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[EUS] Gaur egun nanozientzia zientzia eta teknologia arlo guztietara zabaldu da, gizarte garapenean eragin handia izan du. Ikerkuntza arlo guztietara zabaldu da ezinezkoak ziruditen erronkak argitu eta ezezagunak ditugun ezagutzak garatzeko asmoz. Lan honetan TiO2 nanohagatxoen sintesia burutu da metodo hidrotermala erabiliz. Sintesi baldintzek lortutako produktuaren egituran eta forman duten eragina kontuan harturik, sintesia gertatzeko ezinbestekoak diren pHa, tenperatura eta denbora aztertu dira. Ondoren, tratamendu kimiko eta termiko ezberdinen bidez konposizio eta egitura ezberdinak lor daitezkeela frogatu da. Bereziki, surfaktante eta pHaren arabera egitura ezberdinak lortzen direla ikusirik. Sintetizatutako laginen karakterizazioa burutzeko X izpien difrakzioa, transmisio bidezko mikroskopia elektronikoa, infragorri espektroskopia, eta termograbimetria teknikak erabili dira. Hauen bidez NaTi3O6·(OH)x·(H2O)y , (TiO2)x(H2O)y , anatasa eta rutilo faseak identifikatu dira, eta nanohagatxoen lodiera eta morfologia ezberdinak ikusi dira. [EN] Nowadays nanoscience is extending to all fields of science and technology, having much influence on the development of society. It has spreaded to all fields of research to solve different challenges and develop ideas that we don´t know until now. In this project nanorods of TiO2 have been synthesized by hydrothermal method. Taking into account that different conditions of synthesis produce different structure and shape of samples, the necessary pH, temperature and reaction time have been analized. Also we have shown chemical and thermal treatments affect to the composition and structure of samples. Specially, the synthesis by surfactant on different pH which can produce very different structures. The synthesized samples have been analizen by X ray diffraction , transmission electronic microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. By this techniques we have identified NaTi3O6·(OH)x·(H2O)y , (TiO2)x(H2O)y , anatase and rutile phases, and we also have measured the size and shape of the samples.

Halogenated organic compounds are a particular group of contaminants consisting of a large number of substances, and of great concern due to their persistence in the environment, potential for bioaccumulation and toxicity. Some of these compounds have been classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under The Stockholm Convention and many toxicity assessments have been conducted on them previously. In this work we provide an overview of enzymatic assays used in these studies to establish toxic effects and dose-response relationships. Studiesin vivoandin vitrohave been considered with a particular emphasis on the impact of halogenated compounds on the activity of relevant enzymes to the humans and the environment. Most information available in the literature focuses on chlorinated compounds, but brominated and fluorinated molecules are also the target of increasing numbers of studies. The enzymes identified can be classified as enzymes:i)the activities of which are affected by the presence of halogenated organic compounds, andii)those involved in their metabolisation/detoxification resulting in increased activities. In both cases the halogen substituent seems to have an important role in the effects observed. Finally, the use of these enzymes in biosensing tools for monitoring of halogenated compounds is described.