under high magnification). Notogaster (Fig. 4A, D). Anterior border straight. One pair of humeral condyles and cristae present, but they are not very obvious. Eleven pairs of notogastral setae (p 3 inserted in margino-ventral position) of medium size, approximately similar in length (57–69; only p 1 and p 2 a little longer, 69–77; and p 3 a little shorter, 53–57), thin basally and widened medially, curved in basal part, smooth. Setae lp always directed laterally and h 1 always directed postero­medially. Setae lm inserted behind the level of insertions of h 3. Opisthonotal gland opening and lyrifissures located in arrangement typical for genus, but poorly visible. Anogenital region (Fig. 4B). Six pairs of genital and three pairs of aggenital setae with two to five branches. Setae g 1 setiform, not branched or with one short cilium. Two pairs of anal (24–32) and three pairs of adanal (ad 1 and ad 2, 57–69; ad 3, 36–49) smooth, setiform setae. Adanal setae ad 3 distant from anal plates. Lyrifissures iad located in arrangement typical for genus. Epimeral region. Similar to that of E. spindleformis sp. n. Shape and number of apodemes and epimeral borders typical for genus. Epimeral setal formula 3–1–3–3. Setae 1c long (57–69), setiform and smooth; all other setae with two to four branches. Two pairs of strongly developed tubercles, Sa and Sp present on epimeral region. Gnathosoma. Similar to that of E. spindleformis sp. n. Subcapitulum longer than wide: 135–143×82–90. Hypostomal setae of different morphology: h branched, longest branch 41–49; m (41–49) setiform, curved in basal part, slightly barbed; a (32–36) setiform and smooth. Adoral setae absent on lips. Palp (length 65–69) with setation 0–2–1–3–8(+1ω). Palpal setae (except tarsus) slightly barbed; solenidion thickened, pressed to palptarsus. Chelicera (135–143) with small tooth on dorsal side. Cheliceral setae long, setiform and barbed; cha (32–36) longer than chb (24). Tragardh’s organ long, narrow, with thin distal part, blunt-ended. TABLE 1 Leg setation and solenidia of E. spindleformis sp. n. (same for E. southafricanensis sp. n. and E. flagellifer). Roman letters refer to normal setae (e – famulus), Greek letters refer to solenidia. One apostrophe (’) marks setae on anterior and double apostrophe (’’) setae on posterior side of the given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae. Legs. Similar to those of E. spindleformis sp. n. Legs with one simple claw. Formulae for leg setation and solenidia: I (1–5–3–4–20) [1–2–2], II (1–5–3–4–16) [1–1–2], III (2–3–1–3–15) [1–1–0], IV (1–3–2–4–12) [0–1–0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Setae smooth or slightly barbed unilaterally. Famulus short, setiform, inserted very close to solenidion ω 2. Holotype: ♀ SOUTH AFRICA: Limpopo: Lenyenye, 23°03'S 30°22'E, in dry loam soil with decomposed leaf litter under indigenous trees, 31.viii.1982, C.M. Engelbrecht (NMBA 2344.12.1). Paratypes: 12, same data as for holotype (5 NMBA, 4 SZMN, 3 PC). Remarks: E. southafricanensis sp. n. is clearly distinguishable from the other known species of this genus by the specific orientation of two pairs of notogastral setae (lp directed laterally and h 1 directed postero-medially)., Published as part of Ermilov, Sergey G. & Hugo-Coetzee, Elizabeth A., 2012, Oribatid mites of the genus Eremulus Berlese, 1908 (Acari: Oribatida: Eremulidae) from South Africa, pp. 559 in African Invertebrates 53 (2) on pages 564-566, DOI: 10.5733/afin.053.0202, http://zenodo.org/record/7918490

Eremulus flagellifer Berlese, 1908 Fig. 5 Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from others by the following combination of character states: body size 262–282×135–149; rostrum weakly protruding anteriorly; transcostula absent; prodorsal setae smooth; interlamellar setae shorter than rostral and lamellar setae; sensilli flagelliform, ciliate; 11 pairs of notogastral setae, medium size, setiform, with slightly curved tips, smooth; setae lm inserted slightly anterior to level of insertions of h 3; aggenital setae branched; adanal setae ad 1 little longer than ad 2 and ad 3; epimeral setae 1c long, setiform. Description: Measurements. Body length 262–282 (mean 272); body width 135–149 (mean 139). Integument (Fig. 5A). Body yellow-grey-brownish. Body and legs covered by secretion granules (diameter up to 1 µm). Posterior part of prodorsum and band on notogaster with few foveolae. Foveolate band over genital plates present. A small concave region present between rows of notogastral setae c and la. Prodorsum (Fig. 5A, C). Rostrum weakly protruding anteriorly. Costulae long, narrow, almost straight. Transcostula absent, but rudimentary sites present. Rostral (28–32), lamellar (28–32), interlamellar (18–22) and exobothridial (8) smooth, setiform setae, inserted on tubercles. Rostral setae inserted in dorso-lateral position on prodorsum. Sensilli (65–73) flagelliform, covered by short cilia. Bothridial margins with teeth (visible under high magnification). Notogaster (Fig. 5A, D). Anterior border straight. One pair of inconspicuous humeral condyles and cristae present. Eleven pairs of notogastral setae (p 3 inserted in margino-ventral position) medium size, similar in length (24–32; only p 3 shorter, 16–20), setiform, with slightly curved tips, smooth. Setae lm inserted somewhat anterior to level of insertions of h 3. Opisthonotal gland opening and lyrifissures located in arrangement typical for genus, but poorly visible. Anogenital region (Fig. 5B). Six pairs of genital and three pairs of aggenital setae with two to five branches. Two pairs of anal (10–12) and three pairs of adanal (ad 1, 16–20; ad 2 and ad 3, 12–16) smooth, setiform setae.Adanal setae ad 3 inserted close to anal plates. Lyrifissures iad located in typical arrangement for genus. Epimeral region. Similar to E. spindleformis sp. n. Shape and number of the apodemes and epimeral borders typical for the genus. Epimeral setal formula 3–1–3–3. Seta 1c long (24–28), setiform, smooth or with one short cilium in basal part; all other setae with two to five branches. Two pairs of tubercles Sa and Sp present on epimeral region. Gnathosoma. Similar to that of E. spindleformis sp. n. Subcapitulum longer than wide: 65–69×45–49. Hypostomal setae of different morphology: h branched, longest branch 20–22; m (20–22) setiform, curved in basal part, slightly barbed; a (12–14) setiform and smooth.Adoral setae absent on lips. Palp (length 69–73) with setation 0–2–1–3–8(+1ω). Palpal setae (except tarsus) slightly barbed; solenidion thickened, pressed to palptarsus. Chelicera (36–41) with very small tooth on dorsal side. Cheliceral setae long, setiform and barbed; cha (20–24) slightly longer than chb (12–16). Tragardh’s organ long, narrow, with thin distal part, blunt-ended. Legs. Similar to those of E. spindleformis sp. n. Legs with one simple claw. Formulae of leg setation and solenidia: I (1–5–3–4–20) [1–2–2], II (1–5–3–4–16) [1–1–2], III (2–3–1–3–15) [1–1–0], IV (1–3–2–4–12) [0–1–0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Setae smooth or slightly barbed unilaterally. Famulus short, setiform, inserted very close to solenidion ω 2. Material examined: 30 specimens: SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu­Natal: Royal Natal National Park, 28°36'S 29°05'E, in humid soil and decomposed plant material, 14.xii.1982, C.M. Engelbrecht (NMBA 2905.15). Distribution: This species was known from the Palaearctic, Nearctic, sub­Antarctic regions, north-eastern part of the Oriental region, Australia and the Republic of Congo. Remarks: The characters of the specimens of E. flagellifer from South Africa are very close morphologically to the supplementary descriptions of this species (for example by Berlese 1908, 1910; Csiszár & Jeleva 1962; Hammer 1966; Mahunka & Mahunka-Papp 1995). However, E. flagellifer differs slightly from the specimens from other countries and geographical regions in respect of its smaller body size (smaller than 300 µm in South African specimens versus larger than 300 µm in the others), and localization of notogastral setae lm (inserted a little anterior to the level of setae h 3 in South African specimens versus insertion obviously anterior to the level of setae h 3 in the other specimens)., Published as part of Ermilov, Sergey G. & Hugo-Coetzee, Elizabeth A., 2012, Oribatid mites of the genus Eremulus Berlese, 1908 (Acari: Oribatida: Eremulidae) from South Africa, pp. 559 in African Invertebrates 53 (2) on pages 566-568, DOI: 10.5733/afin.053.0202, http://zenodo.org/record/7918490, {"references":["BERLESE, A. 1908. Elenco di generi e specie nuove di Acari. Redia 5 (1): 1 - 15.","CSISZAR, J. & JELEVA, M. 1962. Oribatid mites (Acari) from Bulgarian soils. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 8 (3 - 4): 273 - 301.","HAMMER, M. 1966. Investigations on the oribatid fauna of New Zealand. Part I. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab Biologiske Skrifter 15 (2): 1 - 108.","MAHUNKA, S. & MAHUNKA-PAPP, L. 1995. The oribatid species described by Berlese (Acari). Budapest: Hungarian Natural History Museum."]}

Eremulus southafricanensis sp. n. Fig. 4 Etymology: Named after the country of origin, South Africa. Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from others by the following combination of characteristics: body size 514–547×282–325; rostrum weakly protruding anteriorly; transcostula present; prodorsal setae smooth; interlamellar setae similar in length to rostral and lamellar setae; sensilli flagelliform, ciliate; 11 pairs of notogastral setae, thin basally and widened medially, smooth; setae lp directed laterally, h 1 directed postero-medially; setae lm inserted below the level of insertions of h 3; aggenital setae branched; adanal setae ad 1 and ad 2 longer than ad 3; epimeral setae 1c long and setiform. Description: Measurements. Body length 530 (holotype, female), 514–547 (mean 528, 12 paratypes); body width 303 (holotype, female), 282–325 (mean 301, 12 paratypes). Integument (Fig. 4A). Body yellow-grey-brownish. Body and legs covered by secretion granules (diameter up to 2 µm). Prodorsum with foveolae. Foveolate band on notogaster with numerous foveolae. Foveolate band anterior to genital plates present.A small concave region is present between rows of notogastral setae c and la. Prodorsum (Fig. 4A, C). Rostrum weakly protruding anteriorly. Costulae long, narrow, straight. Transcostula present.All prodorsal setae setiform, smooth, inserted on tubercles. Rostral, lamellar and interlamellar setae similar in length (57–65), exobothridial setae shorter (32–41). Rostral setae inserted in lateral position on prodorsum. Sensilli (168–176) flagelliform, covered by short cilia. Bothridial margins with teeth (visible under high magnification). Notogaster (Fig. 4A, D). Anterior border straight. One pair of humeral condyles and cristae present, but they are not very obvious. Eleven pairs of notogastral setae (p 3 inserted in margino-ventral position) of medium size, approximately similar in length (57–69; only p 1 and p 2 a little longer, 69–77; and p 3 a little shorter, 53–57), thin basally and widened medially, curved in basal part, smooth. Setae lp always directed laterally and h 1 always directed postero­medially. Setae lm inserted behind the level of insertions of h 3. Opisthonotal gland opening and lyrifissures located in arrangement typical for genus, but poorly visible. Anogenital region (Fig. 4B). Six pairs of genital and three pairs of aggenital setae with two to five branches. Setae g 1 setiform, not branched or with one short cilium. Two pairs of anal (24–32) and three pairs of adanal (ad 1 and ad 2, 57–69; ad 3, 36–49) smooth, setiform setae. Adanal setae ad 3 distant from anal plates. Lyrifissures iad located in arrangement typical for genus. Epimeral region. Similar to that of E. spindleformis sp. n. Shape and number of apodemes and epimeral borders typical for genus. Epimeral setal formula 3–1–3–3. Setae 1c long (57–69), setiform and smooth; all other setae with two to four branches. Two pairs of strongly developed tubercles, Sa and Sp present on epimeral region. Gnathosoma. Similar to that of E. spindleformis sp. n. Subcapitulum longer than wide: 135–143×82–90. Hypostomal setae of different morphology: h branched, longest branch 41–49; m (41–49) setiform, curved in basal part, slightly barbed; a (32–36) setiform and smooth. Adoral setae absent on lips. Palp (length 65–69) with setation 0–2–1–3–8(+1ω). Palpal setae (except tarsus) slightly barbed; solenidion thickened, pressed to palptarsus. Chelicera (135–143) with small tooth on dorsal side. Cheliceral setae long, setiform and barbed; cha (32–36) longer than chb (24). Tragardh’s organ long, narrow, with thin distal part, blunt-ended. TABLE 1 Leg setation and solenidia of E. spindleformis sp. n. (same for E. southafricanensis sp. n. and E. flagellifer). Roman letters refer to normal setae (e – famulus), Greek letters refer to solenidia. One apostrophe (’) marks setae on anterior and double apostrophe (’’) setae on posterior side of the given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae. Legs. Similar to those of E. spindleformis sp. n. Legs with one simple claw. Formulae for leg setation and solenidia: I (1–5–3–4–20) [1–2–2], II (1–5–3–4–16) [1–1–2], III (2–3–1–3–15) [1–1–0], IV (1–3–2–4–12) [0–1–0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Setae smooth or slightly barbed unilaterally. Famulus short, setiform, inserted very close to solenidion ω 2. Holotype: ♀ SOUTH AFRICA: Limpopo: Lenyenye, 23°03'S 30°22'E, in dry loam soil with decomposed leaf litter under indigenous trees, 31.viii.1982, C.M. Engelbrecht (NMBA 2344.12.1). Paratypes: 12, same data as for holotype (5 NMBA, 4 SZMN, 3 PC). Remarks: E. southafricanensis sp. n. is clearly distinguishable from the other known species of this genus by the specific orientation of two pairs of notogastral setae (lp directed laterally and h 1 directed postero-medially).

Ermilov, Sergey G., Hugo-Coetzee, Elizabeth A. (2012): Oribatid mites of the genus Eremulus Berlese, 1908 (Acari: Oribatida: Eremulidae) from South Africa. African Invertebrates 53 (2): 559, DOI: 10.5733/afin.053.0202, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.053.0202

Sh, Hajizadeh, J., M.A, Rafatifard, M. (2011): Introduction of thirty two species of Brachypyline oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida: Brachypylina). New records for the fauna of Guilan Province (Iran). Linzer biologische Beiträge 43 (1): 783-792, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5325316, {"references":["AKRAMI M.A. (2006): Biodiversity of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) and survey of important species as vectors of Moniezia spp. (Cestoda) in Mazandaran Province. - Ph.D thesis, Tehran University, 281 pp.","AKRAMI M.A. (2007): Introduction of twelve species of Brachypyline oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida: Brachypylina) new records for the fauna of Iran. - J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 9: 77-86.","AKRAMI M.A. (2008a): A new species of Autognetidae GRANDJEAN, 1960 (Acari: Oribatida) from Iran. - J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn. 17 (1): 17-21.","AKRAMI M.A. (2008b): Introduction of some mites of the superfamily Oppioidea (Acari: Oribatida) of Mazandaran Province. - 18th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Bu-Ali University, p. 272.","AKRAMI M.A. (2008c): Introduction of poronotic oribatid mites of Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran. - 6th European Congress of Acarology, Montpellier, p. 15.","AKRAMI M.A. & L. COETZEE (2007): Mabulatrichus iranicus (Acari: Oribatida: Zetomotrichidae): a new species from Iran. - Syst. Appl. Acarol. 12: 245-252.","AKRAMI M.A. & A. SABOORI (2001): Introduction of three families on oribatid mites, new records to the Acari fauna of Iran. Iranian. - J. Agric. Sci. 32: 807-813.","AKRAMI M.A. & A. SABOORI (2004): Report of thirteen species of macropyline oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida), new to the fauna of Iran. - Iran Agric. Res. 23 (1): 111-117.","AKRAMI M.A., SABOORI A. & A. 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I. - Bolm. Zool. Univ. S. Paulo 5: 111-147.","RAJSKI A. (1958): Two new species of moss mites (Acari, Oribatei) from Poland. - Ann. Zool. XVII (2): 429-438.","SHALDYBINA Y.S. (1980): Two new species of the genus Chamobates HULL, 1916 (Oribatei, Chamobatidae) from the Ukraine. - J. Zool. 5: 21-26.","SUBIAS L.S. (2004): Listado sistematico, sinonimico y biogeografico de los acaros oribatidos (Acariformes, Oribatida) del mundo (1758-2002). - Graellsia 60: 3-305."]}